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THE - OREG OIT ftXTliY JOVTtSAL, rOBTlVP, r S ATTTH PAY- KVXyiH'Qt SEPTEtUER 13. 1903.
m ' Bourne, Fulton and Geer Are
i U, 11 i ii ..... ' .
Senatorial ; Candidates ; c&? ,
. -. . . . .'. . ,. . . . ;.v ' - f-- v ' f
(
. 5
Jtoototd Candidates.
C i W., Fulton.' ef AtoriH, sute
j Scaator.
Crer, of Salem. Governor.
Jonathan Bourne, of Portland. Poll
s tici&n. .
Probable or Potsible Candi
! ? dates.
Harvey TV. Scott, of Portland, Edl-
tor.
ColOmon Hlrsch, cf Portland, Capi
talist X K. Booth, of Josephine County,
Sute benatar.
"W. JX renton. of Portland, Law
: t.
yt. Wt Cfltton, of Portland, La-
ytr,
Omiv Browntll, of Oregon City,
State Senator.
Char lea Crey, of Portland, Lawyer-
Jvdce TUf C. -CJaorie, of Portland,
( JuriatN
Henry E. McGinn, of Portland,"
! -State Senator.
George W, McBrlde, of St Helens,
I ez-Unlted SUtes Senator.
Just four months from today no doubt
th Legislature of Oregoa will be strug
gling over the election of a United States
- Senator, to serve for six year from the
4tfe ef March ,next Sveryone realises
Uiat tbe office is one of dig-nitty and pow
ejr, and that It is needful that the people
oi the g'tata thoroWi canvass the mat
ter and Is&rn the, character of (he men
wh will , corns before the assembly as
caadiaatea, if a wise selection le to be
made, then must there be publicity of all
'mattery connected Jfith the prospective
e-aeroise-ef- the lBeJve-iilon,,ttey-he
Legilature.;;Ck., r'& . i .
-.".For; MHsnsslfpffii'
"jlttle commeht upon the subject' by the
Itepublicu preai af the atte. Naturally,
one would look for extended, discussion at
this time. eTt overall ef the prooeedlngs
, in connection with the' preparations for
the election, broods a sllenoe that is as
IM-ofound as that Is , presumed to pre
vail in the ethereal reaches ef the most
dlrtant heavens.
i1 All of this presages bitter and nncom
promUlng warfare in January, "for even
luhtifui &rvest to Be
PENDLETON, Oe., Sept. JS.The har
: yeet of golden grain In Washington and
Oregon is fast drawing to a close, and
- Ue season of anxiety end unusual activ
: Ity will give way to one of rejoicing and
general prosperity, whsn of A time at
teast the farmer can rest from his labors
after a year doss attention to business,
with splendid retrns. for. the effort ex.
pended. The crops have been bountiful
" -th grain of a high grade, the harvest
.Weather has been Ideal and conditions
throughout have been very satisfactory.
Prospects for good price are exception
Ally bright, and at this time there seems
but Jffttle chance of a car famine when
the garln begins to seek its way to tide-
water. Wit ;a .reduction n the freight
charge to thf sea and low charter rates
to th markets f the bid world, the
' farmer feels well satisfied with the pros-
. .pects for CQ to .7 oents per bushel for
whpat, an.d consequently is In a happy
mood. It has been a long time since con
'dltlons generally were better in Eastern
I.5v'sn0ston and Eaaterjn pregonjunong
the rural population, and the feeling of a
'"harvest home" Jollification Is stronger
today than it has ever been In this coun-
, .try.
OF THE PAST METHOPS.
prevalent In the Gathering of the Annual
Crops.
! While contemplating the great rnatml
tude of farming operations In the North
west and realising the facility and ease
with which millions of bushels of grain
are annually grown, harvested and sent
to the markets of the world, it u- hut i
natural that the mind revert back to the
days of our fathers and grandfathers !n 1
their great struggles to overcome a wild ;
country and make the desert blossom, i
amid almost insurmountable difficulties, !
tilling the soli imperfectly with the orude '
Implements known in, their time. From
the old sickle and reaping tu.ok. with th
sweat and effort which accompanied Us
use, to the new combined thresher, l-,a.f
been a long step, requiring years of effort j
and energy, yet there are men living In '
Washington snd Oregon today who have j
'used both instruments of husbandry suc-
'isessfuny.
In the early history of grain growing i
f In tb Northwest the
OLD FASHIONED CRADLE i
was the first Instrument used to cut
grain..
Following in the wake of the cradle
came the .binder of one sort or another.
The mowing machine early made its ap
pearaaos, aa4 it is wuoh the m mi'
chin today that it was when first it came
th mountains from "the states."
But th reaper Is vastly different FlrsJ
MifMi T il roro-. ' ' mnwinf machine
arrangement which cut the grain, placed
It In binders and dropped each bundle
Whs Its weight was sufficient to spring
" Sk trap i under a set Pf wooden fingers
' Which, received tbe bundle from the sickle.
Other .fwmi reqaire the services of a
man With a rske to perform the dropping
.pat of th work- Then followed the
.binder, which ua ,re with Which to
jbrod th bundles. Small wlr was taken
from f ' spoofwound around bundle
gormed bz machinery m a frame similar
now from time to time Is seen tbe glint
of steel in the feandii of political lleuten
artts who are marshalling the hosts for
thsjconfllct.
If no other newspapers will take up the
eplottatlcn of the theme. The Journal
will assume the burden.
Let it be said, en passant, that The
Journal ttvlewu the subiect with charity
for all end malice towards none, at.-!
v'ith only the desire to perform its func
tion as a disseminator of Information re
lating to the passing of events in this
state. Kditor.
MITCHELL. AND SIMON-
Both Will Be Elements in the Senatorial
Contest
All instructed persons will concede that
the Senatorial campaign cannot be treat-
f.axl without accounting for the attitude of
the present Senators. Mr. Mitchell and
Mr. Simon are going to be elements In the
contest, and both must be reckoned with.
As to Senator Mitchell, It Is probably a
safe guess that he would be highly de
lighted were .he able to name the suc
cessor of Senator Blmon, and in that he
cannot is the rub, although there is no
doubt that -he will have much to say on
the subject '
As to Senajtor Simon,' while he himself
cannot be. elected, no one with a modicum
of sense will deny that Mr. Simon will
have U be figured upon as a potent fac
tor In the wielding of influence .and the i
manipulation of affaire prior to the cast-
Ing of the ballots.
.ng in? .
- - .
THESE ARE THE OPEN CANDIDATES,
Though the Governor Seems to Be Didn't
Support Furnish.
The avowed candidates are: t
Charles W, Fulton of Astoria,
Jlf, T, Geer, of balem.
a ,;witjiiin Hourn. oi raruana.
hls at
Statement may be a little lnaccur-
ate. Perhaps It should be said that the
Governor thinks he If A oainlldate, made
to offlclally by petition and popular vote
under th Mays? Iaw The Governor Is
crnaiiu yviyu v. .
MltcheU. Mr. Soott and the tither dis-
posing powers) and yet-that is not . the J bad politics to support him, and there are
reason why he Is not to be accounted As others here who would not mind wearing
In fhe'ronnlng-he refused to suppop theJ the "toga" themselves. : More thaiyhU,
ticket' last June, that's the reason ws Senator Yulton will have to convince sucn
most people look upon his candidacy asjt'potentiallUcg as Mr. v.orbett and others,
' ' 1 .."!... ' .
to those used; on 'raceoS binders, and se
curely tied. This proved unsatisfactory,
and the "twine binder" soon took Its
place. The world looked On In astonish
ment at a -reapef r which would, cut,
bundle and bind securely grain of uneven
weights and lengths by the use of horse
power alone. It was thought then that
farming had been simplified so thoroughly
that grain raising would become . a
pastime and hard work disappear..
In the early history of threshing in
Oregon and Washington.-many an old
settler has ' ...
MANY POINTS OF INTEREST j
and most of them have at least unfailing
recollections ot one of the machines used j
apparently everywhere and ali the time
the farm fanning mill It Is easy to fuid I
old settlers who recollect distinctly the;
great task and backache connected with
the operation of th, old mlll when dirt,
chaff, grit, dust and'atraw had to bo
separated from the grain after u primitive
attempt to thresh a few acres of grain
grown with great effort and care upon
the old homestead. Different methods of
threshing, ot separating the grain, from
the- straw were "In VogUeT an early -and
common na being tb place the grain on
the hard ground or upon a floor and drive
horses over It until the hoofs of the
stork had separated the grain from the,
heads of the straw and left a great mam:
of chaff and dirt to be passed through the
fanning ralU!-. The horsepower separator,
a primitive machine In many respects,
cume to this country many years aco.
end soon replaced everything save the
fanning mill. Which had to be used on
the grain threshed before It could be
sent t market The cleaning apparatus
of early threshers was usually defective,
and it took years to place upon the mar
ket a thresher which would save ail the
grain and separate It from impurities and
chaff. And after all the work that has
been done along this line the old fanninjt
mill is still In use on moat farms, and
a great deal of grain I passed through
the. additional set of fans before It Ia
placed in the ground as seed or rassol
to the market for flour.
IMPROVED MACHINES.
Used Today by the Members Of the Fsrm
Colony.
Wonderful changes and Improvements
have bwn made within the past fifty
years in all classes of farm machinery
and implements. With the steam thresher
jind eelf-blndor we now. look back and
wonder how our forefathers got along
with nothing in the way of machinery, and
but crude methods In everything. Tet
while this evolution has been going on
great thing have been doing. The coun
try has settled up from the Mississippi
to the Pacific ocean, and the Northwet
T fifty
years ago. uereai production nas in
creased wonderfully, and where thousands
of byshftls were -formerly raised, millions
now are produced, going to all parts of
theVorld.
The 70.000,000 bushels of grain whlcn
comes from the great fields of Oveeon
and Washington each, year and find a
ready market tn the countries of the
world is not produced with the aid of
primitive machinery and tools, but by the
proper use of 6ie most modem appliances
in all -departments of the work. In the
something that exists only in his own
mind. .
Krom a party standpoint, he committed
t.o'Uual suicide, allege the political wtse-ailis
SENATOR FULTON8 STRENGTH.
A Man of Force and Ability and Milch
Strength.
State ptnator ' Fulton has considerable
Ktrt-iiKth, unci g looked upon as the log
ical and a wurthy candidate. Hi U i
man of force and ability, and at this
time ha$ more votes pledged to him than
lias any other man In the Held.
It is being claimed that Senator Mitchell
favors him above all others, though there
may be doubt on this score. Senator
Mitchell is under obligations to. Senator
Fulton, but also He is under obligations
to othtrs-ex-Se.nator McBrlde, Mr. Scott
Mr. Hirsch. It is remembered by old
residents that years ago, when Senator
Mitchell was but a political child, Mr."
Hiisch was his friend and that he has
been for the 40 years that have ensued.
Again Mr. Fulton being in the lead, be
becomes the target of all of the others
who have aspirations. It becomes one
.gainst the field and those who have
"played the races", know that usually the
field wins. .
MATTER OF LOCATION;
While locality should not enter Into
the consideration of the matter, it does,
Hjui Senator Fulton Is badly situated geo
graphically. He comes from a section
'cn, so iar a. can o
newspaper sentiment, is practically una-
, unanmoua Ior dosing the river above
T,.r1c.1.o intn " He la ton broad-minded
j tQ guch vlewg but people ot th.
refit or me state arc jioi uibjjub w ,
o -nn.il river. Human !
n,r. i. mnr.h the same all over the I
.nru RcniiH of the money that hai i
been and is being spent for an open river
from Portland to the sea,, the average
UP-lhe-rlver-legtslator is,;not. disposed; to
take any chances on Voting wrong on this,
question. Too much is at stake for that
It is said he has a few votes In the Mult
nomah delegation. This Is probably true,
but It is apparent that the "bit guns'
from this county are not yet booming
! (or him
Tne Oregonlan Is silenti it 'a
j M, Matthews thinks it would i be
great wheat belts will be found all the
modern and ponderous machinery known
today, made and operated by skilled me
chanics after vast expenditure of money
and constant study. But for modern ma
chinery It would be impossible for Ore
gon to market 30,000,000 bushels of grain,
or for Washington to send to the markets
of the old world 40,000,000 bushels, while
the population of either state is less than
half a million, or approximately so. Thou
sands of meri are required to do the work
which macnTnery cannot do, but the Tabor1"
saving machinery makes It possible to,
produce greater quantities of grain' than
could be contemplated were ft necessary
to import men to do the work of har
vesting and warehousing the grain.
ONE
Of the Great Inland tmplre and Its Qreat
Contents.
The great wheat basket of Eastern
Oregon is comprised in the wide prairies
of Umatilla County, stretching out as
far as the eye can see in all directions, j
Wallowa County, with its fertile stretches
of level land,- the Orande Ronde Valley,
which comiHls' large portion of Lnion i
, - ...... ,, .1 . '.l.rr ntvfl. VallAV t.
i the south of th- nde Ronde. Her Is
OTtef the KPeaTest-'wheat producing sec- '
tions In the world, acreage considered,.:
.hi. ; Kit .nA n.4ln. '
IIIC 11 VI v. - . ' . -' --
with Jt in UmatllU County, ties the great
grain growing' region of Washington.
Uprising the Walla .Wall- Valley.
reading Wer the counties of Walla i
Walla, Garfield and Columbia; across the j
Snake Biver to the north lie the Palouse
country, famous for Its wealth of golden '
grain; and it the northwest lies the Big
Bend confer which during the past fw?t
years has made a new record In grain
raising. Last year a town of 1,200 popu- j
- 1 f liV I i I nil i ii ista 1 1 " X - t--f"--- w..,,!,--, , . A. , . . iWaLjik
I It
GREAT WHEAT BASKET
that be la tn favor of a deep river from
Portland to the sea before he eaa sou at
on. votes with safety from this county.
QUESTION OF OPPORTUNITIES.
Mr. Pulton's friends attempted to Indufr
him to take the nomination for Gov
ernor last spring, and most of the state
politicians think that, had he done so.
he would have bad better chances than
he now has, He did not, ami hence there
are likely to be tears of rgrtt
At this Juncture Senator Simon will
probably appear upon ihe stage for a
moment to stick pins In Senator Fulton
and turn the tatter's stunt Into a crying
heat for Mr. Simon loves not the Senator
from Clatsop.
When the Republican state convention
met last spring was the golden oportuhity
for Mr. Fulton., He should have forced
the selection of a United States Senator
ial candidate, and had his name gone be
fore the convention, he would have been
nomlnatd in A scene thnt w'1"1" not soon
have been forgotten, for he is deservedly
popular, and could have carried the dele
gation off their feet. But it was not done,
and now it Is a fight of Intrigue, dkplo
mcay,' so that these lines perhaps apply:
"He either1 fears' his fate too much.
Or his deserts are small,
Who fears to put it to the touch
To gain or Jose It all."
"JACK" BOURNE PROCLAIMS.
"Makes no Bones" Thst Hs Wants B
, 8enator.
Here Is an assertion that will surprise
many and Interest all Jonathan Bourne
Is a candidate for the United States Sen
ate. He takes his candidacy seriously,
too. Few are able to figure out whence
apparent
bar to Jonathan's winning
there are no Populists In the Legislature,
slature.
so the
Jonathan mada' his reputation
Informed will remember, when he cut a
large figure in the first ilryan campaign,
when he leas for free silver and a whole
lotrof othop things that would seem p
constitute obstacles to his progress ta
wards Washington.
He was active in "holding up" the Leg
lslature. In fact U was Jonathan himself
who did the Work of holding up the et
sion. He had complete charge of; the
nlem end of the fight. J V
le was a 'member of the Third H,ouse
Of the last Legislature, and stood fof atA
Corbett; first, lasj; and all of the time, ,
Jack" Bourneils a spectacular worker
who always ConAicts campaigns much as
Gathered; In the
latlon In the Big Bend produced and mar-.
keted more wheat than any producing
station in the United States, according
to railroad figures on shipments. At the
town of Ritzville, Wash., over 1,600,000
busfiels of grain was sent out by railroad
last year.
A BIO INBU8TRT.
Anywhere In this great wheat belt
grain growing and harvesting is seen at
Its best and all the modern methods are
employed. Just now the harvest Is at
tr height, and -thousands , of men are
dally employed In handling the millions
of tons of weight "that must need be
handled before the grain is placed on the
open market. Here farming Is forced to
Its noblest and best place. Keen compe- I
OF THE COMBINED HJHtVESTE
tltlon has made farming not so much hard
toil and manual labor as a solentlfio pro
cess from which only the very best re
sults muxt be obtained. la this way alon
has money been made, and the successful
farmer Is the energetic, thoughtful buai
ness man. Time plays an important part
In the work, and when seed time comes
It must be made the most of quickly and
properly; then when harvest rolls around
and the crop h,i ripened and tuned lnt
a golden hue then' the. reaping operatioa
mlluf ha ....-,,,.,,., wltV. all iwwultllA ftklll.
tact ana rapjdHy-r-lWay majr mean weTTrompietanenn on wneeis usjjaiy tn
weather and loss of part or au or tn
crP- In vlt"' this fact farmers have
own . casting noout tor m. mimv yw,
- niwi - V ILJnintS n.rf
'orm 8 ot Sraln into one of
br while' the grain U securely
acked and ee frog, danger.
TUv cipm j
?T"1 .1
- s J T-., j w ... a !
Labor-Saving Devices tJssd by All Agrl-
- - . J-h,r' '
Nowhere in all th world is farming!
done Just as It is in this .Inland grain j
' a small, boy rung a Fourth of July eels-
bration. with plenty of fireworks going oft
and a plethora of nolae.
Qt!TB A DESTRI'CTIONIST.
Mr. Beursa. appears to be the ideal de-
ptructionisi, an never has exnioitea any
of the qualities of the constructive states
man, It was so long ago as 1886 when he
was an .active member of the minority
r-that' defeated Mr. Hlrech for the United
States Senate. He was the brains of the
oppbsitfbri to Senator Dolph. He con-,
trlbuted much to the election ot Mr.
Simon, i k -
' Politically, Mr. Bourne has run through
an of the parties like the measles, or vice
versa", as th case may be-
He cannot expect support from Mr, Mlt.
chell or from any of those new In the
control of the Republican organisation.
But he will add Interest to the fight, and
will compel the others to remember that
he Is around the state capital. He will
be an element, and while he may resume
playing golf after the Senator has been
elected be will add somewhat to the
gaieties of the nations and perhaps fur
nish the comedy in what Is assuredly go
ing to be an absorbingly Interesting po
litical drama.
HQW "ABOUT MR. SCOTT T
May Net Enter the Active Fight for the
Sanatorship.
A number of good citizens have been
mentioned as probable candidates for the
honor. A partial list is: Harvey W.
8cott. Solomon Hirsch, Senator Booth
from Josephine. W. D. Fenton. W. W,.
Cotton, Senator Brownell from cfack
amas, Chas. D. Carey, Judge M. C.
George, Judge McGunn, Ex-Senator Geo.
W. McBrlde.'
So far as Mr. Scotf Is concerned, some
are very doubtful that he Is considering
the matter seriously, but not unnaturaVy
wants to have something to say p. . That
he would not object to being (Senator
goes without' saying, but unless all signs
fall, h' doesn't "want It badly enough to
engage 1n ni active canvass for It. , He
is admirably equipped for the work, but
it is doubtful If as he contemplates what
la necessary to be done to win. he And
the prospect very alluring. Mr. Scott
has done a good deal of "scrapping" l,i
his day; has said many hard things about
many people, stepped on acres of toes,
mn a newspaper and edited It for many
years, and all these' things are not cal
culated to grew a" very heavy . crop of
votes. He knows If he goes'lnto the light
seotlon.. Farmers take advantage of all
labor-saving .Tnachlnery and appliances,
and tftB farmer's wife is given advan
tage in many ways. In plowing the
steam and gang plows are used, with
arator 'is started before the machine is
either A steam engine or a band of six
or eight horses drawing a number of
plows arranged tn a gang, one following
the other, Li the process of harrowing
the ordinary method is to attach six or
e'lght horses to a harrow covering from
tQ t 2i feet,, the driver riding a pofty i during th, ru,hi 0B buJ,et,n boards, tele
acroas the fields from morning to night T , 'A
Few farmers ask hired help Q walk after
k , , . , , ....
stock In the fields. And the hired men
on all large farms are given the freedom
of the farm with the exception of the
r-. ,
family residence. Th owner of the place
expects to feed the men and usually does
so to the satisfaction of all but be does
not allow the men about his residence.
They are provided with quarters separate,
keep their own cook, and live largely as
they choos.' In the harvest time the men
usually take a roll of blankets each and
, SLEEP IN THE OPEN AIR;
preferring th strgwstacks and freedom
of tns farm, to, the bunk-house or the
fannhoua for that matter. Nearly ail
crews are ted from a cook wagon," t.
Charge of a skilled cook. Th.fopd sup
plied la of the best and when the cook
falls to - come up to . the standard a
change Comes quickly- or the men refuse
t worjt longer. The Invigorating SiV r.t
the grain fields and. the vigorous exer.
else of . the long day s of labor create
healthy,'fcd' Strong appetites, and mess
pall Js never sounded-twlce In advance ot
a meal. ; This plan, generally gives satis
faction to loth men and employer, and is
fallowed by. trews In cutting and thresh?
Ing graju even on mall farms.
In years past the harvest' season- has
''.' ' . ' --" . . . . -
juat what U ahead of hint nd hi feaUy
prefers pee-19 .wajr, , .
IN HIS DBCtlNlNO yAPS. -
In his declining years be would itks ta
, dwell in harmony with all .men and
have a blessedness t ergetfulness cover
and heal all old wounds. ?, A SenitonM
fight is not conducive te thfs. : It tlM
'scrapper" te wis such eon tests, and
j it majy not b bad gUeas that he Will
not enter the Hats to rid the Senatorial
.'tourney. ; . !vtf;j 'y,';-m ' -
He will have somewhat to say, how
ever. And he might throw his Influence
towards any of several- candidates. He
has In his heart a warm spot for Judge
George, Judge McGles. aJtd Judge'. Fen
ton, and It might be that, could he op
so, he would name en of tbM three. i
On ef th friend ef the dlstlnguishe 1
editor argued thus- with The Journal
man: ':';..: "
"What would salt a man of Mr. Scott's
disposition would be a foreign mission.
If he could get an appointment to some
of the higher missions,' h would not r
fuse it, and he would reflect aredit upon
both the state and himself1' , . . ,
There will b few who Will mot acoeds
to this proposition. Indeed, no "one will
presume to question the correctneea of
these view, and to look upon Mr. Soott
as the ideal material for the making of
foreign ministers In capitals wherein
brains and wisdom congregate.-
W. W. COTTON POSSIBLE.
Might Be the Man Whs "Lews
sad
rerms..
The foregoing list Includes those most
likely to be mentioned by receiving vote
in the Legislature, excptlng one man
who was voted for by Senator Brownell
heretofore W. W, Cotton of Multnomah.
Brownell is still there, and he went back
to the. Senate With more Influence than
ever, and if he starts 'out t land the
gentleman from Multnomah this time,
more surprising thing theft Mr. Cotton's
eleotipn might. octir.; v , . .
MR. HIRSCH QUALIFIED.
But HI position It Not Openly Defined
Just Now.
In Mr. Hirsch Is found another man
well qualified for the office. -. He ss
many friends, and at any time, whst is
more to the point some votes la the Leg
islature. He has filled a number of high
offices and always with credit -' No one
seems to know Just what IS hi position.
Inlnd
been one of anxiety to th man who had,
say 500 to WOO acres of grain to save, all
the work having to be don with hired
labor. Employment agents used to reap
a rich harvest in "shipping" men to the
grainflelds, and every effort was made te
secure hundreds and even thousands of
idle men from th citlss and from tim
bered sectlonstQ do the work of harvest
ing. '. '
"Men Wanted for th Harvest Fields"
are familiar placards seen everywhere
1 " , , ... v,.
anywheie. The mea eom front' th CU- ,
les, from mining camps, from place
where ordinary wages only are paid. The
haiv ester wants to make a "stake." and
he comes here because wages range from
$2 to )4 per day, and .board, while soma,
exceptionally good mechanics draw, from
$4 to i per day and all expenses. la
the pest thousands of. mH earns to th
wheat fields, some because the? Want, to,
others because they ar tired of Ill-paid
,'obs in hotweather, still others because
neccsrlty causes them to get money for
winter supplies, , and .last-the fellow who
want to change climate and see now I
farming is really done. - AH these people
get toprethtr, and a
MORE METROPOLITAN. CREW
than, a harvesting crew Is hard to Im
agine. The fresh air of the country,
filled w'th the fragrant and strengthen- (
Ing aroma of plowed fields, flowers and
herbs, piove invigorating and healthful
to most every one, and a band of hac
vestcrs generally look the picture at
health and strength. With good wages
and ready money they seem to enjoy ihe
strenuous life for a few weeks at least
Bui the day of the harvester and the
big crew Is about past This season
large number of farmers have purchase 1
'combined harvesters," machines which
heau and thresh grain at one operation,
leaving the cleaned product In sacks In
the field, ready for the- car. Two years
a0 several of these machines were In
use', and they proved so satisfactory tha'
a score of others have been brought and
all over Eastern OregoA and Washing
ton the "combined" Is to be seen at
work. This year a new Innovation ha
been made in Walla Wafla County,
Wash., and Umatilla County, Or. Tha
big machine is being drawn by : steam
power Instead of horses, .as in the Pa.it
The machines in common uss require
from 24 to 32 head of horses to operate
them and the expense of operation has
been found to be' large, although a great
saying over the' old. - plan ' of cutting.
Stacking and threshing. , t-
THE STEAM COM BINS.
It Weighs BO Tons and Costs More Then
- v . troop... . . ,
The steam combine 1 a huge machine,
weighing in all about twenty tons, and
costing over $7000,-' It Is a huge Steam en
gine, with A boiler capable of furnishing
about 160 horse power,? white It carries
two engines, one! of" 0- 'and one of l
horsepower.' Its driving' wheels ar eight
feet in width, and it uses about on and
a half tor of coal and SOW gallons of
water In 10 hours. In 'th hands ef two
mcn this engine wilt draw a header ami
thresher ovr an are of about to aors
It Is certain b would not refuse th of
fice If tendered. Again, alt familiar wtth
Oregon politics know that n on-would
bf mor satisfactory as a colleafu t
Senator Mitchell than Mr. Klrsch. Time
only can tJl t what extent Mr. Hirsch
will tak part la the oontest. His can
didacy has never been " authoritatively
announced, If he should 'shy bis castor
in t ring, there will he many a on to
wish him good luck,
JUOQES QEOROE ANO FSNTON. ,.
Both F-oesiallltlss Sut Not robbl Win
rs This Tim.
' Ther ar ethra. Among them Is Judga
George, so old face, And Judga renton, a
nw faca, Judglcrge baa beao votju
for frequently, and may be acaln. Judge
Fenton la but a recent convert from ih
Democracy and that would b against
htm. yet ther be those who caJt U mind
that Judge Williams wssaeat t th Ben.
at four year ge after hj conversion
to th doctrines cf th RipubUcao party,
"Besides," remarked a political phllan.
thrgpigt, "th glad brni of welcome ex
tended to brothers as they sros th Una
should not chang lnt a slsnched fist if
they seek some of th honors. Still U U
vsry doubtful if the psrtj will set aaid
the old standby to show their kindly
feelings to th new men."'
THE M'BRIOES ARg LUCKY,
Hence Ctore W. Might Be th Winning
Man In Jaauary..
Oregonlana know that .the MeBridu
always ha ben lucky In polities, and
that It haa been long time sine soma
on of them has not held offlo In this
State. Th friends of x8ntot McBrlde
will urge with good grace, to, that he
was an efficient worker for th State,
and that he made a good record, Tby
will remember, too, that he was plaued
upon the blacklist by the' Morning Ore
gonian. because h was a friend of Sen
ator Mitchell, for at that line anyone
who was a frlwd of Mr,' Mitchell sauid
viV find favor ill lh i's of th astai
editor or th Republican newspaper. In
consequence. Mr. McBrlde t(as knocked.
Now It's different, and it may be thjit
th controller of the Kepublloan journal
ism of Oregon will remember that Mo
Bride was for th gold standard whsn Mr.
Fulton was for free silver. People know
how obsequiously the Oregonlan worslilis
the gold standard, and that Its edtior
crosses himself whenever a free silver
man passe before him. or mentioned
In a political relation.
Empire
per iw of 10 hours, and will allow foui
other men to out, thresh and laa, plaet
in sacks anT"pll in lots of 10 tn th
fitild, an average of 12W saeks ef whe.-t
In a day.. In the old way with haadors
and threshers, this would require per
haps 40 men and aa qual number of
horses, whll tb expense for cutting ani
hauling Is entirely dons away with.
The grain la cut, threshed and cleaned
without the straw passing through th
hands-of single man.
As the machine Is- drawn across th
fields by the big engine the grain is gath
ered by the header and fails on an endWaa
apron r draper which carries it up to
the front part of the machine. Tbsr it Is
introducea to the cylinder, passes through
the separating proves, Is elevated to the
cleaner whieh is located on th top of
the separator, and recteaned, then it goes
to the saeksr where it Is sewed In sacks
rs Is the cagS with wdlnary threshera.
The sacks as dissbarged by the machine
tn lots of 10 as fast as they accumulat.
Cai-es are said to have occurred In Cali
fornia where grain was cut threshed.
. made Into, flour, and-ted to the machine
crew within 24 hours.
The machine cuts a swath 34 feet wide.
and the knife" can be. lowered so as to
catch short grain or that which has been
knocked down by rain or wind. This year
the saving in this section on this account
win amount to tnousanos of dollars, so
farmei's say. And the process of separa
I tion Is very complete and in many ways
1 new. On the reur of the engine Is located
a secondary engine drawing eteaqt frost
' the main holler. This engln can carry
40-horge power under high pressurs. Vropx
I this engine the separator gtts power, and
the machine can be kept at a certain
! speed even though the traction be Slow
I on account of grades or hills. The sep
' given motion, and it Is run until thai'
cylinder .and cleaner have discharged all
grain taken in. In this way the thesh
ing is finished N with absolutely no loss.
It is estimated by farmer who have used
these machines that good grain can be
cut threshed and sacked for about half
the ordinary price charged for threshing
alone- Were it possible to harvest all th
grain in this Inland section with' these
machines th saving would amount to
hundreds of thousands ot dollars annual "
ly-
THE MOVEMENT TO TIDEWATER.
Following 1 th harvest rush closely la
the annual shipment of the millions dt
bushels of grain to tidewater where it
falls Into the hands of. exporters and
ultimately finds a place In the markets
of the world. Few' people realise what a
monstrous undertaking It Is to move hun
dreds pf train loads- f wheat thousands
of cars ot on' eereal, from 200' to' ioa
miles to the ships lying in the harbor
waiting for It All the surplus grain
f r52!LJlLJh!s regiQiLgoea-toJb Jaetft -
either at Portland of Puget Sousd. and It
taxes the railroads to th fullest when
the movement -begins. By a peculiai
feature of human nature. It seems that
everybody sells at the same' time or re- '
fuses to sell in th same manner, and
thus It Is that everybody wants ears at
th samw particular time, and In sora
cases blockade have 'occurred, With
prices ranging abv Ed cents It Is pre
sumed that many farmers will sell hla
year, and an early movement of much ot
th crop Is predicted. . A. HERBSRI.
'I
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"A-
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