THE OREGON DAILY JO U RN At POIIT'L AND, i FRIDAY . E VENI NO, J 17LY ; 1 0, , 1003. EDITORqIcXL COcTHcTHENTcND TIMELY TOPICS ; j&n OD UPUfl ( PROSPERITY: WHAT IT IS AND HOW PRODUCED f$J V. s v i JOURNAL PUBLISHING COMPANY, Proprietors. KMmn THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, Fifth and Yamhill Stt, Portland, On ri'"""i-ii.'.i.'.JiJ'Tii";,'i'i" 1 -' ! 1 ' .i .'.r..i. CITY OFFICIAL PAPER. AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Entered at the Postofflce of Portland, Oregon, for transmlr:lon through the malls as second-elt 4 matter. Postage for tingle copies i'or an . 10, or 12-page paper, 1 cent; U to II page. 1 cents; over 21 page,, S cents. TELUPHONESi Business Office Oi on. Main 600: Columbia, 708. Edftorls' Rooms Oregon Main 250. Terms by Carrier. The Dally Journal, one year $5.;1 The Dally Journal six months t.60 Tha Dally Journal, three months 1.80 The Dally Journal, by tha week 10 SUBSCRIPTION RATES i ' Terms by Mail. The Dally Journal, by mall, one year..$4,C0 The Dally Journal, by mall, six months. 2.25 The Dally Journal, by mall, three months 1.2 S The Dally Journal, by mall, one month. 40 The 8emlWeekly Journal. The 8em.l-Weekly Journal, eight to twelve pages each Issue, all the news and full market rt porta, one year 11.50. Remittances should be made by draft,, poatal notes. mounts are acceptable In one and two-cen t postage stamps. THE JOURNAL. P. O. Box 121, Portland. Oregon. The Vickly Journal. The Weekly Journal. 100 columns of read ing each Issue. Illustrated, full market re ports, one year, $1.00. orders and small express -Three mountain ranges traverse Oregon from north to south the Coast, 10 to 20 miles from the ocean; having an extreme altitude of 4,000 feet; the Cascades, 100 to 150 miles Inward, ranging In height from 6,000 to 12,000 feet, and dividing the state Into Eastern and Western Oregon; and the Blue Mountains, 3,000 to 10,000 feet, near the eastern boundary, Upon the slopes of these mountains and their spurs are the largest and most valuable timber tracts In the world, the output of lumber for 1902 being worth $10,000,000. Between each of the mountain ranges are millions and milllqns of acres of as productive land as can be found beneath the aun, the ylelda of wheat, oats, flax, barley and fruits leading every known region, both in quality and quantity. From Oregon, Washington and Idaho and Their Resources, by R. M. Hall. EVERYONE VOTES AYE. ' The campaign Inaugurated by The Jour nal for the establishment Njf a city emer gency hospital la meeting with the most cor dial aupport. Without a dissenting voice, public officials and private citizens alike de clare themselves heartily in favor of the undertaking. The chiefs of the Police and Fire Departments, whose duties bring them In frequent contact with cases of serious ac cident and Injury, are agreed that an emer gency hospital Is Imperatively needed. Phys icians are of the same opinion and give hearty endorsement to the project. The City Auditor, who naturally looks to the question of ways and means, expresses him self as in favor of the plan, provided It can be carried out without too much expense Thla proviso need be noff obstacle, for the outlay required would be small. The cost of maintenance would probably be more than offset by the saving In payments which the city ta now obliged to make to private hospitals for care of indigent patients. No time should be lost by the city author lties In securing quarters and making all otbef needful arrangements for the Installa tlon of an. emergency hospital. If it la to be established at all, the sooner it is done the better. The slight expenditure ' of public funds that will be required will meet with genera approval, and the results will more than vindicate the investment. desired relief for the wheat growers of Cen tral Oregon appears at last to be not far distant. Secretary Cortelyou of the new Depart ment of Commerce, opened business with prayer and reading of scripture. Evidently he realizes the seriousness of attempting to regulate the trusts. The bargain sale of tax titles now In pro gress at the courthouse gives evidence that TOO CIVILIZED. . ' Troublous times are threatened for the Saltan of Morocco, who is becoming so civil ised as to arouse the serious dlscontment of his loving subjects. Their dissatisfaction has found vent In ominous rumors of Insur rection, arjd unless their sovereign Is able to convince them that he Is still a barbarian at heart, despite the thin veneer of civiliza tion which he has acquired, a ruction seems imminent. As is so frequently the case of late years, an American is the root of all the trouble. He .becarpe the Sultan' favorite, and .under his tutolage the potentate learned to ride a bike. It is impossible to describe the horror of the Morroccans when they saw his Sul- tanic majesty scorching through the market place In the company of his detested fa vorite. Not content with this Iconoclastic innovation, the Sultan Imported an English physician and hired a French electrician to wire the royal palace. Even the loyally of the, people of Mo- Multnomah County is a pretty good auc tioneer. The postofflce deficit for the fiscal year ending June 30 last was $4,617,203, as against a deficit of $2,961,170 for the year previous. This big increase of expenditures in excess of receipts Is but the natural consequence of a policy which made the Postofflce De partment the happy hunting ground of the grafters, the spoilsmen and the practical politicians. The absorbing question now with President rocco Is scarcely proof against such revolu tionary acts as these and they are expected to rise at any moment in defense of their In stitutions and the traditions of their sires. The sentiment of the American people is undoubtedly, in the abstract, opposed to lynching. Yet when brqught face to face With the concrete case, when theory is con fronted with brutal, fact, humannature Is the same, whether in the North or the South, the East or the West. The tragic oc currences at Belleville, III., at Wilmington, Del., and at :vansvllle, Ind.. bear witness to the fact that the spiri; which finds vent in lynchings is not sectional, nor is race preju dice confined to the old slave states. Roosevelt is whether the Russian bear will bite if he tries to twist its tall. --There -is -nothing surprising In the news that another Oregon land office employe has been detected in irregular practices and is to be dismissed. For years the land depart ment has been, the hot bed of scandals and corruption. When jninor officials so their Chief promoted to still higher political honors, after being openly charged by the press of his own party with rascality; "it is not strange that they conclude that they, too. may use their positions for their private gain, without fear of punishment. Superintendent Machen says he did not accept bribes. Perhaps, like those Missouri politicians, he called it "driftwood." And if he secured as large a proportion of the drift wood as he has of the Indictments, he should be pretty well fixed. The scheme Of establishing an emergency hospital would go through with a whoop if Official statements indicate that the con struction of the portage road will soon be Undertaken. The engineer who has made the preliminary surveys is of the opinion that the road can be built for the sum ap propriate by the Legislature, and as soon i the plans and specifications have been completed bids will be tailed for. The long. During the last presidential campaign, the winning argument of the Republicans was that the election of McKinley four years before brought prosperity to the country. and that his ro-electlon would continue It, as though prosperity depended upon the acts of the chief executive of the nation. No doubt, many people believe It, or sue an appeal would never be addressed to voters. It is no new manifestation of popular Ignorance, that hard times are generally laid upon the party In power, which Is, only Another way of conveying a belief that prosperity end adversity are Intimately connected with the administration of government- And such an absurdity is not confined to the American people; our English cousins have the same aberatlon of the understanding. McCarthy, in his "History of Our Own Times," says, the administration is blamed or- praised accordingly as the people have food or bad times. Of course It Is In the power of government In all countries, to oppress the people by taxation, but this ts not thought of or included when partisans promise prosperity to follow the election of their candidate. The prosperity thought of, la something that comes through law which permits or promotes proper Industrial correlation and con tentment, liut when questioned as to what that something la which passes under the name of prosperity, there is an ominous Silence from the prosperity touters. Several times I have offered a dollar to any Republican who would. In Ave minutes, give a definition of prosperity that would bear criticism, nnd I have as yet lost no dollar. The fact Is, people have no proper Idea of what It takes to constitute prosperity. There seems to be a general understanding that all are to be benefited by It, that the well-being Is to be general, and that all classes are to be included. All the rest Is vague and Incoherent, really Intangible, until Mark Hanna gave it a corporal entity In "The Full Dinner Pall." The farmer thinks that when he gets a high price for his produce, he is pros perous, but if this be prosperity to him, what is It to those of his fellow citizens. mechanics and laborers, who must go deeper Into their pockets for the advance In price which they have to pay? To the consumers of such prosperity products, it must be adversity; they are not partakers of the farmer's prosperity. If we suppose that the farmer buys more, and thus promote industry, the Increase of his purchases stands for the excess the consumers pay, which they did not pay before, and they are no better off for their additional labor. The fallacy of promoting general prosperity by raising prices. Is fully shown by sup posing the prices of all commodities be raised In proportion, when evidently they balance each other, and the farmer Is no longer able to buy more, and his prosperity also vanishes. So It Is with the manufacturer; If the price of his products be raised, it may be prosperity to him, but It is adversity to the consumers; consequently, the pros perity which comes by raising the price of some commodities, ts at best, partial and injurious to some, or In case of a general rise, the prosperity is wholly Imaginary, like Hanna's "Full Dinner Pall." The man who has potatoes to sell, counts his prosperity 25 cents a bushel, when the price of the tuber advances that much, and the adversity of the consumer is 25 cents a bushel for all that he buys. The effect is Just the same as if money had been taken from the pocket of. one class of people, and put Into the pockets of another class of people, without any transmitting of the products. So far as general prosperity Is encerned there has been no change; the sum of wealth has not been Increased a penny. And so It la with every change W prices, of whatever commodity, or however pro duced. When the market price is less than the cost of production, producers are thereby Injured to such an extent as to force a diminished production and a consequent advance in price, but every such incident only goes to show the want of correlation between com modities of an sorts. Including wages. Evidently, it makes no difference to the farmer, whether he gets 25 cents a bushel for his wheat, or 100 cents, if all his purchases are on the same scale. A critic might here remark, that If the farmers' savings were 25 per cent of his sales, his money in bank at the end of the year would be less under low prices than under high ones, but this would not change the fact that the leas money In bank would have as much purchas ing" power, as the more money on a corresponding scale. The latter might pay a bigger debt, but debts would also conform to prices current, where there is reasonable stability of general Industry. Therefore, it is unreasonable to associate low prices with hard times, and high prices with good times, provided there is a general correspondence of prices, in either class ;it is only when there Is a want of correspondence, when some things are up and others down, that prosperity depends upon prices, and then the prosperity Is only partial and fully offset by a corresponding adversity. This principle was practically illustrated in the recent strike of 145,000 coal miners in Pennsylvania, where, without any decrease of nominal wages, a large advance In the price of the necessaries of life was the same to them as If their wages had been reduced below a living point. In the light of these principles, belonging to natural law. and therefore unchangable. how easy it Is to see the utter futility of trying to bring general prosperity in the way tlie Republican party has been operating for many years, working the governmental machinery to establish the protective system. It is within the power of government to put a tariff on Imported goods, and raise the price of competing products of this country, thus benefiting home manufacturers, but the same government is wholly im potent to prevent the corresponding and equal, adversity, thereby brought to other classes of our fellow citizens. And this Is a question addressed not only to the common sense, but to the common honesty of our people. It. Is, In a paramount degree, an ethical question. A government founded upon the pretense of establishing Justice has no right to tax some, that others may receive greater profits; to take from those who raise wheat, and give to those who raise sheep; to take from those who wear shoes and coats, and give to those who make them. Such a course has no sanction in right reason, or in moral principles. It is absurd and abominable. But such a system is the only basis for the promise and hope of prosperity thai Republicans hold out as a reward for supporting the party. And when we consider that only about 13 per cent of our population are beneficiaries of the protective system. is it not a wonder that the humbug has so firm a hold upon the people. Taxing 87 per cent for the enrichment of 13 per cent; or In other words, bringing prosperity to 13 per cent and aaversity to 87 per cent of our citizens. That is the size of Republican pros perity, which comes by government Interference with the industries of the people. Real prosperity, that which is general, can not be produced by see-sawing prices Real prosperity depends .upon the general production of wealth under conditions of equality; that is when the Industrial human factories have equal access to natural op portunities. When people understand this, they will cease to expect prosperity from Juggling with prices. Or if that is the true doctrine, then evidently the trust system is right, for under It, prices can be put up and kept up. i Every observing person knows, as a matter of. fact, that the prosperity arislna- from the Dingley tariff lawJ, has been of the partial, Injurious and unjust sort. The trusts and those who are owners of trust stocks, have fattened, not- 10 per cent of the whole people, while 90 per cent have been robbed to the same extent. And this result is not an exception to the general operation of a bncflclal system. It Is at all times and In all places, the Inevitable consequence of such a system Farmers, especially, ought to know this, and also that It Is impossible through tariff laws, to bring them within the so-called protected class. Those who produce Dr. Woods Hutchinson, who Is connected with the State Board of Health, has been setting up the cigars lately, according to the stories his friends tell. It seems that he called a meeting of the members of the board early In the week to confer with a committee of the city board.. They were to meet at the doctor's office late in tne even The members of the board showed up with several reporters and others and waited and waited and waited, but the office was locked up and Its occupant failed to make an ap pearance. Finally he was located at his home, by the telephone. Then it took him several minutes to realize that the Joke was on him. He treated, they say. The doctor had called the meeting and had then for gotten about It, J "Freight and passenger business on the Coast is exceptionally good, said A. Stewart district freight and passenger arent for the Chicago A Alton, who Is on a tour of Inspection of the North Pacific Coast Mr. Stewart's headquarters are In Ban Fran Cisco and he generally visits Portland about every 90 days. 'Low rates made good business during June and while travel to the East Just now is a little quiet, I look for It to pick up within a few weeks. The national O. A. R. encamp ment takes place In San Francisco next month and the western lines will be crowded. 'The Lewis and Clark and the St. Louis Fairs will cause a great deal of activity west of the Mississippi and I see no reason why one exposition will not benefit the other." Mr. Stuart said he was not in a position to state definitely, but he. would as a "predlc tlon" say that In all probability the rate from St. Louis to San Francisco to the O. A. R. encampment would probably be $47.50, the price of a regular second class passage one way. "They say the politician's life is a hard one, especially during a siege or strikers, but I tell you that I have yet to find the man who receives a salary by suffrage of the people who will exchange his position for the alleged easy-money making place of a bookagent," said A. B. Smith, a traveling so licitor for an Eastern publishing company, last night. "The politician, of course, has a hard time of It, but only during a cam pa I en. The rest of the time he can sit in his chair, shake hands, buy the cigars occa sionally and make votes In divers other man ners, and no matter how much he spends of time, money and mental worry, he Is always rure of a 90 per cent profit upon his invest ment by the acquirement of knowledge of human nature, of the brightness or stupidity of character as he may see it, by lessons in diplomacy and lastly and principally an en larged bank-account which he may enjoy with a comfortable household and high so ciety. These are the handships, or, as I should call fhem, the happy Incidents of a life. Now contrast his life with that of a bookagent. The jeddIerL as unkind people call him, has a campaign of his own, but the only features of It are hardships and small compensation. All the adroitness of the politician must be hi, except in bis own town he does not belong In society, and In offering- his books he suffers as man re bukes as the , unmoneyed ward-heeler does when, ha looks for votes. Then look at what he has toj-un against. Now here Is one of 100 instances: . The other day I tried to sell a set of Shakespeare to a saloon man and here Is the net result of tha interview: 'VChakbeerT .Not I don't keep It. Got lager, bottled, home and Milwaukee.' ."Here,' I said, 'this Isn't a beer; it's book!' : -L , . ; ' 'Oh, book, I have no book. All my hook (bock) la out, but I'll have soma next May.' "Wouldn't that Jar you? He thought was a brewery agent . but he bought the books, or rather I exchanged my book beer for a few. glasses of his lager and money, just as votes are made by the liquid in the campaign. 1 1 run against these Instances every week or so, and. If I were not like a worn-out politician, they would make me feel like, giving up the business." . , - Several lawyers were relating their curious experiences in the corridors of the county courthouse yesterday, when ex-Dlstrlct- At torney W. T. Hume related the following story: "It happened down In California, years ago, but it never found its way Into the newspapers so far as I have been able to learn," prefaced Mr. Hume. "In the town where this Incident occurred, there was a fellow who persisted in getting into trouble,' and although he had been arrested several times, ne always pieaaea not gumy ana mv v THE LAND OF WHEAT wool may be, but those who raise the cereals, and those belonging to the wage class. togetner constituting the greater part of our population, must forever be the robbed, in all schemes of partial prosperity brought about by tariff laws. And when a party promises more than, this to the voter, It can be easily con victed of being either knave or fool. pj. THE ACTIVITIES OF WOMEN all the people hurt by the tax scandal could get their1-injuries cared for there. Unless the Czar is a rank "bluffer, he Is preparing to administer to our President one of the most vlgirous snubs which that stren uous gentleman has yet suffered. The pro test n gainst the Klshtneff massacres may come back with the information that the addressee does not care to receive it ) ; The club women of New York are making a valiant effort to raise a sufficient sum of money to establish in some part of the state a free school where girls may be taught trades suitable for women, to enable them to earn a decent livelihood, and keep them from sweatshops and the streets, , The project is ne that shoujd appeal foev-ery -woman-whether she be a club woman or not. By strenuous endeavors on the part of a few loyal and interested women, the sum of about $6,000 has been accumulated. Many more thousands must, however, be added to this before the work can be brought to the com pletion desired by the sponsors of the admirable and beneficent Idea. The National Consumers' League, making Just now Its fourth annual report, shows that it includes in membership 53 leagues, representing 13 states, seven, states having been added during the past year. Mrs. Florence Keliey, the national secretary, says that the commercial value of the league's label Is shown by the urgent demand for the privilege of using it on the part of manufacturers lnvbranches of industry in which it has not been awarded, and several firms which once scorned to use It have since changed their arrangements in order to secure the privilege. The social service com mittee of the Massachusetts state federation,-of which Miss O. M. E. Rowe Is chairman, urges the clubs to aid In this movement. ' - 1 j A Widows and Widowers' Club has been organized in Hudson County, N. J., with the prime object of ameliorating the lot of Its two score or more members. The club held Its first consolation soiree on Sunday in a park in North. Bergen, that is situated near two cemeteries. Many of the widows ' still are young and comely, and a number of unmarried men who are not widowers want tio Join. The club, it i said, intends to make all applicants for membership furnish death certificates of their deceased partners. NORTH YAMHILL, Or, July 8, 1903 To the Editor: Since your valuable paper is getting to be a common household friend in this community, I think that a few words regarding "Old Yamhill" will perhaps not be out of place. That Yamhill County, the land of wheat, hay, oats, hops, prunes, etc., is the recog nizee "garden spot" of Oregon, I think will not be disputed. The old dependence, wheat raising, however, is rapidly giving way to the more profitable diversified agricultural pursuits which are becoming common throughout the enure Willamette vaiiey. Where once waving fields of wheat would greet the eye at this season of the year, clover, vetch and other profitable hay crops are to be seen. Where the mongrel cow was once the source of milk and butter supTlyTiowmay beseen apteTidid herds of blooded cattle. Jerseys and Shorthorns predominating. -North-Yamhilt is-sitnated irrthe Jbeauty spot" of Yamhill County, and is a most thrifty and growing town, and the scenlo effect In the surrounding graon Mils, fields of waving grain and the Coast Range Moun tains, as viewed from the elevation upon which the town stands, Is, at this time of the yqar, the remark of the traveler who hap pens this way, and is not excelled anywhere in the state. Besides the well-developed Industries of Yamhill County, she -is rich in latent re sources which have as yet been but partially developed. It Is the belief of many scientific men who have made careful examinations of the ground that petroleum, Iron, coal and the precious metals abound and will in the future in response-1- the-application of capital, be made to produce fabulous wealth. Already some effort has been made along the line of devolpment of the hidden resources. In this respect we might refer to the work JOSEPH L. BRISTOW. Joseph L. Bristow, Fourth Assistant Post master-General the man, who has come to be called the sleuth of the department Is six feet two inches tall, but so thin that when standing erect he seems to be fully seven feet. -When seated he assumes a crouching position, making It appear that he is, only a little above average stature, and when he begins elevating himself to a per pendicular attitude he seems to get up a foot District Attorney never could get enoughV I evidence to warrant holding him to answer TS J before the Superior Court. Six years passed . away, tne District Attorney Became a juage and the troublesome person was still in the town, always inviting a term in the penittn-. tiary and always escaping it. His continu ous invitation became a Joke until one day he was indicted by a grand Jury and haled before his old acquaintance, the District Attorney, now a Judge. The charge against him was read and he readily voiced a plea of guilty. Much to the surprise of all, for the minimum penalty for the crime was one year and he could get off with no less. He knew what he was doing, for the evi dence against him was strong. Still the Judge was astonished when he heard the plea. "'You plead guilty T he asked. 'The max imum penalty Is 10 years.' I Itnow It" said the man who defied the law, 'but as I pleaded guilty, I won't get It.' Yes you will though,' responded the se date magistrate. 'When I was District At torney I tried for six years to get you in dicted, and for four years as Judge I wanted to have you before me. Now, as this is the only chance I ever shall have, I shall give you the full period I waited for you and that is 10 years.' "You will, eh, you blasted old Idiot? Well, if I had known that before I pleaded 'd have walloped the thunder out of you.' "The fellow served' his sentence," con cluded Mr. Hume, "but I never heard whether he thrashed the Judge. - of the Yamhill Coal & Oil Co, of Newberg, which company has driven a well to a depth of more than" 1,200 feet, in search of pe troleum. Experts represent that the indica tions shown at that depth are all that could be asked for and that a continuation of the work is most certain to be successful In the discovery of a profitable oil field. The most extensive work done so far In the county In the way of development Is that of the Port land Coal & Oil Company, of Portland, In their coal mine on the Goeser farm, three miles from this place.. This company began operations- two years ago and have kept con tlrtuously at work ever since with ffie result that they now have 1,900 feet of tunnel, alj,, told, consisting of two entries, with crosif tunnels between them for purpose of ventila tion, running back into the hill a distance of something over 700 feet. At J:he presents time there is between four and five feet of coal at the tunnel face, a considerable por tion or wnicn is or nrst-ciass quality, wniie " f at a time. The result is Interesting. 'When postofflce Inspectors have nothing else to do they make bets of the time it will -take Mr. Bristow to get his head into the rarlfled at- This, however, Is not in one undivided strata, but still has intervals of sandstone dividing it. The layers of sandstone, how-' ever, are becoming thinner and less frequent as the tunnel Is pushed into the hill, and It is confidently believed that they will pinch out altogether and that the coal will then be In an uninterrupted strata of sufficient size and quality to make it a good merchantable product. The writer has made a recent ex amination of this work and is therefore a firm believer in the final successful outcome of the Portland company's undertaking.s I I Much money has been expended by them in "eHJ J this work, and whatever the outcome may be, tney are deserving oi mucn credit for their stlck-to-it-iveness." There is much more -that might' be said of this locality, but In fear that I may be mak ing too much of ,an intrusion upon your space, I will burden you no further, . VINE W. FEARCE. mosphere he breathes while erect There is a legend around the department that a vis itor who , had Just been Introduced to Mr. Blstow-watched him straighten out for. a fewu moments and then gasped: "Good Lord, is he-never going to stop getting up?" Great Britain's colonies, with which Mr. Chamberlain's tariff scheme la to foster trade, furnish' but a fourth of her foreign business. . The average gross returns from all culti vated lands in the country is less than $10.60 per acre, and for cereal crops only $8.0 per acre. , - - , ' , , X .L -