v TItE ' OREGON DAILY- JOTONAIV -TOBTiAto. 8 190
SUPPRESSION OF
rssMiacassBssaassEsssaatissxitaxaitEaccissysssaisi"
SPOKANE PAPERS,
S:, ' vt.', . ... r ,
'.- . ... ,
BY MUNICIPAL
ne ..Thing
ARE BADLY
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INFECTION' : ;
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IV
NEEDED
at a Time
The1 Railroads Are Negotiating for the Purchase
, A ofjhe Spokesman-Review in Order
. ; to Help Ont Ankeny
SPOKANE, Dec. 8. The rumor It currant her today that. President
Farrell, of th Paclfro Coast Steamship Company, 4a wcgottating f or th pur
chase of the Spokesman-Review ana Ita afternoon edition, th Spokane
Chronicle. If he I successful thes paper wiM be turned to the support of
tevl Ankeny, whom they are now opposing for tha office of United States
Senator. - -
6).. ..
' SEATTLE, Dec ' 8. Ther li tory
current here that President F- . H. Far
rell of th Paclno Coast Steamship Com
pany la negotiating for th purchase of
th Spokane Spokesman-Review and th
Chronicle, th afternoon edition of th
first namad paper rarrell 1 well
known railroad and commercial man. and
has before been menUond prominen tly a
likely to succeed President Mellen of the
Northern Paclno Railroad Company: This
fact has led to th declaration from cer.
tain sources that th. railroad Interest
lav furnished capital to purchase and
control th bis; Spokane dallies in order
that they may be diverted from their
present anti-railroad policy and turned to
' th support o Levi Ankeny for election
to th position of United State Senator
te .sucoeed Oeorge Turner, present Deroo
cratls Incumbent
In addition there la the semi-official an
ftounoament that rarrell is ahortly to
uceeed President Mellon at the head of
th Northern Pacific system. The latter
news comes from New York City and i
Bald to be authentic.
; : RAILROAD MOVE SHREWD.
'Tn complete control of the 8ea,ttJo
Time, the leading- newspaper Of th Btate
of Washington, the railroad workers in
thelrvtrsent campaign for domination
of the state political situation and defeat
f the McBrlde commission bill, find
themaeive opposed and -opposed strong-ly-r4n
the' Eastern aectlon of the state
br th Spokesman Review and the other
Taper published by th same concern, the
Bpokaa Afternoon Chronlole. t Tooth and
to nail. In every way that a newspaper
can. the Spokane press ha fought' the
railroad and Ankeny. their candidate.
iov. McBrid has been riven ttve strong
est support possible 'to hi efforts to
raus hi pet scheme, tha commission bill,
to be enacted and hU every uturano on
this aubject has beert faithfully chronl-
. ; i in Fight
Secretary Root Will Make Decision
' " Tomorrow-Who " Will Get
, ; Transportation Contract?
- ' Portland must aid San Francisco. In its
fight with the Government to readvertise.
for bids for the transportation of men
sad supplies to and from tha Philippines,
, Bay those who know. This Is the only
practical chance which' Portland now has
to get any part of the Government trans
port service and thereby the trade of the
. Orient.;, - . ,Y; " .
This matter will be taken up at a meet
ing of the trustees of the chamber of
commerce tomorrow morning.
- 'Seattle is. making a very strong fight
for the, trade , and there Is no time to
lose, as Secretary of War Root makes his
" decision tomorrow 'afternoon.
- HELPING? FRISCO.
i,ATbs greaiest capitalists' of tinr ewtttry-
ar--representing -San Francisco' In' "Its
fight ' for readvertlsihg. Paul Morton,
president of the Santa, Fe, representing
the Gould interests; E. H. Harrlman. of
, th Vna.'a Pacific; Stubbs of the South
ern Pacific, and Senator Perkins of Cali
fornia, are all fighting for, San Francisco.
If ; Portland would aid there is probably
no doubt that Seattle cannot keep up the
T fight" alone-"'" ,.
If anything Is done, action must be
quick, as Frank Waterbouse of Seattle
is in Washington now and no doubt has
had a . conference with Secretary Root.
Besides Ur. Waterhouse, there is at
Washington working for Seattle J. J.
Hia .
TTTilSCO CHAMBER HUSTLING.
The San Francisco Chamber of Com
merce Is workhiK with might and main
It has offered to purchase the transports
- from the Government in eae it decided
to. abandon, that service. This Is m-t by
the Boston Steamship Company of Seat-
.,-44-w4Ui-he t4Bt 4it -it l- wWHng
to : glv i tllr i-ic,e for the two best
As is. seen, the largest interests In the
country are working In this matter and
tha question remains:
- Who WiH et the contract?
FIRE AT SEA.
' NEW .STORK, Dec. 8 'Word has been
. reolT4 -et 4he-brnig at of -the
FrttK-Wn tajnahfp' Tstrtar Th'e
rw jndpassenjjerti werc saved.
V ULTDSIATUM GIVEN.
' tONDON, Dec, 8, The German-British
ultimatum a preseated to Venezuela
' at Carracas at S o'clock esterday after
noon. " " "
f ARIERY BURNS.
' RTOOWAT. Pa., Dec. 8. TJie Engle
Tannery was destroyed by fire yesterday,
the total loss being $400,009.
Military and
OviHan -Tailor
' fiorthsast Cor. Third and Stark 6ta.
Alir II I WfT.
ii rf naiii r
U L U Mill
: f . : . -
m mot ffi
f: ...... .IMsflRMUR
niiiT
Second Floor.
PORTLAND, OR.
cled and Intelligently magnified by the
Spokesman -Jieview and Its coworker, the
Ctironkl.
Recognising that these newspapers have
accomplished more than appears on the
surface toward the furtherance of the
causa of McBrlde and Harold Preston,
the anti-railroad senatorial candidate, the
lines hav come to the conclusion that the
beet thins- to do In order to carry through
their plans without th ,possIbll!ty of a
hitch Is to buy tip the opposition uud turn
It to their own ends.
NOT ANKENY MONEY.
The money that It Is rumored is being
put forward for th purchase of tha Spo
kane papers is not Ankeny money; it i
furnished by J. J. Hill and Wi constitu
ent. Th Ankeny senatorial candidacy
Is only a small portion of the general
railroad scheme that la being- worked out.
The defeat of the commission bill In the
main object. That the railroad managers
are (determined to accomplish, if millions
hare to be expended In the effort, for
they realise that this Is the supreme-teat,
and that If they establish their power
now It will not again be seriously con
tested in years.
Tlie policy of th Siokane papers, sine
they came into the hands of their pres
ent management, has been to oppose iv
erythlng that smacked of favoring the
railroads. This wss lnthe face of the
fact that -Spokane uwed its -very exlst
ence to the business brought by and the
enterprise of the roads running In there.
It is held here that with the Seattle
Times to exert Hs influence on the west
side of the mountains, the Spokesman
Review and the Chronicle In the North
west and the Walla Walla Union In the
Southwest, the railroads would -Jiave
strong representation from .the state
press and would be placed in a much
more tenable position then Is at present
occupied. ' :'
RAILROAD
1 IS THANKED
CenTraf " AlS'ina "KesMents
'3";ZlStifffs;".r;.
Pass
SAY THE CITY IS TOO POOR
Board of Trade Also Offers Reward
for Arrest of Bad Boys.
At the last meting f the Central Al-
bum Board of Trade the following reo!u- I
tlon was read: 5
Whereas, 'the City of Portland Is tooy
poor or too indifferent of the welfare of
some of its cltlsens to repair the bridge
at Montgomery gulch or to furnish lights
so as to make it safe .to cross said bridge
after dark, and
Whereas, th City A Suburban Railway
Company has at Its own expense re
paired the said bridge beneath the car
tracks, so that our people do hot have td
make the dangerous and disagreeable
transfer, be It
Resolved, That we extend to said com
pany, a Vote of thanks as an expression
of our appreclatloS." V
The residents of that portion of the
city are very wrathy over the action of
,tlw,.CoueU .yxJsnurisig UwtSwBectloK and.J
-say-that som-step-wm be'talren .against
the opposing counclimen.
The secretary read a communication
from the Alblna Improvement Associa
tion asking the board's do-operatlon In
Securing another ferry In Alblna. A large
number of the members present thought
that a bridge would be the. beat but if
that could not be secured, that all would
Join hands in .aklng for the. ferry.
The committee In charge of ths Pro
posed entertainment for the benefit of
f?lie Boys' Brigade, reported that they
thought it advisable to postpone the en
tertainment unto after the holidays. This
the board finally agreed to do. '
Considerable discussion was held over
the action of a large number of boys who
had a habit of destroying proiierty In that
section of the city and it was agreed by
thoH- present at the meeting that the
board ofTer a reward Of from 11 to 10
for the conviction of any boy found
guilty of a misdemeanor. The secretary
was instructed to notify the chief of po-Hre-to
thar-effertt '--t
In a motion the Portland Railway Com
pany was asked to consider the question
of building their proposed line on Falling
street.
It was said that a large number of
property owners on the street had begun
the work of Improving that thoroughfare
with gravel on the representation ofone
of the officials of the road that the 'line
would be built.
SENATE'S WORK.
WASHINGTON. Dec. 8 The Senate
took up the Immigration bill on motion
of Mr. Peuroee this morning. The House
ways and meanscommlttee has voted to
recommend a resolution providing a holi
day recess from December 20 to January
5. in,'
PAPAIBULLr
WASHINGTON. Dec. 8 A papal bull
Is soon to be msued in the Philippines by
Mbnslgneur Ouldl, the new delegate. It
Is expected Ita effect will be marked.
A ROYAL GIFT,
NEW YORK, Dec. 8. Amos J. Cum
mings. late Congressman from this state,
has willed his extensive library to the
home of the International Typographical
Union at Colorado Sprlnga
' I -
Importance of Mamtaining a Pure Food Supply Discussed
by New York, Health Commission - v
Ernst J. Lederle, Ph. D., Commissioner
of Heailth tff New York City, recenOy
wrote for the North American Review
an article On 'Municipal Suppression of
Infection and Contagion," which is - es
pecially germane to Portland's discussion
of measures fur the -eradication of im
pure roods from the supply furnished
people here. Mr.- Lederle is perhaps as
good authority as this country affords.
His cemmcnt are commended to Fort
landers and oregonlans, who are coun
seled to rend them with care arid" toap
ply them to local conditions:
"Modern conditions of life, more es
pecially in great cities, have brought to
the medical scientist and sanitarian a
multitude of new problems In hygiene.
Many of these problems have already
been solved, lii great measure as a re
xult of progress In bacteriological study.
The knowledge of hygienic principles
gained by the scientific; world In recent
years has made of an empiric study an
"exact one. has lengthened the span of
existence for every civilised being, and
hus sa,ved the slate in uman lives tflie
equivalent of millions of dollars annually.
Yet men Mire only beginning to compre
hend the great possibilities -for the pro
motion of the health of the world which
,11 )n the study of preventive medicine.
The City of Havana is a sinning ex
ample of what can be done in a short
time. Htnee the American occupation,
its duh rate has been reduced to that
of New York. The twentietB century Is
likely to see the ounce of preveentlon'
sysfpm displace more and more the
'pound of cure' plan which has burdened
previous centuries. Preventive measures
seem to be progressing fitr, In almost
every direction, than disease can spread;
and, as a result of knowledge In these
mUKr.,-:Humber tof.,nc &riiUdaWe
ailments have quite lost their terrors for
the physician. New discoveries in pre
ventive medicine are constantly coming
to light, and the world may one day
have at hand a remedy for most. IT not
all, of the diseases which now afflict hu
manity. ... .
"No branch of medical learning has
progressed faster than the -study of the
infectious diseases. Many diseases long
suspected to resemble In their origin
those knpWn to be Infectious and com-)
munlcable, have been definitely deter
mined to be suoh. Others, which, within
thd lifetime of physicians still In active
practice, were by none believed to.be
communicable, have been definitely es
tablished, as belonging to the Infectious
class. In all research of this character,
the bacteriologist has been the discoverer.
-The -lsnlKtlon - t.9rtaio bacteria .ech,
the cause of some diseases, has by de
grees established one after another dis
eas'jas communicable. The next step
was. to note that patients who recover
from many of ths infectious diseases
rarely convrwrt--te gakb ,thJ e
. . . i V.n 4h.t 4
rinservanon i'u'-.i i 1 i" j
the human body itself acquires soma
antitoxin which not only kills the bac
teria of the disease, but provides Immu
nity against future attacks. When this
Theory was established beyond question
for a number of the communicable dis
eases, tha leaders ul bacteriological study
at onco set about the artificial produc
tion of these mysterious immunizing
Bgnts. Success has rewarded their ef
forts in a sufficient number of Instances
to warrant the belief that all communi
cable diseases may one day be prevented
In this way.
"With all the facts which might be ad
duced to show the efficacy of preventive
medicine. It seems strange that there are
still persons who object to the use of se
rums in disease. A hundred years ago.
It was regarded as only normal if small
pox, every year, was responsible for 150
out of every thousand deaths. Nowa
days however, under compulsory vac
cination, smallpox claim only five to ter
in enob, thousand. -What was begun with
smallpox serum has been extended to
other disease , Between the eoch-mak-ing
discoveries of Jenrier and ' those of
Pasteur snd Koch, there was a lapse of
80 years, during which It may Have seem
ed "to the lavmsn that, no progress was
made; but knowledge of various antl
texina I growing rapidly, and the sucr
eessfuf nse.of three or four. In" common
employ now for several years, may oe
followed .very soon by the production of
otnr tniirliuKfzlng.serunis. At TC events,
the theorv is established. Of the com
mon forms of disease, it Is true fhat the
only complete success recently attained
has been In the treatment of diphtheria;
but In the last five years the death rate
In cities using Jthe serum has been re
duced to less than one half of the low
est death rate recorded before the dlSi
covery of the diphtheria, antftoxln. Par.
tlal success has been attatned 1n -IthjcuIsa'
tlon against cholera and the plague: but
of the two or three" most fatal communi
cable diseases no satisfactory, serum has
yet been found.
"In default u specific aid from the bac
teriologist, the sanitarian turns to hy
gienic principles In order to prevent the
spread of diseases. Especially is this
true in the treatment of contagious dis
eases in the great cities. In the rural
districts, where there Is room for every
man to move about without jostling his
neighbor, where there Is pure air for all,
and where the standard of living is high
enough to embrace' some, at least, of
the cardinal" prim-tptes of santtAtioff, In "
fcctlous diseases have less opportunity
to gain a foothold. But In the cities, (he
public medical adviser has to care,
among others, for a great tenement populationill-housed.
Ill-nourlshea. bred In
the foul air of the slums; above all, Ig
norant of the laws of cleanliness and of
right living, and willing to go to any
lengths to hide the evidences of disease
from the municipal physicians. Suf-h
hnk.knov nothlntr of the cause of con-
ta(rton and ert rrsptmetr-Mity' if they
spread dijjease: m tact, tne very ones
who from their situation should be most
careful of the health of their neighbors,
are really least so.
"But those In the poor tenements are
more sinned against Mian sinning, forjhe
greed of landlords often stands In the
way of better-housing for the people. In
New York, the devoted labor of sani
tarians Interested in Improving tenement
conditions "'"lt', lnf ygsr n tho pse. I
sage of a law governing the construction
of tenements, and -requiring that they be
more attention te the sanitary 4
built with
need? of their occupants. But, at the fol-.
lowing session, the Legislature was be
sli'ged by greedy landlords', and It re
quired all the efforts of the tenement
house, seconded by the board of health,
to prevent the passage of- amendments
which would have quite emasculated the
law. and led to the construction, in 'The"
newer sections of the city, of aform of
tenements calculated to perpetuate AlUhe
evils now existing in the elder slums.
While tt U not generally known. It mar
be stated her that. In some of the older
wards in' New York City, there are acres
of land which hold between 700 and 800
people each; th. most thickly populated
acre In the Old SKorlqV. by way of com
parison, ii said' to be one in Prague,
which 'accommodates' 485 people. Tho
average density of populution In the
whole of Manhattan Island is greater
than In any other city of the civilized
world; that Is because three fourths of
the population live In tenements, piled
tier on tier, to th. skies,
"it Is an accepted tact that an In
creased death rat la an almost inevitable
concomitant of increase, density of pop
ulation. Tlie'Reghttrar-Gneial of Eng
land, some years ago, showed that,
whereas the mean ''death rate per 1,000
In a district With only m person per
square mile was W.75 per I.uuo, It was
38.62 per 1,000 in district where, there
Were 6.,000 persona per" square mile. For
the former section, (the mortality of
children under five years was 37 per 1,000,
while for the latter it was I3s per 1,000
pftlful evidence, Indeed, as to the ex
pectation of life for the children of in
tenements in our cities.
"Extremely important In the suppres
sion of contagion Is a proper municipal
supervision of tha meat, milk and water
supply oJ th. people. The extent to
which this can be carried Is shown by
the fact that about ten million pounds
of foodstuffs are annually seized and de
stroyed by th - New York Board of
Health. It Is unnecessary to cite her
tho shocking disclosures of recent years
with regard to th prevalence of tuber
culosis (n cattle, and the possible iden
tification of human and bovine tubercu
losis. Efforts to secure the destruction
of. tuberculous beef., in the New YorK
mrkeU.aje.e.jwyen..the. spread,
"of the disease through, the milk of in
fected animals, have resulted In a fairly
satisfactory measure of co-operation be
tween the New York Health Hoaj-d and
those of neighboring states; otherwise.
It would have been impossible for the
New York Board to exercise any control
over sources of possible contagion out
side of its own jurisdiction. As It is,
there is a careful Inspection of all meat
sent Into the city, and carcasses found
to be tuberculous are Immediately de
stroyed. .;'''
"Milk inspection. In the Interest of a
pure supply, plays an Important part In
the efforts to check communicable dis
ease. This inspection ; should be begun
at the dairies and stables, where tha
bacteria found In milk first have an op
portunity to breed. -The milk ducts of
a cow often giv-fT thousafis of . tee"
tefia to each cubic centimeter of milk;
thousands of others , are added In the
process ol milking, eapeclnlly if the cow's
udder and the attendant's hands are not
rlMn Tt la fVun that few of theuft hfLp-
ferla arw dliwtty prodfitfJiftWof TOmrtf-4
cable disease, but a, Tiatnber of kinds
so modify the milk In their development
as to' render It Injurious to the consumer.
It Is Impossible to secure raw milk in
any amount which is absolutely free from
bacteria. The specifications for rallk sup
plied to the contagious-disease hospitals
under the control of t!he New York Board
of Health call for a milk which contains
not more than 60,000 baoterla, per cubio
centimeter, except in the months of May,
June, July and August, ,when the limit
is 100,000 bacteria per chblo centimeter;
milk of this standard Is of recognized
high quality. All milk dealers In New
York City carry on business under per
mits revocable at the pleasure of the
health board. Infectious diseases, not
only tuberculosis, diphtheria, scarlet fe
ver and typhoid, are not infrequently
transmitted In milk which has been con
taminated either at the dairy or In the
stores of retailers where disease has oc
curred. It Is important that the vender
shftll not keep or store milk In any room
used for sleeping or domestic purposes,
or opening on such rooms. Stringent
rules must also be enforced regarding the
transfer of milk from can to bottles on
streets or at ferries or depots, and for
the protection of milk receptacles from
the dust and Impurities of streets.
'Contamination of milk" with typhoid
germs results -from the; of Tnfeeted
water In washing the cans -or other uten
sils! But typhoid fever It tnor eommonly
transmitted by the .iM-rwii. contamination.
-of -frater opptis. 'The health- am tbori tlra
of New York City long sine stopped the
use of all shallow wells -on Manhattan
Island, but typhoid outbreaks still oc
cur In localities where th water used
by the inhabitants Is subject to sewage
contamination. Notable in this respect
iwaa the outbreak in Philadelphia four
fr-ears ago; about three times th usual
rinmbfr of cases of typholdwere record
ed during the epidemic, and of these some
65 per cent, were found in a section of
the city "containing only on fifth of the
total population. On tracing th sources
of Infection, it was found thai all these
cases were due to the aecidental over
flow of .a sewer Into th Schuylkill River
at a point Just above the Intake of on
of the reservoirs. The lesson la obvious,
especially when sanitarian recall that
in cities like Munich or Vienna- which
draw their waters from pure mountain
springs, the deaths from typhoid number
only four in each ino.mo of population,
while in cities like Philadelphia, Wash-
ngtefl-, Albamy rPt lBhnr, -Cincinnati and-.
Lruisville, Which still use, water rrom .
wella in populous districts, and from
rivers known to be polluted "With sew
age, the death rate from typhoid aver
ages 60 per 100,000. , . ,
"Perhaps the greatest opportunity
which is offered to the municipal sani
tarian to promote the health and happi
ness of mankind, lies in measures to pre-,
vent the spread of tuberculosis; but, un
"hsoollv, there Is no opportunity to which
i.ctties'have lWt'Wb!tnd,r:1lti!W'-
emments In the United States wnifn,
have-thus far adopted effective prophylac
tic systems may be niymt?d-n the-lingers
of one hand, arid this . In . snite of
the fact that' the nudleal profession ?s
well aware of the wonderful results' which
follow radical preventive measures.
Tuberculosis takes a way .front a" quar
ter to a third of the persons who sicken
and die during the best and most pro
duetlve period of life andjret1t jjias
been shown in New York City., to go no
further eneio. that the spread or tnis
disease Is readly. rreveWable, If proper
tivvinnlr- measures are (taken. ' The hv-
gicnlc measures, wheni.ntly' practiced,
should cover all the places where con
sumptlve persons may have been the
home, the public conveyance, the fac
tory, the store and even .the public
streets. The p1anf safeguarding the
general public against tuberculosis, as tt
Is tvovr in operation in - New York City,
has already -produced such remarkably
good results that it Is--difficult to sew
bow any Important city in the) land can
fall to adopt similar, or even rigorous,
measures. The ordinance which brought
pulmonary tuberculosis under the con
trol of the New York Board of Health
was not adopted until 1S97, althougK rec
ommended hearty ten years prior to that
time. Th diaeaaa was then declared In
fectious and oommunloable, and every
physician Jn the city waa required to re
port In writing the name, addreas, occu
pation, etc., of every person Buffering
from tuberculosis, who had com under
the' observation of the Dhysician. Fur-
thermoro. every person suffering" from
the disease, and every person Jn attend
ance upon any ona-so Buffering, was by
this, ordinance required to observe and
enforce all the rules of the "board f
health which aim to prevent the. spread
of tuberculosis. The adoption of the
compulsory notification requirement raised
a storm of protest from the various medi
cal bodies in New York City, but without
avail; and the results have already shown
the wisdom of th. procedure, wntie an
the leading physicians are now, heartily
In accord with the plan.
Compulsory hot ideation 'is. the keynote
of the system. It gives opportunity at
once for the necessary sanitary measures.
Inspectors from the Board of Health are
enabled thus ,to visit tenement houses,
lodging-houses, hotels, etc., and Instruct
the consumptives as to the necessary pre
cautions to be taken for their own good,
as well as for the safety of persons about
them. Disinfection, and what Is still
more efficacious, -complete renovation of
all premises where a death from tubercu
losis has occurred, are. when necessary,
ordered bj the Board of Health: and ad
vanced cases are moved to hospitals (with
their own consent) so far as it Is posalble
to provide hospital accommodations.
Many opportunities also arise for the re
moval io rural sanitariums of persons
who have" recently" contracted the" disease."
In this way the Board of Health s able
to follow up each tuberculous case at the
home, or the workshop, or office, and
protect the patient's neighbors from in
feetion.v. Registration facilitates satisfac
tory supervision over the disease, and
helps the Board of Health to discern
where the chief efforts should be put
forth. For example, it has thus been
shown that, in several separate blocks In
the lower part of the city, more than 100
cases of tuberculosis have occurred within
five years; and there are certain houses in
New York which have had 20 and 30
cases in that time. One of the blocks In
the Chinese quarter, with a population
of 2,100 persons, had more than 200 cases
of tuberculosis in five years; and it Is
lkely that the number f-eported would
have been larger had the system of regis
trars -then-been amplet- -U la.
now. i
Tn adldtion to t,he Inspection arid reno
vation "of house: where tuberculosis cases
have occurred, much Is being done to
restrain people who spread infection by
' sEpctre.onI It heser shown
conclusively that a ipltter" who-is miff er-
Ing from a disease of the respiratory
tract may. If allowed to continue his ope
rations without control, provide infective
material for hundreds, if not thousands,
of persons during the slow progress of his
disease. It seems probable that a num
ber of diseases besides consumption are
transmitted In this way. It Is for this
reason, even more than on the score of
public decency, that drastic measures are
taken to restrain the man who spits lol
public places. In New York, the practice Is
to send out police officers dressed In citi
zens' clothes to arrest all persons found
spitting in public conveyances. The spit
ter, as a rule, evinces violent opposition
to arrest, and seems to think that It is
an infringement on his personal liberty.
Especially Is this true of the large foreign-born
element in New York's popu
lation. All are treated alike, however,
when they are brought before the magis
trate; and it Is customary to fine them
between 1 and 10 when they are taken
In the act. In the long run. this system
of arrest, and fine will probably accom
plish the objects sought, as no violator
of the law can tell when he may be
caught and arrested. It Is noticeable that,
so far as is known at this time, no spit
ter has ever been taken in a second of
fence, so that in all probability the lesson
of arrest and punishment is an effective
oue. . .... - ' .
The mortality from tuberculosis In New
York City has been reduced about 36 per
cent lu the last 15 yisars, -chiaiiy as-B re-
sut of -preventive naure8, though these
are as yet in their Infancy. -A satisfactory
system of carinsf for tuberculous patients
would in :ludc municipal sanitariums In
favorable locations outside the city but,
this enterprise seems to need the aid of at
Carnegie or a Rockefeller, for city author
ities are not yet willing to undertake the
expense Involved. The disease now costs
New York City annually from 9.000 to
10.000 lives, the value of which, accord
ing to the statisticians, is fully J10.000.000.
It has been said by the best authorities
that an extension of prophylactic meas
ures to include suitable hospitals and
complete enforcement of the existing
regulations would result in the saving of
from 2,000 to 8,000 lives annually in New
York City. The cost of this work would
be extremely small, probably not a hun
dredth part of what New York Is spend
ing on rapid transit, bridges, schools and
similar public improvements.-
Of prime importance in th suppression
of contagion in all its forms Is an efficient
system of medical Inspection in schools.
A practised -to Nw Verk-City, -this -woik
is under the care of a special corps of
physicians, detailed to visit the -schools;
and examine all children who have been
isolated by the teachers as not appearing
entirely well. The scope of this work
may be imagined when It Is said that a
total of nearly 100,000 visits are made an
nually to the public schools. In th 8 course
of which upwards of 125.000 children are
examined, and from 10,000 to lS.OfJb ex
cluded as having contagious . disease, in
one form or another. A large . proportion
of the contagious-disease -eases occurring
in Now - Yor k, - however, - are reported by
private practitioners, who are visited
with censure and sometimes with fines
for failure to make such reports. Diag
nosis of each individual case follows,' and
the patient is either "removed to a contagious-disease
hospital, or placed In'
charge of a district Inspector, whose duty
It is to watch the progress of the case,
arid take measures to prevent the spread
of-the disease to other-persons In -the
neighborhood. The results of the pre
ventive system In recent years have been
profoundly Important The death-rate in
the diseases te which children are espe
cially subject shows a remarkable shrink
age. Especially is this true in diphtheria
end croup, the mortality from which had
been .quite steadrly Increasing in New
York up to the year 1895. At that time
began the treatment with diphtheria antitoxin-
and since then the mortality from
diphtheria' has been reduced fully one
half a saving of several thousand lives
very year. -
Any review, )tawsver cursory,, of mess-
How can tha druggist who fills
best thought and attention to it
rutted by calli for face powder,
hack and forth from counter to
becomes distracted :, ' :
Our, Dispensary
Counter is Apart
H and separate from the sales department, the dispensers do m
nothing but fin prescriptions ho interruptions delay Or en- B
jjj .a- danger the responsible work thvy haVe in hand i- t t i g
j WoocJard, Clark & Co.
H - "
H Direct Telephone Service to Our Prescription Dept., Exchange 1 1 H
: , ' m
IIIIIIEBeiIBaSeaXIEBIKEaiBIUBKaailIBEEaBIIBIDSSESB
uret .for the suppression of contagion
would be Incomplete without a word about
the checking of smallpox, which has been
so prevalent in the United States In the
last two years as to be almost an epi
demic. Its spread has been unquestion
ably due to laxity In. vaccination work In
various sections of the country. Con
tagion was brought here from Kurope in
considerable amount in 1900, and the dis
ease has since been spreading, in the
winter months, to a large number of tin
vacclnated. Federal control of preventive
measures Is needed to secure uniform en
forcement of them; at present, the work
of any particular city In checking small
pox Is In great measure nullified by the
laxity of other cities. The prevalence of
the.. dlseasehas .revived discussion of
pluns for compulsory vaccination. There
Is no doubt of the efficacy of that sys
tem: an example of which is found In the
course of smallpox in a state like Prussia,
where, slnc4 compulsory, vaccination was
put Into practice 25 years ago, the death
rate from smallpox has fallen from 36 per
100,000 to 0.49 per 100,000 Inhabitants.
At the same time there has been so little
opposition to vaccination In New York City
that compulsion by state enactment has
been deemed unwise. It seems probable
that in the last two years fully one-third.
If not one-half, of the population- of
New York has submitted to vaccination,
and the good results At this are likely
to be seen next winter, If they are not
already apparent. ,
GREAT GASHES -
FROM A FALL
C HrM'eeicr Bauly Injured by an
Open Trap Door.
Charles H. Wheeler, the night watch
man at the steel bridge, who lives at 673
ljast Couch street, is at the ,3ood Samar
itan Hospital, with his face and head cut
and bruised In a frightful manner. He
was hurrying up Third street this morn
ing about 6:30 o'clock, to get a car at
Yamhill street, when in ' the darkness
he fell into an open trap door Into the
basement of the Cajnbridga Building. In
falling his face struck the opposite trap
door of Iron, which inflicted some ghastly
wounds. One cut across the head ex
tended for five inches and laid bare" the
skuH. Another cut under the nose loos
ened that organ from Its fastening. Be
low the hln was another long, deep
gashSTrneeJer, who Is 79 years of age,
waa earried upstairs to Dr. Morrow's of
fice, where, after the flow of blood was
staunched, he was taken to the Good
Samaritan Hospital in a hack. He was
operated upon during the forenoon, and
has rallied nicely -ffora the shock. His
Injuries, while serious, are not fatal.
TEAMSTERS STRIKE.
. NEW ORLEANS, Dec... AH teamster
Struck this morning, on. account,,, of t.le.
sugar h'andimg grievances.
BIRTHS.
Cliff In Portland, December 7, 1902, to
Mr. and Mrs. William R. CJIff, a boy.
Philips In Portland, November 27, 1902,
to Mr. and Mrs. Leon Philips, a boy.
MARRIAGE LICENSES.
The following marriage licenses were
granted today: Gaylord Mallett, aged H
years, and Lydia Frank, aged 21, both of
Portland; William T. Nledermark, aged 28
years, and Mary E. Dowiing, aged 22,
both of Portland; Charles Sanden, aged
27, and Helma Ericson, aged 21.
V .
CONTAGIOUS DISEASES.
- RoyStrttohy smallpox," at Fifteenth' aha
East Morrison streets,
Twe children of Henry Wheeler, diph
theria, atJs27 East Tenth street.
Orville Cobb, scarlatina, at 101 East
Seventeenth street.- t
DEATHS.
Vance At Bonneville, Ore., December 4,
1902. Charles I. Vance, aged If years. " -
Duck At the county' jail, December 6,
19U2r Chin- Ly Duokgedr-4d- -years.
Nakahra At St. Vincent's Hospital.
December -ufo 1902, . M. Nakahra, aged 53
years. !
Foster At 374 Taylor street. December
6, 1902, Elizabeth B. Taylor, aged 72 years.
Letts At County "Hospital. December 4,
1902, Rose Q. Letts, aged 28 years.
The Edward Holm an Undertaking Co,
j")T3l dlfBCtOrBl " "enflCl 4nWWWliflBlj 280"
Yamhill. Phon 607. .
j p. Flnley eV Sort, funeral director
and embalm, hav removed to their
new establishment, comer Third and Mad
ison strete. Both phones No, e,- 4.
firarnatorlt'm, or Oregon . . Cfty ear
line.' near Seltwoodf modern. Scientific,
complt. Charg Adultt, 3Sf child
ran. 2S- Visitors, to 6 p. m. Portland
Cremation Association. Portland, Or.
Burkhardtt florists, Main 60S. 03d Qllsan,
your prescription give hia
when he U constantly inter- ,
toothbrushes and the like,
case it I$no wonder he
: : ; : ' : .' ?
n
J
HURT UNDER A
FALLING TREE
Narrow Escape oFa Lewis River
Man Vancouver News Notes.
VANCOUVER, Dec. 8. C. A. Price of
Lewis River was caught beneath a fall
ing tree Saturday evening end badly
crushed. W-Uh a "fellow workman. Price
was cutting down a tree, when It swerved
from Its natural course and striking the
unfortunate man panned him to the
ground. The tree Was partly held up by
a broken limb, otherwise Price would un
doubtedly have been killed. He was
taken to a nearby ranchur'a and medical
aid summoned. - '
OLIVE LAKE.
Olive Lake, wlfa of David Lake, died
Saturday at her homo at Forn Prairie
of pneumonia. Deceased was 30 years
old .and leave el children', three boys
and three girls. The funeral services
will be hold tomorrow at Fern Prairie.
JVSTICE COURT
James Robinson was fined J5 and costs
in Justice Hainels Court Saturday for
den's place, north of the-'lty.
VANCOUVER PERSONALS. "
George W. Ginty and wife of Eligene,
Or., are visiting in the city.
William Blane of Portland visited
friends in this city . yestMa.w. -...
Charles'.. , ULUflA.and...iamlly. of St.. ...
Louis are registered at the Columbia.
Capt. Stevens of the Vancouver Forry .
visited Portland today.
Miss Marian Cohen spent Sunday
with relatives in Portland.
J. D. Mayer, wife and daughter spent
the day in Portland yesterday.
JsJ. J. Rowland of Lewlavllle Is regis
tered at the Baltimore.
J. C. Maittand and wife of San Fran
cisco are guests at the Columbia.
Dr. W. S. Armstrong Is a visitor from
Portland 'today. ' . s
' COLTtTMARTIAXS.
Private Harry W. Drake. 33d Company,
Coast Artillery, having been-trled by a
general courtmartla! convened at Fort
Stevens, Or., and found guhty of quitting
guard, in violation of the 40th Article
of War, and absence without leave. In
violation of the 82d Article of War, was
sentenced', (three previous convictions
having been considered), "To be confined
at hard labor under the charge of the
post guard for the period of six months,
and to forfeit $1.0 per month for- the
same period."
Private Arthur Frazee, 20th Mattery.
Field Artillery, having been tried by a
general courtmartial convened- at Van
couver Barracks, Wush., aitd found guilty
of larceny of 11H pounds of bacon, the
property of .the l nited btates, ana
wrongfully eiling the same, in violation
of the 60th Article of War, and falling td
mark his clothing, in violation tit orders;.
In violation of the 62d Article of War,- -wa3""seHtenc8"tbTie-
irreVtous conviction-'
having been considered) "To bo diahonor
ably discharged from the service of tha
I'nited States, forfeiting ail pay and al
lowances due him, and to be confined at
hard labor at such place as the reviewing
authority may direct for three months.
The sentence Is allowed and will be duly
executed at Vancouver Barracks, Wash.
THINGS WILL
BE DOING
Liquor License and Blanket Fran
chise Conies Up Tonight.
Strenuous, promises tobe the -special
session of the Common Council this even
ing. '
The new liquor' ordinance will appear
for' indefinite postponement. Arguments
proAnd con will be neardbut It Is a fore
gone conclusion hat tho measure will be
relegated to the deed list. '
The very Important petition of the City
'& Suburban Railway Company for a blan
ket framshtae will be presented and ar
ffued The" company olds a seore of more
of franchises which it wants relinquished
and-'coveredlby one ordinance such as
that granted the Portland Railway Com
rjflny. That the franchise will be given
is almost assured, for the reason that the
railroad company concedes to the city
practically the, same things as did the
Portland Railroad Company.
BIG FIRE RAGES.
T2HICSGO. Dec. 8. Fire Is ragtng tnr
the wholesale district on Canal street.
The loss will probably exceed $160,000..
WHEAT MARKET.- ,
CHICAGO. Dec 8. Wheat ISWUM e,
, PORTLAND-CHICAGO. .
Seventy hoars is the time of the O R.
N Chicago-Portland peeiak"- fnbm
Portland t Chicago, leaving every morn
ing at I o'clock. Inquire city ticket efflaa,
Xbird and Washington.
)
V-4 -
X: ;