THE MORNING ASTOKIAN, THURSDAY, APRIL 1, 1901 A NEW STANDARD. OF MERIT IN Tailor-Made Stilts Special attention is called to tho unusual ex cellence ot tho line of Tailor-Mado Suits we are now showing ranging in price from $7.BO to $20 each New ,VoHirato Skirt, Now flilk WaIkIm, Uox C'onls. etc., etc, Kincst JtdlicH fur InfuntH. OUR HTORK CLOHICH AT 7 P. All contract, for ndvcrtiMiiH In tha Aatoi Ian urc ihhvIc on m Ruur. Mitlce of circulation (our time lariter thun tliHt of any paper published or circulated In Clat op count)'. TODAY'S WEATHER. PORTLAND, April II. WUrn Ore gon, partly rlui)y with ahowera tear the roam, cooler In tho southern por tion; Western Washington, cloudy and thn-ntriilng with ahownra nnar th 'imi; Kaatnm Oregon. Kuatcrn Waah liiut'in ami Idaho, dm1y and threat vnmg. with ahiwera, chiIit. AROUND TOWN. Hrt Oaaton about harnaaa. Beat K-ent meal Hiring tlun Ws. taurant, (11 Commercial Bt, Japanno goods of all kind. cheap at Yokmm Haaaar; tit Commercial Bt. Rolled oat make a gl mush whan you r'l th 1mm. We Uh II JOHN BON DRUB. Mr IUmusen It prrpamd to da up ! curtains In good or dor, Lrava or ders at Urrfon bakery. Waml-llrl for general houaework In small family. Apply at No. Vi Krankrtn Av., near Klghth. Ham Molt, Jvm'i agnt fi.r th l a Iiii Fuller Company, come down frnn Portland on lat night's train. The llrltUh hark Thiatle, with a car go of wheat, for Kumpe, arrive down lnt lit and will go to sea Ihla morn ln. II. oivt-n wa fined $10 yesterday by Pulwe Judge Nelaun on a charar of be lli drunk and disorderly lout Sunday tin nunc 1j puty Klah Commissioner MoIUvy and Wal"r Bailiff Fred Wlrkmaa left terday on a tli-en collecting trip up th river. - The British suimer Warflcld, for Cal lao, Pern, will arrive down tnay. The Wnrh'M rarrles a rargi f 1CI.3SH bush- la .f whuil. valued At which la the lriti-t car) of irraln "vcr cleared from a North I'arlltc port for the Went roaxt . BfcST IB-CENT MBAI5 RI8INO IUN HEBTAt'HANT. ' We Know BEST f EN. . . DOLLAR SUB? On the market. These suits would easily sell for much more, but we were bound to have the best Ten Dollar Suit to be had anywhere and WE'VE GOT THEM . All new and late styles, neat patterns. You will be surprised to see them. M. ICXCKIT SATURDAYS. The MrltUh aieiuner Bt. Hde. with a cargo of gertertl merchandise for Chi nese port, will arrive down today and proceed to d, Wanted- To rent, a nicely furnlahed houae of four r five room In central part of city. Address, stating price, "I"' car Momma; Aa'ortan. Grand Maater J. W. Welch, I. O. O. F.. will leave torn rrw to pay official via Ita to a number "f lodg'a In different m-cllona of tDie male. t'rertm nur ry. Amnrlca'a flnent whUkev. Tha only pura ood; guar anteff't rich and mrltow. JOHN I. (.'AltLHON, Bole Agent. If you like irod butter try our A. Horenaon'a. Thera la nothing letter made. Qwility and full weight guaran trd. JOHN BON BIWW. If you have a faatldlou palate and vour aaatrta eeonomy la In a doubtful condition, eonault tha appetizing menu at th llixtm Kent an rant. Mr. and Mr. John Walah. of New York CHy, are In At'rU. Mr. Walh repmtenia the Knyal Uaklng lewder Ciitnpany on the I'wlftc c"at. John A. Montgomery baa opened a ahop at 421 Itnnd treet and la prejared to do all claf of plumbing and tin ning at the loweat poaalWa rate. Mr. and Mm. II. Jiea. of Sitl-m, are In the city In attendance cn the leachera Itw.ltute. Mr. Jm- repre a nta the Orrgn TeaMiera' Monthly. Hoalyn coal luata longer, I cleaner and make ei trouble with atovea an1 chimney ttuea than any other. Oeorge W. Sanborn, ag'nt; t'lephona 13H. I'rf. Ilurnhnm. of Portland, who wa to have delivered an aldretiH before the tencher' Inatltute yealenlay, did nt reach the city yratxrday but l fXx-cted t1ay, The captain of the Ardnatnurchan Ima egpbUne r hOMf tha rata of aalmon were wiahed anhore on the Clataop leach from hla ahlp. by aaylng that a violent tiurm mUe It nceaaary to Jcttiaon a part of the cargo. An unrpect.Mlly large audh pee gn-rt-ed Kvangellat King at the Baptlnt chunh lat night and avery one ap (wared to be deeply Inlerented In both hla Kinging td preochlng. After the aannon a number knelt In a consecra tion pr.iyer am-Ice. MeeOnga will be hel.t each evening thl week at 7:30 and a cordial Invitation la eKiandad to all. SUIT We Have ithe mm Tha W. P. T. If. will meet thla af ternoon at 2:30 at their hall, corner of Hind am Kleventh atreota. All tni'iri bera and frlenda of the union are In vited to be preacni and any donation of clothing or other neceaaltlea tut tho relief of tin. poor will be gratefully re ceived. Miyor Iiergtnjn algm) yeaierd.iy the ordlna-ncea conllnnlng the nmiexiiment for Ihw Improvement of Twelfth at reel and providing for the repairing of Kr.itiklln nvriiie. The ordlnunca puaaed nt the liiat rii'-ellng ImiMiMlng a lax of t'A m Junk and aecotid hand tli-aler baa not yet been algrieij. A pec.il meeting of the city council will he held next Monday night nt which time the telephone liivriHo ordinance will bt up for pnxH.ige. Heveral meia nre priivlillng payment for atreet con tructora will be Ininxluceil and the -alilon of lanltor of the city hall will be filled by iippolntmetit. The Went aiiwtrtlll and fourteen u''re of properly adj'lnlng, at W.wtport, haa been wol I by Duvld Win I to David Hultor ojf I'ortUnd. The deal waa made through Jiiincii Klnluyaon, of thla city, nnd WHa complMtml yeotenkiy. , The con alderatlon waa not made public but la thought to Im) about flOKiO. AHrl Thomiamn. formerly a member of the Aatorli allca forc, who re turned to Finland ome time ago, write to a friend here that 'he haa woven a Columbia river aalm ui net and la meet ing ith great auce na In a flahlng ven ture, there being a ready market for all the anlmnn he can catch at ten cent a pound. Murtln One-n. a patient at the h"n pltal, who hta Ix-en ufferlng from blood tMilaonlng. will have nn operation of akin grafting iK-rformed If Ir. A. A. Finch ran find aufDclent men willing to contribute the neoiuuiry patchea of cuticle. The nkln on olaen'a arm haa aloughed away and the grafting opera tion la the only relief pomOble. The committee of Blka, appointed by Kxaltad Ituler . W. Fulton, to dla cu rh propiMuM utreet fair during re iritla week, iel two meetlnga yeater dav at which the vubject waa thor oughly, gone over anil It la probable that a favorable report will be made to the l.xtir.'. t'nder the ulana now on foot Dm IJtka will tak i iitlr charge of the carnival, nml It la a foregone conclu alon that It will be a roualng aucceaa. Judge lielllng'T rendered a declalon yeterdity In i'onltnd In the matter of ohtectlonN of crditora to. the filing of a petition In bunkruptcy by J. W. I'onn, the AatorU druKglrt. The atore her' waa ld to Mm. Conn aeveral nmniha ng'i by the truatce and the money wmx furnUh-d by the IHumauer Frank Irog Comiwiny of I'ortiand. Certain of the crJltorji claimed tht Conn had a-orn futaely m giving the amoi'ni of hla properly. A! a "n-tlng he,l at the council chamber lull night e-rmantnt organl action wna effected of a local brunch of the flirka' International Protective Ai c'atlon. The following officers were elect.-1 nl Inat.illei): Prealdent, J. H. Hmlth- rorrcapottdlng iecretary, J. Jt. HuHliigton. financial lecretary and treanurer. Albert t'arb'on. Hereafter mertlnga will be held on Tuesday -ven-Ing of nch week. It la expeered that nltlnately all the i Urka In the city will alg'i the niembemhlp roll, which now haa ver thirty algnature. The anao elation la aitlllnted with the Amerl.'sn Federation of I-abor. Judge Holllnger. of the United State dlatrlct court, rend'rvi a doclalon yea-t-'rlay auatolnlng th demurrer In the caae of the government agalnat Con atable Wlllim Kelly and 8h,rlff Tho. Llnvllte of thla county, charged with Interfering with a I'nited States mar ahl In the dlacharge of hla duty. The charge grew out of the arrvat of two aeamen. rieacrter from the Krltlsh ihlp Cederbank. aome two month ago. by Pherllt Llnvllle and Constable Kelly. The men had been ordered returned to the ahlp by l'nll?d State Commla loner Peudy and were taken off the vee by the Ait.nl.i otllcer. The coun held th'it the commNaloner erred In dl ri'rtlng the mnmhal to return the men to the ship. They ih'mld have been ordere.l turned over to the British con ul. Tlie marshal exceded hi author ity and the Aatorla officer could not be rhnrged with Interference. AUTOMOnrL.K8 IN WAR. Automoblloa are to be used a army transport w'agon. Trlil experiment In France have proved convincing. It I odd to note tho dlflerent uses to which nature and science are put. On the bat tlefield they flsht for the destruction of life, while thiouirhotit the country Hcs tetter'a Stomach Rltters, one of nature's moat scientific medicines, fight to pre serve It. For fifty years the Bitter haa been making atrong stomachs and cur ing dyspepsia, indigestion, constipation and biliousness. In the spring when the vtam Is usually run down thl won derful medicine will bt helpful In res toring your health and strength. It will also prevent malaria, fever and ague and as an appetiser It Is unequall ed. See that our Private Revenue Stamp Is over the neck of tha bottle. LA LOIB FTTLLER. Famous Dancer and Company to AP pear Here. Mnnnger Sellg yesterday concluded arrangements for the appearance of the well-known and world-renowned Are dancer, La Lole Fuller, and her com pany, to appear at Fisher's opera house next Wednesdny, the 24th. Although this attraction Is brought here at an enormous expense, the prices here will be the same as at the Marquam Grand In Portland, where the company will play next Monday and Tuesday. This seaHon I Lole has originated two new dances that are causing sensations ev erywhere, called the "Tempest" and the "Archangel." In the latter slw uses what Is undoubtedly the costliest dress thit has ever been seen on the stage. The east and grace with which she han dles this vast quantity of material Is ssld to be really wonderful. She will alio produce her famous "fire dance." THE CALEDONIANS ARE COMING. There Is somethlni? new under the sun. The ladles of the library will prove this assertion on next Friday, April 20. when the Caledonian Club of Portland appear In their unique enter tainment at Fisher's theater The pro gram will be a typical Scotch one, a special feature of which will be the bagpipe solo by one of the world's best soloists on this particular Instrument. This feature Is only one of many equal ly Interesting numbers. Admission 25 and 50 cents. C. W. BARR DENTIST Successor to Dr. Ball. S7S Commercial St, ASTORIA, OR. TELEPHONE, ROD SOCL JOSEPH HUME IS DYING I'KOM INKNT FACTOR 1NSALMON I'ACKIMJ INDUSTRY. Came to Count a Ship' Cook and Mudu Fortune at Furcka and FIhc where- An Aks iclatod Press dispatch !o the Astortan from Herkeley, California, re ceived last flight statd that Joseph Hume, the well-known salmon packer, waa lying at the point of euth at hi home In that city, and the end was momentarily expected. Jisteph Hume has been Identified with the salmon packing Indusiry almost alnco Ita first weptlon on the Pacific cMist. He was horn In Augusta, Maine, about r,7 years ago, and In early man hood shipped aboard a sailing vessel as cook and came to the Columbia riv er. Ills half-brother, William Hum", who was the first man to pack salmon, waa then operating a cainery at K'igle Cliff on the Washington aide, and as sociated with him were other brother who ha.d pi-eded Joseph Hume to the coast. The firm name at Che time wis Ilap good, Hume A Co., and the new arrival worked as a day laborer at the can nery for two years. It was the custom of the elder Hume to admit his broth er to partnership as the buslnes In creased, but for aome ream Joseph was not taken Into the firm. At the expir ation of the two years he persuaded Ivverldge, Wad hams St Co., to back him In a cannery at Kureka. He was unusually auccesMful there and laid the foundation of a fortune estimated to now amour', to a million dollars. In W he wis u partner for a short time In the Blmore Pack ing Compiny. -u ritly he ran a cannery at Knappton, which he dis posed of In 1HH2. He returned to Astoria the follow In tr vejr and packed for two seasons, hi canmry standing on the site now occupied by the Hchmldt cold storage plant. Since 1XS4 he has not hevn a factor In the Columbia packing Industry. He removed to Han Fran clv. where he engaged largely In real estate transactions and, according; to current reports, made a substantial ad dition to his already large fortune. In hW he again re-entered the pocking Industry, locating on t'hlgnlk bay. Al aka. I'nder the firm name of Hume rtrother. and Hume he ha operated continuously there sine that date. Mr. Hume was twice married. He wa$ separated from his first wife and mar ried a prominent society woman of lWkeley about two yearn ago. Mr. F. P. Kendall, of Astoria. 1 a niece of Mr. Hume, her mother. Mrs. Neal. hav ing been a half-sister. Mrs. Kendall was not aware that Mr. Hume was III. much less at the point of death, and hla acquaintances generally in the city will be surprlsd at the announcement. He has several son by his first mr rtag? who are associated with him In the Alaska canneries. TEACHERS' INSTITUTE. Harvey Soott to Deliver Address To night at M. E. Church. TODAY'S PROGRAM. MORNING. 10:00 Subject, writing. Specimen work from classes of Miss Sayre, Miss Olsen. Miss Fossett, Mrs. McCormack, Mtas Garner and Prof. McCue. (ieneral discussion led by State Su nerlntendent Ackermon. 10:30 Educational Journalism, Prof. C. H. Jones, of Salem. AFTERNOON. 1 SO Music. Singing by pupU of fourth grade. MoClure's school. 3:00 Subject, manual training, Prof. D. P. Dyer. 3:1- Subject, reading. Specimen readlnas from classes of Miss Stockton, Miss Deaiey and Mrs. Lemon. EVENING (M. E. CHURCH.) Hon. C. W. Fulton, chairman of the evening. 8:00 Music. vocaJ duet. Miss Shively and O. A. Thornton. Invocation. Rev. W. S. Short. Address of Welcome, Prof. W. W. Payne. Address. "Progress of Education In Oregon." J. H. Ackerman, superintend ent of public instruction. Music, vocal solo, Mrs. J. T. Ross. Address. "Exploration and Settlement Near Astoria." Hon. H. W. Scott, of Portland., ' . The Clatsop county teachers' insti THE PLACE TO BUY CANNERY SUPPLIES FISHING BOAT SUPPLIES BUILDING MATERIAL SEWING MACHINES AND FARM IMPLEMENTS IS AT. riuvinvruvutAruvinnxuinjvinx n tvjJK i ljilj . PORTLAND, OR. tj The Only First-Class tute was opened yesterday morning at ths High School by Huperintendnt Ly man, who delivered an address of wel come to the forty-five teachers esem bled. Ralph Worseley was made sec retary and Miss i;adole acted aa as sistant erre;ary. The folo.vlng teach ers were enrolled: High school Prof. V.', W. Payne, Misses Dora tiadollet Ktuma Warren and Eleanor Crlt hley, MrClure school Mr. Cirrle Krager, Mrs. Jfs!e McCnrmacIt, Misses May Ut siltiger, Laura Oray, Anna S. Olsen and Harrl ;t M. rSayre. Bhlvdy school Prof. C. A. Thornton, Mlsae Miry Deaiey, Kathryn Shively and Jennie Lusey. Adair school Prof. A. L. Clark. Mrs. Mary E. Lernon. Misses M.iul 13'iyli, Emma Ausrnus. Kate Slnnott, Helen W. Pl.-ke.nson. Olney school Irof. Alfred Cleveland, Mlaac May Morgan, Ethel P, Hl'nn ami Maud Htockt tn. Alderbrook school Prof. J. C. McCue, Misses Mary Fasiwtt, Elizabeth Me Cann. Hammond N. P. Singleton, Mis Lau ra Prescott. Heaslde Prof. T. C. Jory, Miss Myra Yocum. Melvlle--Mlss Sophia Anderson, Neal Stupp. Olney Frank Leahy. John Day Miss Llllle Lewis. Westport MIsk K.1n Titus. Knappa Miss Westertand. Aatorla Miss Mildred Graves. Wlse-MIss Clara G. Barker. Prjsp-fct Park Miss Carrie Jlffer. Push Miss Annie Iewl. Jeffennn Mm. Jennie Gardner. Bvenacn Miss Nellie Oerdlng, Ralph H. Worseley. Warrenton Prof. J. T. Lee. Mlsa An nie M. I'owell. Superintendent Lyman sounded the kevnote of the purpose of the Institu tute when he said In hla opening ad dress that the discussions arranged would empniaize th" gro-vth of char acter through mechanical work. The narrative of school work, which was tne- subject of Prof. Payne address. preceded a discussion In which Profes sors Thornton, Clarke, McCue. Cleve land, Lee and Jory par'.lclpa'ed. each bringing cut Interesting point Involv ed In successful school work. At the afternoon sesalon the children of the second and third grades of the snivel y cho)i sang, and drawings II luuratlng different studies were shown by the pupils of the McClure and Al derbrook schools. After a short paper bv Miss Busey, explanatory of her metniMi or teaching drawing as an aid to primtry work, a clas of little chil dren from the Shively primary distrib uted drawings, made by them, for the consideration of the teacher. Prof. Jory. of Seaside, spoke on "Patriotism." and the address of the afternoon by Hon. John Mlnto followed. A number of visitors were In attend ance at both sessions, Including several from distant parts of the suite. CLATSOP COUNTY TEACHERS IN STITUTE. The regular annual Teachers' Instl ture of Clatsop County will be held at Astoria, April 17, 18 and 19. Day ses sions will be held at the High School building. Evening sessions, Thursday and Friday at I p. m., will be held at the Methodist church. Teachers in the county will attend all sassions. The public and all friends of education are Invited to be present at any or all ses sions. H. 8. LYMAN. School Superintendent. THE LOUVRE Prof. Traxell, the well-known leger demain artist will give bis marvellous sleight-of-hand performance at the Lou vre during the coming week, and other features have been secured that will make the program a most Attractive one. Dr. Rhoda C. Hicks, OSTEOPATHIST Consultation Free. 57S Commercial St., Astoria, Or. WHERE DO TOU BUY YOUR GROCERIES? HAVE TOU TRIED A. W.SHIPLEY? 151 Commercial Street. DO TOU KNOW That he gives you the best thsre is to be had in the city for the least money? Place an order ones and see. IT'S IP TO YOU to try our cigars we're done all we could to furnish you fine ones. The tobacco In our cigars to long filler and of -the best qual ity, and the people wbo roll tbem thoroughly understand their business. So, aa we said before, 'It's up to you" to smoke 'em. If we can succeed in having you make a trial of one cigar, you are very likely to finish (he box. WILL MADISON FISHER BROTHERS, Astoria. Ore. Hotel In Portland cmrr ttm m fa worn mm Mtn SWEET RESTORERS. ljjLEEP cannot appearance neiiner can ivory ooap. There are other white soaps that look like Ivory Soap, this is a penalty which it pays for its great success. But you are not deceived, there is only one Ivory, the others are imitations of its perfections. 99Xi PER CENT. PURE. JOHN MiWS ADDRESS DELIVERED BEFORE TEACHERS INSTITUTE YESTERDAY. Reminiscences of Early Pioneer Days in Oregon and Trials of Settlers. The feature of yesterday's session of the county teachers' Institute, a detail ed account of which appears elsewhere, was an address delivered by the Hon. John Mlnto, of Salem, an old Oregon pioneer. The paper Is reprinted by the As tor lan in full, and is full of Interest ing reminiscences and facts connected with the early history of the state. The speaker was Introduced by Prof. Young, of the Agricultural college, and the ad dress was as follows: "Ladles and Gentlemen, Members of the Teachers' Institute: I am glad to have the opportunity to speak to you on a subject that became almost the sole subject of thought with a teacher, who made himself the earliest, and I would not be far wrong In saying, the ablest, champion of the settlement of Oregon. Hall J. Kelley. a teacher in Boston, Mass., began to write, advo cating the settlement of Oregon In 1817. During the Interim from 1S31 to 1833 he hsd an association formed and was publishing a periodical In Boston, styled the Oregjnlan. advocating such settle ment, and appealing to congress for a grant of land as a means of encour agement and aid to his project aa a na ttonal interest. "In 1832 one of his disciples. Nathaniel J. Wyeth. broke away from hhn with twenty-one men. reached Oregon with eight and these deserted him. This left Wyeth perplexed but not In despair. He returned to Boston and made a fresh and better start, reached the lower Co lumbia and became Involved In a life and death contest with the Hudson Bay Company. It was a fair stand up con test and Captain N. J. Wyeth retired from the field with high esteem for the personnel of the Hudson Bay Company In Oregon and they for him. "As he retired. Hall J. Kelley arrived at enemlty with Ewlng Young, whom he had Induced to Join him In California. Here he was at the mercy of the H. B. Company, whose officers furnished him a house, a servant to wait on him. cloth ing, money and a passage to Hawaii. With this assistance he left Oregon, a physical and almost a mental wreck. But this man's writings aided much in planting the spirit of freedom and clr llizatlon In Oregon, and today its In. dustrlal life is working out almost to a realization of his most elaborate con ceptions. "His failure seems to have lain in the fact tha be could not induce free , men to "work to his plans and he could work m no others. The same was true In a degree of the attempt of Captain Wyeth, though we sh&ll see by a careful study of the elements composing what Is known as Oregon's story, both had potent Influence through others In the formation of a civil government In Ore gon, through agencies that the com mercial power of the Hudson Bay Com pany could not control, and the Intel ligence of the missionaries had failed to cope with. 'In his address to the Oregon Pioneer Association In 1873. the Hon. 3. W. Nes mlth used the following language: " 'In the far-off future, when the "New Zealander will nit upon the ruin ed pl3r of London bridge," and Indulge In antiquarian cogitations relative to the past. It might be convenient for him or some other delver in historic mines, to r?fer to the archives of the Oregon Pioneer Society, to establish the fact that the founders of our state, unlike Romulus and Remus, derived their sus tenance from something more respecta ble than a she wolf. It is then evidently a duty that we owe to posterity as the second article of your constitution has it "To collect from the living wit nesses such facts relating to the pio neers and history of the Territory of Oregon as the association may deem worthy of preservation." "I quote this as from the very fore most of unmarrl-M pioneers of the home buildjrs, who arrived In time and help ed to finish the work of forming a government by the people and of the oeonle. began by the pioneers, of the pioneers, who made the call for the wolf meeting, which took place at Che mawa (the Gervals rldnce), March 6lh. 1843, and ended with the determin ation to form a provisional government May 2nd, at Champoeg. "Dismissing as not worth the notice of American children of today (except as the probable origin of our word ro mance) the story of the mythological parentage of the twin brothers, Romu lus and Remus and their un-natural nursing by a she wolf, we may rea be imitated except in sonably assume that the Trojan set tlers on the banks of the Tiber met and overcame the same obstacles to successful pastural life, as did those re tiring hunters on the banks of the Will amette and that the Uf of the she wolf was the nourishing cause of the in stitution of government In each case. "It may be worth our while to exam ine the causes for the call of the wolf t mtlng which we may concede was' desired by a few persons then located at or near Oregon Institute, which la ter became Salem, as an opportunity to begin a civil government. Why was It this call was effective? This question might be answered simply by saying it was a first and pressing interest to the poorest and most independent body of latest settlers, not connected vlth the Hudson Bay Company or the M. E. mis sion settlers in Oregon coming eubes quent to the first California cattle drive in 1837, who were not supplied with cat tle bv that drive excent In a few In. stances. Of the sum of 12880 Invested In California for cattle and horses in 183S (M80 went for 4 head of the latter at SL2 per head), Dr. MoGloughlin had put In near $000 for cattle for the H. B. Co; Mr. Slacum had advanced $500 to Jason Lee of the M. E. mission and a sum on his own account, which amounted to 23 head on their division to Oregon J1S4. Thus on this meagre Information we have fifteen hundred and sixty-rour dollars out of twenty-eight hundred and eighty, original capital which did not benefit the settlers as Independent men. "As to who originated this enterprise, recorded Information leaves us entirely in the dark. We have reason to be lieve that Jason Lee endeavored to bring at least one cow across the nlalns with him In 1834, but no reason to be lieve that he got her to the Oregon set tlement. It was natural that he should wish to remove the interest under Ws charge from obligations to the H. B. Co. for the loan of cattle. It was not ural also that In order to Induce Sw ine Young to employ his energies and capital in any direction other than run ning a distillery, he should be willing to Join Young In the enterprise of getting cattle from California; and it was quite natural for Young, who knew the cheapness of cattle In California and the rich grasses going to waste In the Will amette, to turn in that direction for em ployment of his means and energies, when he found his distillery enterprise would be opposed by aU the power of the Hudson Bay Company through Dr. McGloughlln and by the missions of Oregon. These considerations leads the writer to conclude this first cattle drive not only originated with Bwtng" Young, but was being secretly prepared for by him and others, when Mr. Slacum ar rived at Vancouver. T. J. Hubbard who came to Oregon with N. J. Wyeth, nev er ceased to burn with Indignation at the manner of the crushing out of the second effort of Wyeth to replant Amer ican business In the lower Columbia valley, had been three months In the employ of Bwing Young repairing traps and guns, secretly as possible, but os tensibly for a trading expedition to Southern Oregon (should a reason be required), and was at Vancouver to get needed means for that purpose when Mr. Slacum arrived there. The Rev. Jason Lee happened to be there at the same time; and a short conference led to Hubbard's leaving to notify the American settlers of a meeting to be held at Wallamet (as the mission site was then called). "Note, this Information came to the writer from Mr. T. J. Hubbard with much other In regard to Wyeth's trade struggle, during a ride together In the former's wagon from Belpassa to Port land, In 1863. But whoever originated the enterprise, It Is plain that deduct ing the sums advanced by McGloughlln, the mission and Slacum. Including that paid for horses (which perhaps was fairly charged to costs). Deducting Ewlng Young's capital and compensa tion as lead r and that of P. L. Ed wards as treasurer, which remained or became a part of the mission herd, there was In all probability less than three hundred head of cattle rom the first drive, attained by the agricultural set tlers of Oregon. Not near enough to liquidate the cattle Indebtedness of missionaries and French Canadian set tlers to the Hudson Bay Company. The mission. It is supposed, cleared its obli gations for loans of cattle received from the H. B. Co., but we have no evidence that it sold any to settlers un- . til it was closed out by the Rev. George Gary. In 1844. while It held Slacum's together with Young's t'll after the or ganization of the provisional govern ment. Thus it was that In 1843 the poorest settlers In the Willamette val ley found it ery bard to purchase cat tle, and cattle of all domestic stock could best defend themselves aaralnst wolves though thy were not lmnjTtse. "The second cattle drive was, there fore, a poor man's movement. In 1840 there was no money in Oregon. The Hudson Bay Company', business In Oregon waa one of barter and Its prln rinal business was to buy fur. direct ly with Its goods exchanged for furs at Its terms, or. Indirectly, giving goods (Continued on fourth P.)