ASTORIA, OREGON, SUNDAY, JANUARY 4, 1903.
3.
f Fresh . Meats
i -i
1 Aim ni
Low Prices and Satisfaction
Ross, HlggltlS & Co.
THE MORNING ASTORIAN
TELEPHONE Ml.
TO DATS WEATUER
ttvri.AND. Jan. ,-Wetern Ore
ron, imrtly cloudy with occasional ruin.
For
r
BARGAINS
Come to Oar .
Seventh
Annual
Clearance
Sale
THE
A. Dunbar
Co.
Sweet rn IS cents a pint. No
charge for whipping. Tsgg candy
tore.
FOR BALE At a bargain, a fine
cash register. Apply at Astorian of
tic.
Tou will alway find tho brut 15c meal
In (lie city at the- Rising Bun restau
rani, No. (It Commercial street.
.Young Japanese boy wishes eltua
tlon to do cooking and house work
City or Country; 8?0 Commercial street.
Call find nee the latent novelties from
Japan. Irg stock of fancy goods.
Yokohama Ilasaar, (2 Commercial st
For Runt Three furnished rooms for
housekeeping, on around floor. Enquire
at tkuttey' hardware store, 431 Bond
street. . j
? The llcenae of Fllots Ciunduraon,
Cann, Matthews and Groves have been
renewed by the Oregon hoard of pilot
,ommlslonerg.
The steamer Elder departed yester
day for San Francisco. She took on
100 tons of bok shook and a quantity
f oysters at Astoria,
f Por mirrors, brushes, soaps, perfum
ery, stationery, and fancy and toilet ar
ticles where an you be supplied so well
an at Charles Rogers', druggist T
i
, The funeral of little Albert Ekoos,
who died Friday evening from scarlet
ivcr, was held yesterday afternoon
ylth Interment at Greenwood.
y Miss Ksther'Carlson, the 16 year old
dniiKhtor of Mrs. Peter Carlson, llv
hiffj In the east end was reported yes
jteraay to be dpwn with scarlet fever.
ft -
I) dforge Welch, now a practicing at
torney l Hcppner, Ore., Is seriously
.'111 and his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Jas.
V" Welch, wll leave today to be with
him.
fi There is a movement on foot to
jrhange the assessor's term from two to
four yen in and a bill will be Introduced
at the next session of the legislature In
corporating the proposition.
An event of much Importance to tho
general public Is the sweeping clear
ance sale now under way at the popu
lar exclusive boot and shoe store of
Petersen & Brown. When a stock of
this pise Is' offered at special sale, ev
erything open and nothing withheld,
and'prlces way down to bedrock, It Is
no wonder that a run Is made on the
firm which bids fair to clean them out
of goods before the tlmt Is up.
L
anaiGroceries
a mm
A bill of sale was filed at'he customs
house yetrdoy by which Oeorga W
wooa transfer to C. E, Howes bis
one-sixteenth Interest In the pilot
schooner Joecph PullUer, - The con
iteration Is 7M. ; "1 . j
i? The munlii for the ball at Fort Stev
fns New Tear's ev was furnished by
Mrs, Ctarns' orchestra of this city aud
not by Portland mushjans as already
slated, The orchestra consulted of sis
jtoci and played delightfully.
I It is strenuously desired that Presl
dent Rooswclt visit Astoria while on
his western tour and an Invllatkm has
Wen mailed him to do so. Muyor Hup
ivrtsnl and 1b roinmnnlsj bodies are
doing the Inviting, on behalf of tha
rltv. .
Local boat builders have examined
the plans submitted for the construe
tlon of a laum-h to I used In the sua
turns wrvltB at this place. Tht Open'
ln of bids will not take place as soon
as formerly Intended, having been de
ferred until January 15.
Arthur J. Tee, formerly of this city,
but for tome year a resident of Port
land, has been appointed as steward of
the club, Horry W. Dean having re-
signed. Mr. Tee at on time was
clerk of tha Occident hotel, and Is very
popular with the club fraternity of this
city,
The newly elected councilman will
assume thglr offices tomorrow noon at
a meeting of the city dud called for
that purpose, The other matters to be
brought up will be tho Appointment of
standing committees, a delivery of the
mayor's annual message and the fixing
of a time to hold meetings during the
coming year.
O. H, IMIInger, who Is connected
with the Portland office of o. R
H N. Co., ,vos down yesterday looking
after the Improvements that are being
made to the dock here, The entire
front Is to be renewed, entailing a large
expenditure. Mr. Bellinger, who is a
sun of Julge HIllngtr, returned to the
metropolis on the night train.
The following bids were received yes-
turday afternoon by th street com
ii'lttro for the construction of a drain
on Eleventh street: C. E. Johnson,
HT.; V. A. Ooodln, 4M; C. O
raimberg. 1450. The contract was
awarded to Mr. Palmberg after he and
Mr. Goodln shook dice over the matter
Mr. Pnlmbcrg was also awarded the
contract for repairing the bell tower. for
engine house No. 24. The only other
contestant was Birch dtJacohson. $75
Palniherg's bid was 174.
The Margarita Fischer company con
cluded its week's engagement at Fish'
ers' opera hauio last evening with the
stirring melo-drama, "A Noble Out
enst," While the company Is not, In
two or three respauts, up to Richard
M insfleld aKgregatlon, the , members,
nevertheless, do work that receives en
thusiastic nolle wherever they go
Miss Fischer ' quite young and has
not been on the stage a great while.
but her admirers are very confident
that a grett future Is In store for hef.
Tomorrow night the great . musical
farce comedy "The Irish Pawnbrokers!'
will be presented at Fishers' . opera
houso. The fun Is of the rlp-roarlng
mlrth-comnelllmi order,, yet never- des
cends to buffoonery or caricature. The
company Is an unusually strong organ
isation for this special production, first
and foremost among whom may be
mentioned Mszle, Trumbull In her cap
tivating interpretation of the star
soubrette role of Artgellne. Those who
would enjoy three hours of heartiest
laughter should exchange their cares
for the chuhlis 'of" enjoyment handed
out by the "Irish Pawnbrokers" Beat
how" selling' rapidly" at Griffin's book
store.
The reported removal-' of O. , W.
Lounshcrry from the Astoria agency of
the O. R. & N. to Pendleton caused
much surprise among Mr. Lounsber-
ry's frlonds here. When called on yes
terday afternoon he said that he had
heard nothing of the reported Change,!
but believed an error had been made In
the use of his name. Mr. Lounsberry
did not care to discuss the matter, In
the absence of authentic information or
advices from headquarters, but It can
be stated that he would probably not
leave Astoria, even If a better position
wtire offered him, as his Interest cen
ter hare. He has lived In this city for
ntiout 20 y sars, owns considerable prop
erty, and has many other reasons to
feel that Astoria should and must be
his home. That the report of his trans,
fer was erroneous appears quite prob
eiile, and there Is little danger that the
popular agent will find a home else
where. .
A telephone message to the local O
II. m N. office yesterday afternoon
stated that tha steamer" Itywalo had
vroken her pitman strap, and thai
she would not arrive down this mors
Ing. In consequence of the accident.
there will be no morning boat out
Astoria on Monday. Th steamer Un
dine will arrive down this morning
with the Itassalo's freight and passen.
grrs. Only mesgn- particulars of the
accident were received, but It
thought It wilt not take long to repair
the damage.
, A landslide which occurred yester
day morning on Mltle near Creek
broke the water main at thut point and
the reservoir in consequense is not be
Ing replenished. At the point where
the slide occurred th main takes
plunge of 800 feet to the bottom of the
ravine and at the very bottom Is where
the break occurred. Great pressure
Is ftlt there and heavy castings are re
quired. The work of repairing will
commence this afternoou and It I hop
ed will be Unshed sometime tomorrow,
In th meantime it behooves consumers
to be economical as posslbl in the
use of water or the limited supply on
hand will be exhausted.
There Is a large whale stranded near
Fort Blnven and there Is every Indira.
tins that It will stay strunnVd. When
first observed th ehug levlalhaa wo
broadside on the jetty and was beln
knocked in a merciless manner against
the work. After a desparate- effort
the treat fish righted Itwlf and strug
glvd through an 18-foot bent its sides
graslng as It want. Friday evening
the whM.i was pounding on the sands
somewhat further out, but not In water
of sufficient depth to be free. A
Hlefcrt and W. Laycock, employed on
lh government works, made close ob
servatlons from their engine on the
jetty and state that the monster Is ful
ly "5 fret In length.
tiff Ice of C. Q. M., Vancouver Uar
racks, Washn., December SI, Wi
Sealed proposals, in triplicate, will be
received here until 12 noon, January
190S, for delivery on a wharf acces
sible to ocean-going steamships at
fortUnd. Oregon, or on government
wharf at Seattle or Taeoma, Wash., of
material required for the construction
of 13 buildings (officers' quarters) near
Manila, P. I. Information furnished
here. V. 8. reserves right to reject
or accept nny or all proposals or any
part thereof. Envelopes containing
proposals should be marked: "Propoe
al for material required for tho con
struct Ion of officers, quarters near
Manila, P, I ," addressed F, H. Hath
away, C. Q. M.
Judjf Alex 8week, state senator from
Multnomah county and a prominent
democrat, was In Astoria yesterday,
just at this time the doings of demo
crats are watched with Interest, as the
new governor Is of that political faith.
When nn Astorhm man saw Senator
Sweek he was talking with a bunch of
Astoria democrats, t ut assured the. re
porter that his visit had no political
significance. Efforts to Induce him to
talk politics fell fiat. "I am out of
polities," said he, but the merry twln
kie In his eye Indicated that he thor
oughly realized the humor of the re
mark. "I am a lawyer, sir, and came
down to look after the Interests of
client." The senator eild the demo
cratic sntoker In Portland on January
I would be an Informal affair to which
all democrat wre Invited, and expres
sed the hope that Astoria would be well
represented. Tha llg democratic love
feast Is to come later, and on that oc
casion Invitations will be burned to the
faithful by a committee. Senator
Sweck returned to Portland on the
night train, having found It Impos
slide to remain over In Astoria for a
day. ,
The committee appointed by the sal
mon packers of the Columbia at their
meeting in Portland last week, and
consisting of Messrs. Geo. H. George,
F. M. Warren Jr. and Geo. W. San
born, held a meeting yesterday after
noon at which a schedule of rates for
taxation and license fee was arranged
which, If adopted, will Increase Jhe
mounts raUed by this tneehs for artl
clal propagation by about W percent
over the receipts of Inst season. The
report covers all Items' subject ti" li
cense, Including packinghouses, cases
of packed salmon, boats, gear, etc. It
Is the intuntlon to do awny with Indi
vidual licences so far as they apply to
boatpnlleri. H. M. Lorntsen, secre
tary of the fishermen's union, was pres
ent by Invitation and will cooperate
with the packers In the endeavor to
raise the amount necessary for the
proper protection of the Ashing Indus
try, The report of the committee will
le presented to the packers at a meet
ing to be called by Chairman F. M.
WarrenV probably "on Tuesday next 'ln
Portland. The recommendations of
the.pack.rs will be submitted to the
state legislature at the coming session,
and will also embody the request that
the state appropriate $30,000 for the
purpose ot building hatcheries, ; and
$5,000 idJltlonal to make up the amount
necessary for their' malntalnence. It
Is estimated that the amount to be rea
lised from taxes and licenses, it, the
recommendations of this committee are
made legal, wilt approximate $17,000.
La it year's receipts were In excess of
$11,000. An effort will also be made to
Induce the state of Washington to equ
alise Its license rate with those of Oregon,
SCHOOLS TO BE CLOSED
UOAKD IIELIKVKfll CONDI
TIOXS WAKRANT IT.
Score City Health Ofllclal Who
; Make Iteply to the Attack
Upon Them.
The school board ha gone after the
health department ot th city, and in
nn open letter to City Physician Cor
diner takes th health authorltlea to
task for what It term th laxity of the
city sfflclals In observing the quaran
tine regulations. , However, the board
evidently appreciates that there is
4m cause for alarm, and will cause
the schools of the city to be closed for
at least on week, Intimating that.
should conditions warrant closing for
longer period, the order will be con
tlnued in effect., . The letter 1 a fol
low:
ASTORIA, Jan. $.-Dr. C. A. Cor
diner, Health Officer, City of Astoria-
Dear Kir: Your favor of the 2nd Inst
requesting us to close .the schools, bos
been received, and a meeting of the
board was called to consider tbe same
"Yon will pardon M if, upon discus
sion of your communication and re
quest, the board has seen fit to crlt
Ida the action of the health depart'
ment for Us laxity .In quarantining
house wherein scarlet fever ha been
reported, and it 1 a serious question
If this laxity has not been the cause of
the spread of the disease.
"Several physicians have informed
members of tbe board that they have
reported case to th chief of police,
and that no notice was taken of the
same. In one case, where a death oc
curred, followed by a public funeral,
many small children were permitted to
view the remains. At the same time
another child was lying 111, afterwards
dying from the effects of scarlet fever,
yet there was no quarantine.
"Where any notice at all is taken of
the disease, a flog Is simply put up,
and members ot th family and rest
dents ot the house sre permitted to
come and go at will; sheets and bed
ding and clothes are tuVen to the Chin
etw laundry from tha sick rooms. Who
Is responsible? It seems to this board
that the health officer and the police
are the proper parties to correct this
state of affair.
It Is remarkable that the disease has
been, or hi, confined to some three or
four families, a you Inform us..
"We do not wish to be unduly critl
cnl, but would much rather cooper tf
in this matter; and, In accordance with
your request, we beg to state that we
will defer opening of the school foe
at least one week. ...
"The board hopes that steps will be
taken to properly quarantine the In-
fected homes. If you do not or can
not do so, we consider It ot Uttle use
to close the schqols. Very truly yours.
"E. Z. FERGUSON, Clerk
"By order of the board."
A reporter talked with Chief Hallock
about the charge In the board' letter
that he had not displayed proper ac
tlvlty when cases of Infectious disease
were reported to him. , Chief Hallock
aid: 'v-': V' ' . '
So far as I know, I am not the
health officer of this city. I am sup
posed to report contsgeous disease to
the city physician, and to follow his
instructions as to placing out flags and
notices. The statement that I have
been lax in my official duty Is not well
founded. Once a physician reported
an Infectious case to me, describing the
location as Being on Scow Bay street
personally made search for the house
and later detailed an officer to look tot
it, but neither of us could find It.
am willing to do and have done
whatever the city physician has In
structed me to do. No 'Other course
remains for me under the existing reg
ulations." .
DOCTOR CORDINER'S STATEMENT
Says He is Doing the Best He Can tn
Preventing Contagion.
.Dr,;CA. Cordiner, city physician
and Chief of Police Hallock called at
The Aiorlan office last night to make
reply tothe letter from, the Bchool
board., , Both official seemed to think
the board should have addressed the
letters to them through the mall, but
were willing, nevertheless, to stand by
their public records. Doctor Cordiner
sumbitted, the following reply to the
school board's letter: '' .J
"ASTORIA, Jan. I.-To the Editor:
In lost evening's Budget appeared a
pmmunlcatlon from the school board,
addressed to the city physician, con
cerning, the laxity of the quarantine
being placed on the various houses in
fected with scarlet fever. I heartily
agree with the honorable gentlemen
that ihe" quarantine I somewhat' lax;
but upon what Individual can the blame
be placed? Upon arriving at those
house I usually find, the people In
formed by their physician what they
may or may net do, and that before finy
quarantine 1 placed on the premises.
What can I do In the matters-disagree
with the attending physician In "many
cos?, thereby Incurring the enmity not
only of ald physician, but ot the peo
ple a wel( and demand that they do
such and such, and then not be backed
up in th matter by the city law?
"The same men who now criticise
would be the first to point tbe finger
and say I had no business to act so. I
tell you, I am "between th devil and
the deep sea.' I advise you now, gen
tlemen, that I shall get along a quiet
ly a I can with th other physician
nd not Inconvenience the people more
than I required for public safety.
"Several physician are - quoted tn
your letter a having reported case of
scarlet fever. Permit me to say that
only two physicians have reported can
es of scarlet fevef to me (count again,
gentlemen;, and In each case, two
hours after being reported, the prem
Ises were under quarantine, placed
there by a police officer and myself
The statement quoted from, some phyi
Man that 'In one case where a death
occurred, followed by a public funeral
many small children were permitted to
view the remains, and at the same time
another child was lying sick, and af
terward died from the effect of scar
let fever,' all without quarantine, Is
wrong and the truth Is not In It, for no
family has lost two children.
'in concluding, I hnll ask the co
operation of every physician and every
citizen, that we may more effectually
stamp out the dreaded disease. As for
the members of the school board, they
consider It a personal favor to cooper
ate. Not at all, gentlemen; It Is de
manded of you. C. A. CORDINER
ESTES UPHOLDS CITY PHYSICIAN
Dr. O. B. Ksti-s was seen last night
by an Astnrian man In regard to the
closing of schools during the prevalence
ot contagious disease In the city. The
physician Is strongly in favor of the
schools being closed and expressed him.
seif on the matter in a decisive man
ner. ..
'Scarlet fever," said Doctor Estts,
"exist at the present time In this city
In a more virulent form than at any
period during my residence here and 1
hive lived here for nearly 20 year,
Doctor Cordlnw, In hi recommenda
tion a city physician that the school
be not reopened next Monday, Is emi
nently correct and I stand shouldes-to
shoulder with him on the proposition,
Public schools should be kept closed
for et least two weeks longer. The
welfare of the city demands It. If
they are open?! next Monday and the
children are permitted to Intermingle
and come and go at will, a condition of
affairs is more than likely to visit this
tommunlty that is fearful to contem
Plate."
OCEANS OF RAIN.
More than seven feet of rain fell In
Astoria during the calendar year 1003,
and it wasn't a bad year, either, tbe
summer months having been particu
larly fine. The month Just passed
December, contributed its full share to
the seven feet, and then some. The
total rainfall for 1!H)2 was 80.46 inches,
according to Weather Man Johnson's
records" In 1899, the year during
which the rainfall was heaviest, the to
tal precipitation was 101.40 Inches, or
about eight and one-half feet, while the
precipitation for 1SS4, the low record
year, was "only" 49.38 inche. That
It can rain in Astoria, and rain hard, 1
evidenced by the fact that the precipl
tation for 48 hours ending at S o'clock
yesterday morning was almost ( Inche.
December was a bad month right from
the start. The maximum temperature.
50 degrees, was recorded on Christmas
day a sort of present, as it were, from
Mr. Johnson while the lowest mark
reached by the glass, on th 18th, was
S3. The mean temperature for De
cember of all years Is 41.1, so Decem
ber was 1-2 degree colder than usual.
Tim precipitation tor the month was
15.27 Inches, or 2.55 Inche more than
average. The weather bureau year Be
gins September t, on which date In
1902 the rainfall showed a deficiency of
1.4 Inuhe. However, It did not take
December long to wipe out the defic
iency, and the exo?ss at the end of the
month was 8.68 Inches, the gain hav
ing been 7.13 Inches. , Of the Jl days
rain fell on 24; there were two clear
days (due to an oversight on the part
of the observer, no doubt); two days
were partly clou iy, and 2T were cloudy,
COOKS AND WAITERS, NOTICE.
The cooks and waiters' union will
hold a special meeting at labor hall on
Sunday'eVentng, January 4, at 8 o'clock.
Business of importance. All members
are requested to be present.
" A. J. KLAFFKI. Pres.
S. M. GALLAGHER, Sec.
TOU CAN'T STOP, THEM.
The inclemency of the weather has
no terrors for shrewd buyers; it one
can judge by the crowd which attended
the great close-out sale of dry goods
knd men's furnishings at Shanahan's
on Saturday. The sale will be again
resumed on Monday, and last tor- 30
days. '
DISSOLUTION NOTICE.
Notice Is hereby given that the firm
of Mcintosh ind Boss has dissolved
partnership. All accounts due the
rm must be" paid to W. K. Mcintosh",
who will continue the business, and will
settle all claims.
W. R. McINTOSH.
A.M. ROSS.
FIRE SALE.
Damaged Block Now Selling at Re
duced Prices. " -
She damaged stock of clothing, wraps
cloaks and millinery la now being sold
at remarkably reduced prices In order
to make room for an entirely new stock
coming. Don't fall to call and se the
goods. , Almost have them at your
own price.
MRS. INGLETON, Welch Block.
Grand January Clearing Sale
Has begun and lasts all through
nothing but first class goods, an
you. Below are a few of th m
Ladle' Jacket " Lad lea' Milk Waist
Ml $5 and W coats, sale price J3.4S Ait $3.M $4. and $4.M silk
All $7.S0 and $8.M coat, sale , ' wai,tB at '. .. ,. ....$2. SO
price.............. ..$5.50 ' - '
All $10 and $12 coat., .ale Walking Skirt
price .. .... .. , ,.$7.W
. .,, . ... . Ail $1.25 klrt at ......89c
All $14.50 and $15 coat, sale
price ..$11.48 An 2 a ,klrt 8t ' H.25
All $18.50 and $22.50 coat, All $4 klrt at ............. 2.50
Pr'c -$1.48 AH $5 klrt at ,. $.00
Ladle' Flannel Waists- . -, . - , . .
All $3 and $3.50 waists, sale Men'8 Underwear
price .... .... .. .... ....$2.69 Alt 50c and 0c underwear,
All $2.50 and $2.75 waists, sale sale price .......40c
VTice $1.89 ah i underwear, sale price. ,80c
All $2 and $1.75 waist, .ale A, underweftr
price ,..$1.39 , . t
All $1 and $125 waists, sale pMCe
prjcj' , ', ,,,,, g9c AH $1.50 and $1.75 underwear
- sale price $1.25
Ladies Tailor Made Suit All $2.50 underwear, sale ,
All $10 suits at ...........:$ 7.48 price .. .... . $1.75
All $12.50 suits at ........ 8.48 All $8.50 underwear sale .
All 15 and $17.50 suit at .. 10.00 price $2.50
1
If a sale I not right return the
Morse Department Store
OUR REDUCTION SALE
BEFORE INVENTORY-COME EARLY
AND GET YOUR CHOICE ;
20 per cent off on Fancy Crockery
v 25 per cent off on Bisque Vases and Figures
10 per cent off on Fancy Stand and Hall Lamps
10 per cent off on Floe Blue and German Cbina Ware and
Dinner Sets.
10 per cent off on all Plated Ware except 1847 goods.
FOARD a STORES CO.
Astoria - i Ore.
First Great Annual Clearance Sale
Of Furniture, Carpets, Stoves and Bedding
Art squares, best quality gran
ite In new Oriental patterns at
reduced price. ,
2ttx3, reduced from $4.75 to $3.35
3x3, reduced from $5.25 to $3.75
IxS'i, reduced from $3.73 to $4.65
3x4, reduced from $6.75 to $4.95
15o Hatting, sale price..... ...10c
18c Matting, sale price .........13c
20c Matting, sale price ........ 15c
25c Matting, sale price ..20c
S5c Matting, sale price 27o
,,- BOc Carpet, sale price .... S7 1-2 c
' 65c Carpet, sale price ..50c
75c Carpet, sale price 5Sc
85c Carpet, sale price 65c
65c Linoleum, sale price ....50c
Great Eastern
SHANAHAN BUILDING
A MEvSSAGE
I to every Man, Woman and Child:
I SHOES
I Fancy Slippers, Rubbers, Rubber and
I Canvas Boots, Newest, Largest, Latest
I Stock, '
I PETERSON 3 BROWN
............ ...
THE ASTORIA
, , ' ' ''
Opened January. 1, 1903 I
ASTORIA'S NEWEST HOTEL
Best Errtertainrrfbnt
Corner Seventeenth
JACK DENCK
Castings
, We ar prepared to male then oa
abort nolle and of th best materials.
Let us give you stlmat oa any klnA
of eastings or pattern work. Lower!
price tor Orct-claa work.
TELEPHONE NO- 2461. '
the month,' Remember we handle
d our low price cannot fall to please '
any thing we are offering:
good and get your money back.
$3.50 Iron Beds, sale price ..$150
$4 Iron Beds, sale price $3.00 '
$5 Iron Beds, sale price .....$3.75
$7.50 Iron Beds, sale price ...$6.00
$1.25 Feather Pillows for ....75c
$1.50 Feather Pillow for.... $1.00
$1.75 Feather Pillows for $1.25
$2.50 Feather Pillows for .. ..$2.00
$15 Bedroom Suits to gq at Sale
price $11.95
$15 Dak Sideboards, to go at
sale price $1195
Good High Back Dining Chairs, ;
sale price 65c
Hard Wood osking Chairs, for
sale price 'a
Furniture Co.
376 COMMERCIAL STREET
i
- ,
at Moderate Prices "
and Commercial Sts,
.Proprietor!
IRON, STEEL,
BRASS
and BRONZE
ccw Day IrcnO
Oor. )8th ssd fraailla tit:
1 ! I