THE NEW ELDORADO
THE GOLD
AND
FIELDS OF ALASKA
THE YUKON.
Geography, Climate and Resources
of the Now Famous Be(ion of the
Far North Great Extent of Ground
to Be Prospected. . 1 .
Special Correspondence.
Purchased from Kussia in 1867 for
17,200,000, Alaska was a portion of the
United States for 80 years without at
tracting the attention its resources and
wealth merit. Everywhere apathy and
ignorance preaviled in regard to this
latest territorial Acquisition. Suddenly
this was changed. In a single day the
eyes of the entire world were turned to
Klondike, and there they remain fixed
On the 17th of last July the steamer
Portland sailed into port with $800,000
of gold on board, and to the ends of
the earth was telegraphed the story ef
the rich placer diggings discovered
'along the Klondike and its tributaries,
Then began that rush to the new mines
which has filled the news columns of
the press with its varied experiences for
four months. Ten thousand men
joined in it. Some are now at the
mines; others are scattered all along
- the trails from the coast to the Klon
dike; still others are at Juneau, Dyea
and Skaguay, awaiting a more favor
able time for the journey, while not a
few have returned to civilization, sat
isfied with their experience or to make
a fresh start under better circum
stances.' Great and exciting as was
this first rush, it was but the advance
ripple of the great wave of gold hunt
ers that will roll in upon the Alaskan
coast the coming spring. Probably not
less than 50,000 men will start for the
-Yukon next year, and possibly four
times this number may go. For this
reason a clear and succinct description
of Alaska and its resources, with a
brief review of its routes ot travel must
be of interest even to those who have
no intention of seeking the northern
wilderness.
In the first place, it must be under
stood that the Yukon river flows partly
through Canada and partly through the
United States, and that the Klondike
region is on the Canadian side of the
boundary line, though good placers, pos
sibly as good as those of the Klondike,
exist on the American side of the line.
Beginning at the Arctic ocean, the
boundary line runs due south along the
141st meridian as far as Mt. St. Elias,
10 marine leagues from the Pacific,
whence it follows the coast line, pre
serving a distance of 10 marine leagues
from it, in a southeasterly direction to
the latitude of Bi degrees and 40 min
utes, which becomes the southern limit.
All east of that line belongs to Can
ada, part being in the Northwest Ter
ritory and part in the province of Brit
ish Columbia, the dividing line run
ning east and west across both lakes
Bennett and Teslin. The present gold
discoveries are all north of the British
Columbia line, but no one can tell
what may .be revealed in the future.
That portion west of the boundary
line and belonging to the United States
constitutes Alaska proper, and contains
a total area of 617,703 square miles, of
which 37,696 square miles consist of
islands along the coast. It is "only on
these islands and a narrow strip of the
adjacent mainland that settlements
have been, made ; and industries de-
- veloped, except the gradual development
of gold placers along the Yukon, ending
with the recent startling discoveries.
The towns of Alaska consist of but half
a dozen of any prominence, besides the
new places on the Yukon. They are
Sitka, the capital, Juneau, Wrangel,
New Metlakahtla, Kodiak and Dutch
Harbor. Sitka is on Baranoff island,
off the southeast coast, and has a popu
lation of about 600. Juneau is on the
mainland,- about 100 miles further
north. It is the chief commercial city
and during" .the winter season its popu
lation exceeds 3,000. New Metlakahtla
is a mission and trading point near the
southern extremity, and Wrangel is a
trading point on the coast at the mouth
of. Stiokeen river. Kodiak is on the
island of the same name south of the
Alaskan peninsula, and is the seat of
the salmon packing industry. Dutch
Harbor is on the island of Unalaska, one
of the Aleutian group, where vessels
pass from the Pacifio into Behring sea.
- Alaska is a region of mountains,
there being no great valleys nor plains.
Along the coast a high range of moun
tains rises almost abruptly trom the
water's edge, deeply indented with long
arms of the sea. These present a series
of Alpine peaks of the most picturesque
description, the highest being the Fair
weather alps, exceeding 15,000 feet,
St. Elias and Logan exceeding 18,000
feet, and Wrangel, further to the north
west, said to be stTll higher. Down
the canyons of these coast mountains
many tremendous living glaciers flow
steadily to the ocean, filling the bays
and inlets with great masses of floating
ice. Beyond this coast range the moun
tains are lower, but almost continuous
as far north as the Arctic, and as far
east as the great plains of Mackenzie
river region. Yet there are many fine
mountain valleys, with occasional
stretches of rolling table land, in sum
mer time brilliant with a carpet of
grass, mosses and flowers.
. The coast mountains divide the cli
mate of Alaska into two distinct
classes. A branch of the warm Japan
-current-skirts thecoast, i ta influence
modifying the clim He of the islands
and adjacent mainland. - The average
temperature for July at Sitka is but
65 degrees, while the mean winter tem
perature is as high as 32 degrees. This
is the most equable climate in the
United States. The same causes pro
dace copious rains or continuous driz
eles, there being but an average of 66
clear days in a year. Across the sum
mit of the coast range conditions are
very different. The rains are cut off
by the high mountains, and the
warm ocean air is not felt. From No-
. veinher to April the mean temperature
remains continuously below the fieezing
point, often remaining for weeks at a
time below zero and occasionally going
as low as 60 or 70 degrees below sero.
It snows about one-third of the time in
winter, but the snow does not become
excessively deep, though frequently the
storms are very severe.
The mean temperature of the interior
during the summer months is 60 to 70
degrees, there being many ""very warm
days. The Yukon region, being so far
north, has the long summer days and
long winter nights of that latitude,
though, being south of the Arctic cir
cle, it just misses the continuous day
and continuous night of the. Arctic
summer and winter.
.Aside from gold, the chief resources
of Alaska are timber, fish and fur-bearing
animals, including the famous fur
seals which are giving the United
States, Great Britain, Kussia and Ja
pan so much trouble. Salmon are
plentiful in all the . streams, of the
islands and mainland, and millions are
annually packed for market. 'Halibut
and cod, herring and smelt, or -oola-chon,
abound and have become of great
commercial importance. The seal and
sea otter in the water, and the fox,
bear, lynx, otter, heaver, etc., on land,
contribute thousands of their skins an
nually to the world's fur supply. The
fur trade is handled by the Alaska
Commercial Company and the North
west Trading and Transportation Com
pany, both of which have headquarters
on St. Michaels island, near the mouth
of the Yukon, while the Hudson's Bay
Company operates on the Canadian
side of the line.
Coal and coal oil have both been
discovered and may be of future value.
The timber of the coast and islands
grows very large, owing to the humid
atmosphere. It is chiefly cedar; spruce
and hemlock. It has been little used
thus far, though several small mills
have cut it" for local purposes. The
timber of the interior is much smaller,
and is found only along the lakes and
water courses. It fa chiefly spruce,
alder, cottonwood and willow. Several
small mills have been taken in for cut
ting this timber. Agriculture is as
yet an experiment, but little having
been at tern d ted. Conditions on the
islands are favorable for grass and such
vegetables and cereals as mature quick
ly. Even - along the Yukon region
summer vegetables may be grown and
possibly wheat. - A few years will show
what can be done in agriculture and
stock raising. " .
The great interest in Alaska at the
present time centers in the Yukon
placers on both sides of the boundary
line. Prospecting on the Yukon began
in 1881. In the tall ot. 1883 the
first gold was brought to Jjneau from
the interior. The next year 300 men
crossed the mountains and the number
of miners steadily increased each year.
The first work was on Stewart river and
then Big Salmon, both in Canada. In
1886 the Forty-Mile creek placers, also
in Uanana, were discovered, and the
next year the famous Franklin gulch,
on the same stream. In 1892 the Miller
creek diggings were found, also a tribu
tary of Forty-Mile, and on the Cana
dian side of the line. The next year
there was a large influx of miners, fully
300 working in the Forty-Mile district.
In 1893 the first important discover
ies on the American side of the line
were made tn Birch creek, and the
town of Circle City, now having 500 log
houses, was started on the Yukon as a
supply point. The next year over
$400,000 were taken out along - Birch
creek and Forty-Mile. In 1895 Eagle
and Porcupine creeks began to produce
in the Birch creek district. The total
output of that year exceeded $700,000.
In August, 1896, it was reported at
Forty-Mile and Circle City that won
derfully rich placers had been discov
ered on the Klondike, a small tributary
of the Yukon entering that river about
50 miles southeast of the international
boundary and on Canadian territory.
There was a great rush to the new dig
gings, the older ones being nearly de
serted. In a few days $1,000 were
taken out on Bonanza creek, a tributary
of the Klondike. By January 1, 1897,
400 claims had been located on Bonanza
and Eldorado creeks, and 200 on Hunker
creek, and later many others on Bear,
Gold Bottom an.1 Too-Much-Gold creeks
and their tributaries. Fully $1,400,
000 were taken from the Yukon placers
in 1896.
It was not so much the amount of
gold brought out by the first steamer to
come down last summer, as the'news
that this was the result of but a little
work in a few claims only, and that
there would have been many times as
much had the hundreds of other claims
been worked in time to send the gold
out, which caused the excitement. The
method of working these' mines is to
sink a shaft into the frozen ground in
winter, taking out the rich gravel near
bed-rock and piling it up to be washed
out when the water runs in summer
time. For this reason the gold washed
out last summer could not be sent
,
away, and will not be brought down '
until next July, when it is exuected
that several millions of dollars will
come out as the result of the first year's
work along the Klondike. The com
mercial point for the Klondike district
is the new town of Dawson City, situ
ated on the Yukon just below the
mouth of the Klondike and reached by
river steamers.
The Yukon &nr fiplrla evfonrl
thousand miles along the stream, with '
a width of 500 miles. In this vast area
there are. hundreds of streams and
gulches, offering ample room .for the
thousands of gold seekers to prospect for
new diggings. The new discoveries re
ported this year are on Dominion creek
and on the tributaries of the Stewart
river, on the Canadian side, and on
Munnook-creek and its tributaries on
the Alaska side, near the mouth of the
latter the new town of Eampart City
having sprung up.
Not all of the thousands who go to
Alaska next year will seek fortune on
the Yukon. Some will go further
north to the streams flowing into Kotz
bue sound, where discoveries are report
ed. Others will go to Copper river,
flowing south into Prince William
sound and heading in the same region
as the Munnook and Birch creeks, and
still others will prospect along the
streams falling into Cook's inlet, where
rich placers have been worked for sev
eral years. The region where prospect
ing will be done is as large as the en
tire Paoific coast west of the Rocky.
mountains, and should many new dis
coveries be made a population of half a
million people may be expected in a
few years
' Firelighters are made in Germany
by twisting wood into a rope, cutting
it into short lengths, and dipping the
ends of the pieces into melted resin..
THE FARM AND HOME
MATTERS OF INTERESTTO FARM
ER AND HOUSEWIFE.
Discussion and Co-operation Aid in
attaining Profitable Results - Keep
the Implements in a Tool House-
How to Destroy Alders Poulry Notes
Farmers' Clubs.
It has been clearly demonstrated the
past few years that farming, above all
other occupations, requires the exercise
of intelligence on the part of those who
follow it. An eminent agriculturist on
being asked how he fertilized his fruit
ful acres, made, the significant remark
that he "used brains." Had his exam
ple been generally followed, there
would have been less reason .the past
few years to complain of hard times
and the effects pf low prices for farm
products. Those who farm intelligent
ly may not succeed in every case, but
nine times of every ten they have the
advantage.
In order to keep pace with the march
of progress, there should be an inter
change of views and- experiences
among intelligent .cultivators of the
soil. There is no better way to secure
this than through the medium of far
mers' clubs, organized and conducted
so as to accomplish the greatest possi
ble amount of good. Every neighbor
hood should have one of these clubs,
They are deservedly popular, and they
are destined to supersede the old-fash
loned agricultural exhibitions where
the monstrosities of the farm "were
shown to an admiring world. The aim
to-day is to attain profitable results
from the tillage of the soil, and not to
win prizes for the fattest ox or . the
largest pumpkin.
uiscusslon and co-operation among
farmers are undoubtedly aids in this
direction. During the long winter even
ings wnicn win soon be at band, an
opportunity will be offered for these.
Ideas will be obtained which can be
put into practice next season. Sugges
tions as to the best paying crops and
how to cultivate them are always In or
der at these gatherings. Farming Is a
different occupation from what it was
a half century ago, and the agricultur
ist of the present must keep up with
the progress of the age. Questions of
transportation and the marketing of
crops in competition with the great
West are more important that ever.
Every agency which willv aid , In solv
ing the problems confronting farmers
Is valuable, and there Is reason to be
lieve that few exceed in value the
neighborhood club. Norristown Her
ald. A Farm Toolhouse.
What a farmer's toolhouse should be,
and the tools It should contain, depends
altogether upon the ability of the far
mer. It is not to be supposed that he
would equip himself with a full set of
blacksmith, wagon-maker, carpenter,
harness or shoe tools, but a few of each
comes handy every few days. Every
farmer, land owner, or renter, needs a
good handsaw, a square, good augers,
from two inches down to the size com
monly used in the braces, etc.
When buying small bits, It pays to
buy drill bits. They do not splin thin
lumber in boring, and they pay for
themselves the first job. A post maul,
wire stretcher, planes, cold chisels.
drawing knife, copper rivet tools and a
good claw hammer are essential and
necessary -tools. With proper care there
need be but a few breakages that can
not be repaired- at home. Having con
fidence In our own ability to do almost
any kind of common repairing is half
the Job.
We small farmers are not all suppos
ed to have a fine workshop or toolhouse
with our work bench and vise, but we
can have a shed to store our farm- im
plements in, and while doing that we
I can make room for the few tools we
i possess. No man able to own farm ma
( ohinery can afford to let it stand out
. and rust and rot away, just to try his
j hand at repairing. I have a rough shed
12x24, that sheds a binder, mower, sul
j ky plow, riding cultivator, walking stir
ring plow, steel harrow, buggy, a two
I seated carriage, and there is plenty of
I room for all the small tools the average
farmer needs. Go and build- one like
wise. Colman's Rural World.
Destroying Alders.
The common sweet alder often be
comes a nuisance, as its seeds are left
by birds in the corners of old rail
fences, where a clump of them will
soon grow. It is not a difficult shrub
to uproot and destroy, as its root, like
its top growth, is very soft, and easily
cut. All that Is necessary is to dig on
the side of the clump next to the fence,
and then hitch a span of horses to a
Chain hnllnrl tifrhtv grminrl ff kn.t.
" " ...... L.l LUill.
close to the ground. As the horses
pull, the roots will come Into view, and
can be cut off with even a dull ax, as
the strain on the roots will make them
easily severed. It Is only the work of
two or three hours for two men and
team to destroy a large clump. If tne
fence can be taken down and the
ground plowed and newly seeded, a
fine turf will be a year hence in the
ders,
space now occupied by worthless al-
Care of the Sheep.
Those, who set out to feed sheep will
do well to observe a few essentials.
First among these is a dry yard. It
need not be large, "but must be "ry
and well bedded. Keep It fresh and
j clean. Next, insist on. absolute quiet
of the sheep. If necessary, keep ev
erybody and everything out of the yard
except the man who feeds them. Let
nothing frighten or disturb them. Wild,
restless sheep never fatten rapidly. An
other essential is constant access to
clean, wholesome water. Feed at reg
ular intervals and at a uniform ration.
Make all changes gradually. Sheep
cannot be put on to fall feed in as short
time as cattle. Feeding too heavily at
the start is a very common mistake In
all kinds of feeding. It Is of the ut
most importance to start right. An ani
mal that Is overfed at the start rarely'
does as well afterward. Farm and
Fireside. -
To Keep Frnit in Winter.
If fruit and vegetables must be kept
in the house cellar, a room should be
partitioned off in the coldest part, if the
other Is too warm, and made secure
against rats and mice. This Is best
! done by having the partition of brick
and the floor of good cement, laid so
; that the rats cannot undermine It. N.
t language can describe one's feelings on
discovering the work of a family ori
rats In bins of apples, potatoes or other j
vegetables. Such a room should have a
window open to the north, if possible,
securely protected by wire screen, so
that cold air can be let In when needed.
Keep apples on the coldest side and
potatoes on the warmest, if there is
danger of freezing. In extreme cold
weather an occasional pall of hot
water or a lamp or two may be needed,
but the colder such rooms are, up to
the danger point, the better stuff will
keep. Some think that young grass
cannot bear sunshine, and that a grain
crop Is needed to protect it. A nurse
crop In winter is often of benefit by '
holding the snow, and thus shielding
the . tender grass from cold, ' drying
winds; but in summer grass likes sun
Tl. sran
shine, as well as does grain.
robs the grass of needed moisture when
both grow together. New England
Farmer.
Black vs. White Oats.
The popular prejudice in this coun
try Is for white oats, as is generally
explained because the black oats have
much thicker and harsher chaff. But
this is not always the case. The black
oats are generally heavier, and for this
reason they are mostly grown In North
ern Europe. It is in the moister Euro
pean climate, rather than In our dry
and hot American summers, that the
oat attains Its highest excellence. The
tendency of oats is to run out in this
country, though if only heavy oats are
used for seed, and the seed Is sown
early, so that it will tiller, good crops
can be grown several years before the
seed needs renewing. When new seed
is secured, It is usually called by some
high-sounding name. Black Norway,
Russian or Irish. Yet we believe as
good seed can be grown In Maine as
anywhere, and It will pay more South
ern farmers to procure Maine oats for
seed when their home-grown oats be
gin to deteriorate. It never pays to use
poor seed, lr neavy oats alone are
sown, a smaller quantity or seed win
be sufficient, as the plants will spread
more. .
, How to Set Fence Posts.
In taking up 200 rods of board and
post fence more than twenty-five years
ago, I found that nine out of ten of the
locust posts that were strong enough
to reset were those that had been put
In the ground top end down or the re
verse of the way they grew in the tree.
Those that lasted best were round .re
gardless of size. Split posts, no mat
ter how large, decayed more rapidly-
than round ones. Where there were no
knots in the post there appeared to be
little difference between the soundness
of those set upside down or upright. If
there were knots, however, those stand
ing upright took water more readily
than those placed upside down. Dur
ing my fifty years' experience with tim
ber, I find that posts cut in the late au
tumn and winter months before the
sap begins to ascend last longer than
when cut In early spring or during the
summer. I have also found that If
posts are cut in the autumn and win
ter, they will last longer if put in the
ground green than if kept out until they
are seasoned or thoroughly dried. Jo
seph Allen.
Antiquity of Wheat.
It Is believed now" that wheat is the
oldest of the cereal grains, as It un
questionably is the most important for
human civilization and progress, it
probably originated In Eastern As.a,
which is also supposed to have been
the place where man originated. There
are many kinds of wheat, one of the
oldest being a variety which produces
a number of ears on each stalk. What
is called corn in fhe Bible story of Jo
seph in Egypt was probably this va
riety of wheat. At no former period
in human history was wheat so gener
ally used for human food as it is at
present.
s
Drink for Fattening Cows.
Cattle which are stall fed and are
fattened fast drink very little water. If
they are given roots or pumpkins the
moisture these contain supplies their
needs, so that though water be offered
them twice a day they will drink very
little. It is not best generally to try to
entice fattening cattle to drink much
water. The more water is drank, the
more digestion is interfered with. It
has often been noted that people who
are very fat drink very little, and not
at all during meals. Yet there are ex
ceptions to this rule.
Have Good Tools. .
Good tools and implements are better
than .those that are apparently cheap
but worthless. On a farm every tool
should be sharp; in fact, not one should
be allowed to become dull. The dif
ference in the amount of work in a
day with a sharp tool, compared with
a dull one, may be more than the value
of the tool.
An Amusing Sight.
One of the most amusing sights at
the fairs Is the dairy farmer ridiculing
the "fancy" farmer, who gets more
milk and butter from one good cow
than the dairy man does from four
scrubs.
- Poultry Motes.
Poultry requires salt the same as ani
mals.
Keep all laying hens quiet and com
fortable.
Generally fifty fowls Is as many as
should be kept together.
Low-priced poultry must have plenty
of opportunity for exercise.
Fowls being fattened In confinement
should have plenty of gravel.
If the hens begin to eat feathers, feed
them seasoned food, and give them a
grassy run.
Much of the diseases to which poul
try are subject may be traced to a
want of ventilation.
Do not be guilty of selling only "fair
specimens" for breeders; it will prove
poor economy.
Usually there Is more profit In mar
keting poultry early than at any other
time.
Leg weakness In young fowls nearly
always comes from high feeding and
quick growth.
Lime Is a great purifier, and can be
used to an advantage to wash the
coops, percnes and nest boxes. ,
Ducks should always be allowed as
much liberty as possible, as they do not
bear confinement well..
On many,,farins poultry keeping can
be made auxiliary to the other farm
work without Infringing upon It, and
be made, to bring in good returns.
Grange Bulletin.- v
NEVE It AWAKE.
Some people will never wake up till the
fast horn blows, and then they'll ask if
that's the horn for dinuer. Delays are dan
gerous and ruinous. Thousands can say if
they hadn't put off an opportunity, they
' would have been rich and happy. Some
llnTmTin pafn,
thinking it will pass off. But St. Jacobs
. Oil never delays, and is always wide awake.
It goes straight to its work of cure in a bus
iness wav, and cures rheumatism m any
form a id at its worst stage. It's a live
remedy.
Mid-Channel Mines a Failure.
The recent experiments made by a
special commission to ascertain wheth
er the mines laid in the Dardanelles
are capable of preventing the passage
of ships have proved the utter useless-
ness of the present mines, .and at the
same time the extreme difficulty of lay
ing down mines at all on account of the
strong current.
A BIG BEODL1B ABUT.
The mightiest host of this sort is the army of
invalids whose bowels, livers and stomachs hare
teen regulated by Hostetter's Stomach Bitters.
A regular habit of body is brought about
through using the Bitters, not by violently agi
tating and griping the intestines, but b rein
forcing their energy and causing a flow of the
bile into its proper channel. Malaria, la grippe,
dyspepsia, and a tendency to inactivity of the
kidneys, are conquered by the Bitters.
Proposed Floating Tunnel.
In connection with the railway com
munication between Scotland and Ire
land it - is proposed to send trains
through a tunnel which shall float at a
depth of 60 "feet below the surface, and
which shall be kept steadily in its place
by means of anchors.
AN OPEN LETTER TO MOTHERS.
We are asserting in the courts onr right to the
exclusive use of the word "CASTORIA," and
FITCHKK'S CASTORIA," as our Trade Mark.
I, Dr. Samuel Pitcher, of Hyannis, Massachusetts,
was the originator of PITCHER'S CAS rORIA,"
the same that has borne and does now bear the
fac-slraile signature of CHAS. H. FLETCHER on
every wrapper. This is the original " PITCHER'S
CASTORIA " which has been used in the homes
of the mothers of America for over thirty years.
"Look Carefully at the wrapper and see that it is
the kind you have always bought, and has the
signature of CHAS. H. FLETCHER on the
wrapper. No one has authority from me to use
my name except The Centaur Company of which
Chas. H. Fletcher is President.
March 8, 1897. SAMUEL PITCHER, MJX
A False Prophet.
The reputation of a certain well
known "prophet" in London, who but
lately announced positively the end of
the world in 1900, has been seriously
impaired by the fact that a fortnight
ago it was discovered that be had since
paid a high premium to secure the
lease of business premises for 15 years.
Bread can now be cut and buttered
by machinery. The machine has been
invented for use in prisons, work
houses and reformatories. A cylin
drical shaped brush lays a thin layer
of butter on the bread as it comes from
the cutter.
Berlin, Germany, is to have an un
derground electric railway to connect
the northern and southern sections of
the city. Trains will run on a head
way of three minutes and carry 160
passengers at a speed of from 20 to 35
kilometers per hour.
Benjamin Biasell, who lives near
Ballston Spa, N. Y., says he has voted
for 18 presidential candidates, not one
of whom was elected.
FREE TO OUR READERS.
Our readers will be pleased to learn
that the great discovery, Dr. Kilmer's
-Swamp-Boot, has been so universally
successful in quickly curing all forms
of kidney and . bladder troubles, that
those who wish to Prove for themselves
its wonderful merit may have a sample
bottle and a book of valuable informa
tion both sent absolutelv free by mail
Nothing could be fairer or more gener
ous than this liberal offer, and we ad
vise our readers to write, mentioning
this paper, and send their address to
Dr. Kilmer & Co., Binghamton, N. Y.
Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-Root is the dis
covery of a great physician, and as
such is not recommended for every
thing, but will be found just what is
needed in cases of kidney and bladder
disorders or troubles arising from
weak kidneys, such as gravel, rheuma
tism, pain or dull ache in the back, too
frequent desire jto pass water, scanty
supply, smarting or burning in passing
it. Swamp-Root stands the highest
for its wonderful cures. The regular
sizes are sold by druggists, price 50
cents and one dollar.
English Peers.
Of the entire number of English peer
ages, only five go back as far as the
13th century. Of the 538 temporal
peers, 350 have been created during the
present century, 126 during the last-
century, and only 63 trace their titles
beyond the year 1700.
A HEALTHY WIFE
Is a Husband's Inspiration.
A sickly, half-dead-and-alive woman,
especially when she is the mother of
a family, is a damper to all joyous-'
ness in the home.
If a woman finds that her energies
are flagging and that everything tirss
her, her sleep is disturbed by horrible
dreams, and that she often wakes
suddenly in the night with a feeling
of suffocation and alarm, she must at
once regain her strength. .
The following from Mbs. F. S. Ben
mjext, Westphalia, Sans., shows the
power of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vege
table Compound, and a letter of advice:
"Dear Mrs. Pinkham: I have suf
fered for over two years with falling,
enlargement and ulceration of the
womb, and this
spring, being in
such a weak
ened condition,
caused me to
flow for nearly
bIx months.
Some time
ago, urged
by friends,
I wrote to
you for advice.
After using .-AN ne rea;men
which you If advised for a
short time, that terrible flow stopped'
I am now gaining- strength and flesh
and have better health than I have had
for the past ten years."
g&
cnnrs WHfflf ill USE Fills.
Best Cough byrup. Tastes Good. CM
la ooia dv arc vises.
E1
The South Polar Expedition.
The commercial and scientific expedi
tion to the South Pole, under Herr
Borchgrevinck, will start from England
next July. " Inquiries are now being
made for. a suitable ship in Scotland
and Norway. The object will be to
reach Gape Adairi and proceed to the
South Pole on Snowshoes. The party
will include several scientific men.
Herr Borchgrdevinck will go to Norway
at Christmas, and, with some Nor
wegian friends, practice snow-shoe run
ning. -
HOW TO FIND OUT.
Fill a bottle or common glass with
urine and let it stand 24 hours; a sedi
ment or settling indicates an unhealthy
condition of the kidneys. When urine
stains linen it is evidence of kidney
trouble. Too frequent desire to urinate
or pain in the back is also convincing
proof that the kidneys and bladder are
out of order.
WHAT TO DO.
There is. comfort in the knowledge so
often expressed, that Dr. Kilmer's
Swamp-Root, the great kidney remedy,
fulfills every wish in relieving pain in
the back, kidneys, liver, bladder and
every part of .the urinary passages. It
corrects inability to hold urine and
scalding pain in passing it, or bad
effects following use of liquor, wine or
beer, and overcomes that unpleasant
necessity of being compelled to get up
many times during the night to urinate.
The mild and the extraordinary effect
of Swamp-Root is soon realized. It
stands the highest for its wonder
ful cures of the most distressing cases.
If you need a medicine you should
have the best. Sold by druggists, price
fifty cents and one dollar. So remark
ably successful has Swamp-Root been
that if you wish to prove its great
merit, you may have a sample bottle
and pamphlet both sent free by mail.
"Mention this paper and send your ad
dress to Dr. Kilmer & Co., Bingham
ton, N. Y. The proprietors of this
paper guarantee the genuineness of this
oner. .
Sensational Predictions.
u'd Moore's almanac, which won
notoriety the past year by predicting
the Paris fire, predicts for 1898 a ter
rible civil war in the United States,
the death of the czar and the kidnap
ping of the young king of Spain, and
that about the second week of Kovem
ber of that year communication will be
opened up with Mars.
"King Solomon's Treasure," only Aphrodisiacs!
Tonic known. (See Dictionary.) $5.00 a box, 3
weeks1 treatment. Mason Chemical Co., P. O. Box
747, Philadelphia, Pa.
The Century Magazine for 1898.
The-Century Magazine, with its No
vember number, enters its . twenty
seventh year. During its long exist
ence, by reason of its many notable
successes, it has won an assured and
commanding position. During the
coming year The Century will maintain
its exceptional position as a magazine
of entertainment and as a leader-in art
and thought. . " ,
, Its pictorial features will be notable,
and it will command the services of the
foremost artists, illustrators and en
gravers of this country and of Europe.
Nothing like a complete announce
ment cf. its literary features can be at
tempted now. Dr. Weir Mitchell,
whose novel of the American Revolu
tion, "Hugh Wynne," is the great, suc
cess of the year, has written a new
story for the present volume. It bears
the piquant title: "The Adventures
of Francois: Foundling, Adventurer,
Juggler and Fencing-Master during the
French Revolution." The tale is full
of romance and adventure. Mrs. Bur
ton Harrison contributes a new novel
of New York life, called "Good Ameri
cans," in which contemporaneous social
types and tendencies are brightly mir
rored and described.
xhere will be a group of clever stories
about horses and people who like
horses, under-the general title of "Gal
lops." "A Woman's Reminescences of
the French Intervention in Mexico"
will be given in a series of graphic and
highly picturesque papers by Mrs. Cor
nelius Stevenson. Further contribu
tions to the interesting series of
"Heroes of Peace" will be made bv
Jacob A. Riis, Gustav Kobbe, Elizabeth
Stuart Phelps Ward, and others.
For the benefit of readers of The
Century an unusual combination offer
is made for this year. There has been
issued "The Century Gallery of One
Hundred Portraits," made up of the
finest engravings that have appeared in
the magazine, and representing a total
expenditure of nearly $30,000. These
are printed on heavy plate paper, with
wide margins, like proofs. The retail
price of the gallery is $7.50, but this
year it will be sold only in connection
with a subscription to The Century,
the price of dtbe two together being
$6.50. .
Piso'a Cure for Consumption is our only
medicine for coughs and colds. Mrs. 0.
Beltz, 439 8th ave., Denver, Col., Nov. 8, '95.
The earth probably receives about
one two-thqusandth-millionth part of
the total radiation of the sun's ravs.
Try Schilling's Best tea and baking powder.
The production of India rubber t in
Mexico is attracting attention, and the
samples which have been exhibited are
said to be of fine quality.
mW444s4SSSiS4S.
Bay
Hercules Special
(2)4 actual horsepower)
Price, only $185.
- v." "if" T 1
L $200022
Schilling's Best baking pow
der is such baking powder as
you would ask us to make if
you knew the facts.
A Schilling & Company
. baa rranctsco
The man who discovered the Ameri
can beauty rose is worth $50,000, all of
which he made out of the peerless
flower, which unites all the qualities
of a perfect rose.
HOW'S THIS ?
We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward for any
case of Catarrh that cannot be cured by Hall's
Catarrh Cure.
F. J. CHENEY & CO.. Toledo. O.
We, the undersigned, have known F. J. Cheney
for the last 15 years, and believe him perfectly
hororable in all business transactions and
finnncially able to carry out any obligation!
made bv their firm,
West&Truax.
Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, O.
Waldino, Kinnan & Marvin,
Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, O.
Flail's Catarrh Cure is taken internally, act
ing directly upon the blood and mucous sur
faces of the system. Testimonials free. Pries
7oc. per bottle. Sold by all druggists.
Hall's Family Pills are the best.
The United States has 70,000,000
population, . Europe has 380,000,000.
But the TTnited States postoffioe han
dles about as much mail matter as all
Europe put together.
HOME PRODUCTS AND PURK FOOD.
All Eastern Syrnp, so-called, nsuallv very
light colored and of heavy body, is made from
glucose. "Tea Garden Orips" is made from
Sugar Cane and is strictly pure. It is for sale
by first-class grocers, in cans onlv. Manufac
tured by the Pacific Coast Syrup Co. All gen
uine "Tea Garden Drips" have the manufac
turer's name lithograihed on every can.
When yon feel that soreness In your back,
that dull pain near your kidneys, it is time to
do something for yourself, for these symptoms
are serions indications of a growing disease in
the most vital functions. Get Dr. Sanden'i
Electric Belt at once. It will cure yon.
SANDEN ELECTRIC BELT CO.'
253 West Washington St., Portlwnd, Or.
Please mention this Paper.
A Cart-Load of Gold
6. . .
"If you dumped m
cart-load of gold at my
fet t it would not brinr
such joy and gladness
into my life." So writes
a prominent man after
using the method of
self-treatment that has
restored so many men
who had been wrecked
by excesses, over-work
or evil habits bt youth.
makes It all plain may be had without charge
by writing THE ERIE MEDICAIC0.,
65 Niagara St., Buffalo, N. Y."
No C O. D. scheme : no patent medicines
just the book under plain letter seal.
BASE BALLGOQDS WSJS?
We carry the most complete line of Gymnasium
and A thletic Goods on the Coast. .
SUITS AID UNIFORMS MADE TO ORDER.
Send for Our Athletic Catalogue.
WILL & FINCK CO.,
818-820 Market St.. San Vrancisoo, Cat.
WHEAT
Make money by succesful
speculation in Chicago'. We
buy and sell wheat on mar
gins. Fortunes have been
made on a small beginning by trading in fu
tures. Write for full particulars. Best of ret-
erence given. Several years' experience on tha
Chicago Board of Trade, and a thorough know
ledge of the business. Send for our free refer
ence book. DOWNING, HOPKINS Co.,
Chicago Board of Trade Brokers. Offices in
Portland, Oregon and Seattle, Wash. -
Tne Famous Wan Bromfi Gross
Yields double the amount of any other grass
for hay or pasture. Will stand the dry season
and grows as vigorously in September as in
June. It grows on dry hills where nothing else
will grow. It solves the problem of pasturage
in the northwest country. Price 20c per pound.
Address all orders to M. .T. SHIKLOS,
Moscow, Idaho
Drugs...
Patent Medicines
at Cut Rates...
W00DARD, CLARKE 4 CO.
Wholesale and Eetail Druggists, Portland. -
ILLUSTRATED
CATALOGS
- FREE
Buell
Lambferson
180 FRONT ST
Portland. Or.
NORTHERN .
T" ' '"' Vh7 ldreiT Ve e t h inqT r,ww71
f Mrs. Wikslow'b Sootiuhq Strup should always bo 5
9 used for children teething. It soothes the child. sort-a ,
h ens the sums. allAVB all oain. cures wind collc.&nd lfl
S the best remedr (or diarrhea. Twenty fire cent! a
RODS
for tracing and locating Gold or Silver
Ore. lost or buried treasures. M. !
FOWLEB, Box 337. South Ington, Conn.
N. P. N. V. No. 48, '97.
WHEN -writing; to advertisers, pleasa
mention this paper.
4
free
I to all!
VmenJ1
GROWN
POWER
...FOR... .
PROFIT
Power that will save you money and
make you money. Hercules' Engines
are the cheapest power known. Burn
Gasoline or Distillate Oil; no smoke,
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dairy or farm machinery, they have no
- equal. Automatic in action, perfectly
safe and reliable.
Send for illustrated catalog.
Hercules Gas
Engine Works
St, San Francisco, Cal.
I