PAGE FOUR.
ASTORIA, OREGON, FRIDAY, SEl'TKMHEIl 9, 3004. ,
Cfie morning Jfstorian
..--ESTABLISHED lS'il ,
f PUBLISHED BY '
ASTORIAN PUBLISHING COMPANY.
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By mail, par year
By mail, per month,..'
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EARNINGS OF THE CARRIERS.
Aeording to an authentic authority, the net earn
ings of 136 railroad companies in the United States
have fallen off, in the first half of the current cal
endar year, as compared with the corresponding
period of last year, about $25,000,000. This is a de
crease of nearly 11' Per cent-
The fact, however, is not at all surprising. From
1S94 to 1902, inclusive, the net earnings of the rail
roads of this country continuously increased. Al
though the mileage of these roads, during this period
increased onlv about 22,000 miles, or about 13 per
cent, their net earnings increased nearly $240,000,
000, or almost 75 per cent. There was not a year,
in this interval, that these earnings did not show an
advance over the earnings of the preceding year. In
1898, they, amounted to nearly $52,000,000 more
than they did in 1897; in 1900, they amounted to
$60,000,000 more than they did in 1899, and be
tween 1900 and 1902 they, rose from $483,000,000
tc $560,000,000, a gain of $77,000,000. These were
years of exceptional prosperity, not only for rail
roads but for all sorts of business, and now that
there is some slackening in trade and industry, it is
only jiatural that railroad earnings should fall off
somewhat.
It is to be remembered, however, that the six
months of the current calendar year already men
tioned do not include the cargo moving period. A
big crop of cotton and of corn is already assured,
and there is little doubt that there will be a tolerably
fair crop of wheat; and the breat bulk of these
staples will be moved between now and the end of
December. This can hardly fail to have its effect
in increased railroad earnings, and, hence, the rail
road earnings for the first half of the present year
afford no safe gauge of what they will be for the
completed year.
Should these crops realize present expectations.'
there is every reason to believe that they will give
a sharp fillip, not only to the transportation bus
iness, but to industry and trade in general, and ad
vices from all parts of the country indicate that
business men are making preparations on the basis
of this promising outlook.
)
EFFICIENCY OF THE SUBMARINE.
As a factor to be regarded seriously in modern
naval warfare the steel submarine boat of today,
with its many improvements, is little more efficient
than its hand-manipulated wooden prototype of
years ago. The recent predicament of the Porpoise,
off Newport, and resultant investigation by the navy
department, should throw some light upon the vol
ume of the so-called "little sea terrors." Unless
radical improvements are made in their general con
struction, repetitions of similar or worse accidents
may be looked for in the future among boats of this
type.
Of the many explanations made in regard to the
failure of the Porpoise to submerge to the prede
termined and required depth, instead of pitching
bodily to the bottom, the most reasonable was the
difficulty in closing the sea-cocks against a tremen
dous water pressure after the requisite amount of
water for ballasting had been admitted. The pres
sure upon the valve-face would be one pound in
addition to the atmospheric pressure of 14.7 pounds
for every 2.31 feet of water. The sea-cocks are in
the bottom of the boat, and are operated by levers
inside.
In 60 feet of water, where the pressure against the
closing of the valve would be 41 pounds, one man
would have to exert considerable force, and at a
depth of 120 feet the strength of two men would be
required. If the boat were to descend into greater
depths, it would be almost impossible to close these
valves, and the force required to operate the inad
equate mechanical contrivance used for that pur
pose would be more than likely to break the valve
stem or rod.
However, at a depth exceding 200 feet the boat,
subjected to a collapsing pressure of over 100 pounds
to the square inch, would either burst in a plate or
plates and take in enough water to drown the crew.
Therefore, it may be understood that 60 to 80 feet
of water is the safe limit for submarine boat navi
gation. NAt 80 feet water works in through the
ground joints of torpedo ,tubes, streams through
rivet holes past heads of rivets, through propeller
slftift stuffing boxes, and Moods the cylinders of gas
oline engines by forcing past exhaust valves. This
renders the hint unlit for service upon rising to the
surface.
If the only trouble lay in the sen-cooks and ina
bility of hunts to withstand pressure, the remedies
in "the present advanced stage of mechanical knowl
edge and construction easily could be found and ap
plied. There is. however, nn even more serious de
fect. Submarine boats always are operated in actual
service; at predetermined depths of from five to 20
feet, depending upon the proximity of the enemy and
ize of vessel attacked. The larger the vessel ' the
l(-wer the attack.
Proceeding under oil or steam power to within a
few miles of the radius of espoinage of the enemy,
die submarine stops, banks fires or shuts off oil sup
ply, and submerges until "awash," in which posi
tion but a few inches of conning tower are visible
above the surface.
The regulator has been set for 15 feet. This is
what happens seven cases out of 10:
The boat reaches 15 feet, the regulator fails to
operate, and the tendency of the boat is to keep on
until the bottom has been reiwhed. The air is shut
off, and the head lever is brought into requisition
It is stiff and unmechanical without purchase, and
by the time the rudders are brought to a proper po
sition, the boat has gone much deeper than was in
tended. In many eases, in any depth of water, it
would be almost impossible to cheek the boat before
reaching the bottom. The result in deep water can
be imagined.
It is decidedly unsafe to operate submarine boat
outside of harbors. The ocean varies in depth from
100 feet to 1000 fathoms. " As blockading squadrons
choose their own positions, outside the range of coast
artillery, the submarine has no choice. Under the
water, against a stationary enemy, the existence of
the submarine depends upon the highest qualities of
precision and coolness in the commander and skill
and efficiency of the crew. He must be a lightning
calculator, and they must be under perfect discipline.
St. limit iilivMiriiiiu
S frwly n'rwrUi
V tbo, Ititters for
Poor Apnclllf,
Sour Stomich,
VW 'W i Et L,vef tow1"
rj&&?L& IwllieMiM,
Vw-x 'MU "" k
Hi) UllstHhH 111
trjhijt liiltlt.
Il Alwayi Cures,
'jjf- H xmi on rcn htivv
. .iW' testititnt. Try It
If the independent voter has no moral or legal
right to vote at a republican or democratic primary,
as the Oregonian avers, then he has no moral or
legal right to vote for republican or democratic
candidates after they are nominated. If neither the
Almighty nor the law delegated to the independent
voter the right to participate in the selection of
party candidates, then neither the Almighty nor the
law give him the right to participate in the election
which follows their nomination. Either nn Amer
ican citizen has or has not the right to vote. We are
instructed that "party organization" demands that
the status of the voter be altered, but the American
people will rise against any such scheme. The Ore
iron direct primary law was framed up by "re
formers" who proceeded upon the hypothesis that
all voters are crooks that every man who goes to
the polls on primary day does so for the purpose of
"trickery." If all men are dishonest, we do not need
the direct primary law, or any other law. The de
cree that a republican shall not vote for democratic
candidates for nomination, or that democrats shall
not vote for republican aspirants for place on the
ticket, or that the independent voter, or the prohi
bitionist, or the socialist, or the populist -shall not
vote at all, is monstrous.
OUTLOOK FOR HOP CROP.
Yield My Not Com Up to Expoota
tiont in Oregon.
Hj'Uiii. Srp;. S.-Somo kiowcim 1mvi
t'i'ilf Itnletl lio;s HIV too Kl',:'n (o lrk
;l! llllll llllVl- ,tU.SHMtlltl work
foi' it few diiy. Many grower U:iv not
tx-!Uii plcklnic lit nil. but It In i'XHt-
t-il lhi hurvt'Ht will l In full lil.ist
next week. So far, mvnrilliiK to the
report of the growers, the hop In
many liistiinri's welh inucli lUlitor
lli.in lust year, while In otliem, wiiere
the boxe.i nie.'iMtire fully tp to Hie
welttht of last year, the yleM of boxen
per acre Is smaller. It I thus e.ntl-
. mated by mne tiiut tile total yield for
taist diNtrlct will fall from 25 to 40
per cent nhorl of last year.
Soire dealers, as u remit of t!i :lrnt
few days f plekliiK, have redueed tlielr
early estimate of the state yield from
ulli) to 10,00(1 hales, bllliKlliK It down
to from 90,000 to 85,000 bales, while
others refus' to place any eredem-e In
the report of a Ught yield, and ad
here to their former predictions of
from 90,000 to 100,000 bales. These
latter contend that the conditions this
year 'are Identical to thosa of other
years when the first picking l always
light, and that the hops will Inereuse
In weight considerably before the sea
son Is over,
t
tlrowers are becoming decidedly op
timistic as to the condition of the mar
ket and refuse to negotiate n sale or
contract at any price at this time. Mcel
have appeared In the majority of the
yards of this part of the valley In great
numbers, but little harm Is expected
from them unless rain should fall In
quantities sufl1clnt to dilve thm Into
the burrs.
P. A. STOKES
"The Store That Does Things"
SEE CENTER WINDOW
Sold
P. A.
Stokes
Way
"Honey
Bach
If You
Want'
It"
One dose of the direct primary law will show up
the utter fallacy of the un-Ameriean measure, and
incidentally point out to the people of Oregan how
wily they have erred in placing their confidence in
the men who fathered the bill. If every voter in the
state should take an entire day to comply with the
terms of the measure, it would still be impracticable,
to say nothing of its unconstitutionality.
The anti-Mormon party will prove decidedly ben
eficial, and it is sincerely to be hoped that the new
organization will meet with the success it deserves.
Mormon influence in politics must be curbed.
"Can strikes be conducted without violence?" asks
John Mitchell, in a magazine article. The votes of
Chicago and Colorado will be recorded in the negative.
Senator Bailey has confirmed a suspicion that has
been rife for some time that President Roosevelt
is not very popular with Texas democrats.
Tom Lawson declares his intention to vote for
President Roosevelt. Perfectly beautiful to note how
these authors stand by each other.
Japan has asked the Corean emperor to disband
his army, and the emperor has retorted that he did
not know that he had one.
Satan in a pulpit could not possibly le more out
of place than the Oregonian as the exponent of the
rights of American citizens.
Bryan stop supporting him and the executive com
mittee begin.
Earl Will Officiate.
New York, Sept. 8. -I'lans have been
made by the alumni of Dartmouth col
legs for the entertainment of the earl
of Dartmouth. The earl Is expected to
alI,for America In :i w days on Ms
wnysto the college w!xre he will lay the
cornerstone of the new Dartmouth
hall. One of. the earl's tim-wtorn wns
the active patron of the colVge In 1715
and It was named lr) Ills honor.
Pacific Lutberaji Business
College and School of
Stenography
ELEVENTH YEAR 0PEN8
OCT, 4, " 1904.
Bookkeeping, arithmetic, 'commercial
law, penmanship. Ictterwrltlng, short
hand, typewriting, lettering and auto
matic work.
Short terms. Students select l.ielr
courses. We can't tell you r.ll about
it here. For catalogue addtf s
DEPARTMENT B,
PACIFIC LUTHERAN ACADEMY.
Parkland, Wash.
15he STAR
THEATER
ASTORIA'S FASHIONABLE VAUDE
VILLE HOUSE IN CONNECTION
WITH STAR AND ARCADE THEA
TERS OF PORTLAND ..
Change of Program Monday.
Change of Acts Thursdays.
MONSTEIt HILL
Week Iifdniifiiir
MONDAY MATINEE, SEPT. 5th
THE TWO BENN8,
8pectaeular 8ketch Artittt and Coma
diana. MARGERY MANDEVILLE,
Vivacioue 8oubrtt, in 8ongt, Dance
and Contortion.
8WEDE FISHER,
Famou Dialect and Character Come
dian. 2ARNITA,
Parieian Electrio Dancer.
ILLUSTRATED 80NG8.
MOVING PICTURES.
Admilon 10c to any seat.
The above is a cut of our hand
some double breasted coat
"The Newport." A swell suit
for swell young men.
Another of our dressy suits for
dressy men is the "Nusac" in.
all materials, grades and prices.
These garments are cut with a
dash and go to them that make
them easy winners with the
BEST DRESSERS.
$10 to
$30
Sold
P. A. STOKES'
Way
"Money BacK If
You Want It."
P. A. STOKES
"The Store That Does Things"
AN ASTORIA PRODUCT
Tale Bohemian Heer
Best la The Northwest
North Pacific Brewing Co.
tix xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
H
Staple and Fancy Groceries
FLOUR, FEED, PROVISIONS, TOBACCO AND CIGARS.
8up'pliea of All Kind at Loveit Price for Flehermen, Farmer
and Logger,
BranchTniontown, Phones, 711, Uniontown, 713
A. V. ALLEN,
Tenth and Commercial 8treete.
ASTORIA, OREGON.
:300000OSO0000OSOeO00(?0 O
PLUMBING and TINNING
8TEAM HEATING, GAS FITTING, ROOFING AND REPAIRING
BATH TUBS, 8INKS, CLOSETS AND OTHER FIXTURES IN
8TOCK. ONLY THE BEST. CALL AND GET OUR PRICES
425 Bond 8treet
Phone 1031
J. A. Montgomery
o
o
o
0
o
O00000000000000000000
THE LOUVRE
A First Class Concert Hall - Finest Ilesort In The City
ADMISSION FREE
ATTRACTIVE PROGRAM CHANGE WEEKLY
Seventh and Astor Streets CHARLES WIRKKALA, Prop.