Lincoln County leader., October 09, 1914, Image 2

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New Indian Animal Stories
How the Martin Won the Gourd Nest
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By JOHN M. OSKISON
5TOvOOTO000OTOKOTOKKiOKTOTOKHfO00
THERE U probably no other city
in Europe that presents such
decided contrasts os Sarajevo,
the Bosnian capital, in which
Archduke Francis Kerdinnnd
was assassinated. On the one hand
you have great modern governmental
buildings, substantial, artistic, clean
and well kept, that would do any na
tion proud to possess and that serve to
tell every comer how Austria kept her
word to govern Ilosnla for the very
best of the province. On the other
hand, in the native quarter, you have
bazaars and kavanas; you meet with
latticed harem-balconies and old,
walled-ln court yards and fall afoul of
deep-hooded women and fezzed and
turbaned Mussulmen that take you
back to the days of the Arublan Nights.
It is a strange Irony of fate that In
this modern, yet archaic, city the heir
to the AuHtriau throne should meet his
nemesis.
nut even aside from this recent play
of history Sarajevo Is of Interest. In
this city of curious contradictories
there exists the queerest department
store In the world. Not alone is this
bo because every man, woman and
child In the place Is compelled to buy
of the great Institution, but also for
the fact that the most modern systems
ure Intertwined with those of centuries
passed. This great department store,
which is known as the grand bazaar,
I run on the system of Individual
shopkeepers housed together in one
great building. There are as many as
a dozen chops of certain sorts and com
petition has been overcome by the
strongest kind of unions the trade
guild which sets the price of every
thing and also the minimum to which
bartering will bring It. As a result, In
Furajovo there are no professional
choppers; for when a Bosnlun has
stated a price he will not aud cannot
budge.
The Great Bazaar,
The great bnzaur of Sarajevo con
lits of an Intricate labyrinth of lanes,
some of them arcaded, so that but a
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fiTKUCT 5CLNC
feeble light falls on the cobbled floor;
others open to the beating sun, and all
lined with open, wooden booths, behind
which are the storehouses for the
wares. The houses themselves arc two
stories high, built square and coated
over with plaster externally. The sec
ond story Is wider than the first, thus
throwing a deceptive gloom on the
goods In the shop. Often tha belles of
the shopkeepers' barem live In the
upper story and there are lattices
through wbh they peer down at the
shopkeepers. In other sections tha loft
Is also the storeroom and heavy grat
ings protect it from thieves. In one
section of tha great bazaar ths bouses
which practically form on Immense
dwelling, have tha first floor of crude,
sun-dried brick, while In the center
facade of tha upper, projecting story
there Is a little latticed balcony to
which ascend the noise and tha smells
, and. often, tha dust of the little Irregu
lar street In some sections tha house
walls are yellow, with a striping of
blue about ths windows and doors.
8oma of tha booths are clean and or
derly. Others are a mass of filth. In
all of them, however, the Turk alts
cross-legged In a corner beside a tall,
silver flagon of cold water smoking the
eternal cigarette. Folks wsnder by,
but be does not seem to car to attract
their attention. None of these bazaars
does a land office business, and yet
they all exist
Ona sees the waroe at their beat on
Wednesday, when the peasants coma
Co town and there Is mora likelihood
if sales. In this great department
tor It may be aald that everything
tinder tha Balkan sun Is for sale. Hhops
of every sort are together, but things
which wa should sell In ona class of
store will be found with Strang com
jiaakuia here.
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In the very heart of the great bazaar
Is the Mosque of Husruf Bey. One
passes through a great wall Into a
court yard of stone, where a fountain
plays that one may wash In for ths
prayers or draw free drinking water,
for elsewhere In Roisnla water Is not
free, but Is sold. Beyond the fountain a
tree throws its shade and In the
shadow stands the tomb of the founder
of the mosque. Good shoppers are a
pious folk, and they will drop In here
to offer prayer, while on their way
through the bazaar.
The Interior Is almost Identical with
that of a mosque, the walls eloping up
to the dome, with countless niches,
decorated with geometrical designs in
blue and white, for the Koran forbids
"the picturing of things animate. An
elegant rug graces the floor and In the
center of this stands the sarcophagus
Itself, hewn of marble and covered
over with a green canopy, heavily
worked In gold. At one end of the
tomb immense candles stand, Illumi
nating a turban of stone on a pedestal
close by, the turban indicating the
grave of a man. At one side of the
tomb, a little settee Is placed, that the
weary shopper may sit in prayer, rest
ing his eyes on a great glass case on
the opposite wall, In which a green
prayer-cloth from Mecca now hangs.
The Coffee Houses.
Among the bazaars are the kavanas,
or Turkish cafe houses. For the poor,
In the center of the bazaar, there has
been opened a Wakf, a Turkish char
ity, where the poor receive their coffee
free. Others, however, take their bev
erage In the regular cafes. In the
smaller of these the coffee beans are
placed In a tiny brass mill, of the
thickness of a pump handle, the lower
half of which unscrews to emit the
pulverized grain, while In the larger
eetabllHhments the beans are pounded
In a stone mortar, with great Iron pes
tles, and then worked through a circu
lar sieve, that only the finest may be
used. This powder Is then placed In
brass pitchers, upon which hot water
mm
1
IN SARAJEVO
is played, until the mass Is practically
aissoivea, wben a small flagon of the
deep, dark liquor la presented the
guest
These ar Just a few vignettes of the
common Ufa of Sarajevo. Military re
views, with cohorts of proud Austrian
aoldlory; simple peasant fetes, with
their Kola dancea.on soma green, shop
ping among tha atores, tha peer of any
In Europe to hava one's purchases
brought home by muleteer, aa were
ware In the holy land In tha dava of
the Savior, medley of color; the noises
or in cnera, tha quiet or tha residen
tial streets and harems all these go to
make of th Bosnian caDltal ona of tha
unlqu spots of all tha near East
For "Summer Bachelors."
An Ingenious man la Washington,
whoa wife has gon to the country, Is
responsible for the Inauguration of a
new dish which la not only a novelty
to th palate, but which can b pro
pared at stag parties without being
spoiled before It Is ready to serve. It
Is modification of the old Mexican
frljol. which la th southern equiva
lentIn a gaudy sense of th North
American baked bean. It can be pre
pared In a chafing dish.
Ilia recipe la a follows:
A green pepper Is cut Into small
bits, a half pound of American cream
cheese and a can of ordinary kidney
beana are put In th chafing dish over
a slow Are and allowed to cook until
the cheese and th extract from the
beana have mingled thoroughly.
"It la Impossible." said this "sum
mer bachelor," to go wrong on this
dish. It la Impossible to burn th In
gredients unles th heat from th
chaflng dtsh Ar become too great
and I hava yot to see a chafing dlsb
, when lb Ar got too hot"
Children, Color
(Copyright, by McOlure Kewipaper Eyndl
eata.) Long time ago. the fork-tnlled martin
used to build their gourd-like nests
under the .eaves of the council house.
And that was a verv convenient nlnpA
too both for the martins, who liked
to live cloae to the people, and for the
little Indian bova. who liked to watch
the birds swooping and flashing In the
air.
Sometimes one of the bovs who was
not satisfied with watching the birds
in tna air would climb to the eavea
and bring down one of the nests. And
If he waited until after the young mar
tins bad gone awav. It was all richt
Then one of the old men would tell
the boys why the martin's nest was
line a gourd.
It happened at the time nf tha first
ball game between the birds and, the
tour-looted animals.
On one side, the Great Bear waa tha
captain of the players, and for the
birds the Great Eagle was leader; and
for many days before the gome the
big animals went about the earth say
ing what good ball players they were.
But the Great Eagle told the birds that
they must not boast; and It was be
cause they did not boast that the llttlo
bat and the tiny flying squirrel Joined
tho birds and helped to win the game.
Veil, tho game was played In a
emooth meadow beside the river, and
It began early In the morning, when
tho dew was fresh and sparkling on
tho grass. Out in tho center of the
meadow stood the Great Beaver ready
to toss the ball. He looked toward the
Great Bear and asked If ho was ready,
and the Great Bear said:
"Tho game may as well begin." Tho
Creot Bear spoke In sort of tired
way, as It It was really no use to go on,
but he supposed that the birds would
not be satisfied until the animals
showed them how much better they
were. And then the Great Beaver
asked the Great Eagle If the birds were
ready.
"Wa have Just seen the edge of th
sun coming over the treeHops," said
the Great Eagle, "and we are ready to
Play."
BOXING TAUGHT AT COLLEGE
8vral of Big Educational Institutions
Follow Example of University of
Pennsylvania.
Columbia university. Franklin and
Marshall and several others of th big
educational Institutional ar following
th lead of the University of Pennsyl
vania In Introducing boxing among tha
method of physical tralulng. A few
year ago such an Idea would have
been bitterly opposed, and there would
have been small chance of Its adop
tion. But tlmea change, and peo
ple grow mora broad-minded every
day. There la no question of th bone
flt of a knowledge of boxing aa a
meana of self-defense. Anyone doubt
ing this can get tha proof Instantly
by undertaking to Imposo on a man
who la a skilled boxer, even If b
Is a much smaller person. But the
best us for boxing I aa a meana of
healthful exercise. In learning to box
th student learns to act quickly, to
keep cool and to watch for an opening.
He finds that In order to successfully
cop with an opponent he must not
lose his temper. Tha man who losea
bis temper while boxing Is sure to
get th worst of It. Outside of
swimming ther Is no exercise to com
pare with boxing for a complete use of
the muscles of th body, and, of
course, swimming cannot be enjoyed
except In the water. Boxing, being a
competitive exercise, Is superior to
swimming through the fact that the
nerves aa well as tha muscles ar
exerolsed In the sparring bout Quick
ness of the eye la one of the things
thst oome with constant practise ot
boxing. The lungs are expanded and
very muscle from tha top of the head
to the sties of th feet la brought ln-
Up This Picture.
So the Great Beaver tossed up the
ball. Before It could come to the
ground the flying squirrel sprang from
hU tree and caught It Then he ran
up to the very top of the tree on which
he had lighted and threw the ball to
the Great Eagle.
Back and forth In the atr went tho
ball, whilo tho animals down below
ran round and round wondering how
they were to get a chance at It. From
the Great Eagle the ball was tossed to
the hawk, and when the hawk had car
ried It half way to the goal he passed'
It to the bat Now, the bat had Just
got his wings that morning the birds
bad made them for him out of some
thin pieces of groundhog skin which
had been stretched over the head of
a drum and be was not quite used to
them.
As the bat darted and dodged
through tho air his new wings got
tangled In his hind feet and be bad to
drop the ball In order to get them
loosened,
"Now wa have the ball!" cried the
Great Bear, running like the big,
clumsy fellow be was. He stopped for
Just a second to shout over bis shoul-
I der to tho Greot Terrapin, who was
turning ciolb ocnina:
"I will carry It hnlf woy, and then
I will toss the ball to you!"
But while the bear was speaking
these words, the fork-tailed martin
came straight down from far above the
tree-tops like a swift arrow, and darted
upon the ball. As the martin rose
from the ground with the ball he Just
had room to get past the big mouth
of the rushing bear.
All day the ball game went on, and,
as the sun was going down, the Great
Beaver said that the birds had won.
And when all the birds came to the
place of roosts for the night the Great
Eagle wouldn't let them go to sleep
until they bad found a good reward
for the martin who bad saved the ball
for them.
And the best reward they could
think of waa to give the martin a
gourd for a nest and be waa so proud
of It that he bas kept It to this day.
to play. One of the things which tend
to keep many parents from having
their boys taught to box Is the ides
that It will make them rough and
overbearing In their manner, but the
exact opposite Is the rule, for It Is
very rare that a clever boxer Is a
bully. Should such be the fact It Is
natural to th lad and doea not com
through a atudy of the manly art
Pickling Timber.
Timber experts have discovered that
Umbers thoroughly soaked In the
brine of th great Salt Lake ot Utah
are very slow to decay. Piling which
was driven Into the bed ot the lake
over forty years ago la still In perfect
condition because the timber Is thor
oughly Impregnated with salt It has
been suggested that timber may be
soaked In the waters ot the lake and
then be thoroughly covered with creo
sote to keep In the salt and keep out
the moisture. Sea water does not
have the same preservative Influence
on timber because It Is not nearly so
salty as that of the Salt Lake. Tha
American Boy.
A Wsll-Dtserved Rebuk.
There Is a certain kind of "smart
ness" which any hoy may well avoid
If be hopes to be really smart
Bob, ssys Llpplncott'a Magazine, Is
a shrewd and quick-witted old negro
Janitor of one of the New England
colleges, who Is thoroughly liked by
all the atudenta. One dsy be bad
burned off some of the dead grass In
the college campus, when a freshman
came along, and said:
"Well. Bob. that grass Is Just tba
color ot your face."
"Yea, aah." said Bob, suavely; "but
dat don't matter. In about thre wsths
till b Jea' d color o' yo' no."
wjsElXlVMti
1 ,IHTV-,
"Principal Street, Irkutsk
A THOUSAND . miles after you
have left Russia, Journeying
I n across a flat, featureless
4j ocean of steppe toward the
rising sun, you will enter a
wood.
Light-heartedly you plunge through
a crevice of that dark wall of ever
green foliage. The cool gloom is
pleasing after the shadeless steppe.
ToWerlllK masts of nlna nnrt flr anil
cedar. Infrequent glimpses of sky
uirougn cnance vents In the roof. A
faint dank stench of rotting logs and
waterlogged moss. Not a bird or a
beast to see or hear: clusters nf moa.
quitoes wreathing in spirals up a
glancing shaft of twilight The silence
of the grave, wrltea Bassett Digby In
the New York Tribune.
Yea;- pleasant after the shadeless
steppe. ... It must be a deep
wood though. Mllea hava d rawn Intn
leagues. Suddenly night falls. . . .
ii you nnd a track In the next three
daya, which is Improbable, you will
live to celebrate. In aome turf-roofed
log .hut your first week'a naaaaea
through this forest yes, you begin to
call it a forest now.
Well, to summarize. If von ara a
Pretty good walker and hava lurk vnn
will be getting near the eastern fringe
of that forest about seventeen weeks
later. Long before that you will cease
to wonder at a certain moroseness, a
certain long-faced alienee, In your
woodmen hosts. And not Improbably
you will have vowed to pause for a
day at the frontier of this forest If
ironuer It should have. Indeed to Ha
on your back on the steppe and gaze
at clouds. You have almost forgotten
wnai a Dig, spacious cloud looks like.
Out of th Cedars.
Comes a morning when the cedars
and firs thin out and birch coppice en
sues. Presently the birches thin and
thin, trickling away Into a broad down
ward sweep or treeless prairie. A
few leagues ahead ellnta of cold anrl
silver flush incomprchenslvely out of
the far distance. Then iiiIohIh.. nf
dazzling whlto, spirea and towers and
domes, and a city appears, swept on
three sides by a river of foam-flecked
emerald, the Siberian metropolis.
If you are looking for Occidental
grandeurs (sic), comforts and culture,
approaching this outpost of empire
with the Berlin or the Boston point of
view, you will And Irkutsk crude. To
appreciate bur you shpuld come upon
her, mentally If not In actuality, out of
the awful solitudes of forest that
hedge ber about; then you will not cry
he upon her for being the capital city
of Northern. Asia and having neither
street-cars nor skyscrapers, few drains
and fewer atrect lamps, hotels a rlre,
Ln actorless opera bouse and roads
that are lakea of mud or drifts of
stifling dust
Facts? Facts T You can't And a
guide book dealing with Siberia, and
you champ your hungry Jawa for
facts? No; there are no guide books.
Facts? Oh, well then Irkutsk, the
capital city of a largish slab of the
world's dry land, about three times
the six ot all Europe, exclusive of
Russia, baa 80,000 inhabitants who
labor under ths delusion that they are
Europeans, though TO per cent of the
hairiest ar bonest enough not to give
th matter much thought wearing
tneir snirts outside their trousers and
dwelling In small log huts and bovine
tranquility.
In 1662 Ivan Pakhobov, leader ot a
filibustering gang of Cossacks and ex
ceeding tough, built a stockaded tim
ber fort at the Junction of Ui rivers
Angara and Irkut Altruistic patriot,
lam waa less of a motive of bis than
legitimatized plunder of the Uoorlat
Mongol fur trappera. Ha levied trib
ute on them extorted loot to th ac
companiment ot flag wagging. Some
of It may eventually have reached tba
treasury at Moscow. Who knows? -
When Professor Qpielln came out
In 1734, on the pioneer sclentlAo ex
ploration of Northern Asia, he found
3 log but at Irkutsk, of which most
contained. In addition to a atove and
a bathroom, "un chanibr aans fume
ou n s tlent en famine," which la
more than one can aay nowadays. In
1803 th whole of Siberia was placed
under th administration of a gover
nor general, with a resldenc at Irk
utsk. Today th city baa a cathe
dralOur Lady of Kazan thirtv.in
Orthodox Greek churches, sixteen par
ish churches, thirty-five private chap
el attached to residences, soma Rnm.
an Cithollo churchea, a German Lu
theran church, forty-nine schools, eigh
teen charitable Institutions, an opar
I t
house with nothing going on most ot
the time, a government gold labora
tory, barracks by the score, several
banks and breweries and monasteries
and Jails, a fine museum with an alert
educational programme of lectures,
and so forth, a very few factories, sev
eral tanneries and a major ln a caval
ry regiment who weighs 31 stone,
which is Just short of a quarter of a
ton a blithesome boy who enn prob
ably ride a gun carriage with the most
reckless of 'em.
Of the Irkutsktans Gmelln wrote:
"Us alment l'exces l'olsivlte, le vln et
les femmes" not till be got out of
town, though. I'm still ln Irkutsk, at
the mercy of the mob, so wait awhile.
Lata Dinner Hour.
An odd city, this. At 6 o'clock this
morning frost gripped the ground. At
2 o'clock in the afternoon the sunny
sides of the street were deserted for
the shade, where It was only 81 de
grees Fahrenheit! A lie-abed town.
No one appears on the streets till af
ter 10 o'clock In the morning. Early
lunchers begin to drop Into the res
taurants about 2 o'clock. The dinner
hour la from 10 at night till 1 o'clock
In the morning, und you linger over
your drinks and Crimean cigarettes
till 3 or 4 o'clock, listening to the or
chestra or moving from table to table
to chat with your friends.
The chief restaurant In'town, the
resort of the creme de la creme of
wealth and smartness, offers not un
interesting glimpses. It is quite good
form, for instance, to enter the crowd
ed room vigorously scraping your hair
and mustachios end whiskers and
beard with a largo and greasy comb.
None of the lunchers through whom
you thus thread your way are squeam
ish enough to push away their soup
plntes from your scurf strewn wake.
Wanting a waiter, yXju bang your plate
with a" knife, clamorously and with
application, till ho appears. Mold
and manure stalntd earthen pots,
standing In water loRRed (aurers, hold
the rooted once-we-were-flowors on
your tuble. Argumentative canaries
and vainly shrill linnets trilling from
a dozen cages drive you nearly silly.
Yet tho food Is excellent and the wait- .
era models of their genus, apart from
a lumentablo tendency to snatch the
fork from your plate wherewith to
pry the cork from a bottle of wine.
Few men care to saunter ahnnt Irk.
utsk after dark without a Browning
in a handy pocket The first time I
came to thla town 1 was assured that
there was at least a murder on th
streets every four-and-twenty hours.
with considerably more soma nlra
Warm nlahta: when It waa a.nltv.tn-tia.
Indoors-don't-you-know. I doubted the
rsct till I came back subsequently and
verified It And now, this spring, af
ter an absence of three years, I And
veBperal murders more DODular than
ever. Nasty, uncomfortable murders,
quiet murders In the dark by gentle
men who haven't a thins: acalnst vnn.
but need a spare shirt, or merely want
to keep In good tralnina. Thara a
no street lamps half a mile from the
heart or lb Is metropolis. That helps,
too.
The laxy and inartistic spirit
ly sidle up In felt slipper and sand
bag or club you. The real union mur
derers are garroters. Even as Tnm.k
Is the educational and cultural centre
of Siberia, Irkutsk Is every ambitious
young provincial garroter's goal. It
la a high honor to be In with the gar
rotlng Four Hundred of this town, tb
aristocracy of homicide. Squatting
low on their heels, they lurk In the
gutter at the sound of your approach
ing ateps till you appear close by, sil
houetted against the starlight Then
the hide lasso Is neatly cast over your
head; swiftly and silently you ar
choked to death. Or a partnership of
three will operate. Two chase you.
At the crescendolng sound of rushing
footfalls the third man draws a rope
taut across the street You trip and
fall headlong. Before you are up again
you are knifed ln the back.
Small Per Capita Dtbt
The total debt of the fortylght
state government of this country on
June 80, 1913. as reported by Director
Harris of th census bureau waa
$422,796,625, as against a total national
debt of 82,16.204,14. Less cash In
th treasury available for payment of
th national debt. It amounted to only
$1,028,064,066, or $16.69 for each man
woman, and child. That I very email,
as national debts' go. That of Franosv
for example, la $160 par capita.
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