TIIK MOttNING ASTOUIAN, ASTORIA, OMEGON.
FRIDAY, MARCH 20, 1908.
i iMim mi irHMlt II I J Mill I II
We Have Received Our New Assortment
jMRDIN lERESt-l-''
and FERN D LS.fr ES
In Matt Green. ... SeeVindowJpjsrdjgr
A. V. ALLEN
SOLE AGENT FOR BAKER'S BAKRINGTON HALL STEEL, j
BRANCH PHONE-713
PHONES-711 AND 3871
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ELECTRIC M0TO8
The Construction of Them Very
Caieiully Explained.
POWERFUL MAGNETIC FORCE
SHOCK AND REACTION
FROM BAD NEWS
REPORT OF THe! DROWNING
OF HERBERT FURNEY AND
ITS DISPROOF BY HIS AR
RIVAL AT HOME.
the boat. He came to the surface
on the other side and struck out bold
ly for the bank. But the men on
board, having scut him disappear
under the vessel, took no note of his
subsequent rise and success in reach
ing the shore, but rushed to the Niemi
home and sent the fearful message
. .1. I i I. . i t -
imo inc city oeiorc ne couiu stop u
When he did appear among them
again, the news was already at his
home and his sole thought then was
to get there as fast as possible and
give his devoted mother the strong
counter-proof of his presence, in dis
sipating the horrid conviction of his
death. The "Swift" was turned home
ward and speeded for all she 'was
worth, and in a short while he was
there in the flesh, to the abounding
joy of all concerned.
The news spread rapidly over, the
city and gave the friends of the fam
ily a severe shock, but the happier
intelligence of the mistake was just
as rapid in circulating and those who
grieved in the first instance rejoiced.
in the reaction that came with the
denounement
Yesterday afternoon about 2:30
o'clock a telephone message was re
ceived at the home of Mrs. Elizabeth
Rich, 75 Fifth street, from some point
out on Young's River, advising that
lady of the death, by drowning, of
Herbert Furney, the well known
young launch man of this port, who
dwells on Sixth street, between Bond
and Commercial, with his widowed
mother, Mrs. Elizabeth Furney, whose
mainstay in life he is; and begging
Mrs. Rich to break the awful news at
the Furney home.
The t3sk was a very trying one to
Mrs. Rich who is a devoted friend of
the Furney family, especially as it
was but six short weeks ago, that
Mrs. Furney was called upon to lay
away her eldest daughter, a promis
ing and lovely girl; but it had to be
done and she was the closest and best
friend near at hand, to do the heart ,
breaking errand. She called in a
neighboring lady friend and the two
went to the Furney home, and in
terms as gentle and soothing as were
possible under the dreadful stress,
told the news to stricken mother.
Mrs. Furney sank under the blow
and was taken to her room where all
that was in the province of kindly
ministration was done for her by Mrs.
Rich, and others who had called to
sympathize and render such aid as
might be timely. Rev. John Waters,
rector of St Mary's Catholic Church,
was soon with the sorrowing mother
and gave her the consolation and
peace derivable from such abundant
source. As he left the room to go
down stairs on her way out, he met
a young man at the head of the stairs,
who, for the instant, he took to be
the brother of the lost son (the boys
look very much alike), but his amaze-
men may be better imagined than j he was going to make an investiga
described when he realized that it ! tion of the question of submarine de
was Herbert, alive and well, and not ( fense on the Pacific and particularly,
Albert, the second son. In an instant I believe, in reference to Puget Sound
mother and son were united and the and that he was immensely interested
terrible mistake in course of grateful in the subject, having been a war cor
explanation. respondent for various papers, and
It seems that Herbert had gone to that he would like to send me a re-
Just as the Task Seems to be Com
pleted the Little Revolving Commu
tator Has Reversed the Current and
Work Has to be Done Over Again,
CONTINUES SPEECH
(Continued from page 1)
ripened to a point of falling, but he
did not think they should .be hailed
as benefactors afterwards."
During his speech occasional con
versations occurred between the Sen
ators on the Republican side caused
La Folette to discontinue reading
his remarks. On one occasion he re
marked: "If there are any comments
on my remarks I would be glad to
have them made so audibly that I
can hear them." La Follette said this
was not the first time in the hiMory
that the chairman of the finance com
mittee has brought in propositions by
executive decree to work the railroad
bonds into the treasury department.
After ' speaking more than two
hours and a half, La Follette yielded
the floor with the statement that he
will resume his speech Monday next.
SUBMARINE BOAT QUERY
(Continued from page 4)
Young's River on the launch "Swift"
cn business, and while she was lying
at one of the landings above Young's
Bay, severeal little children gathered
on the decks of the launch and were
playing about as children will. One
little girl, a daughter of Harry
Nicmi's, stumbled in the course of a
frolic, and plunged over the side into
the fast running ebb of the tide, and
Herbert, seeing the mischance went
over the side in a flash, calling upon
the other men on board to stand by;
just as he was about to grasp the
little one, one of the men on the
launch reached down and grabbed
her, lifting her to the deck and safety,
while the tide caught young turney
port of what he found. I answered
him that of course I should be very
glad to receive such a report from
him or any other man who might in
vestigate the subject. He sent a let
ter on the subject a few weeks later
which I transmitted to the Secretary
of the Navy. I have transmitted doz
ens of similar letters from men who
have told me of investigations that
they have made or of facts which they
had found or, suggestions which they
believed were important. It is the
usual course; it was followed in this
instance exactly as in all similar
cases. Sincerely yours,
"THEODORE ROOSEELT,
"George L. Lilley, House of Rep-
and swept him beneath the hull of resentatives."
Having returned from San Francisco with a splendid stock of spring
and tammer suitings of the latest style and having spent several weeks
in studying the fashions prevalent in that city, we are now more than
ever in a position to give thorough satisfaction to the most fastidious
dresser. NOT IN WORDS, BUT IN DEEDS.
HAUTALA & RAITANEN
Tailors, Corner Eleventh and Bond Streets
Small wonder that this is the age
of electric power when human minds
seek daily for new applications of the
motor to rest the tired and worn
muscles of human bodies. Industry
after industry has been electrified
machine after machine has been di
rect connected to the labor and time
saving electric motors. From the
dainty little motor, small enough for
a watch charm to the monster 6.000
h. p. motor used in the steel mills at
Gary, Ind., the powerful little engines
are made in every size and installed
wherever power is required, until to
day nearly 2.000,000 electrical horse
power is used in this country alone.
So rapidly is the demand increasing
for electric motors throughout the in
dustrial world that the great plants
of the General Electric Company dur
ing the year just closed averaged
nearly 3,000 motors of all sizes each
month to keep pace with the orders.
With all these motors scattered
broadcast over the land and used
daily by thousands very few people,
outside of the practical electricians,
understand thcorking principles of
the motor beyond the fact that it is
a device which does jmechanical work
at the expense of electrical energy,
N'ow everyone knows that a magnet
will attract the opposite pole of an
other magnet and will exert alt its
energy to pull it around. It is also
well-known that every magnet placed
in a magnetic field tends to turn
around and set itself along the lines
of force. The compass is but a small
balanced magnet which, in setting it
self parallel with the earth's lines of
magnet force, points north and south.
These facts were well-known "by
scientists at the time of the invention
of the electro-magnet by Faraday in
1826, which gave to the world a mag
net which could be controlled. About
this time a number of keen thinkers
realized that it would be possible to
construct an electric engine utilizing
this magnet phenomena. It was
found that if an electro-magnet was
suspended between the poles of an
other magnet it would be pulled
around parallel to the lines of mag
netic force of the stationary magnet
and that by reversing the current in
the swinging magnet at the right time
the movement could be made con
tinuous. The first to hit upon this happy
find was one Thomas Davenport, a
poor, self-educated blacksmith of Ver
mont, who in 1834 constructed a
rotating electric motor of to-day.
Between the years 1834-60 a number
of inventors perfected different types
of electric motors. Jacobi in 1834
placed a motor to run a boat; Henry,
Fromant, Farmer, Siemens and
others built motors. Electric motors
were employed to drive cars as early
as 1834-38 by both Davenport and
Davidson. With these first inventors
it was extremely difficult for them to
get away from the old steam engine
ideas and some of the first types
worked and looked like the steam en
gines of that day. Many of these
early "electric engines" received their.
power from reefprocating pistons at
tracted and repulsed by magnetic
coils. It is needless to say that they
were mere toys.
Davenport set the scientific world
iifyftty wit h his electric motor. In !
"C"CJ
18S2 Page succeded in constructing
a motor large enough to run a circu
it always a mystery to the layman ns
he stands and watches the busy ma
chine, yet it is nil simple enough
when1 carefully explnincd. Of course
in the latest types of three-phase
motors such an explanation would be
complicated but the working princip
les remain the same a In the simp
lest form of motor. By way of ex
plahntlon take the direct current bl
polar motor, which ns its ntmtc linn
lies, consists of a ainftlc t'etd magnet
of two poles. The mngnetiing coils
of this field magnet are placed In t
solid frame with the polar ends fac
ing leaving a suitable, space between,
known as the magnetic field, in which
uie armature revolves, vvtien an
electric current is passed through the
magnetizing coils of the Held magnet
powerful magnet is produced of
which one end is the north, or posit
ivc pole and the other and opposite
etui the south, or negative pole. The
lines of invisible magnetic force ex
tends across the' intervening space.
N'ow if a loop of wire, through which
was flowing an electric current, was
passed downward straight between
these two pole, cutting the lines of
magnetic force at right angles, a
mysterious power vwould force the
wire back to the top of the magnetic
lines. Therefore the armature which
rotates between the poles of the field
magnet in a motor is nothing more
than a series of coils of wire through
which an electric current is passing.
Those coils which are at the bottom
of the lines of magnetic force be
tween the poles of the field magnet
are bring forced upward on the posi
tive side ami downward on the nega
tive side. This motion would stop as
soon as the armature coils adjusted
themselves in accordance with the
lines of magnetic force if it wasn't
for a little device called a commutator
The duty of the commutator, which
is a divided ring of insulated copper
fastened to the axle of the armature,
is periodically to reverse the current
passing through the armature coils
so they never adjust themselves to
the magnetic force flowing between!
the poles of the field magnet. No
matter how fast or slow the motor
runs, as the armature revolves, the
'brushes" which feed the current to
the armature coils by contract with
the split surface of the revolving
commutator, reverse the current in
time to keep the strange magnetic
force always exerting its invisible
powers to drag one side of the arma
ture tip and to force the otner smc
down. This force gives the arma
ture continuous motion and power.
Increasing the electric current in the
armature coils increases the power of
this magnetic "pull" and the horse
power of the motor grows accordingly.
A glance at the motor running so
quietly and doing so much work for
so small a body will reveal all these
facts. The field magnets can be
readily seen and it takes but a little
imagination to realize the lines of
magnetic force extending between the
opposed poles. In the surface of the
armature, when the motor is stopped,
the coils can be seen imbedded in
slots. These coil, arc made of in
sulated wire in the smaller motors
and heavy, insulated copper strips in
the larger machines. After these
things are noted it is easy to under
stand the powerful magnetic force
which is pulling continually to adjust
'the coils in the armature to a certain
position and then, just as the task
seems to be completed, hc little re
volving commutator has reversed the
current and the work has to be done
all over again. And so on minute
after minute, day after day, year after
year the magnets arc working to set
the lines of force right accordingly to
nature's own irrevocable laws and
man keeps them ever opposed aid
utilizes the energy expended to turn
the wheels of his industries, drive his
railroad trains and to supply him with
power for everything.
DANIEL APPLETON DEAD.
NEW YORK, Mar. 19. News of
the death in London of Daniel Syd
ney Applcton, English representative
lar saw and a lathe. Davidson, in p0 thc Publishing House of D. Apple-
1842, ran an electric carriage about
the streets of Glasgow at four miles
an hour. A motor of ten horse
power was built in 1849 by Soren
Hjorthxat Liverpool. Two import
ant steps were the invention of the
shuttle armature by Siemens in 1855
and the ring armature in , 1864 by
Pacinotti. The motor development
came after Cramme's 1 dynamos in
1871. All the first attempts at motor
building came to naught because the
was too cumbersome and costly' and
because the electrical engineers of
those days did not clearly understand
the physical laws of the energy with
which they were dealing.
The source of power in the motor
ton and Company, was received in
this city yesterday. Mr. . Applcton,
who was 47 years of age, died of
heart disease. He went abroad in
1906 and established a publishing
house in London. '
Mr. Appleton was the son of the
late Daniel Sydney Appleton, one of
the founders of the establishment
which bears his name . Upon grad
uation from Yale University in 1880
he entered his father's publishing
house. As a literary adviser he was
known by many of the , formost
writers of his time.
POPULAR MECHANICS.
To pick out the salient feature! of
a inagatlne so brimful of good things
as theApri number of Popular Me
chanics were a feat well nigh Impos
sible. Salience in this Inntance rest
with the Individual's taste rather than
the masses' appetite, for such a di
versity and range of subjects are
treated that nolle can fall to find
something of special and peculiar in
terest to himself. Everyone, how
ever, desire to know exactly what
Uncle Sam is doing and expecting, in
the airship line, and the article "Unit
Supremacy" will tell him just what he
wants to know. Another feature de
scribes with illustration an aluminum
heavicMlmn air flying-machines a
Milwaukee jnventor has built, There
are 18$ articles and 156 illustrations
in the April number. Many times a
picture will tell graphically a story
words cannot express, This is true
of a description of the punishment of
criminal in Orientad countries,
"Evolution of Rubber from Seed to
Auto Tires," "Removing a Live Wire
Victim from a Pole,'' "Topping a Cy
press Tree," "The Ghasting End of
Old Horse," "A Cyclone Photo
graph" and other. An Italiun en
gineer has a plan fr climbing the
Alps with boats. Strange a it may
seem, other noted engineer hv en
dorsed his idea as practicable and
several illustrations accompanying an
article on the subject show how It is
proposed to carry on the scheme at a
cost of $300,1)00,11110. The article on
the Navy's cooking school will be of
interest to many, Every motor boat
enthuiat will want a copy of the
April number of Popular Mechanic.
Motor boating hat become great
national pastime and thousands of
new crafti are being built this year,
by Individual i welt as regular
builder. Every type of motor-pro-polled
craft house bout, launch race
life-boat, dory, cabin cruiser, etc It
described, and there U ,alo, a good
Ihmtrated article on "The Launching
of Launchci." 1
. Faturc of the Anivitteur Median'
let department are "How to Make a
Wireless Telephone," "A Home Made
Microscope," "Photograph In Relief"
"Experiments with a Mirror" nnd
others. The Shop Note department
is adapted to the needs of craftsmen
everywhere, and Is, In fact, a com
pilation of practical experience of
practical men. In the April number
It enhtain 46 articles ami 40 illustra
tions, Every article in the maga
fine Is "Written so you can under
stand it,"
ORA2INO ALLOTMENT.
Forestry Service Mm Recommended
Number of Grating be Increased.
WASIIINGTOnT March 19. Tito
forest service has recommended tha
the number of cattle and horses al
lowed to graxe upon the Blue Moun
tain National Forest In the State of
Oregon, during the season 1908, be
Increased from 16,000 to 17,900 head
and the number of sheep from 150,
000 to 152,500 head, This forest hat
recently been divided into three ad
ministrative units, and the Increase
in the number of headj of stock to
grate on the range this year wa made
to permit an equitable adjustment
among the former users of the
forest
THIRD DAY
GREATER REDUCTIONS
THAN EVER
"WHITMAN'S"
STEEL & E WART
i
Electrical Contractors 1
Phone Main 3881 ... . 426 Bond Street
ASTdRIA THE ATER
FRANK W. HKALY Presents
THE T0YMAKER
A Dainty, Dancing, Delightful Comic Opera
With TEDDY WEBB and the
San Francisco Opera Company
40 PEOPLE 40
Special Feature "The Beauty Chorus"
Prices: 25c to $1.00 'Seats Ready: Sat. Mar. 22
mnmn '
III
UP-TO-DATE POINT
Ahwya c the lookout for the moat approved wave of doing
things, wa hv aecwed the right to tell the well known palate,
eoamtt, tains, wniahea, made and eold under the mark of
K mmk that enable any one. novice or expert, to get, without
don, mutiHf tnt rtgut noian for wood
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Whaa raa'ra bnjrliur.aak for a aopy of
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fjaWiaJataana TMahm," a f4a that
aw atat aatnflag fee wqwi . -
ALLEN WALL PAPER
AND PAINT CO.
Uth & Bond Sole Agts.