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About Lincoln County leader. (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 25, 1914)
VALUABLETO.FARMER Hawks and Owls Destroy Many Voracious Rodents. Perrugtnoui Roughleg It One of Our Largest and Most Beneficial Bird, at It Feedt on Meadow Mice and Other Mammals. ' (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) According to biological authorities of the United States department ot agriculture, certain bawkt and owls are of value to the farmer In destroy ing voraclout rodents. Notwithstand ing the deep-rooted prejudice against these birds, It la the belief that the good they do overbalances the evil. Hawks and owls may be divided ar bitrarily Into four classes: 1. Species wholly beneficial. 2. Those chiefly beneficial. 8. Those In which beneficial and harmful qualities about balance. 4. Harmful species. It should be stated that several birds of prey belong to one or another class, according to locality. A hawk or owl may be locally injurious because at that place mice, squirrels, insects and other noxious animals are scarce, and consequently the bird Is driven to feed on things of more or less value to man, while in other regions where Its natural food abounds, it does absolute ly no barm. A good example of this kind Is the great horned owl. To the wholly beneficial class, the squirrel hawk or ferruginous rough leg and the four kites the white tailed kite, Mississippi kite, swallow tailed kite and everglade kite belong. The chiefly beneficial class contains majority of our bawks and owls, and Includes the following kinds: Marsh hawk, Harris hawk, red-tailed bawk, red-shouldered hawk, short-tailed bawk, Swalnson bawk, broad-winged bawk, Mexican black bawk, Mexican Copper Hawk (Chicken Hawk). Up per Figure, Adult Male; Lower Fig ur, Immature Female. goshawk, sparrow bawk, Audubon car acara, barn owl, long-eared owl, short eared owl, great gray owl, barrel owl. western owl, Richardson owl, Acadian owl, screech owl, flammulatcd screech owl, tnowy owl, bawk owl, burrowing owl, pygmy owl, ferruginous pygmy owl and elf owL The class In which the harmful and beneficial qualities balance Includes the golden eagle, bald eagle, pigeon bawk, Richardson bawk, Aplomado falcon, prairie falcon and great horned owl. The harmful class comprises tbe gyrfalcona, duck bawk, sbarp-shinned bawk. Cooper bawk and goshawk. The rough-legged hawk and the fer ruginous roughleg, or squirrel hawk, as It it sometimes called on account of Its fondnest for ground tquarrolt, so destructive In the West, are among our largest and most beneficial bawks Tbe former breeds wholly north of the United Statet, migrating aoutb In Sep tember and October and remaining un til the following April. The latter breeds extensively through the great plaint region. Tbe winter range of the roughleg Is determined more by tbe fall of snow than by the intensity of cold, the main body advancing and retreating as the barrier of snow melts or accumulates. Meadow mice and lemmings form the staple food of tbls bird. Lemmings do not reach our territory, except in Alaska, but In the north of Europe they occasionally form Into vast, migrating, devastating hordes, which carry destruction to crops In the country Invaded. The vole, or meadow mouse, Is common In many parts of this country, and east of the Mississippi river, wlthput doubt Is the most destructive mammal to agriculture. It destroys meadows by tunneling under them and eating the roots of grass. This mouse also de stroys grain and various kinds ot eg- etables, especially tubers, but proba bly does even more damage by gird ling young fruit trees. , The roughleg la one ot man's most Important allies against meadow mice, feeding on little else during Its six months' sojourn In tbe United States, It thus renders Important service In checking the ravages of these small but formidable pests. The roughleg It somewhat crepuscular In bablts, be ing on the alert during twilight and early dawn, when small mammals are most active. Other mice, rabbits and ground squirrels are eaten occasion' ally, and some of the older writers state that waterfowl are captured by tnu bird, but there is no known In stance of its attacking birds. Stom achs of specimens shot In locations teeming with waterfowl contained nothing but the remains of meadow mice. Tbe ferruginous roughleg is as fully beneficial as Its relative, though the character of its food differs some what. In many parts of the country Inhabited by it, meadow mice, which Play such an Important part in the economy of the other bird, are scarce or wanting, but are replaced by near ly as destructive rodents, the ground squirrels. Upon these tbls large and 8hrp-8hlnned Hawk The Enemy of small Birds and Chickens Upper Figure, Immature Female; Lower Figure, Adult Male. handsome bawk wages continuous war fare, and great Is the service It per forms In keeping their numbers in check. Rabbits, prairie dogs, and oc casionally pouched gophers are eaten. The marsh hawk la one of the most valuable on account of Its abundance. wide distribution and habits. It is more or less common throughout the United States, and may be easily rec ognized by Its white rump, slender form and long, narrow wings, as it beats untiringly over the meadows. marshes and prairie lands In search of food. It It were not that occasion ally it pounces upon small birds, game and poultry, Its place In the first class would be Insured, for It Is an Indefa tigable mouser. Rodents, such as meadow mice, rabbits, arboreal squir rels and ground squirrels, are Its fa vorlte quarry. In parts of tbe West tbe last-named animals form its chief subsistence. Lizards, snakes, frogs and birds also are taken. Abundant proof Is at hand to show that the red-tailed hawk greatly pre fers the smaller mammals, reptiles and batrachlana, taking little else when these can be obtained In sufficient numbers. If hard pressed by hunger, however, It will eat any form ot life and will not reject even offal and car rion; dead crows from about the roosts, poultry which has been thrown on tbe compost heap, and flesh from tbe carcasses ot goats, sheep, and the larger domesticated animals are eaten at auch times. The red-shouldered hawk, or, as it Is sometimes Incorrectly called, the hen bawk," Is common, and very val uable to the farmer. It Is more nearly omnivorous than most of our birds of prey, and Is known to feed on mice. birds, snakes, frogs, fish, grasshoppers. G.reat Horned Owl. centipedes, spiders, crawfish, earth' worms, and snails. About SO per cent of Its food consists of Injurious mam mals and Insects, and hardly 1 per cent of poultry and game. Danger In Mixing Salt. There Is risk In mixing salt In dry mash, at It It Impossible to distribute It evenly. It It Injurious to a fowl to eat too much of It The only safe way la to give It In wet mash. The proper way of mixing It to use about a table spoonful to a gallon of water. After allowing the salt to dissolve use the water for mixing tbe mash. Good Chicken Matlnga. Good matlnga are tlx to ten hens of the Aslatlo clasa (Drahmas, Coch ins, etc.) ; ten to fourteen of tbe Amer ican clast (Plymouth Rocks, Wyan dottet, etc.), and fourteen to twenty of the Mediterranean clasa (Leghorns, Mlnorcas, etc.). PLACE I4QNEY- Aoom f Pictures ftSp CD. ApwF Rhodes!; 8YNOPSI8. Eleanor de Toscana wu tinging In Parla, which, perhaps, accounted for Ed ward Courtlandt'a appearance there. Mul timillionaire, he wandered about where fancy dictated. He might be In I'arls one day and Kamchatka the next. Following the opera he goea to a cafe and la ac costed by a pretty young woman. She gave him the addreaa of Flora Dealmone, vocal rival of Toacana, and Flora gives him the address of Kleanora, whom ne Is determined to see. Courtlandt enters Eleanora's apartments. She orders him out and shoots at him. The next d.iy Paris Is shocked by the mysterious dis appearance of the prima donna. Realizing that he may be suspected of the abduc tion of Kleanora Courtlandt arranges for an alibi. Kleanora reappears and accuses Courtlandt of having abducted her. Ills alibi is satisfactory to the police and the charge Is dismissed. Kleanora llees to Lke Como to rest after the shock. Shs Is followed by a number of her admirers, among them the prince who really pro cured her abduction. Courtlandt also goes to Como and there meets Jlmmle H arti san, retired prizefighter and father of El eanora, whose real name Is Nora Harrl gan. Harrlgan takes Courtlandt Into his favor at once, lie Introduces Courtlandt to his daughter, but the latter gives no sign of ever having met him before. She atudlously avoids him. Nora's confessor cents a mystery Involving Nora and Courtlandt He takes a strong fancy to the young man. Nora's suitors become nor and more persistent CHAPTER X Continued. "Abbey, I wouldn't climb those stairs for a bottle of Horace's Falernlan, served on Seneca's famous citron table." "Not a friend In tbe world," Abbott lamented. Laughingly they bustled him Into the hallway and fled. Then Courtlandt went bis way alone. Harrlgan was In a happy temper. He kissed his wife and chucked Nora un der the chin. And then Mrs. Harrl gan launched the thunderbolt which, having been held on the leash for several hours, had, tor all ot that, lost none of Its ability to blight and scorch. "James, you are about as hopeless a man aa ever was born. Ton all but disgraced us this afternoon." "Mother!" "Mer cried the bewildered Harrlgan. "Look at those tennis shoes; one white string and one brown one. It's enough to drive a woman mad. What In heaven's name made you come?" Perhaps it was the after effect ot a good dinner, that dwindling away of pleasant emotions; perhaps it was the very triviality of the offense for which he was thus suddenly arraigned; at any rate, he lost his temper, and be waa rather formidable when that oc curred, "Damn It, Molly, I wasn't going, but Courtlandt asked me to go with him, and I never thought of my shoes. You are always finding fault with me these days. I don't drink, I don't gamble, I don't run around after other women; I never did. But since you've got this social bug In your bonnet, you keep me on hooks all tbe while. Nobobdy noticed the shoe strings; and they would have looked upon It aa a Joke If they had. After all, I'm the boss of this ranch. It I want to wear a white string and a black one, I'll do It Here!" He caught up a book on social usages and threw It out of the window. "Don't ever shove a thing like that under my nose again. If you do, I'U hike back to little old New York and start tbe gym again." He rammed one of the colonel's per fectos (which he bad been saving for the morrow) between bis teeth, and stalked Into the garden. Nora was heartless enough to laugh. "He hasn't talked like that to me In years!" Mrs. Harrlgan did not know what to do follow him or weep. She took the middle course, and went to bed. Nora turned out the lights and sat out on the little balcony. The moon shine was glorious. So dense was the earth blackness that the few lights twinkling here and there were more ltke fallen stare. Presently she beard a sound. It was her father, returning as silently as he could. She beard him fumble among tbe knlckknacks on the mantel, and then go away again. By and by she saw a spot of white light move hither and thither among tbe grape arbors. For five or six minutes shs watched It dance. Suddenly all became dark again. "Nora, are you there?" "Yes. Over here on the balcony. What were you doing down there?" "Oh, Nora, I'm sorry I lost my tem per. But Molly's begun to nag me lately, and I can't stand It. I went after that book. Did you throw some flowers out of tbs window?" "Yet." "A bunch of daisies T" "Marguerites," she corrected. "All the same to me. I picked up the bunch, and look at what 1 found Inside." He extended his palm, flooding It with the light of bis pocket lamp. Nora's heart tightened. What she saw was a bsautiful uncut emerald. CHAPTER XI. A Comedy With Muslo. The Harrlgans occupied the suite In the east wing of the villa. This consisted of a large drawing room and two ample bedchambers, with window balconies and a private veranda in the rear, looking off toward the green of the pines and the metal-like luster of the coDDer beeches It was raining, a fine, soft, blurring i Alpine rain, and a blue-gray monotone prevailed upon the face of the waters and defied all save the keenest scru tiny to discern where the mountain tops ended and the sky began. It was a day for Indoors, for dreams, good 1 books, and good fellows. Here they all were. Mrs. Harrlgan was deep In the Intricate maze of the Amelia Ars of Bologna, which, as the initiated know, is a wonderful lace. By one of the windows sat Nora, winding interminable yards of lace hemming from off the willing If aching digits ot the Barone, who was speculating as to what his Neapolitan club friends would say could they see, by some trick of crystal gazing, his present oc cupation. Celeste was at the piano, playing (planlBslmo) snatches from the operas, while Abbott looked on, his elbows propped upon his knees, his chin in his palms, and a quality ot ecstatlo content In bis eyes. "Play tbe fourth ballade." urged Abbott As Celeste began the andante, Nora signified to the Barone to drop bis work. She let her own bands fall. Harrlgan gently closed his book, for tn that rough kindly soul of his lay a mighty love of music. He himself was without expression ot any sort,, and somehow music seemed to stir the dim and not quite understandable longing for utterance. Mrs. Harrlgan alone went on with her work; she could work and listen at the same time. After the magnificent finale, nothlug in tbe room stirred but her needle. "Bravo!" cried tbe Barone, breaking the spell. "You never played that better," declared Nora. "That's some!" Harrlgan beat hit hands together thunderously. "Great stuff; eh, Barone?" The Barone raised his hands as If to express bis utter Inability to des cribe his sensations. His elation was that ascribed to those fortunate mor tals whom the gods lifted to Olympus. At his feet lay the lace hemming, hope lessly snarled. "Father, father!" remonstrated Nora; "you will wake up all the old ladles who are having their siesta." "Bah! I'll bet a doughnut their ears are glued to their doors. What ho! Somebody's at the portcullis. Probably the padre, come up for tea." He waa at the door Instantly. He flung It open heartily. It waa char acteristic of the man to open every thing widely, his heart, bis mind, his hate or bis affection. "Come In, come int Just In time for tbe matinee concert" The padre waa not alone. Court landt followed him In. "We have been standing In the cor ridor for ten minutes," affirmed the padre, tending a winning smile around the room. "Mr. Courtlandt waa for going down to the bureau and sending up our cards. But I would not bear of such formality. I am a privileged person." "Sure yes! Molly, ring for tea, and tell 'em to make It hot How about a little peg, as tbe colonel tayt?" Tbe two men declined. How easily and nonchalantly the man stood there by the door as Harrl gan took hla hat! Celeste was aqulver with excitement She wat thoroughly a woman; the wanted something to happen, dramatically, romantically. But her want wat a vain one. Nora bated scenes, and Courtlandt bad the advantage of ber In his knowledge ot this. Celeste remained at tbe piano, but Nora turned as If to move away. "No, you must ting. That It what I came up for," Insisted the padre. If there wat any malice In the church man, It wat of a negative quality. But It wat in hit Latin blood that drama should appeal to blm Strongly, and here wat an unusual phase In The Ureat Play. He had urged Courtlandt, much against the latter't will tblt day, to come up with him, simply that he might tet a little scene tucb at tblt promised to be and study It from the vantage of the prompter. Ho knew that tbe principal theme of all great books, of all great dramas, was antag onism, antagonism between man and woman, though by a thousand other names hat It been called. He bad often tald, In a spirit of raillery, that this antagonism was principally due to tbe fact that Eve had been con structed (and very well) out of a rib from Adam. Naturally she resented this, that she had not been fashioned Independently, and would hold It against man until the true secret of the parable was made clear to her. Nora saw that opposition would be useless. After all. It would be better to alng. She would not be compelled to look at thla man ahe so despised. At tbe beginning she had Intended to sing badly; but as the music proceeded, she sang as she bad not sung In weeks. To fill this man's soul with a hunger for the sound of her voice, to pour Into bis heart a fresh knowledge of what be had lost forever and forever! Celeste turned from the keys after tbe final chords of "Morning Mood." "Thank you!" tald Nora. "Do not atop," begged Courtlandt Nora looked directly Into bit eyes at the replied: "One's voice can not go on forever, and mine la not at ail strong." There was a knock at the door. Tbe managing director handed Harrlgan a card. "Herr Rosen," he read aloud. "Send him up. Some friend ot yours, Nora; Herr Rosen. I told Mr. J 1111 to send him up." Tbe padre drew his feet under his cassock, a sign of perturbation; Court landt continued to unwind the snarl of lace dropped by the Barone; the Barone glanced fiercely at Nora, who smiled enigmatically. Herr Rosen! There was no out. ward reason why the name should have set a chill on them all, turned them Into expectant statues. Yet, all semblance of good fellowship was in stantly gone. . Mrs. Harrlgan smoothed out the wrinkles in her dress. From the oth ers there had been little movement and no sound to speak of. Harrlgan sun waited by the door, seriously con templating the bit of pasteboard In his hand. Herr Rosen brushed past Harrlgan unceremoniously, without pausing and went atralgbt over to -Nora, who was thereupon seized by an uncontrollable spirit of devilment. She hated Herr Rosen, but she was going to be as Pleasant and as engaging as she knew how to be. She did not care If be misinterpreted her mood. She wel comed blm with a hand. He went on to Mrs. Harrlgan. who colored pleas urably. He was then Introduced, and he acknowledged each Introduction with a careless nod. He was there to see Nora, and be did not propose to put himself to any Inconvenience on account of the others. Herr Rosen Instantly usurped the chair next to Nora, who began to pour tbe tea. He bad come up from the village prepared for a disagreeable half hour. Instead ot being greeted with Icy glances from stormy eyes, he encountered such smiles as this adorable creature had never before be stowed upon him. He was In the clouds. That night at Cadenabbla had apparently knocked the bottom out of his dream. Women were riddles which only they themselves could solve for others. For this one woman he was perfectly ready to throw every thing aside. A man lived but once; and he was a fool who would hold to tinsel In preference to tuch happiness as be thought he saw opening out be fore blm. Nora saw, but she did not care. That In order to reach another she was practising infinite cruelty on this man (whose one fault lay in that be loved ber) did not appeal to her pity. But ber arrow flew wide ot the target; at least there appeared no re sult to her archery In malice. Not once had the Intended victim looked over to where she sat And yet she knew that he must be watching; be could not possibly avoid It and be hu man. And when he finally came for ward to take bis cup, ahe leaned to ward Herr Rosen. "You take two lumps?" she asked weetly. It wat only a chance shot. but the hit on the truth. "And you remember?" excitedly. "One lump for mine, please," tald Courtlandt, smiling. She picked up a cube of sugar and dropped It Into bit cup. Shs bad the air ot one wishing It were poison. Tbe recipient of tblt good will, with per fect understanding, returned to tbe divan, where the padre and Harrlgan were gravely toasting each other with benedlctine. Nora made no mistake with either Abbott's cup or tbe Barone't; but the two men were filled with but one d sire, to throw Herr Rosen out of the window. What had begun as a beau tiful day waa now becoming black and uncertain. Tbe Barone could control every fea ture save bis eyes, and these openly admitted deep anger. He recollected Herr Rosen well enough. Tbe en counter over at Cadenabbla was not the first by many. Herr Rosenl Hit presence In tbti room under that name wat an Insult, and he Intended to call tbe Interloper to account the very first opportunity he found. Perhaps Celeste, titling aa quiet aa a mouse upon the piano stool, waa the only one who law these strange cur rents drifting dangerously about That her own heart ached miserably did not prevent her from observing things with all her usual keenness. Ah, Nora, Nora, who have everything to give and yet give nothing, w hy do you play so heartiest a game? Why hurt those who can no more help lovln ; you than the earth can help whirling around the calm dispassionate sun? Always they turn to you, while I, who have so much to give, am given nothing! She tet down her tea cup and began the aria from La Roheme. (TO tlK CONTINUED.) Odds Were Toe Great Walter McQueen, a person ot color, faced Justice Howard In the police court at Jackson, Tens., the charge against blm being assault and battery on the person of Lily Bells Hopper. In addition to the battered complainant three of her friends ap peared as witnesses against him. The clerk read the warrant beginning: "City of Jackson, Tenn., against Wal ter McQueen" and so on. Tbe pris oner scratched bis head, meantime contemplating the glowering faces ol the chief witnesses for the prosecu tion. "Please, sun, read dat fust part over agin to me," be requested. "City ot Jackson, Tenn., against Walter McQueen," obliged tbe clerk. "Well, Jedge," aald Walter, "ef de whole city of Jackson an' dese foah cullid ladlea Is organized aginst one nigger, whut chance has ha got? I's guilty!" Four Precepts. Pour tiraeenta tn Ilea he Ta t.Mw w . - - , . aw wv. off old customs; to shake off spirits m-aisposea; to meditata on youth; to do nothing agaluat one's genius.- 1 1 nawuiorua. T GET What the Staging of a Good Pho toplay Really Means. Actors Risk Their Lives to Secure the "Effects" Demanded Not Infre quently It Is Absolutely Their tast Appearance. Plunging overboard from a burning yacht which has been soaked with tur pentine and charged with dvnamlta: struggling on life rafts In a rough sea. racing an automobile over the edge of a dock diving with it and tnklna- a chance on getting out such things put realism into the movies, ulve thou sands their anticipated thrills and Eometlmes constitute the actor's last appearance, a writer In Popular Me- cnanics says. Kor often Just as real as the actual destruction nf a ahln la the fight for li(e portrayed before the ens. The staging of a nhotnnlnv uhlrh In. eluded the burning and sinking of a small craft and the battle of those aboard It to save themselves, recently was undertaken bv a nroilucer. With. out flames, explosions and the lost of tne vessel, the picture would lack re alism. Unless men foueht for their lives while the fire ate Its way to the dynamite which would hrenk tha hruit .midship, reality again would be sac- niiceu. when the picture was run on tbe screen It lacked none ot these qualities. Large quantities of turpen tine saturated the shin after It had been stripped of its Interior fittings. Explosives were placed aboard. It men nad to be fired, while thnsn who did the work took a chance. As flame and smoke shot mast high, the men jumped Into the sea. n nlfUo.l un by boats, and carried a safe distance away before the terrific bluBt tore the craft apart and sent it to the bottom. HAS WON HER HONORS EARLY Ethel Clayton, at Twenty-One, One of the Prime Favorites With Admlr ers of the Photoplays. Ethel Clayton Is one or the best known Eastern leading Indies. She piles her glorious Hilly llurke type of hair high on her head and, In regnl dinner gown and evening wrap, sweeps from her mansion to ber carriage. Or may be she Isn't sup posed to ever have seen a din ner gown, In which case she putt her lovely hnlr Into a pa thetic knot at the back of ber head, a cold-1 o o k I n g thawl about ber gingham shoul ders and goes Ethel Clayton. forth to tbe cor ner grocery store for five cents' worth of something to eat for the whole fam ily. All of this, of course, Is In tbe pictures. , Ethel Clayton was born In Cham paign, III., grew up In tbe backwoods of Missouri, was later sent to a con vent school In Chicago, and from there Hepped into a dramatic career. At eighteen she headed a stock company In Minneapolis, and now, at twenty ono. Is credited' with many stage and film honors and the ability to run ber own car. Films Race of African Dwarfs. James Barnes, naturalist and mov ing picture hunter with camera rather than gun, mho hat been camera-exploring In Africa, got back recently with Ji.000 feet of film. Mr. Barnet and his party traveled about 6, out) miles, traversing Africa from West to East Leaving the Jungle at the Congo, they went over the old trail of Htanlcy and Livingston, meeting old chief Lobo, one of the Stanley guides. With the camera they caught irouna of the Pigmy tribes of Du Challlu In tne country or the dwarfs." They found them a shy lot, and It took lev eral weeks for Mr. Barnes to get well enough acquainted with them to In duce them to puse for the moving pic ture!. Later some of the little fellnm-a becamo guides to the expedition. Biblical Films Barred. Prussia's highest court has mind that no biblical films can be shown In the country. The Berlin police presi dent had prohibited the production of a film which gave some scenes from the life snd suffering! of Christ The court sustained the action of the lice on the ground that the Christian religion Is a part of the public order which the police are bound tn nnhnM The court akto held that such a film grossly woundt the senslbllltlet of re ligious people, particularly in view of the fact that It Is liven alone with light and humorous productions. Studio Reproduced, In the furthcoming nrnduetlnn an. titled "The City Beautiful," a comedy drama, a stage scene In a motion ni. ture atudlo Is reproduced. The acene depicts a green country boy who strays Into a studto and walks on the etaje In the midst ot great activity. Players, property men, carpenters, eta, are aeon engaged In their various vo cations. The entire staff of two mov Ing picture studios participated In thus; scene. II