- ;iHE USEGOn.DAILY JOURNAL
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Addressi
THK OREOON DAIUY JOURNAL.
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largely contributed to the glorious suc
cesses of the past. Courage, coolness,
intelligent and abovt all patriotism
these are the quality which make the
American sailor tho beet In the world.
It U tw much to expect the Filipino to
display the tratta, until at least, he
haa Imbibed more thoroughly the true
American spirit.
He may do excellent service d the
vessel engaged ' In .patrolling tha
water of the Philippines, but to per
mit his enlistment as a full fledged
ma n-o'va reman Will excite many mis
gtvingsrand aroase much criticism of
the Navy Department.
WOMAN KILLS PETS SHE LOVES
4
r sJUMCRIPTION RATES.
Ttrnis by Carrier i
The jurnai, one year
The Journal, rix months
The Journal, three month"
Toe Journal, by the week
.15.00
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Terms by Mailt
The Jaurnal by insll. vne year M JJ
The Journal, by mall, six month -00
The Journal, by ruall. three month. 100
' .You better learn to accept all
the small mltflis and the trivial
annoyances of life as a matter
of course. To allow them to re
ceive attention " beyond their de
serts Is to wear the web of your
life to the warp. Be on the look
out for the great joys nnd never
let moequltoa worry you Into a
passion. The Philistine.
'V , '
'THE MOUNTAIN LABORED.
' An Indian mall carrier has been ar
rested on a charge of having failed to
turn in to the postofflce the sum of
. 'two cents, collected more than a year
ago on a postage due stamp. The ar
Test, It is stated, Is the result of sn
Investigation conducted by half a
dosen government officials, extending
Over the time since the afk-ged col
lection was made.
Tho public will be deeply gratified to
know that Its interests have been so
jealously guarded. The postofflce de-
. 1 partment may well point with pride to
this triumphant conclusion of a case
'on which its sleuths have been en
gaged for more than a year. If the
man they have at last placed behind
the bars Is indeed the purlolner of
that two cents, his crime will soon be
fittingly punished and the stolen funds
will be restored to the treasury.
' The arrest of this defaulter will do
a world of good. It will serve ft a
warning that not every employe of the
Postofflce Department enn rob the
' public at pleasure. Mall carriers who
think they can appropriate two cents
Just because they see their superiors
taking hundreds of thousands of dol
, lars Will receive a lesson not soon to
" be forgotten.
' ; 1 It Is most fortunate, too, that this
case arose so as to afford Occupation j
for the half dozen detectives who have
been, engaged upon it Hut for the
stealing of that two cents their atteu-
, tiort might have been turned to some
of the higher officials of the depart
ment, with results painful to fancy,
Think of the consequences if the same
ruthless Investigation had been per
mitted amon those privileged peculat
ors whose transactions are now slowly
. coming to light.
With the arrest of this alleged two
' cent thief, the further investigation of
) the Postoffice Department mav, as well
; stop.
WHY DO THEY SUPPORT HERMANN?
Rveryone who' Interests himself In
politics hi Oregon knows that the
Booth-Kelly Lumber Company of Eu
gene, Or, the most extensive holders
of timber lands In the state, are the
principal hackers of Mr. Blnger Her
mann in his candidacy for Congress
man. If it were merely true that the gen
tlemen composing this company favor
Mr. Hermann In their individual ca
pacity as American citizens and sov
ereign voters. It would be impertinent
to question their action, but it Is well
known that In their corporate capacity,
they not only back Mr. Hermann for
the nomination, but really forced hlm
on the convent ton against a majority
of 16.
That there Is an ulterior motive on
their part will be inferred by every
thinking person. CorjHjrations, us cor
porations, do not IntereHt themselves
In politics without good reason, so that
the logic of the situation is thru the
Booth-KeHy Lumber Company, nnd Its
allied concerns must have a material
object In view In the present fight.
No one attempts to deny the fact
that this corporation Is backing Mr.
Hermann and it will be well for his
political supporters to explain to the
voters some good reason for their un
usual interest in the matter.
Of all the official boodlers and graft
ers whose exploits have attracted re
cent attention, Mayor Ames of Min
neapolis appears to have been the most
sordid and shameless. If he does not
spend the few remaining years of Mb
life in state's prison it will be a dis
grace to Minnesota.
.........
PHILADELPHIA. Pa, April IS. In a
poem called "The Ballad of Reading
Oaol." a poenj written by a convict. It
Is sstd that mnn always slays the thing
he loves. This statement Is undoubt
edly true, but It seems to be borne out
in Frankford. nevertheless for Mrs.
Caroline Scott of ltZI Sellers street Is
admitted to be one of Frank ford's great
est lover of animals, and yet Mr. Scott
kills from too to 1.000 animals a year.
She kills these snlmsls, though, not so
much because she loves them as beoense
they sr suffering. Dogs that have been
run over, rats with Incurable diseases,
birds Irreparably hurt these and other
sorts of little live things Mrs. Bcott puts
to death. And she has bean putting them
to death for 35 years. She employs a
msn to bring them to her from their
homes, and another man with a horse
and wagon calls thrice a wetk at her
house to remove for burial the corpses
there.
Mrs. Scott lives In a brick house with
her daughter and her son-in-law. Her
health 1 no longer rood, and to pursue
her work Is more difficult for her now
than It used to be. Nevertheless she
does not propose to give it up. Yester
day the man whom she employs colled
at her house and said: "Have you any
thing for me to do today?"
"do to this number for a cat, to that
number for a parrot, end to such and
such a place for a dog." replied Mrs.
Scott.
: --RICHES IN CORN BY-PRODUCTS.
A street railway rrancnise in Los
Angeles covering only about two miles
in the residence portion of the city has
Just been sold by the City Council for
1 110,000. This suggests that fran
chises in Portland may not be quite so
valueless as the public is given to understand.
A contemporary records the fact
that three men in Mexii were eaten
by sharks. Vet this same contempo
rary has nothing to say about the
sharks who havC beeh eutlng up tha
taxpayers of Multnomah County.
TEE QUICK OR THE DEAD.
The case of an Alabama negro, Tom
Barth, who was legally hanged and
afterward came to life again, has
j raised a knotty point of law. The
Sheriff who had charge of the hanging
;,was ' a novice at the business, and
though the physician in attendance
pronounced life extinct, subsequent
'.event proved that the negTO was not
dead. Whin the body was delivered
to the relatives they discovered signs
of life, a physician was hastily sum
moned and the negro was resuscitated.
Barring a sore throat he was soon as
well as ever.
But now arlnes the difficulty. HaB
- Tom Barth -paid the penalty 'of the
law so that ho can to free, or must he
be hanged again ? ' tt was the sen
tence of the court that he should be
"hanged by the neck until dead" and
the Sheriff's certificate Is evidence that
this was done. Skeptical people who
prefer the testimony of their own eyes
to that of the official records and who
see Torn walking the streets In his' us
ual health foolishly insist that he Is
still alive. But they are met with the
reply that the law has declared that
Tom is dead, and therefore dead In
must be, outward appearances to the
contrary notwithstanding.
The only one concerned who is not
excited, over the matter Is the corpse.
Tom Is eating his three meals a day,
quite indifferent us to whether he is
legally alive or dead.
President Roosevelt haa had a strong
hunch. He Is talking ' now-a-days
about "Higher Cltlaenship," instead of
I "higher tariff." The new topic Is safer
and the peoplp cheer Just as loudly.
The good roads, convention which
has been meeting at St. Louis should
have devoted a little attention to Im
proving the road to the state peniten
tlary.
. ' hi i
The erranrPriifcesa Louise of Sax.-
ony has a daughter, but congratula
tious from her royal relatives are com'
lug in very slowly.
He Bead the Message.
Joseph Francoe'ur, stage manager for
wiiuam aversiiam, recalls this lndident
in connection with W. E. Sheridan, an
actor of repute in his day, who was said
to be somewhat lacking, however, in de
On one occasion Sheridan was playing
a biock engagement In the West and had
as his leading man an actor named
Charles Craig, who played the part of De
Noumours In ' i.ouis IV.." and played it
rather badly. Determining to be rid of
the actor, Sheridan started for the tole-
graph office one evening, following a par
ticularly distressful performance on the
part of Craig, and the latter insisted
upon accompanying him, in order to en
joy the -walk!. Sheridan smiled grimly,
and the two proceeded.
Arriving at the office, Sheridan, with
Home degree or secrecy, wrote the tele
gram, passed it to the operator, told him
he need not repeat It aloud, but to please
send it immediately.; Thoy were Just
leaving the office when the telegraph in
strument began to click. Suddenly Craig
stopped. His facebor nret a puzzled
expression, then one of deep concern.
and linally his head sank upon his
breast, and his manner was most disconsolate.
'What's the matter?" Inquired Sheri
dan.
'I used tb be a telegraph operator,"
answered the actor, "and 1 read that
message."
'Good lieavens!" exclaimed Sheridan.
The message read: "Engage Joe Orls-
mcn for Di Noumours; Craig rotten."
And Sheridan, becoming sympathetic.
Immediately sent another wire, recalling
the order of the first. New .ork Times.
' tTT TDTXT "VC TTT TTTT 7 1 trV
The experiment of enlisting Filipinos
In our navy must be regarded with
grave doubts. It i about to be tried,
; but many naval officers look .upon It as
si very unwise" step. A number of
Filipino boys are to be received as ap
prentices at the Cavite naval station,
.wltlv; the Intention of making them
ultimately rernlnr snlin
' While It is true that the Filipinos
are la general good watermen, and
vVlck to learn, It remains to be seen
'whether they can learn to submit to
the, rigid discipline, of the navy, and
whether they will develop those traits
which have been characteristic of
American seamen and '.which have so
Would Tackle an Slephant.
"Jim" Johns, one qt the active Re
publicans of Tipton, was in the city re
cently, and one of his friends told a good
utory on him that dates back two or
three? weeks. Johns Is in Indianapolis
frequently, and on one of his visits he
was walking down Pennuylvania street
with James R. Cole aud D. J. Menden
hall of this city, when their attention
was attracted to a magnificent pair of
elephant tusks that were exhibited in
a shop window. They admired the Ivory
for several minutes.
"Great, aren't they, Jim?" observed
Cole. Johns conceded that they were
fine, but started -to remark something to
the effect that Tipton County could pro
duce larger ones, when Cctte added:
"Have you any Idea how much they're
worth. Jim? Those tusks represent Just
$1.6011."
Without a word, Johns turned, walked
over to the. curb and bvgan peering up
and down' the street. Nt ' .
"What on earth are you doing?" asked
his frieuds. , V '
"I'm looking for an elephant,' rejoined
"Jim." "If I'd' sea one with a pair of'
tusks like that I'd tackle him single
handed." Indianapolis Journal.
The man oVpnrted. Several hours later
he returned with the cot. the pnrrot and
the dog in an express wnffon. The first
had been burned in a fire; the second
had developed an unsightly disease of
the skin: the third had had both legs
broken by a cart. ; '
Mrs. Bcott carried them all to a room
behind her kitchen an airy room, with
plenty of window. In the middle of the
floor .stood a blg wooden box, alr-tlght.
and very solidly constructed. A rubber
tube panned through the-side or the bos
aud its end was attached to a gas pipe.
Into tho box she thrust the parrot It
squawked, but as soon as the lid wms
cloned upon It It became silent. In the
blackness of the box it stood still. Mrs.
Siott turned on the gns cock and floods
mi flnnus of gas rolled in upon the par
rot. Five minutes thereafter the woman
opened the box and removed the dead
bird. The stale gas In tha box rolled
forth and out of the window. After it,
was gone the dog was killed In the same
way the parrot, and finally the cat
was disposed of. Then the bodies of
these little animals were laid in an out
house, and thence, the next morning, a
man removed them for burial. Every
day there are a half dosen callers at
Mrs. Scott's. A little girl will eome and
say with a sorrowful voice:
"My father says that I must get rid
of my cahary. The cat get It yeeterdny
snd tore a big hole in its breast. The
hole will never heal, my father says. The
poor little bird is in great pain. Will
you kill It, Mrs. Scott, without hurting It
at all?"
"To be sure' I will, little girl. Leave
me your address, and I'll send for the
bird at once."
A young man comes and says:
"I have a Newfoundland dog. madam,
that must be put to sleep. This dog
naved his sister's life, aud for this dtted
his own life must pay the penalty. He
was walking with the little girl and a
trolley car approached that ahe. didn't
sec. She stood on the track, and she
would have been run over. But the dog'
ran to her, seized her dress, and thrust
her out of the way. The car ran over
his. hind legs, crushing them horribly.
and the surgeon says that there Is no
hope for this good dog."
"I wMl relieve the animal, sir," says
Mrs. Scott. "Its death will be painless.
almost pleasant.
:-:
A great many persons "wonder why It
is that Mrs. Scott ever came to involve
herself in the grewsome work that she
now conducts on a scale so extensive.
She told the other day how she( tlrst
came to take up the work.
"All my life," she said, "I have- lived
out here, and all .my life I have loved
animals. We have a number of quarries
in this section, snd at the quarries a
good deal of cruelty Is practiced on
horses. I began In my girlhood to take
the part of these horses. Many an
argument I had with brutal drivers, and
muny a poor horse I helped. From horses
my care for animals "extended to dpgs
nnd cats and birds. ' And when I found a
dog or a cat or a bird In such pain and
trouble that It should be dead I killed
it In as painless a manner as possible.
"The method of killing that I now use
is a development of my earlier method.
In the past I used chloroform. I would
put the animal to be killed in an air
tight box and then I would throw ' In
beside it some ragj saturated with
chloroform. For tho chloroform to kill
would require IS or 20 minutes, and even
then the killing is not quite certain, and
it is necessury to cover the animal with
water for surety's sake.
The gas method is better. The g&a
Is turned into the box for Just a min
ute, and In that minute the animal dies.
It takes only a few seconds to make it
unconscious. The gas Is no sooner
turned on than you hear the animal drop
to the floor. It rarely, if ever, makes
any outcry. Dying is Just as pleasant
to it as eating a good moal is to you.
I suppose on an average I kill 300 ani
mals a quarter. Most of them are catat
Next oome birds. But I have killed ani
mals of all sorts rats, guinea pigs,
mice, bats, and monkeys. I have been a
member of the Philadelphia S. P. C. A.
ever since, it came into existence, and I
Ijave a-'silver medal that was given to
me for my kindness to animals."
s .. . I
Important as are the by-products od-
talned from com, the ultimate proaucw
of the corn kernel, starch ana glucose,
gro by far the most Important. Oluoose,
a hic, colorless sirup, la indeed very
generally known, snd has- a very hi
deserved popular reputation as an adult
rant, v .
As a matter of fact, tt Is not. broadly
speaking, an adulterant at all, but a
valuable commercial agent which ac
complish certain ends In candy making
and in the preparation of soda fountain
sirups, without being In the least injur
ious. Vast quantities or it are unea
yearly In making confectionery, pre
serves, and fruit sirups, partly because
It is more economical than ordinary
sugar, but quite as much because it la
better adapted to the purpose.
As a foundation material It takes any
flavor successfully; but unlike sugar It
doesn't erystallln- out afterward and
the confectionery will therefore keep
longer In, its original condition. The
objection mont commonly brought
against ,glupoie. that u mineral acid Is
used in producing Is altogether Irra
tional -
Tha actual aim mat of acid Is not more
than one poUml In a thousand, and even
this small amount must be quite neu
tralised, and so k 1 rid 'of, by the very
process of refh'lng. before the glucose
has reached tin- singe of perfection that
makes It a murketable commodity. '
An ordinary k.-niel of rorn. as .H
comes to the hihurntory,, contains., a
germ, or embi plant, surrounded by a
mass of cell contulnmg albuminous
matter and n-imrnte grains of starch.
These element, which practically nour
ish the little pi .nit germ somewhat as a
chicken is nourished In an egg, are really
the elements of u perfected food, protein
of which the nlilte of an egg Is a fa
miliar oxamnli' containing sugar,
march And fat.
Their preaeme is what gives the
kernel of corn o many commi'tvisl pos
slbiltles. And without going Into the
technicalities or production step tubs,
rolls, shakers, filter presses, starch runs,
or what not Hi" gradual evolution Of
these' different products Is an interesting
example of tlx- power of modern chem
ical mechanism to .struct a long list of
unexpected utilities out of a single
natural substance Sun. wind, rain, and
soil store up t (!.-- various utilities snd
modern humanity l always making
,new, quicker, ami better wtys of ex
tracting and applying them.
When the kernel of corn begins go
ing through its transforming processes
one of the. first results Is a separation of
the germ.,' The germs, separated snd
ground, are reduced to a pasty moss,
which Is Subjected to pressure and so
divided Into clear, yellowish oil on
the' one" hand, and dry, compact cakes
on the Other. The oil Is used In the
nfanufacture of soaps or Is vulcanised,
'mixed with bits of cork and ho trans- i
K!)
forded Into rubber mats or bicycle han
- Th 4rf cakes are largely exported
s cattle feed, the amount of protein
whloh they contain making them both
healthful and nutritious.- What Is left
after tha germ of tha corn has been
extracted, .continues on it way to tht
final and vastly more important ' pro
ducts,' starch and glucose.
;
But before the coj-n becomes starch,
two other by-products are produced, the
first being corn bran, or "wet feed" as
it Is called In factory" practice, and the
second gluten meal. Both of these pro
ducts . are .cattle foods, the gluten be
ing particularly rich In albuminous auk
stances and used, for example, for mix
ing with the regular food of, a dairy
farm in order to Improve the quality
and quantity of the milk. - ,
Qluten. Indeed, which In dried form
becomes gluten meal, and so goes to
the cows, is derived from the corn dur
ing the extraction of the starch that
oe to the big textile mills and there
plays an important part in the weaving
and dyeing of cotton fabrics, or else to
the confectioners, where thousands of
tons are used yearly as molds in which
to cast the candy animals that we see
so commonly at Christmas.
The grape sugar, so-called, which goes
4x the distilleries and becomes an Im-
wXnt fa ci or in the brewing Industry,
and eje concentrated, liquid glucnse
that goes to the confectioners and be
comes an Item In the manufacture of
confectionery, sirups, aim Jellies, are
both derived from starch by sn elab
orate chemical and refining treatment.
All these products are made by chem
ical reactions flrst csrefutly studied on
a small scale In theoretical laboratories,
ami then applied on a large one In big
manufacturing plants. Grape sugar,
so-called from Its general resemblance
to the sugar sometimes found on the
exterior of dried grapes, la an Ideal
fermenting sugar, and Is therefore much
used In the manufacture of sparkling
ales, the gases which it gives off dur- i
log rermetttatinn producing the neces
sary sparkle better than any other
agency.
And corn is also largely used In the
production of malt tof snd liquors,
which tJe their valuable properties to
malteThr mult sugar, derived by
cheTcal transformations from the
starch in grains.
An ordinary ear of corn contains many
Industrial possibilities even Including
corn-cob pipes and vulcanised rubber
mats for libraries and public buildings
mflny of which have been developed
Ohly during the last two decades.
The subject forms an Important field
or study in theoretical laboratories, as,
ior example, in me aiarcn and sugar
laboratories or the Mausachusetts Insti
tute or Technology, where it was first
made a matter of student investigation
I THE TOURISTS WHO ARE RUINING ITALY
SCORES B1NGER HERMANN
FOR TIMBER LAND DEALS
SCMPTER, May 3 To the Editor of
The Journal: No honest cttlsen. be he
a Republican, a Democrat, a populist, or
a Socialist, can conscientiously vote for
Blnger Hermann for Congress.
As I am not a politician, nor speak
ing for any political party or against it,
I must say as a cltisea and. advise oth
ers not to vote for Blnger Hermann.
Blnger Hermann has lost to Oregon
millions of dollars' worth of timber snd
lands throiigu willful neglect of bis
duties.
I know what I am speaking about, be
cause I have brought the timber frauds
of Oregon before the Department of the
Interior, and have forced the present in
vestigation in these frauds by reluctant
officers. I went through the Department
of the Interior in Washington, D. C, pre
sented evidence of the frauds, made In
quiries and made the most abominable
discoveries. I wrote to Blnger Hermann
and received letters from him and there
fore I am not ..talking through my hat.
AH the satisfaction I could get from
Blnger Hermann was that he referred
me to silent partners of the frauds; to
them he wanted me to hand my com
plaints. It was a case of sending one
from Herod to Pilate. I did not listen
to his advice but went to Washington to
Secretary Hitchcock and lodged my
complaint in due fornv th effect of
which everybody knows, and no one felt
the shock mora, than Hermann. ' Had I
listened to Hermann, timber stealing I
could, not have been stopped.
ground. Secretary Hitchcock cannot
handle the special timber frauds any bet
ter and cannot know any more about
them in their details than the post
master of Portland can handle person
ally every letter or know their contents.
Secretary Hitchcock was not slow to act
when Special eases were brought to him
personally. Blnger Hermann knew ex
offlelo the inside of the cases tainted with
frauds, but he never acted. He re
ferred me to the receiver of the local
land office, and Secretary Hitchcock re
ferred me to special agents from Wash
ington. Such wss the difference of ac
tion between the Secretary and Hermann;
not difference In form only but In sub
stance; one was willfully blind, the other
used searchlights.
Blnger Hermann was and is persona
non grata in Washington In general, and
especially with the present administra
tion. I was there and made It a point
to test the wires and I can say that to
elect Bmger Hermann to Congress Is a
disgrace to Oregon, a surprise to Wash
ington and an Insult to the present Re
publican administration, besides a pub
lid calamity.
Blnger Heraiaim, if elected, is not and
can not bo of any benefit to Oregon,
even if he wanted to, and those who
will vote for him are willfully Wind to
tneir own. interests.
It Is not my purpose to tell the pub
lie for whom to vote. As a Catholic
priest i nave no Interests in nartv noil
tics. I have no political friends, am not
1 do not want to make tho publio be- looking for political favors, as they are
Indiana the Tallest People.
In a comparative . table of stature.
arranged according to nationalities, the
United States Indian stands higher than
ny other race of the world, though the
'atagonian runs him , very cIobo. The
white citizen, comes next. The United
States negro ranks fourteenth In the
scale, and of all the countries of the
world considered the Portuguese 'are
found to be the Shortest. It hasalW4yS
been proverbial among anatomists that
blonde nations are greater than their
darker neighbors. This is- du to the
geological positions of the blood races.
They are characteristic of the North,
and on account of the lower degree of
temperature are induced to take more
exercise,- which throws them more. In
the open air. At the top of the list of
countries arranged in order of -stature the
first seven, after the United States white
men. are Norway, Scotland. British
America, Sweden, Ireland, Denmark and
Holland, all Northern nations. Detroit
Tribune.
. A Timely Semlttance.
Before a West Australian police court
recently the "scion of an old English
family" was charged wjth having in
sufficient means of support. He was re
manded, and while he was in the lockup
$500 was cabled him from tha -old coun
try. When the case was next called ac
cused explained wearily that the money
was a first installment of several thous
und dollars which had Just been: left. him
by an uncle.- He wag discharged. Syd
ney Bulletin
lieve these general, statements without
other proofs than my say-so. Any one
can go to any land office In Oregon, look
into the recorda which are exact copies
of what Blnger Hermann received and
his decisions and behavior favoring ap
parent frauds amounting to millions of
dollar's worth, anu that for many years,
gave Secretary Hitchcock just and press
ing reasons to give nermann a rree pass
to Oregon.
This Is Information to intelligent and
honest citizens and voters, and at the
same time a challenge to Blnger Her
mann that he willfully and knowingly
lost to the State of Oregon within his
term as land. Commissioner more than
10 Senators and. 10 Congressmen for 10
years can procure- for Oregon under the
most favorable, eircumstancea.
I challenge Blnger Hermann if he dares
to deny it. P am not bluffing, but look
ing for an issue. I am standing on solid
ox no value to me, but . since I have
looked into, the timber frauds, having
seen asKed to Ho so by poor people to
help to save their homesteads against
timber . apeculatoVa, I have found out
that Blnger Hermann was the main
cause' of this enormous and Irreparable
loss to tne state of Oregon, of untold
miseries of thousands of poor families
on honest homesteads, and of fabulous
wealth into the wrongful pockets of
soulless corporations.
If elected, he goes to Washington and
knows all-about the Inside business of
everything as some claim it Evidently
so, like the old experienced fox knows
the inside or the chicken cood,
Voters, ba Intelligent and conscien
tious, and do not vote for the man who
has o much hurt you and your child
rent put aside your feelings and follow
your sense when you vote.
''" " JOSEPH SCHBLL.
h3
PAY LARGER SALARIES.
Fraud and crookedness lit office are
becoming so alarming that the govern
ment miist take, decisive measures to
check them.
The general Wave of rascality has be-
kcome so widespread that public funds
are not seemingly safe anywhere. , In
army and navy: circles, in the Postofflce
Department, and especially in the United
States Land Offices, the official crooked
ness is startling.
What Is the cause or this tendency?
nearly ail traceable to the frantic ef
fort to live iast.
. What is the government going' to do
to improve the situation?
Good men command high salaries, ev
erywhere, today. The corporations pay
their, officials and attorneys such high
salaries that they kee, a great army
of the most able men in the country con
stantly engaged.
'
The freight and traffic managers are
paid double the salary of state officials,
and: the tendency in all private enter
prises la to pay good wages and keep
good men.
The government Is dragging along in
theold salary rut established when the
government was organized. Progress Is
sweeping by tne government official and
Why will a man 'steal publio funds who
before he became- a public servant would j he sees merit highly rewarded on every
scorn to rob nis neignoorr wny win
men risk, where they tiave everything
to lose ami nothing' to gain by crime?
It Is not necessary to search for a
cause.
a
This is a fast age Society makes de
mands upon officials which government
salaries cannot meet. Social functions
are imposed upon the official and he must
meet them elaborately or oe ostracised.
Ills family must keep up its appearance
and. maintain Its- social position, at
whatever cost.
To do this the insignificant govern
ment salary is stretched as far a Jt
will go, In the effort to keep up the mad
dening pace. . v f"
When the salary IS gone, the tempting
funds are drawn upon, perhaps not with
criminal intent at first, but in hopes of
meeting an emergency and "paying
back." .
The postofflce and army scandals are
hand
Congress- must awaken to the need
and urgency of the age. Every listed
salary in the government service should
be Increased. -
The surrender of social position or
dignity should not be forced upon men
who accept government positions. TRe
salaries paid in this . service should be
equal to the salary men of like abili
ties receive hj private enterprises.
It does not' stand that a low salary is
a temptation to every man to steal, for
there are , genuine men In every walk
in life; tO whom no temptation would be
fatal, but the government should pay
better salaries in order that good men
may e, attracted to such places perma
nently. Pendleton East Oregonlan.
Bxteftslve plans have been formulated
to develop tho great Mapimi and Cerritos
sulphur deposits in the, State of Durana-o,
Mexico; ' '--"'-
JBv Lilian Whitlrsr.i
FLORENCE. Italy. April 14.' 1 90S.-
Tho tide of foreign. visitors In Florence
perhaps never rose so . high aa this
soring. . All tha world Is here, and this
medieval old city Is gay with flashing
equipages and groups of algbtseera
strolling through the streets, , loitering
on the brilliant Tornabuonl. and along
the Quaint old ship of tha Lungo I'Arno
and on the Pont veccnio. ,
It is three years since t was laat In
Florence, and I find It very much
cha"hged. It haa lost much of tho aim
pllclty of the artistlo Italian town,
without gaining much In the way of latter-day
progress. Prices have ad
vanced in all directions,, and the Amer
ican who fancies he can thriftily pursue
both economy and beauty by establish
ing himself in Florence, had better re
gale himself with some definite facts
before he burns his boats behind him.
The cost of living is fully one-third
mi, a thnn i ra in lane; cah fares are
as high as In Londonf Which, of course,
Is cheaper than in 'America, but there
used to bo quite a margin of difference
between Florence and London, while
now there Is little, if any. All the little
souvenirs and trinkets and mementos
that one used to be able to pick up here
for comparatively small sums are now
marked up to exaggerated prices.
It is the American tourist season, and
the American tourist Is ruining Italy,
so far as expenses go. But, putting
aside this stratum of practical facts, the
loveliness and charm hold one en-'
tranced as, ever. It is always a danger-
ou:i experiment to put one's illusions to
the test. An illusion is something to be
cherished snd guarded. It Is like that
ross in the hand of the effigy of the
Duchess of Richmond in a glass cose in
Westminister Aooey, wnicn uas oeen
framed, for a long perron; it Is a real
rose. II ut If the ulr for an Instant
readied it the rose would crumble to
dust.
An illusion is liable t.us to dissolve
and disappear, if it be brought to a real
test, and for the most part when one
has Hm-iI through enchanted qays In
some spot he would be wise never to go
to It again, but keep his memory-pictures
Inrtead. It is not. perhaps, that
the si cues change, but that we change.
Alan, our memories may retrace
hln h circumstance of time and placer
Season and scene come back again.
And outward things unchanged remain.
Ourselves we cannot reinstate.
Ourselves we cannot re-create;
Nor set our souls to the same key
Of the un remembered harmony.
In no other lurge city In Italy, how-,
ever, Is the historic past so much In
evidence as in Florence. Rome is be
oomlnc modern, or. rather, , there Is a
modern Home.
The visitor In Florence goes the fa
mallar rounds to the L'ffitl and the Pitts
galleries to Piazza Vecchio. the convent
of San Marco, the wonderful old church
of Santa Croce, the Valhalla of Flor
ence; Into the vast spaces pf the Du
omo. and finds all his familiar treasures
untouched by the passing years. Cos
lmo left on Florence an Impress that
the ages have never effaced.
He created a new aristocracy; he con
quered Siena In 1&5S, and with all his
vices he did much for the progress of
science and letters. The church and
convent of San Marco are one of the
most Interesting points of pilgrimage.
It Was here (In 14811) that Savonarola
began to expound the Apocalypse, and
here that the paintings of Fra Angelico
seem to make the unseen world a living
reality. It was Cosimo I. who,' at his
own expense, had the convent of San
Marco -rebuilt ana he gave to it a great
collection of valuable manuscripts,
which are shown today to the visitor.
The great attractions of the monas
tery, however, are in the association of
Savonarola, and as the world's treasure
house of the works of Fra Angelico.
One of the most ImpresBlve of these Is
the "Annunciation." In which the Ma
donna Is represented sitting, leaning
forward eagerly, to receive the mes
sage of the archangel, who advances
enveloped in a white robe, and with out
spread wings; outside a garden is seen,
and the quiet light of evening Is per
vaded by a sense of holy calm,
t a
The Inscription on this fresco runs, In
translation, "When thou Shalt have
come before the image of the spotless
virgin, beware lest by negligence the ave
be silent." The frescoes representing
the Adoration of the Magi, and the
Agony In the Oarden are wonderful in
their haunting power, and theyshow,
too, how far more ethereal in his con
ceptions was Fra Angelico than other
artists who have painted these subjects.
His. was the vision. His command Of
color is a very dream of loveliness.
Florence is almost equally divided .by
the River A mo and the old stone bridges
that span the river add much to the
picturesque appearance of the city. The
eastern half is on a plain; the Western
rises on hills, of which Bellosguardo and
San Mlniato are the principal heights.
Santa Croce, "the recognised shrine of
Italian genius," is a vast and Impressive
church. "On the pavement beneath our
feet," writes one critic, "lie effigies of
grave Florentine citizens, friars of note,
prelates, scholars, warriors, in their
robes of state or of daily life; in the
Franciscan garb or In armor, with arms
folded across their . breasts, or still
clasping the books they loved and wrote,
with their swords by their side or their
hands folded in prayer--here the fig
ures lie. In their long Sleep have they
dreamed aught of the movement which
has led Florence to raise tablets to the
names of Cavour and Mazsini upon these
walls? The tombs on the floor of the
nave are mostly of the fourteenth and
fifteenth -centuries; the second, from the
central door Is that of Galileo del Gal
ilei, like the other scholars lying with
his hands folded across the book on his
breast, the ancestor of the immortal as
tronomer: 'This Galileo of the Galilei
was, in his time, the head of philosophy
and medicine; who also in the highest
magistracy loved the republic marvel
ously.' About the middle of the nave
Is the tomb of Florence on an embassy
from Henry V.. of England to Pope
Martin V in' 1419.'. . ' "
'But those on the floor at the end of
the right side and In the short right
transept are the earliest and most in
teresting to the lover of early Florentine
history; notice, for instance, the knight
ly tomb of a warrior of the great Ghib
elllne house of the Ubaldlni, dated 1368,
at the foot of the steps to the chapel at
the end of the right transept; and there
is a similar one. only less fine, on the
opposite side, Larger and more preten
tious tombs and monuments of more re
rent date, to the heroes of Italian life
and. thought, pass in series along the
side walls of the whole church, between
the altar3 of the south and north (right,
and left) aisles.
Over the central door, below the win
dow whose stained glass is said to have
been designed by Gliibertl, is Donatello's
bronze statue of King Robert's canon
ized brother, the Franciscan Bishop, St.
Louis of Toulouse. ' This St. Louis,
the patron saint of the Parte, Guelfa, had
been ordered by the captains of the party
for their niche at San Mlchele in Orto,
from which he was irreverently banished
Shortly after the-restoration of Cosimo
dei Medici, when the : Parte Quelfo waa ,
J6roe4 to surrender its niche."
' There, is the sculptured tomb of Mich
ael Angelo; the aiab in the floor undef
which rest the ashes of Galileo; th
great' monument to Dante, whose body
was entombed In Ravenna, and on it ia
a sonnet by Michael Angelo, which Job!
Addington flymonda thus translated:
From Heaven his spirit came, and, robetf
'- in clay, .
The realms of Justice and of mercy
trod; .
Then rose a living man to gasa on God,
lhat he might make the truth as cleat
as day.
or that pure star that brightened with
, mu
, Tha undeserving nest where I waa
born.
Tha whole wide World would be a
prise to scorn;
None but his. Msker can due guerdon
pay. . , , ., . .
I speak of Dante, whose high work re-'
Unknown, unhonored by that thankless
brood
Whn ntilv a 4 .... . a . .
W. . , . 'i wiiiiy I lien wnu
ere I but he! Born for like lingering,
Against his exile coupled with his JZt
Uage ttng tne world's besriar.
The chapels In Santa Croce contain
wonderful old frescoes. One (of tht
martyrdom of St. Lawrence) is describee
as the work of Bernardo Dadrii tha
painter of the famous fresco in tha
Ssnta Campo at Piss, called "The Laat
Judgment and the Triumph of Death.?
All these Imply a certain Dantesau
selection." says one writer; "these sub
jects nre among the example quoted tot
purposes of meditation or admonition la
the Divlna Commedla." The colored ter -r-ootta
relief Is by Giovanni della Rob-
bin.
"The frescoes of the choir, by Angel
Gaddl, are smong the finest works ol
Giotto's school. They set forth the his
tory of the wood offithe true- crnsa,
which, according to the legend, was a
shoot of the tree of Eden planted by
Beth on Adam's grave; the Queen of
Sheba prophetically adored It, when she
came to visit Solomon during the 'jaiUd'
Ing of the temple; cast Into the pftmf
Bethesda, the Jews dragged It out
make the cross for Christ; then, after if
had been burled on Mount Calvarv foi
three centuries, St. Helen discovered II
by its power of raising the dead to Ufa,
These subjects are set forth on rh
right wall; on the left, we have the tak
ing of the relic of the cross by tha
Persians under Chosroes. and its recov
ery by the Emperor-Heracllus.
"In the scene where the Emperor bare
footed carries the eross Into Jerusalem,
the painter has introduced his own por
trait, near one -of tire gates of the city,
with a small beard and a red hood. Vas-
arl thinks poorly of these frescoes; but
the legend of the true cross Is of soma
Importance to (he student of Dante,
hose profound allegory of the church
and empire In the earthly paradise, at
the close of the purgatorlo, is to soma
extent based upon it.
The two gothic chapels to the right
of the choir contain Giotto's frescoes
both chapels were originally entirely
painted by him rescued from the white
wash under which they were dlseOvered.
and, in part at least, most terribly restored.
"The frescoes In the first, the Bardl
Chapel, illustrating the life of St. Fran
cis, have suffered most; all the peculiar
Glottoesque charm of face has disap
peared, and. Instead, the restorer haa
given us monotonous countenances, al
most deadly In their uniformity and ut
ter lack of expression. Like all me
dieval frescoes dealing with St. Fran
cis, they should be read with the Florettl
or with Dante's 'Paradlso.1 or with one
of the lives of the Seraphic Father in
our hands.
"Opposite, left, the body Is surround
of the world In the presence of his father
and the Bishop of Asslssl: on the right
the confirmation of the order by Pope
Honorlus; on the left, the apparition of
St Francis to St Antony of Padua; on
the right, St. Francis and his followers
before the Soldan In the ordeal of fire;
and, below It, St Francis on his death
bed, with the apparition to the sleeping
Bishop to assure him of the truth of
the stigmata.
'Opposite, left, the body is surround
ed by weeping friars, the incredulous
Judge touching the wound in the side.
while the simplest of the friars, at the
saint's head, sees his soul carried up to
heaven In a little cloud. This conception
of saintly death was, perhaps, origin
ally derived from Dante's dream of Beat
rice In the Vita Nuova: 'I seemed to
look 'toward heaven, and to behold a mul
titude of angels who were returning
upward, having before them an exceed
ingly white cloud; and these angels were
singing together gloriouply.' It became
traditional In early Italian painting.
"On th-- window wall are four great
Franciscans. St. Louis the King (whom
Dante does not seem to have held I
honor), a splendid figure, calm and not
in one nana tne scepter and in the oiM e
the Franciscan cord, hl royal robeTe-
sprinkled with the golden lily bf France."
Slttlgnano, a little suburb In the hills
Some three miles from the Uuomo, Is be
coming n very fashionable resort. It is
here that Michael Angelo passed his
childhood, and among the latter-day
owners of villas in this romantic spot
are d'Annunzio and Mme. Duse, whose
villas are near together in a beautiful
locality overlooking Florence.
. Here the well-known woman sculptor
of Florence, Miss Zara Malcolm Free
borne, has also recently purchased a vil
la which she has made into the most
charming of places In which to loaf fd
invite one's soul. With the grettt dome
of the Duomo, and the towers of Santa
Croce, of Palazzo Veccln, the dome of
San Lorenzo, and other towers and tur-
Lrels shining out of the faint blue mist
tnui onen lies uae a iranspaieni. veil
over Florence; and with the cflLtle
crowned peaks of hills all aroundlr
villa, the location might indeed well eljk
chant the eye of an artist. Miss Fre-T
borne has the entire first floor of a pal
ace in the city for her suite of studios
and her home which she' makes a center
of brilliant social life but it is to her
Villa, in Slttlgnano that she chiefly loves
to flee for solitude-and the inspirations
that only come in solitude.
Miss" Helen Zimmerman of London,
who has found a niche In which to live
on the highest floor of the old Acclabla
palace on the Lun I'Arno, gives courses
of lectures -on the old Italian painters,
which are a very attractive feature of tha
city life.
The daughter , of William Wetinore
Story, the Marchesa Feruszi. Is a resi
dent of Florence, and in her widow's
weeds came Into the afternoon service
in Sancta Trinlta a day or two since,
where many American visitors had also
gone to hear a famous French priest who
is giving a series of Lenten discourses,
and whose impassioned eloquence re
minded one 'of Phillips ferooke, Mme. .
PerUzzl Is, practically, -an Italian" lady.
Italy is her native country, and she
would feel herself an alien and stranger
In Boston and Cambridge, the home of
her father and the'-hbme of her grand
father, Judge Btory. whose' name Is still
among the traditions of the university
city. -. '
laV