PAGE SIX.
ASTORIA, OREGON, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1901.
TELEPHONE ENGINEERS
FACE GREAT PROBLEMS
50,000,000 People In United States
! Now Have Access to This Modern
Convenience Story of Progress.
Boston. Nov. IS. When a pereouj tricitte and absorbing
..-!!., i n.tn ...ntwrloeen worked out.
prcbloms hit
bears and echoes the word tn Chicago
or New Orleans, the process, simple as
It seems to the modern man of bust
ness. has Involved several hundred
other people, each with specially
trained Intelligence. The greatest
marvel of the modern telephone is not
that telephony Is possible but that the
thousand and one details of operating
can be looked after so successfully.
To accomplish all this enormous task,
to keep the lines open, and the appara
tus In order, and to meet the endless
problems that arise In the installation
of new services, the last two decades
have seen the development of an en
tirely new profession Into which hun
dreds of young Americans have en
tered, that of the telephone engineer.
The complexity of all work that has
to do with electricity and the rapidity
with which the use of the mysterious
and seemingly miraculous current has
become part and parcel of modern In
dustrial and municipal life has made a
thorough preliminary training the first
necessity to the young man who enters
electrical engineering. At the Massa
chusetts institute of Technology, for
example, there were two graduates in
electrical engineering in 1884, while
today there are some 200 young men
studlng this one general subject and
among them at least one in every six
Is especially Interested In telephony.
Tet these students, of course, repre
sent only a fraction of the number of
future telephone engineers now train
ing at the various schools and colleges
that have followed the Institute's ex
ample in establishing courses in what
is perhaps the most important of the
modern "commercial professions."
The basis of the telephone engineer's
training is such a knowledge of the
highest mathematice as will enable
him to make the endless computations
necessary to the production of any
plan, whether for a small Induction of
coll or for the wires of a transconti
nental system. He must know the
length and breadth of theoretical elec
tricity; he must understand the gen
eral phenomena and laws of sound,
especially as they relate to speech and
hearing; and of course he must be ex
pertly familiar with the various de
tails of telephonic communication and
the Installation and management of
great systems.
There are now something like 50.
000,000 people in the United States who
have access to a telephone and from
. their own locality they can talk over
two-thirds of this country. But tele
phone development, although involving
a problem of constantly Increasing
difficulty, has proceeded along the
lines of least resistance; the first ex
changes have been established In , the
larger cities and towns because here
the demand was most imperative. The
linking together of these centres of
popluation and the saturation of the
Intermediate country districts by
means of telephone connections has
been gradually going on at the same
time with the steady improvement of
the sen-Ice offered by the great con
trolling Bell company; so two distinct
sets of problems have required llmul
taheous solution.
The telephone receiver used today
with all its Increased efficiency Is prac
tically as simple as the one Alexander
Graham Bell exhibited at the Centen
nial exhibition in Philadelphia in 1878;
but In the transmitter that stands on
the 20th-century man's desk or hangs
on the wall In his bouse a wonderful
Improvement has been made and in the
development of the present well-nigh
perfect mechanism millions of Instru
ments have been thrown away to make
room for better ones. ,
Today the current Is sent out on a
wire of copper instead of a wire of
Iron and is brought back on a dupll
cat copper wire Instead of finding its
way through the earth, which Is gen
erally charged with other electric cur
rents. A wonderful economy of space
has been secured Ty enclosing the in
sulated copper wires in cables, whether
the lines are Intended for overhead or
underground structure, and the' ex
tent to which this economy has been
carried appears In the fact that it is
usual to have 400 pairs of wires tn
one lead-enclosed cable. The hanging
of thousands of miles of wire year af
ter year is comparatively easy to un
derstand, but In the exchange the
clearing house where the copper nerves
reaching thousands of different points
are under control a multitude of In-
As telephony has progressed and
the use of telephones Increased many
fold the cost of the Instruments them
selves has decreased, but the invest
ment required for the "central" plant
has grown tremendously larger. Few
people realise that the switchboard
through which their dally communica
tion are made costs many hundred
thousand dollars, or even. In a city
Ilk New Tork, several millions. They
do not realise that it ia a very elabo
rate piece of mechanism made up of
millions of small mechanical parts all
of which must be adjusted with the
most painstaking exactness, nor that
in talking 1,600 miles, say from Boston
to Kansas City, they are given the ex
clusive use of property which has cost
probably half a million and the as
sistance of 25 operators, and that no
one else can use for the time being the
S.000 miles or wire which if melted in
to Ingot would weigh over 600 tons.
All the work of the engineer and me
chanic which is at the immediate ser
vice of anybody anywhere merely for
the ringing of a bell, costs enormously.
The hundreds of millions of poles must
be frequently renewed at great ex
pense and the switchboards costing
fortunes are hardly installed before
they must be remodeled to Include
some new invention or thrown on the
scrap heap to make way for a more
perfect and efficient system. No price
is too high to pay for the best possible
service and the best possible service is
demanded quits as vigorously by the
Bell company which has already
covered so large an area with its wltvs
and which leases Its apparatus rather
than sell It so as to make sure that It
shall be properly maintained and kept
up to the standard, as by the customer,
Competing companies organised on the
theory that wires and equipment
would be unaffected by storms or no
cldent, that a switchboard once In
stalled would become a permanent
source of revenue, have often come to
grief because they have not correctly
gauged the requirements of the tele'
phone using public or the expense of
maintaining and developing a satis
factory system.
The problem of charges In Itself
one which hus been worked out only
by slow degrees. When telephones
were In an experimental stage a flat
charge for the use of an Instrument
was made, but as the business has In
creased such a charge has com to ap
pear almost as unfair and Impracllca
ble as If a flat charge were made by
milkman for all his customers without
regard to the quantity of milk de'
live red.
A Runaway Bleyote,
Terminated with an ugly cut on the
leg of J. B. Orner, Franklin Grove, III
It developed a stubborn ulcer, unyleld
Ing to doctors and remedies tor four
years. Then Bucklen's Arnica Salve
cured. It's Just a good for Burns,
Scalds. Skin Eruptions and Flies. J 5c,
at Chas. Rogers' Drug Store.
Orders taken for Brown Bros.' nur
serv stock at New Cash Grocery, Al
derbrook.
'HHtHttlffiR
When you buy canned elsmt
ask tor
RAZOR BRAND
Clean and wholesome and a borne
product For sale by all leading
grocers. Warrcntioo Clam Com
pany, Warrenton, Or,
FREE!
FREE!
Extraordinary Offer
TO
HOLIDAY SHOPPERS
, To nuke their
Holiday Purchases in the Month of November
Free
wtih
$25.00
Purchus
t7 rn worth of g-ooda
4 3U your own choice
Free
Sr $jo.oo : $3.00 ;ss. fs
$5.00 n - $1.50 Free
. .ire?
$2.50 75c. Z ' " "SSL Free
Free
with
Free
with
your own choice
. t r .
95 wormoteooos p
We want you to see our
Grand Holiday Display of Beautiful
and Newest Creations
Elite Chinaware, Limoges China, French
China, Dinner Sets, Salad Sets, Chocolate
Sets, Rich Cut Glass Ornaments, Vases,
Bric-a-Brac, Lamps, English Porcelain Ware,
Novelties, and Dolls.
Fancy Articles of Every Description. Prettiest,
Daintiest and Newest Things made, Collected
from the Markets of the World.
Top Quality Teas, Coffees, Spices, Extracts,
Baking Powder, Cocoa, Chocolates.
We want you to see our very reasonable prices.
We want you to come just to look.
Take adranUg-e of this Terr liberal offer.
CUT HEKE
CUT HfcKB
CUT OUT THIS COUPON, bring it to any of our stores before
December JO, 1904, and receive with each pure hue lists
abas a rery handsome present of your own selection.
ASTOItf AN. NOVEMBER 17, 1904
Come fust to look.
Bring thl Coupon with you to sny of our stores,
not oood arrcn otecMBia to, isoa
CUT HERE
CUT HKRB
Great American Importing Tea Co.
571 COHMERCIAL ST., ASTORIA
I
AN ADVERTISEMENT
An advertisement in the MORNING ASTORIAN is the
test business investment you can make for the money.
Wanted: Lmly or gentW'inm of flr
education to travel for s firm of 1250,
voo.00 capital. Btilury 11,073.00 r
year and expenses; salary jntld weekly
and expenses advanced. Address
with stamp J. A. Alexander Astoria
Oregon.
Circular and sample distributors
wanted elsewhere. No eanvesslng.
Good pay. Cooperative Advertising
Co., N. T.
M. Egger has opened a flower store
In the Astor house building, where
he has for sale choice cut owers, grow
Ing plants, ferns and shrubs. Floral
designs furnished.
The original Jno. A. Moler has
opened one of his famous barber col
leges at tH Clay street, San Fran
cisco. Special Inducements this month;
positions guaranteed; tuition earned
while learning. Write correct num
ber, (44 Clay street, San Francisco.
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
FREDERICK V. MOHN, M. D.
Physician and Surgeon.
Office and residence, over Feterson A
Brown's. ORlce hours; 9 to 11:10 a. m.,
and I to 4:30 p. m.; evenings, to S.
Sundays By Appointment.
DR. J. A. REGAN
Dentist
Office over A. V. Allen's Store,
Offlce hours, to 12 and 1 to 6.
MISCELLANEOUS..
0. J. THENCIIARD
Insurance, Commission and Shipping
CUSTOMS H0USI BR0KIR.
Agent Wella-rargo and Northern
Pacific- Expressj Companies.
Oor. ELEVENTH and BOND ITS.
A o. n O D
n. ot o. i. i.
TIMRCAPD.
EFFECTIVE SEPT. 4, 1904.
A KILUJLEN,
Merchant Tailor.
Occident Building.
JAPANESE GOODS
New stock of fancy goods just
arrived at Yokohama Jlaznar.
Call and see tho latest novelties
from Japan.
BEST 15 CENT MEAL.
You can always find the best
15-cent meal in the city ut the
Rising Sun Kestnuruiit.
CI 2 Commercial St
F1KST-CLASS MEAL
for lflc; nice coke, coffee, pie, or
doughnuts, 5c, at U. S. Restaur
ant. 434 Bond St
JAY TITTLE, M. D.
HIISIC1AN AND 8UHQE0N
Acting AwUtant Burgeon
U.S. Marine HonplUI 8rvlee.
Office hours: 10 to 11 am. 1 to 4: SO p.m
477 Commercial Street, tnd Floor.
Dr. KIIGDA 0. HICKS
OSTEOrATIIIST
Mansell Bldg. 671 Commercial Bt
rnoNK ruck aim.
C. W. BARR, D. D. 8.
Has Opened Dentsl Parlors in Rooms
817-818, Ths Dekum.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Where he will be plesssd to meet
Friends and Pstrens.
Leave
PORTLAND
Arrive
a.m I
)p.m J
7,00 p.
Leave
7.45 am
6 10 p.m
i'ortlniid Union
nVpoHor Astoria
ll.io.m
9,40 p.m
A8TOIUA
rtE
Arrive
Tor rortlani and
way pointa
II. SO a.m
10.30 pm
SEASIDE DIVISION
Leave
ASTOIUA
Arrive
Leave
tTOTuT
ASTORIA.
Arrive
6. f0 p.m
for Warrenton. ,
Hammond, Ft
Stevens, Mtwaiile
lOeHk.n'i
7:40a,m
Leave
SEASIDE
Arrive
4::u") p.m ( Tor AntnrTTUTrwt I'Qup.m
WOOD! WOOD! WOOD!
I Cord weed, mill wood, box weed, any
kind of wood at lowest prices. Kelly, j Qoble and O. II N, Co., via. Portland.
J. C. Mayo, 0. p. A.
Leave SEASIDE. Arrive
ClS a. m ( for Warrvnlon PtY 0A am
iBtowne, Ham
mond, Astoria ) 7.20 p.m.
Additional train leaves Astoriadaliy
at 11:10 a. m. for all nolnta on Ft.
Stevens branch, arriving Ft. Stevens
11:10 p. m., returning, leaves Ft. Stev
ens at 8:00 p. m., arriving Astoria 1:45
P. m.
Sunday only. ,
Through tickets and close connec
tion via. N. P. Ry. at Portland an,1
the transfer men. 'Phone 2211 Blaek,
Barn en Twelfth, opposite opera
house.
BAY VIEW HOTEL
E. G LASER, Trop.
Home Cooklnj, Comfortable Scdi, Rcaion
sblt Rtti tnd Nice Treatment.
THE NEW NEHALEM HOUSE
Cor. Fourteenth and Rn-hatuf Hta.
One blork back of Koard a MokM Hinrr.
J. II. ANKOS, I'rop., - Alrl, On,
Board ind Lodilitf $1 00 and tin
Cleaneit Bdt In the City. Fine Tsblt Board,
New KuriilUmi Tlirouii lion t.
Hnlin iiihiIii to ati'uily Thculrlcnl Troupe
Dr. VAUGIIAN,
Dentist
FytLian Building, Astoria, Oregon.
Dr. T. L. JJALL
Dr. F. I. Friedrich,
DENTISTS
624 Commercial street. Astoria Ore.
Dr. W. 0. LOGAN
DENTIST
678 Commercial 8t-, Shanahan Building
Phone 2176 Red. Open Day and.NIgliU
The Astoria
Restaurant
MAN MING, Proprietor.
Fine meals served at all
hours. Oysters served in
any style. Game in season.
tW Bond Street, Cor, tth, AitorU,Ore.
ASTORIA HOTEL
Comer Seventeenth tnd Dusne Su.
75 cents a day nud up. MeaU
20 cents. Hoard and lodging
per week.
PARKER HOUSE
H. B. PARKER, Proprietor
Free Coach
Large Sample Rooms on
Ground Floor.
Roams 50c, 75c, $1.00 and $1.50
per Day.
Pool of Ninth Street ASTORIA. OREGON
BOaoaaananaaaonoonaaoaannatta
Ik
Palace
HiUS Palace Catering Company
daaoaaaattaaaaaaaaaaaaBBaaaaaaaaaaaa
The Best Restaurant
Fefular Meals, 25 Cents
Sunday Dinners s Specislty
Everytfalnf the Market Affords
TTTTITIIXTITTTITITTTTTTTTW
- .. M
KAMONA BALE.
I have plaeed en ssle at a re
duced prioe my select etook of
home-made Wrsppers and Ka
monaa. 420 Commercial 8t Astoria.
J. Y. KWONQ CO.
FOR THE BUSY HOUSEWIFE
Every Woman
. M itttmsMa anil ifrrwio irww
MARVEL Whirling Spray
tmimi nrff. Iran-
A. V 3A Vyis
VV. C-N MM...
V. . v . J - flit Most t;oiiTilnf
V4a Vlfj! IU toou.ll,.
the i -m7 r
If h mnnutaiipplf
PSHIKIi, aw:i no
ottvr. but sMtnd sjttamn for
UlustTflUMl tioo-iiV4. ItfflTtM
it&nirtilAra and 1)rwllo!ta In.
fMlimbettni.uli MARVlVXCOef
mm rseaiw w wrm
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H IU Hi
MENU
THURSDAY
The chaw e of a man's
self Is a verr laborious
undertaking. Thomas a
Kempls.
brbakfabtT
Cracked Wheat.
Broiled Bacon. Egfs.
Creamed Potatue.
Rolla. Coffee.
DINNER. .
ConaummA.
Broiled 8teak. Fried Bananaa
Uashrd Potatoes, Carrots.
. Huckleberry Pie.
Coffee.
SUPPER.
Chicken Fried in Cream.
.Tea Biscuit. Balad.
ChocoleteCake.
Tea.
CHICKEN FRIED IN CREAM -Put
a pint of rich cream In a frying
nan over a moderate fire till It be
gins to color; dip the different parts 1
of the ehloken In flour, season with 1
a teaspoon of salt, fry In the cream
on each side till It Is a delicate
brown. When done put It on
naif
another
hot
pint of
platter, pour
minute, add a saltepoonful of salt, a
cream Into the pan, let It boll one
dash of pepper, then pour It over the j
chicken, atave tarnished with (price 1
oi parsiey ana a ojaa et tunea poiaie
Siloe.
I II 1 1 II 1 1 1 H I IIMI II II 1 1
NORTHERN PACIFIC
rime Card 1 Trains
PORTLAND.
Imwm Arrives)
suget Sound Limited.! ; am : m
Kansas Clty-SL Louis
Bp'lat u:l am l:tt pnj
North Coast Limited l:M p m T:M a
Tacoma and Meatus Night
Kiprees U: r m l;HH
Tak fuget Sound Limited, or Norta
Coast Umlted for Grays Harbor point
Take Puget Sound Limited (or Olyax
Cla direct
Take Puget Sound Limited or Km.
sas Clty-Bt. Louis Bpeclal for polata
on South Bend branch.
Double dally train service oa O ray's
Harbor branch.
Four trains dally between Portland.
Taooma and BaatU
.HeV 1
OREGON
Short hint
and UnionPacific
San Francisco and
Portland S. S. Co.
70 hours from Portland to Chicago.
No change of ears.
Depart
Chicago
I'orlUud
rtiwolal
:Me. m.
via Hunt
ington
'Haliuke, Denver, Ft
Worth. Uinalia. Van-
tClt,Ht lx.li l,
i;nicgo aud the East
Atlantic
Kmreaa
1:15 P. m.
vlaliuutr
ing ion
8 1. Paul
Kant Mall
S lop. m.
via Hpo-kaue
TiMEnnriKDCJLiaj
From
PORTLAND
JJlt uke, Denver rd
" rui, umena Kan
lUhloagoaud theliast
Walla Walla, fewls.
aiK.ll..Htl-,ul .DulutlJ
Milwaukee, at 1
andait '
Arrive
ttMpm
7 ill am
1:00 p m
OCEAN AND RIVER SCHEDULE)"
From Astoria
All sailing dates subject to change.
For iSan FranrUn
every five dav.
Dally es.
copt Hun
duy atraui
Columbia Klvnrto
rururina ana Way
I-endlnge '
4 am
Daily es
oept Mou
Steamer Nahcotta leaves Astoria on
the tide DAILT EXCEPT SUNDAT,
FOR ILWACO, connecUng there with
trains for Long Beach, Tioga and
North Beach pointa Returning ar
rives at Astoria same evening.
Through tickets to and from afl prin
cipal European cities,
O. W. ROBERTS, Agent,
Astoria, ore.