f
l E d i t f I at" P ag e f .IB J era'a! : . t
PORTLAND, OREGON
- WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 23. 1903
T
THE GREOON DAILY JOURNAL
What America Owes to a Free Press and Free Public
' Schools ; , - . .
Thousands Leaving Italy Every Week, Yet the Country
.,...-' . Is Prosperous '.
AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
C 5. JACKSON
Published vry vnlng (except Sunday) at Th Journal Building, Fifth and
THE JOURNALS PLATFORM
ATrinity ot Events Which Would Malce of Portland
. the Mightiest City of the Pacific Coast
: FirstDeepen the Columbia river bar. '
.-. . SecondOpen the Columbia river to unim
" peded navigation at and above The Dalles.
Third Dig an Isthmian canaL
AN ENGLISH REPORT THAT
'. i PORTLAND.
ALFRED MOSELEY, an Englishman of means, has
for several years been engaged in a practical study
. of the shortcomings ot the British manufactur
ers. They were, manifestly falling behind In the race,
.while the -American manufacturers were Just as mani
festly forging ahead. In order to help him to a solution
of the question he organized a commission composed en
tirely of practical men in all branches of the manufac
turing trade and entirely at his own expense brought them
to this country so that, each one in his own line might
make first-band Investigation and suggest such remedies
and improvements as might conduce to a' betterment of
British Industrial conditions. This commission' made a
pretty thorough Investigation which was subsequently fol
lowed by reports. Not all of them were enthusiastically fa
vorable to the United States, but they argeed on two
fundamental things the superiority of the worklngmen
themselves and the tools with which they worked.. They
reported that the American system was infinitely pref
erable to the British for the reason: that it encouraged
'every worker to think. Unlike In England, the American
manufacturer was open to suggestions from every source
for Improvement in machinery, in - methods of handling
and producing the product and In all, the economies of
management. When It came to the very latest and best
machinery, cost cut no figure with the American He was
always open to the reception of new Ideas and there
fore he was always a little -ahead of the times and his
l'competitors.'vl.", i:'frv;S:f -V' -X'"' :; 'O-r 'i'- '.i'"V ; U'-. ;
The men did much more wrk In proportion than their
English brethren and it; was usually of a' higher order
because they were capable ot acting on their own initiat
ive. They are much more sober, and being better educated,
they were more intelligent and more receptive to new
ideas. - ' ' ' -
The first report attracted much merited attention on
both sides of the water but Mr. .Moseley was not entirely
satisfied. If the American worklngman was better edu
cated and more Intelligent than his British brother, why
was this so and how was the result attained? Hence an
other commission came to this country under Mr. Moseley's
guidance. " The general result of Its conclusions Is that
the superiority of the American is due to a, free press and
free public s schools. They, are newspaper , readers, so
their education is -continued after they leave school and
the free public schools place within the reach of every
one, however humble, the opportunity to acquire a fund
amental education, which may ofttimes be practically ap
plied. . The rare exception here Is the native citizen who
' cannot read and write,' therefore the universal standard
' of Intelligence1 is high and higher results along the line
of industrial endeavor can be achieved.", ... - "
The shrewdness as well as soundness of these con
clusions wlll.be manifest to every one. The responsibility
which rests upon the public schools Is therefore heavy and
the question which each American community must ask
itself is whether its schools reach the highest practical
standard, whether they are doing the greatest possible
amount of good and to the largest- possible number of
children. Measured by this standard, we fear the public
school system of Portland must .fall
rnunlty-In which the public schools fully.
TTrientsT they haWruT cdmpetItIonnhnthe8Tadesupt6nthe
high schools and sometimes not even then, for those who
desire higher education go directly from the high schools
Into college. In Portland many of those who can afford
It Bend their children to private schools from the kinder-
JOB S. BOCXXrELLEK.
Preacher's Characterlsatloa of
Him
and Another Pta Picture. '
"There la no difference' in principle
between holding up a nation for $1,000.-
000 at the mouth of a pipe line and hold
lug tip an individual at the muzzle of a 1
. gun for what he has on hla person
"The man who la looked on as the
most successful man. In his country is,
in the last analysts, a gambler or hlgh
. way. robber. He Is not even a creator
of money, much less of manhood, but a
highway bandit who haa held up pro
ducers and public for millions.
"The hero of boys used to be Napoleon.
We have made little progress In Chris
tianity when the hero of the boys of to
day In John D. Rockefeller, or J. Plerpont
Morgan." r , ,..;.,; ',;;--
This la what the Rev. Joseph E. Vance,
pastor of the Hyde Park Presbyterian
church, Chicago, told his audience in the
course of a sermon on Chicago's reign of
crime. - .
"John P. Rockefeller. J. Plerpont Mor
gan and men of their class in the flnan
. rial world are really responsible for such
a reign of crime as now exists in Chi
cago," said Dr. Vance, v - -
"There' exists in our day," he con
tinued. -"a supreme "contempt for law.
-.. Why this is is quite apparent A- crim
inal will alwaya have contempt for laws
, that go unenforced against him, and a
mayor who pardons for political pull, a
policeman whose hand Is open for graft
and a Justice court that allow. Itself .to
be systematically worked by professional
bondsmen, have much more to do with
unenforced law than a paucity of po
licemen.' ' c, ' ' '.' '"'
"There Is a feeling abroad that money
control state and federal legislation,
that some United States senators have
been admitted to purchased seats, and
that the , money power today makes
laws for private convenience. So we
shall have to go deeper to explain an
era of crime. An overvaluation of money
: and undervaluation of men is at the root
Of it." -'""., -.- . . ' t-
- Rev. 1 Thomtia B. . Gregory thus de
ferlies for the New York American the
dramatic incident at the Fifth' avenue
church:' . v . :.: ' . . "
""Yenterday 1 sat for fully 20 minutes
'within' five feet of the richest -man "in
the world! It was In the audience room
of the fifth , Avenue Baptist church,
' where I had sons to see John P, Rocke
feller, Jr. . For somo reason the young
man did not put Jn an appearance, but
when the Bible olaaa meeting, conducted
by the 'pastor of thechureh, waa about
hulf over. In came John D. Rockefeller,
Pr,;Vho seated himiplf in the end seat
of the peW just opposite , ;
"l Uo light tell toll upon the old man's
-.a
' - . : . ... ,. '- ' -i.
PUBLISHED BY JOURNAL PUBLISHING CO.
OFFICIAL. PAPER OP THI3 CITY OP
likely that they
the belief that their
the private schools
so, . and there must
be so rapid, then
what should reasonably be expected of them, ir tne pro
cess Is permitted
public schools " must
every respect but
well to mince words
importance as this.
squarely in the fact,
INTERESTS
nevertheless with '
land has now grown
is destined to grow much larger and that, -too, in the course
of a few brief years. The responsibility which is already
great, will, therefore,
standards set by
be met, otherwise
children and our country. If we do not fully meet the
present day requirements, ; we must expect to fall, much
shorter of the requirements which the immediate future
demands.' . t '
Whatever is to be
for it is now the foundation must be laid for that standard
of excellence which we hope In. the Immediate future to
attain.
paid fire
species of
For a city of this size it should be considered ridiculous
to be obliged to debate such a question. The present sys
tem of part paid and part volunteer, the latter receiving
a nominal sum per month, is woefully short-of what is de
manded.. When a town is small, Buch an arrangement Is
the very best that can be made and It pretty-fully meets
the exigency, but In a city it M much like mixing oil and
water to get such a combination to work. . Fire fighting
then rises to the dignity of, a science which requires men of
courage, training and experience to cope with It.
' At the very basis
Neither . Is possible
such as exists here.
command the assistance, but the time of the men.1 They
should always be
norther can they get the preliminary training which they
require and which means so much when there Is 'actual
work to be done.
The insurance
high. Tet there is
department in organization and equipment falls so far
short of the prevailing standards.: If It costs more to
maintain such a, department, It will cost less In Insurance
rates and It will cost
frequently Incidental
no' place for petty politics and those who 'introduce it
should be marked for vigorous public reprobation. "..'"'
NOW FOR
I
The Journal when the necessity for a special session was
made unavoidable by the decision of the supreme court.
Indeed the legislature has not only'found time In a session
thus briefly limited to attend to the specific duty for whose
performance it was called together, but to take up the
slack in several other loose adds" and enda of legislation
that seemed to require attention. Further, than that It has
devoted some time, very properly too, to a consideration
of the bill appropriating money for the Celllo canal right
of way. V v-.-'. ' V-y'K- '' ;'-'"' ' ' '('
'- If Its record is maintained and t adjourns within the
short. : In any com-
meet the requlre-4 three days llrolt t
anythlngln7thelherbf freaky1or"half -baked legislatioiiTlt
will have earned the praise of the public It should ad
journ at that time, thus making an enviable record for It
self, while at the same time rendering a double public ser
vice that will not escape appreciation. i' v
head and it was a Vead that was as
bald as a piece of polished marble. It
is a head upon which there is not a soli
tary hair,' long or short ,
fit is a head that is much above the
average in size, but with the preponder
ance of brain back of the ears in the
so-callad 'animal' region. -. It is a head
witn-butwlarK-e-drmrtg-puwer, with
grit, resolution and dogged determination
far beyond most heads that I have seen.
The forehead Is good, but by no means
extraordinary. It is, not the forehead
of a philosopher, of a poet, of an orator,
or of a great divine. It is the fore
head 'rather of a shrewd, sharp calcu
lator. " ,
"I noticed that on the top of his head
there was a very marked indentation
cross wise, which seemed to Intercept
the communication between the front
and rear portions of "the brain: that Is
to say, .between the part of the brain
that is the seat of conscience and the
sense of right and the part that sim
ply has to do with pushing ahead, re
gardless of all religious or ethical con
siderations. .!.',: '
. ,'The eye of the richest man In the
world is a remarkable one. It is what
may be called a searching eye. It sees
everything that there is around It.
Nothing escapes It. . . j,' - v -
"It is a cold, hard, relentless eye., that
does not easily moisten. It is the eye
of a hawk, looking for Its prey a sharp,
quick, business-like eye, with no pity in
It, no pathos, no compassion.
"The nose I especially studied. It is
a Roman nose, a nose such as fi'ciplo
Afrlcanus might have had; a nose such
as might have stood out on the face of
Caesar a fighting, conquering nose. '
."And the mouth! It. was a mouth
such as one does not often see in this
world. . It was a cloaed mouth.' t ,
'The phenomenally long upper Up
comes down, glues itself to the lower
one, and the two Hps, as they tightly
hug the teeth, seem to be saying, 'Si
lence! Silence!' ,, , i.
" There ' I said to myself, 'Is a man
who can Keep a secret, who - can plan
and plan again, and in the meanwhile
keep his own counsel.'
"Through the aervlce Mr. Rockefeller
sat bolt upright. In a business, not a
lounging attitude.
"The benediction was pronounced, and
the modern Croesus, bowing now to the
right and now to the left, shaking hands
how with this man end now with that,
gradually found hla way to the church
door. r . '
"I eould see no carriage awaiting him.
and probably the richest man In the
world walked home," .
aregroes the JUMOa's Proteotloa.
"What a happy country this is to have
JNO. F. CARROLL
Tamhlll trets, Portland. Oregon.
PORTLAND
garten commencement of their education. It is not at all
do this for .-- any .reason other than
children can be better educated at
than at the public schools.? If this Is
be some foundation for the . belief,
otherwise the growth of the private schools would not
the public schools are falling short of
to continue for a few. years longer, the
be thrust Into the ...background In
the cost of maintaining them. - It Is not
about ... a matter ojt" such fundamental
It is a mattr which must be lo6keq
without prejudices for or against, but
nerfect honesty and frankness. : Port
to be a very considerable city, but Irj
rapidly Increase and the educational
other cities of equal consequence must
we do grave Injustice to ourselves, our
done should, therefore, be done now.
: ,
A FULL PAID FIRE DEPARTMENT.
HERE IS some danger . that the plans for a full
department may be defeated through a
petty politics which disgraces the city.
must be organization and discipline.
under any loose-jointed' arrangement
The chief should not only be able to
at his disposal.' In this way and In
'.-V-'-;,-. v. .';'.
risk Is high . in ; Portland exorbantly
justification for it so long as our fire
very much less In fire losses and the
loss of human life.
In the consideration of such a question as this, there is
ADJOURNMENT .TONIGHT.
T IS QUITE APPARENT that all .the time required . to
do the 'legitimate work of the special legislative ses
sion will be the three days orlginally'suggested by
midnight tonlghy without attempting
the negro," was the burden of Andrew
Carnegie's song at the meeting of the
Armstrong- association in, New York.
"Our 1,000,000 negroes give us 11,000,
000 bales ot cotton every year and this
makes the United flutes the most power
ful nation in the world."
Then he floated oft into the realms of
fancy-and"Ttctured a JleeS 6FBritlsh
warships coming to - conquer America.
The president would only have to hold
up his hand, he said, for' the negroes to
stop the raising of cotton and the war
would be won without the striking ot
a blow. .;.'
KX WAS KAXXIta BOOKS.
' Stewart Edward White, the author of
"Conjuror's House" and "The Blazed
Trail," comes from Grand Rapids, and
has, of course, many friends there who
wish him well and follow his success
with satisfaction. .Mike Dwyer 'ls one
of those, ''good friends" of Mr. White's,
and he wishes him well, too;, but he
hasn't been following Mr. White's line
of work very closely. Mike is a profes
sional wrestler, and was at one time Mr.
White's Instructor in athletics. Mike
has been elsewhere- for a number of
years practicing his ("profession,' . but
a month or so ago dropped ' Into Grand
Raiplds to see the old town and the old
folks. , He met Gilbert White, the artist,
Stewart's brother, on the street and im
mediately Inquired after Stewart. ;
"What's Stewart .doing now?" asked
Mike.
"Oh, he's making books," said Gilbert.
"That's line," returned the gentleman
of the sporting world. "He's gettln' on
ain t ner Makin- hooks, Is he? On
what circuit?" , - ,
BEAST PXZSCX. '
From Harper's Weekly.-
A certain editor Jn d, country town not
far from New York itf not as intimately
acquainted with the French language as
he might be. a A rich and benevolent
widow living in -the editor's town mar
ried a second time. When she died the
town felt her loss, and the editor took
occasion to comment editorially on the
event: -
"We note with regret," he writes, "the
death of our esteemed fellow towns
woman, Mrs. Roger Slmpkins, nee Mia
Jones. ; She will be mourned by many
in me community. - '
Beady for Emergencies.
-' From the Washington Stat.
Venezuela's. Importation of 10,000,000
cartridges may1 have been made merely
on that- government's theory of long
standing that Vuch- thinra - mrm always
fiftnilv in fr a Arminil
. From the San Francisco Examiner.
Mr. Alfred Moseley Is an Englishman
who has been making a careful Investi
gation with a view to determining the
reasons for America's greatness and her
commercial, educational and mechanical
supremacy. What do you suppose he
reported to his fellow countrymen? Not
as uariyie did, that our physical re
sources were the canse of our success:
hot as De WJtte decided, that our many
zones of temperate climate were to be
credited with our amazing progress, but
stmpiy that two thingsthe free press
of America and the -free public schools
were the causes of our eminence.
The free, press of America." says Mr.
Moseley, :, "makes the people long- for
education for themselves and their chll
dren, and the free, schools satisfy that
longing and more." .
The - free press of America sets the
people thinking and supplements the
knowledge they gain in the free schools,
The free press of America does not al
ways meet with the ardent approval of
those Americans who wOuld like to raise
up class distinction, because it shows
tne egregious folly of bogus aristocracy:
out the rree press of America counts for
more than half. In the Opinion of Mr.
Moseley, In that which makes for Amer
ican supremacy. ,:;';:;'!''viv;:,;.:'-
The free press of .this country not
only enlightens the people about thrf af
fairs of their government, but also helps
them to manage to the best advantage
tne aflairs of tholr own lives.
The boys and girls of America read
the newspapers. : They read about as
tronomy, electricity, s municipal govern
ment, army management, shipbuilding,
trusts, crops, diseases, scientlno dis
coveries, political economy and every
other question that the human mind Can
consider., .Such reading cannot fall to
arouse ; a ; desire for knowledge. The
greatest country in the world for the
sale of dictionaries and encyclopedias is
the United States, .and- all - over -the
world ihe proportion of text books sold
to -the .population:, is ln.theexact. ratio
of the proportion ofxnewspapers sold.
The boys who. read about the manage
ment, or mismanagement of public af
fairs are very apt to-determine to do
something to improve matter when they
grow older and have a vote.' The boys
with the mechanical turn of mind who
read about inventions are certain to In
vestigate the question further. "
The boys and girls who read . abso
lutely free discussions on every subject
are certain to demand the' right of free
discussion themselves. . Boys and. girls
who -sitsslde by side in the. public
schools are not likely to permit an as
sumption of superiority on the part of
the wealthy and favored class. Men
who are accustomed to'read the criti
cism, of the free press on those who
have been intrusted temporarily -with
the management of public affairs can be
trusted to see that wrongdoers are put
out of office n good time. ...
England possesses neither free pub
lic schools nor a free press. Some Eng
lishmen like to tails about .their free
dom, -and, In a fashion, the safeguards
thrown around what' the: Englishman
calls his rights are marvelous; but free
dom of speech In the press has long
since been, denied in Great Britain. Tne
libel laws of the country are designed
forthe protection of swindlers and men
In high places. All the important news
UTXX.T XST8TOBX3 POXJTXCS.
Governor Pennypackar' Candidacy Sot
apreme conn ana xu snects. -
Philadelphia Correspondence New Tork
. gun. - :' ' ' ' , i
; The candidacy of Gov. Samuel W. Pen-1
nypacker for . a .Judgeship of the su
preme court of Pennsylvania, it carried
forward to a nomination by the Repub
lican state committee, . will make the
politics of this state interesting during
the coming months. ' The tacts, briefly,
aref as follows: Samuel W. Pennypacker
was nominated and elected governor of
Pennsylvania fori' a term' of four years,
beginning in January, 1903.' . During the
month of October, 1903, Hon. J. Brew
ster McCullum, a justice of the state
supreme court, died, and about the laat
week in November,; 1903, the governor!
appointed Hon. Samuel Gustina Thomp
son to fill the vacancy. Judge McCul
lum being a Democrat,; the governor very
properly -appointed a Democrat as his
successor. On December 7, 1903, in a
carefully prepared letter. Governor Pen
nypacker, with three years of his term
yet unexpired, -announced himself as a
candidate before the Republican state
Convention for justice of the supreme
courff and the following day. the premier
of the . Pennypacker administration.
Israel W. Durham, announced that he
would support Governor Pennypacker
candidacy. This guaranteed hla nomina
tion. : - , ..
The constitution of Pennsylvania pro
vides that "No senator or representa
tive shall, during the time for which
hejhalL-have JeenelectedUJeappointed
to any civil office under the commonwealth,"-;
There - is- no such provision
Tor the governor not taking office,
The candidacy of Pennypacker for Jus
tice of the supreme court, while exercis
ing the. duties of governorwlll give the
Independents of the ' state' the opportu
nity they desire to build up an organiza
tion that will enable them to make a
winning fight against 8enator Quay. The
Citizens' association of Philadelphia, of
which John H. Converse of the Bald
win Locomotive works Is president and
Mahlon N. Kline secretary. wilL. unite
with the Citisen's association of Pitts
burg; and with one of Pittsburg' Re
publican a the candidate for senator
very likely Henry Clay Frick and Judge
Samuel G. Thompson, Democrat, of Phil
adelphia, for justice of the supreme
court in opposition to . Matthew Stan
ley' Quay and Samuel W. Pennypacker,
the fight could be carried Into every as
sembly district in the state.
Gen. Daniel H. Hastings was elected
governor Jn 1894 by a majority of 141,
897. while Pennypacker, with the pres
tige of a name honorably identified with
the commonwealth even ., before It be
came a state of the union; with all the
renown that came from 148 of the name
of Pennypacker having served in the
war of the rebellion, and with a gen
eral belief that the state would be
honored by his election, obtained only
142.360 majority just 99,047 less than
Hastings. -. ' ' ,
" PBXTATB ALX.XITS XATEST.
. , From the New York World. '
Allen was baiting Governor- Docker?
of Missouri.- "Dotkery," he said, "I un
derstand you were not very fierce en
durln' of the wah." -
"Pshaw, "John!" said a bystander.
"Pockery was in the war," ... -.
"I know," said Allen. "I understand
he Joined a company of home guards,
which solemnly vowed not to go out of
the county unless the enemy came in."
"AH this talk about the difficulty of
going on the water wagoh and quitting
drinking is foolish," said Private John
Allen of Mississippi now a United
States commissioner to the St, Louis
fair.
"E
4uit
Easiest thing In the world, t 1 have
drinking' six times today,-and .will
quit a couple of mors times before' I
go to bed." .' i v ' '
papers recognize class distinctions, and
tye proprietors - who hope- to be made
lords for service to the king are careful
not-to permit a line . to enter the col
umns of their papers that might, give
any displeasure to his majesty. , '
The English newspapers Which more
particularly , cater to - what in England
are described .as "the lower classes' are
so Hampered by the outrageous doctrine
laid down by an English judge that "the
greater the truth; the more libelous is
the publication", that they dare not ex
press themselves freely on- any subject
pertaining to the government, - Quite re
cently the editor of tha most Important
weekly newspaper In England was heav
ily fined by a judge because his; paper
published the fact that a person accused
of a crime had previously been consid
ered menially unbalanced. The man had
been an Inmate of an asylum for the
cure of mental diseases. -He made no
complaint about the publication referred
to, but the judicial Dogberry who fined
the editor declared that the publication
of . anything ; which might throw light
upon the character of a litigant or a per
son on trial was an. affcont to the dignity
ui niB court., a man anempiea a col
lect money from poor people on a "get-rich-quick"
- scheme. A' newspaper
pointed, out the fact that he had served
14 years of his life in various jails for
various kinds of swindles, and was found
guilty of libel for so doing, the judge
holding that a newspaper could only
protect the public from swindlers ot that
character at its pern,
There are no free schools In England
In the American sense. There are board
schools of such interior' character that
they practically mean a denial of proper
education to the children of the poor
that attend them. Educational bodies
declare that It is impossible to get well-to-do
people to send their children to
schools attended by the poorer classes,
as the better dO not -wish their children
to mix with the lower classes.-and that
as poor people's children, aa a rule, leave
school at -an nearly -age Jt Js. Jiot- worth
while to prepare them -for a first-class
education. The consequence of this Is
the poor man's children "are denied the
advantage of a decent education and the
rich man's child is denied the great ad
vantage of such association with other
children as would teach him the folly of
class distinction. The English workman
who touches his hat to his master and
says "Thank you" every time he is spoken
to has no hope of seeing 'his son jn a
position of authority, and quite expects
that his child will act as a servitor to
his master's child. Should, however, his
child be so fortunate as to reach a po
sition In the class above htm, his chief
pride in the achievement would be that
he had son in the upper class, and
nothing would Induce him to think that
he was his own boy's equal, i
The free press and .free schools In
America make the American mechanic
dissatisfied with his tools and his knowl
edge, and they, teach him to search for
better implements or more Information.
As a member of Mr. Moseley's commis
sion expresesd it: In the American
workshop there are 1.000 men helping
the boss by seeking short cuts to produo
tlon. ' Any suggestion they may have to
make are most gratefully received and
frequently well rewarded. In an English
snop tne cmei aim seems do to mono
the old machinery do., .,".-'
TAXUXS OP POBXXOV COOTS.
- The . following are the - customhouse
VAlima In TTnltnit fltiitea tnlil of forelen
coins for the quarter beginning October I
1, as proclaimed by the secretary of the
treasury! . - ' ; -., -. - '
Coontrr. Standard and Unit - ' Viln. '
Argentine Republic Gold Peso. ....... .fO.tMS
Auitro-Hungary uoia crown .t. ........
Belgium Gold Frne .................. ',.193
Bfcliw SilTer Bollriano .40H
Brmll Gold Mllreia .548
British North America Gold Dollar.... 1.000
Ontral America . - - - .-
float Blea Old Tolon -.4A5
Guatemala HIlTerCaao
Honduraa Hllrer Peao ........... . .408
' Wlearagua Htirer Peso .............. .4n8 -
Halador Silver Peso .............. ' .4iH
' Brttlrb Honduras Gold Dollar ...... .ltNK
CMIe Gold feao 303
China t s. el . , :.
Amojr StlTer Tl ................... .S39
Canton 8iler Tael ;.037
Oheefoo stlrer Taet ................ .81
Chin Klann SlWer Tael ............ .044
Fuchu Sllrer Tael . .10
Kaikwaa (Cnatom) gllver Tael ,...".671
Hankow gllTer Tael .617
Hongkong
1 Nanking Silver Tafl ........ M2
-Muchwang Silver Tael .......,.. .til 8
Ningpo Hiler Tael ,634
Pekinf Hllrer Tael .843
Shanghai Stlrer Tael , ,6o3
Swatow Sllrer Tae( , .Hue
- Takau flllre Tael .663
Tletaln Sllrar Tael .8X9
Colombia BUrer Prao .40S
Ccba Gold Peao ...................... ..VM
Denmark Gold Crowe ' ,8tW
Err.ador Gold Sucre ,...............,, .487
Egypt Gold Pound ................... 4.043
Finland Gold Mark ................... .103
Franca Gold Franc ....',,.'.)..-. .108
Germany Gold Mark .... . . - ! . . . -5WX
Great Britain Gold Pound Sterling.... 4.8WS
Greece Gold Drachma ,..'....., .113
Haiti Gold Gourds .969
India Gold Found Bterllng
Italr Gold Lira
4.8605
14
Japan Gold Jfen .,
ft
Liberia Gold Dollar ,. 1.000
Mexico Sllrer Dollar ................. .443
Netherlands Gold Florin .402
Newfoundland Gold Dollar 1.014
Norway Gold tow ................. .289
Perala Sllrer Kraa .075'
Peru Gold Sol .48T
Pcrtngal Gold Mllreia, 1.0M0
ttuaaia Gold Ruble .515
Six In Gold Peaeta .................. . ' ,1IS
Swedes Gold Crown ,2tiS
Swltcerland Gold Franc ........ .1H3
Turkey Gold Plaater ................. .044
l'ruguay Gold Feao 1.084
Veneanela Gold Bollrar .............. .193
The eolna of allrer atandard conntrlea ar
valued at their allrer content, at the areraga
prlr o( allrer for the prerlooa quarter.
The -Brt'.h Dollar" haa the me legal
rain a the Mexican dollar In Hongkong, th
Btralta Settlements and Labnan.
The Sovereign la the atandard coin ef India,
tnt tha rupee (10.3244 1-8) la the money ot ac
ecunt, current at 1ft to toe aorerelgn.
There has been an advance In val
ues for the silver standard countries
during the past six months.
- - ' Befleotloa of a Bachelor. -
. From the New Tork Press.
. Truth may rise . though crushed to
earth, - but somehow,' lies don't get
crushed. " - ' - .
It seems an awful lot worse to jump
out and turn on the heat than to stay
In' bed and keep cold.
It makes a girl very fretful to have
a fever blister when a nice young man
Is coming to call. .
: It Is human nature .to be dissatisfied
because there is no swimming in Jan
uary and no skating In July.
. The funniest of all is the near-sighted
man who stops to look at the feet of a
woman of sixty crossing the street. .
" Splendid Tribute, . j f
From the Astoria Astorlan. -The
Thanksgiving copy of the Port
land Journal was a most creditable num
ber and is a splendid tribute to the en
terprise of the proprietors of. that P
per. ..' . , . - ' .'-. '.'-
Wotting to rick About. SUyb,.
, From the Albany Democrat.
The engineers didn't even mention Ta
qulna. Some people like to be mentioned,
even if it is to be kicked. . The engineer
might at least have kicked. . -'..,".'
, v '; : ;
: ' 'Slaadertng" Mlssottrl.
In releasing Ed Butler and giving him
a clean bill of health, the supreme court
at Jefferson City has made manifest Its
purpose never, never to lend Itself to the
abuse of "slandering" Missouri, -
. " - . - ' v
WUllara E." Curtis' Rome Letter in Chi-
" cago Record-Herald.
; The kingdom of Italy is prosperous
and la gradually developing in every di
rection. Manufacturing haa Increased
in a remarkabls manner; agriculture is
producing an even greater degree of
wealth, while new industries " of various
sorts are engaging the attention of the
people with profits The sugar Industry
Is the latest, most- important and profit
able, which, like' that of Spain, is due dl
rectly to th revoltitlon In Cuba.t When
the Insurgents destroyed the plantations
and mill of that laland and In 1896 and
1897 reduced the crop to'onjy a small
percentage, of the average,' Italy was
compelled to import beet sugar at great
expense irom uermany and France,, and
it occurred to the"' enterprising farmers
of the Piedmont country that they might
produce tneir own sugar and realise the
profit In the year 1898 four factories
were started, their total output during
the succeeding yeaf amounting to 7,960
metrla tons. v For 190J the reports of
the department of. agriculture show 43
factories and refineries, producing 73,800
metrlo tons. This is about as rapid as
the development of the same industry in
the United States, and suggests an inter
esting and serious problem as to what
will- become of the, sugar of the West
Indies when , the beetgrowers of Spain,
Italy and the other European nations, aa
well aa those of the United States, sup
ply their own home markets. - - -';.
Th silk industry is also flourishing
in Italy. The latest census shows that
more than 60u,000 people are engaged In
raising - silk , worms, and that 172,000
skilled .factory operatives are engaged
In the manufacture of slUc Thia con
firms what Secretary Wilson haa been
saying for several years, that the wives
and daughters of our farmers ought to
raise silk worms, , like those of other
Countries, because . It costs very little
labor no more than raising chickens or
keeping bees and the- profit are much
larger. The silk manufacturer of the
United States now supply almost the en
tire demand of the marfeet In our coun
try, except for the finest . fabrics. ..- We
are now making: our own dress Roods.
-both silk, satin and velvet, our own
piuanes ana otner varieties- or laDrlca,
but we have to send to China and Japan
for our raw silk, . Italy doe not make
any more silk goods than we do, but her
Imports of raw llk are very much
smaller because of the home production,
and her export of raw silk now amount
to nearly 176,000,000 a year. ..
Other branches pof agriculture are
equally prosperous, notwithstanding th
enormous Immigration from the, coun
try, which ' is still Increasing at an
alarming rate, and Is attracting the at
tention of parliament and the political
economists. In 1896 307,482 Italians
emigrated, la 1901 the total was 533,245,
and In 1902 nearly 800,000. The total
for the last four months has been 252,
265, which Indicates that the exodus
for 1903 will be larger than ever be
fore and reach nearly, a million soula
The larger number go to the United
States. During the last four months
195,479 sailed for New York, 31,930 to
the Argentina Republic, and 2S.988 to
Brasll. .-..Village after village In Southern
Italy has been almost depopulated, and
the smaller cities and towns, by the last
census, show an alarming decrease in
population. Count Peccl, the nephew of
Leo XIII. told me that at least a thou
sand farmers and laboring men had gone
from his little town of Carplneto during
the last two years,' regardless of the ef-
forts of the landowners and other em
ployers of labor to check the movement
The commission has reported that
more than 3,000,000 people have left the
country during the last 10 years; 74
per cent of them have gone to the United
States snd the remainder, to the Argen
tine republic and'Braiil. It finds a lit
tle consolation in the fact that they
help the commerce of Italy by increas
ing her export of wine, macaroni and
other peculiar ' Italian ' products, and
contribute to the wealth of the kingdom
by sending home their savings for in
vestment It Is also' shown that 83
per cent of the emigrants retuYn sooner
or later to their old home, and the most
of them bring back considerable, sums
of money . .
Notwithstanding this enormous ' emi
gration there ha 'been a gradual in
crease In the population of Italy, the to
tal forl85l being 28,459,828, while in
1901 it was 22,476,253. The largest in
crease has been In ' the northern pro
vinces of Piedmont Lombardy. : Tus-
cany.-Venlce and Ltgurla. where there is
the least emigration and the highest
average of wealth. , Still, in .southern
Italy and Sicily, from which most of
the emigrants go, there has also been an
increase because of the large birth rate.
More than 1,000,000 bable are born-in
SEOUBXTUSS ABB XBtTECftrBXTZES.
Proposition Upon'vyhich AU
Classes Will Agra.
- From the New "York World.
Did Justice Peter S.-Grosscup of the
United State circuit court than whom
a higher authority upon corporate law
could hardly . be - cited, exaggerate the
fact when he said to the Chicago Mer
chants' club: -H i i-i- " y
"In my opinion the men- who have
passed off bogus securities oil' the pub
lic have done more harm ta American
Institutions, to American spirit unity,
good feeling and prosperity than it they
had deliberately spread over this land
pestilence and fever.'? - ;
Examples of such "bogus securities'
as Justice Orosscupt refers to are fresh
m the public mind. There '1 th 857,
000,000 of water In the $79,000,000 Ship
building company, which Mr. ' Morgan
and Mr. Schwab arranged with Harris,
Gate & Co. to sell at 365 and $25 a
share, and which is now worth nothing;
there is th $800,000,000 or more of "flat
value'' attempted with such disastrous
results. In the steel trust; there are the
shares of th Northern Securities com
pany, which sought to-add. the capi
tal . of two great competing railroads,
making five out Of two plus two, and
whose validity the supreme cour is
even now considering; there are Sugar
and Copper and Chewing-Oum; ice trust,
asphalt trust and candy trust. And th
total nominal capitalisation ot the
dustrlals" alone, leaving out the vast
railroad mergers, equals anout $100' for
every man, woman and child Jn- the
United States. Truly a mass of "bogus
securities" that may well justify Jus
tice Grosscup's emphasis. - ' .-'-.
Whether- the existence oj th trusts
would still be contrary to public policy,
and Interest if honestly capitalised is a
question upon "which men may ' differ.
But there can be no question that the
evils of monopolistic mergers would be
greatly lessened If Justice Grosscup's
suggestion of government supervision as
rigorous as that of the national banks
were enforced to prevent manifest rob
bery. , !
Can't Weigh Intellect ' ' "
From the Montgomery Ala.) Advertiser,
t People who read about Daniel' "Webster
get thu impression that he :, weighed
about a. ton, but Senator Hoar says his
normal , weight was about-164 pounds.
That, however, doesn't In any degree
lessen the weight of hts Intellect- No
scales could weigh thaU ,
Italy every year to the 5,180,013 famlllet -enumerated
In the census of 1901. and -the
number of marriages last year was
234,819 out Of a population of 32,000,- -000.
Taxes are, very high. Everybody has
to pay upon every article he owns or
produces. Every egg, every chestnut, .
every -melon and head of lettuce that is
brought to market" by the old women is "
assessed -a. trifle. A housekeeper is
compelled to pay the government a
.frano or two for every servant em
ployed; there is a tax on windows and
doors,-and you have to put a tamp Upon
every document : of a business nature,
every bill for goods purchased and every ,
receipt Nothing escapes the assessor,
neither the books in the library, nor tha.
music on the- piano,' nor the brlc-a-brao
in' the cabinet while the tax on Incomes '
is very : large, averaging nearly. 20 per
cent of the -entire earnings and revenues
ot the people. Thl la very burdensome,
but it is cheerfully paid, and I am told '
that- the assessments are fair and just,
and that there Is comparatively llttls
evasion.
Jts In all countries where universal
suffrage prevails, there Is a great deal
of political agitation, and much tlm
that might be better "spent is wasted In ,
politics. 'Demagogues are quite as num
erous as in Franc or -the United States;
the political bos la omnlpresept, and
there are - frequent charges of corrup
tlon, Intimidation and fraud at the
polls,, . Since the Camorra. the Tam- '
many of Naples, was overthrown three
years ago there has been considerable
Improvement, and the socialists, who
are a large and powerful party here, ar '
to : be credited with much of the im
provement In political morality..
...The issues are suggested by th so
cialists. ' Government ; ownership of
public utilities is perhaps the most'im-
portant, and its vitality has been stlra-
ulated by the circumstances that th
concessiojnJorAhaopfit'atlonj)lraUwa.i
,llnes owned by the government Is to ex- r
pire In 1905., The socialist leaders In
sist that th government shall operate
the roads itself after that date, but that
Is considered bad policy by the conser
vatives and a large majority of the lib
erals, s The uncertainty of the , result
causes a good .deal of inconvenience to
the public because the present lessee of"
the railroads will ' make no improve
ments and will invest no more money
in rolling - stock until they know
whether their concessions are to be re
newed. Hence the physical condition of '
the Jtalian railways is much below par.
The trains are always overcrowded.
People holding first-class tickets are
often compelled to take seats in second-
class carriages, and sometimes are glad -to
find places in third-class cars; th
trains, are usually late, and there' are '
other flagrant cause for dissatisfaction.
Complaints to th management are use- ,
less because the reason for the whol
difficulty is a' lack of - rolling stock.
which will not be corrected until some
definite arrangement Is made tor the
future. ! One might say that three
fourths of the railways of Italy ar In
the same condition as the street-car lines
of Chicago.
Socialism Is growing and anarchism
prevails to a, greater extent in Italy now
than in any other country. Nearly' every
anarchist that turn up In the European
cities is an Italian or a role, and you
know how-numerous they are' In the
United States. The ' slums of Rome,
Naples," Genoa and other citle Swarm
with, anarchists, -and -.the proposed visit
of tha csar ot. Russia to Rome, was aban- '
doned only a few weeks pgo on the-recommendation
ef the - superintendent of
police, who explained that .he could not
guarantee the safety of such a conspic
uous guest. This candor caused consid
erable comment and-the police were at
tacked in the most -violent manner by
newspapers of all parties, and particular
ly by the socialists, who construed the
remark as a reflection upon themselves.
That the king of Italy is considered In
constant danger of the fate of his father
I apparent - from the guard that sur
rounds him whenever he leaves -the pal
ace. He never goes Into the street with
out being entirely surrounded by cav
alrymen, who ride two or thre thick on
both sides of him and before and behind
his carl rage. If he go out on horse
back he is practically concealed by tha .
bodies of hi guard,- and when h ride
in hi automobile he la accompanied by .
an escort, on bicycles. . -
The recent political crisis In Italy waa
of no particular significance. Zarnldella.
the prim minister, wa tired and 111, and
created it in order to escape gracefully
from hla responsibilities, snd th new . ..
ministry, ' composed of practically th
same men who served under his leader
Ship, will not make . any Important
changes In his policy. '
STAZ.X, rOB A9T COBBTABCS.
Amusing . Blunder Jty-Taaaa Banohmaa
Who Arranged for PearMs' Arrival.
', Alice (Tex.) Special.
The announcement tnat Lady Con-,
stance MacKensle would arrive her on
a certain date ha led to an amusing
mistake. A telegram informing R. J.
Kleberge of Santa Gertrude ranch Of
Lady. Constance's proposed arrival cam
from a North Texas ranchman, where
she had been visiting. Mr. Kleberg
was absent and the boss of th ranch re
ceived the telegram.' '
The ranch boss is not up on' title of
nobility, and he thought Lady Constance
must be a fine blooded mar that Kle
berge wa vending to the ranch. H
telephoned 'to J. B. Ragland. a Uvry
table man at Alh-e, who dttends to such
business for the "ranch, that Lady Mac
Kensle would arrive on. Friday night's
train, and a she was a high-bred animal
and valuable, he would t expected to
take special care of her until ah could
be forwarded to the ranch. Mr. Rag
land put up a fine stall at the stable and
notified the railroad agent to have th
car switched at a Certain plac. aa he
was anxious to get her out of the car
soon as possible after, the arrival of th
train. - , .
In the meantime Frank Ay era of the
Cosgrove hotel received a telegram say
ing that - Lady Constance MacKensle
would arrive on that night' train, and
"ln-Jahe wanted accommodation at th hotel.
A little before train-time Ragland and
Ayer met at the station, and-, both
learned they -were there for the pur
pose of. meeting an expected arrival
named Lady 'Constance. There wa no
hore on the train, and Ragland admit
ted the ranch boss must have mad a
mistak. :". ': v,
' v.;"- ; Unsought Yaoanol. v , ''.
'. ' From tha London Truth. " " ,
There. Is an unsatisfactory dearth ot
candidates for commissions in th in
fantry regiment of the German army,
and there ar at present vacancies for
800 subalterns, i The cause of this reluc
tance to, enter upon the military profes
sion Is the enormously Increased cost of
living In the army. In the old day a
German sub-lieutenant could live on his
pay. but this is now utterly Impossible
. - I ,.., -y - .
". kl i " Heglect. -
From the Plttfeburg Times.
Nobody has y?t suggested to boll th
beer In the hope of heading oft th
germ that lurk in the stuff ,w drink.