PAGE FOUR.
ASTORIA, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 13, 1904.
Ci)c lilorning flstorian
ESTABLISHED 1873
4 . PUBLISHED BY
ASTORIAN PUBLISHING COMPANY.
J. H. CARTER, GENERAL MANAGER.
RATES.
By mail, per" year $6 00
By mail, per month 50
By carriers, per month........ 60
THE SEMI-WEEKLY ASTORIAN.
By mail, per year, in advance f 1 00
fUNION Mt
THE NEGRO AND THE CENSUS.
A bulletin just issued by the federal census bureau
exhibits in an interesting light the growth "of the
negro element in our population. According to the
returns of the census of 1900, the negro population
of the United States, including continental United
States, Alaska, Hawaii and Porto Rico, numbered
9,204,531. For continental United States alone the
negro population was 8,833,994-11.6 per cent of
the total 'population. The growth for the decade
was 18.1 per cent against a growth of 13.9 for the
decade from 1880 to 1890. Some alarm was
pressed at this showing when the census figures were
first published, about three years ago. It was ar
gued that the negro race, not being reinforced and
augmented by a constant stream of immigration,
was, in fact, outgrowing the white race; for the en
tire white increase for the period from 1890 to 1900
was only 21.2 per cent Should immigration cease
r dwindle, it was suggested, we should be face to
face with the unpleasant spectacle of an inferior,
and formerly servile, element in our population re
plenishing itself more rapidly and steadily than the
superior and dominant element in our civilization
But a complete study of the census returns hardly
warrants so unpalatable a conclusion. The bureau's
study of the vital statistics of the negro race in
this country demonstrates that it cannot under pres
ent conditions keep pace in growth with the Cau
casian element A higher negro birth rate may be
admitted; but, as might be expected, the negro death
rate far outruns the white death rate. From 1890
to 1900 the negro death rate is put relatively at 30,
against 17 for the white population. Notwithstand
ing its fecundity, the negro race has lost ground in
numbers, compared with the white, during the whole
of the nineteenth century. In 1790, 19.3 per cent
f the total population of the United States was
negro. By 1840 the negro percentage had fallen to
16.8. In 1890 it was only 11.9, and in 1900 it fell
still further to 11.6. Including the Philippines, with
other non-continental territory, the proportion of
the negro population under the flag falls today well
below 10 per cent less than half its relative strength
a century ago.
The trend of the negro toward city life is notice
able even in a section so distinctly rural as the south.
In the southern country districts the negro increase
from 1890 to 1900 averaged about 16 per cent; for
the towns and cities of the same region the increase
was 21.7 per cent. In five of the larger southern
cities the negro population actually outgrew the
white population, the rate for the former being 25.8
and for the latter 20.8. This acceleration was due,
of course, to immigration from the country dis
tricts. Baltimore, Washington, Memphis and New
Orleans are the four centers whose negro popula
tion is increasing most rapidly. Each of these
eities, with the country tributary to it, has a negro
colony exceeding 75,000.
One marked sign of the lower vitality of the black
race is found in the fact that half the negroes in
the United States are under 19 years of age. The
median line for the white race is 23 a disparity
which speaks for itself. There is nothing in this
study of negro growth during the last decade to en
courage the idea that the race is taking a more im
portant place as an element in our population, or
that it can extort, by force of numbers at least,
a fuller recognition of its value as a factor in our
civilization.
For the 11 months ended on May 31 at that date
the trans-Atlantic steamship cut-rate war ' had
scarcely begun the number of aliens landing on
our shores amounted to 740,000. That record, even
for a full fiscal year, has boon surpassed only twice
-namely, in 1903 and in 1S82. In 189S the num
ber of new comers to this country fell as low as
229,000, while the yearly average for the decade
ended with 1902 was only 380,000.
Contrast these figures with the tremendous vol
ume of immigration in 1903, amounting to 857,000
a number greater than the combined population
of the states of New Hampshire and Rhode Island
and nearly equal to the population of the state of
Connecticut or of West Virginia! There are 26
states of the union that have a smaller population
than the number of immigrants practically 1,600,
000 that arrived on our shores during 1903 and in
the 11 months of 1904 ended on May 31.
It is impossible to view this overwhelming deluge
of aliens without feelings of apprehension feelings
that are rendered not less acute by the reflection that
the bulk of this mass of humanity comes from sec
tions of Europe where poverty is the deepest and
illiteracy the greatest That the effect of this horde
of immigrants will be toward lowering the standard
of American citizenship can hardly be doubted.
The time is plainly at hand for drawing more
closely" the lines against the admission of foreigners
to this republic. There is a limit even to this in
telligent and progressive nation's capacity for the
benevolent assimilation" of aliens of people who
are not only alien in race and language but in
habits, customs and morals, and who are total
strangers to free institutions.
ATTACKS TITLE
Packers' Right to Desdemonia
Sands Disputed.
Question Involves the Itouiiitary
Line Ilotwtteii th States of
Ort'gou aiMl WitMhlngtoii.
AMERICA'S LARGEST BANKS.
Ilwueo Journal: Litigation which
will Involve the adjustment of th
Washington-Oregon boundary line at
the mouth of the Columbia river and
the ownership of several thousand dol
lars' worth of salmon around will
shortly be waged In the federal courts.
The suit will be defended by the Co
lumbla River Packer' Association,
which claims title to 10$ Acres of
ground In the Destlemonn Sands, the
tract now In dispute, and B, P. Hues
ton the surveyor-lawyer and son of
former County Treasurer Hueston of
South llend, will attempt to show the
Imperfection of the title of the pack
ing company, and his own right to the
property by value of an application of
sale In the land office, at tide land
rates.
Trouble an Old On.
The location of the boundary line be
tween the states of Washington and
Oregon, which is so doubtful that It has
long been the cause of clashes In
authority between the fish commis
sioners of the two states, has cast
doubt on the title to much of the tide-
land property In the river, and U Is on
I this doubt that the young surveyor
I lawyer will fight the case. If the track
The American Banker publishes a list of all the. i within the Oregon boundary, the title
banks in the United States doing a commercial bank-1 J . AjTf' thtt n'
ing businss whose gross commercial deposits exceed 'land office. But. on the other hand.
$5,000,000. The reports are based upon the latest, h0 Heu8ton ucceea ,n nvin inM
' . '. . the track Is within the Washington
report to the comptroller of the currency, or, m the boundary, ha ho to do, the deed
case of state banks, to the state. There are 164 in-.from Oregon win be of little avail.
I YtrttilA InMjta In l I si mi t a a rai vrv
stitutions in the list, which is headed by the Na-' aluable lt doubtful ,f thelr rwU
tional City Bank of New York, whose deposits f value will be considered, as the law of
amounted on June 9 last to the enormous total of th, tat prov,d that m&ch i,de
i lands be sold to the first applicant at a
$184,156,142. The next three banks in the list are , flat rate of s Der am.
Hueston Expected to Fight.
It Is believed that Hueston has ap
plied for the lands fully expecting that
has been suggested that If there It a
reasonable ground for believing such
to be the case, here Is a golden oppor
tunity for the state of Washington to
claim title to them and thereby get th
boundary question Into the federal
courts and settle (t once for all time,
The people back of Hueston have also
stirred up considerable trouble In lea
kers bay, near the mouth of the Colum
bia, although here the boundary line
between the two states 1 not a factor
In the question. A tract of over 100
acres lies In the bay, detached from
the mainland, ami Is, therefore, subject
to sale at the flat rate of IS per acre
to the first applicant Fish traps huve
been located on the lands for a number
of years, however, the trupowners now
paying a license of ISO per year on each
trap to th state. L C. Webb of Ta
coma, who Is represented by Heuston,
has filed on th lands and a protest has
come up from the flahtrap owners. .
More Revenue From Lloenses.
The state Is now receiving probably
more monej each year from fishtrapa
located on th Island than It would
receive from th sale" of the lands at
$5 per acr, and th question will arise
as to whether the state can be com
pelled to sell the lands when applied
for.
That litigation will follow th de
cision of the Washington authorities Is
considered Inevitable, and It la possible
that thereby the long-vexed question
as to th location of the boundary will
be finally determlnd.
The tract Hueston Is seeking to pos
sess Is valued at 115,000, but at IS per
acre would only cost a fraction oX that
amount.
SITTERS
Far Crimei.
DlarrsM sr
Bewcl Caatplalat
there la no med
icine will afford
relief quicker
than the litters.
Take dose at
the first symp
toms and avoid
unnecessary
suffering. ft
also euro
Naaata
Isdlgeilioa
Dyspepsia aat
Malaria Fmr
as4Afa.
JAY TUTTLE, M. D,
FHT8ICIAN AND 8UHOEON;
Acting AwUtaat lurgooa
U.S. Marias Uu-pltal aVrvt,
Office hours: 10 to 11 a-m. 1 to 4:10 p.m.
47? Commercial street Ind Floor.
Dr. RHODA O. I1ICKS
08TEOPATUIST
Mansell Bldg. 171 Commercial It
fllONE BLACK SX, I
U W. 1JA UK, Ui.IVi.dl
Mansell Building '
573 Commercial Street, Astoria, Ora
TELEPHONE BED ml.
Dr. VAUGIIAN,
Dentist
Pytbtao Building, Astoria, Oregon.
, Dr. T. L. BALL
Dr. F. I. Fricdrich,
"'"dentists"' ""
521 Commercial atmt Astoria Or.
Dr. W. O. LOGAN
DENTIST
579 Commercial St., Bhansban Building
C. J. TRENCH A RD
Insurance, Commission and Shipping.
CUSTOMS HOUSE BROKER,
Agent Wells-Fargo and Northern
Paclflo Expresa Companj. -Cor.
ELEVENTH and BOND ST3.
If It la worth whll t de business
at all it la worth whlla ta da let tf
It and thl means, always, a proper
tlonsts'ameunt f newspaper apaa.
STOP OVER. AT CHICAGO
on your way to 8t Louis fair. Low
ratea and best service via North-West
em line. For full Information, writ
H. L. 8ller, general, agent No. 131
Third street, Portland, Or.
each located at New York city also, the National
Bank of Commerce with deposits of $180,633,509;
the First National Bank, deposits, $110,52o,277, and litigation will result, but as is per
he National Park Bank, deposits, $90,516,997. For-cre "presents m small a fractional.
nart of the r va ue. tne lanus are wen
ty of the 164 banks in the list are located in New worth fighting for.
York city. If the state of Washington refuses
The banks havins the largest deposits in each of .to sell the tideionds applied for, iiues-
the other leading commercial centers of the country on w,n 8pp,y t0 the court" for WTlt
, . t,. . v, .. i t i ni t mandamus to compel the state
are the following: First National Bank, Chicago, authorlUe t0 Bell ln accordance wWh
the list are located at Chicago. The National Shaw
mut Bank of Boston has the largest deposits of any
a,tniUlIlAilIlllggllliiliiiiiiiilti,,,.yTrWrA
the law.
If the state attempts to sell, then
some move from the Oregon claimants
THE IMMIGRATION RECORD.
Commissioner Sargent of the immigration bureau
is represented as being "hopeful that last year's
immigration record will not have been passed" dur
ing the fiscal year that closed on June 30. He
is quite confident that, had it not been for the "cut-
rate war between the trans-Atlantic steamship
companies' there would have been a considerable
falling off in immigration for the fiscal year of 1904
as compared with the preceding year.
Evidently, Commissioner Sargent is of an opti
mistic temperament, says the New York Commercial.
Commerce, has deposits of $46,827,718, and is tenth
in the United States in the volume of deposits. The
hiladelphia National Bank has deposits of $33,-
318,777, and is the 18th in the United States. Kan
sas City has a bank with deposits of $30,776,979,
which ranks 21st in the list. The next city to ap
pear in the list is Pittsburg, whose largest bank has
deposits of nearly $20,000,000, and is 37th in the
ist. Denver holds the next place, its largest bank
having deposits of $19,282,297. There are 45 banks
with deposits of $15,000,000 and upwards, 20 of
which are located at New York city, nine at Chicago,
bur at Boston, four at Philadelphia, three at St.
Louis, two at Kansas City, two at Pittsburg and one
at Denver.
Other cities that figure in the list, having one or
more banks with deposits exceeding $5,000,000 each,
are Milwaukee, Buffalo, Albany, Detroit, San Fran
cisco, New Orleans, Cleveland, Baltimore, Washing
ton, Minneapolis, Scranton, Cincinnati, Portland,
Ore.; Omaha, Indianapolis, Newark. Los Angeles,
ueblo, St. Paul, Jersey City, Birmingham, Ala.;
Dallas, Duluth and Rochester. One hundred and
sixty-four banks having deposits of $5,000,000 and
upwards each are located in only 32 different cities.
Nine of these banks only are on the Pacific coast,
six of which are at San Francisco, two at Los An
geles and one at Portland. 'San Francisco's largest
bank ranks 52nd in the United States, Portland's is
05th and Los Angeles' 122nd.
I
bank in New England, $54,000,028, and is ninth in, be "P1- Fulton Bro- r A"
' ' ' ' I. l . ...V.I..V. TTtl.l at,, I urn Son.
the list. A St. Louis bank, the National Bank of iT - " ' IIT.""!
have already filed In behalf of the fish
ing combine a protest against the at
tempted sale of the Desdemona. Sands,
and without waiving any of their rights
have offered to pay the state of Wash
ington a reasonable sum for the lands
In order to clear away all clouds to
their title.
Boundary Defined.
The boundary line between Washing
ton and Oregon Is described In the
Washington constitution as follows:
"Beginning at a point ln the Pacific
ocean one marine league due west and
opposite the middle of the mouth of the
north ship channel of the said river,
and where lt Is divided by islands up
the middle of the widest channel there
of to where the 46th parrallel of north
latitude crosses the river," etc.
At best, the description is indeflnate
and since the adoption of the boundary,
the channels have shifted and the un
certain location of the line has often
caused conflict of authority ln enforc
ing the fishing laws of Washington and
Oregon, which are lacking in uniform
ity, and has placed doubtful title on
tidelands near any of the channels of
the river.
Concurrent Legislation Attempted.
' The Washington legislation ln 1899
adopted a concurrent resolution calling
for the appointment of boundary com
missions by the governors of Oregon
and Washington and appropriated
$1200 for surveys. It is said that the
Oregon legislature failed to take simi
lar action and nothing came of the
resolution. In 1903, Governor Rogers'
message deals with the question and
recommends concurrent action by the
two states.
In the meantime the question has
remained unsettled and many pur
chasers of tidelands ln the river have
paid both states for deeds ln order to
have clear titles.
Excuse to 8ettle Question.
The Washington land office has not
yet Investigated the conditions exist
ing at Desdemona Sands, and lt Is not
known here whether or not a reason
able contention can be made that the
lands are on the Washington side. It
Only those men who are actively engaged in the
publication of newspapers can have any accurate
idea of the enormity of the work of properly re
porting such an event as the St. Louis convention.
The Associated Press handled the big convention
in excellent manner and gave to its patrons service
never before equaled. The Associated Press is truly
a great news-gathering institution, enabling the
people of every city of consequence in the union
to be as thoroughly in touch with world happenings
as are the people of the great centers of population.
In its general scheme calculated to maintain a high
order of excellence in its service the Associated Press
has not erred in placing at the head of its north
west department Mr. Sydney, B. Vincent.
Staple and Fancy groceries
FLOUR. FEED, PROVISIONS, TOBACCO AND CIGARS.
Supplies of All Klnda at Lowest Prices for Flshrmn, Farmr M
, and Leogsra.
Brancb Uniontono, . Phones, 711, Uoionlowo, 713 R
A. V. ALLEN,
Tenth and Commsretal Streets.
ASTORIA, OREGON.
MinnninmiHuntHiiiiiiiinmiiiiiniim;
The TROY Laundry
Is the only White Labor Laundry in the City. Does the Best4
of Work at very reasonable Prices, ond is in every way worthy
of your patronage. Cor. 10th and DUANE STS. Phone 1991
PRAEL O COOK TRANSFER CO.
Telephone 221.
DrayinHnd Expressing
Allgoodsshippedtoourcare will receive special attention.
709-715 Commercial Street.
Reliance
Electrical
Works
H.w.cvutrs,
Manager
We are thoroughly prepared for making
estimate, and executing order, (or
all kind, of electrical installing and
repairing. Supplies in atock. Wt ,
!1 the Celebrated SHELBY LAMP.
Call np Phone 1101.
428 BOND STREET
mmiiiimimiTritrHiniitiiiiiituiinMitrrt
FRESH AND CURED MEATS
Wholesale and Retail
Ships, Logging Camps and Mills supplied on short notice-.
LIVE STOCK BOUGHT AND SOLD
WASHINGTON MARKET . CHRISTENSON Q CO.
rrmMiiiiiMiiiiftrTTTTyrrmTrTTTrri
ANDREW ASP, BLACKSMITH.
Having Installed a Rubber Tiring Machine of the
latest pattern I am prepared to do ell kinds of work
in that line at reasonable price.. Telephone 291.
CORNER TWELFTH AND DUANE STREETS.