Lincoln County leader., July 28, 1911, Image 2

TO MAKE GOOD CAKE
SOME RULES THAT SIMPLY MUST
BE OBSERVED.
Proper Temperature of Oven One of
the Most Important Points Dif
ferent Confections Require
Varying Degrees of Heat
First attention should be given to
the oven, making sure that the fire Is
not too hot. and will remain even un
til the baking is done. Unless you
have control of your fire do not at
tempt to bake cake.
Loaf cake requires less beat than
thin cakes. If the oven is too hot at
first or is suddenly cooled while the
cake Is baking the cake will be heavy.
Loaf cake should bake as long again
as thin cake. Divide the time of bak
ing Into quarters. The first quarter
should show a rising, with the edges
higher than the center; the second a
continued even rising, with a slight
brown tint; the third a deeper brown,
and the last a shrinking and settling.
If your cake rises and cracks in the
center you are using too much flour;
when it browns before rising, the oven
is too hot.
How to Put Butter Cake Mixture
Together Cream the butter with
hand or a large spoon, add sugar and
cream again until very light. When
the proportion of butter is small it
may be put in with the eggs and
sugar. Beat the yolks until light yel
low, add to butter and sugar and beat
again. Add flavoring and then a lit
tle milk, then a little flour, a little
milk again, and so on until the milk
and flour are all used, and beat Vig
orously until your mixture is smooth.
Add lastly the beaten whites. Fruit
Ehould be added last, and fruit cake
mixtures should be a little stiffer with
flour.
Sponge Cake Mixtures Beat the
yolks until they are a light yellow and
creamy and slowly beat In the sugar.
Add flavoring and liquid and beat
again. Beat the whites until stiff and
fold it without beating. Add flour
lastly with as little stirring as pos
sible, as it makes the cake tough. Al
ways follow these directions and cake
failures will never be known.
Care of Metal Utensils.
Utensils must be kept polished. Foi
copper use soap applied with a damp
cloth, then sprinkle thickly with borax,
if you have no regular copper polish,
ened with kerosene, then rubbed with
ened with kerosene, then rubbed with
a paste of powdered chalk and lemon
juice, and polished with chamois.
Boll tin utensils occasionally In strong
soda water, and if rusted rub with
lard and let stand before washing.
Turpentine will remove tar from
any kind of fabric.
To remove Iron rust from white
goods moisten spot, cover with cream
of tartar, put in a basin of water,
simmer gently for an hour. Rinse and
dry.
To clean linoleum, place some fresh
skim milk In a basin, and with a clean
cloth dipped in the milk wipe over
the floor, and the linoleum will look
as good as new.
To effectually clean a dirty bottle,
half fill the bottle with slack coal, add
Just enough water to cover, and Bhake
vigorously. Then empty out, and
rinse In several waters.
Glass is an Ideal shelflng for a kitch
en closet, as it can be kept clean so
easily. If this Is too costly paint the
shelves white and give a coat of enam
el This is easily scrubbed, and does
away with the necessity of papers.
Sweep your carpets thoroughly to re
move all dust and dirt ' After an
hour slightly dampen a broom, and
again sweep over the whole surface.
In this way an old carpet will look
clean and freBh, however faded It may
be.
The walls of a kitchen quickly look
dingy and for this reason should be
painted or have a washable paper.
When gray with soot dust with a soft
brush covered with cheesecloth, then
wipe with a cloth wet in cold wa
ter. Hot water has a yellowish ef
fect An Expert In Pepper.
Fashion Is fickle In table service as
well as in other things. The dinner
table of today Is not what it was a
few years ago.
Odd little novelties for the table
have crept In recently. One of the
newest Is small cruet frames for each
guest, and of different kinds. Cayenne,
NepauL AJ1 (from Peru), Hungarian,
paprika and Chile powder are used so
that each guest may flavor his food
to his taste. The really up-to-date per
son nowadays pretends to be aa ex
pert In pepper.
gjpAn Around
NEW FLY-CATCHING DEVICE
Pests of Hot Weather Days Are
Sucked Into Traps and
Afterward Killed.
The limit of uses to which a
vacuum apparatus may be put seems
to be boundless. Here Is a plan by
which It catches flies. A pipe leading
from the vacuum tank Is suspended
across the room horizontally with a
series of funnels depending from It
One funnel can be hung over a table,
for instance, and another over the
window sill. As the flies enter the
window those that come close to the
funnel are sucked up into the pipe
above. For those that escape a bait
of bread and molasses Is set on the
table below the mouth of the second
funnel. When the insects make for
this feast they are whirled up into
the opening above as soon as they
come within the radius of suction.
Valves at the top of the funnels close
down when the vacuum motor is shut
oft and the traps can be removed and
Immersed In scalding water to kill
the captives.
PROPER WAY TO SWEEP ROOM
Dusting Sheets "re Essential, Also a
Costume That Is Suited
to the Occasion.
In the first tilace. suddIv voiiri;
with sweeping sheets, "rny times the
soiled sheets from the bed are used
for this purpose, but that Is not ex
actly a clean method. If you do not
have them already, buv the coarse.
unbleached cotton cloth, double width,
and bind with TurKy red. Make the
sheets big enough to cover the largest
piece of furniture y u wisL to protect
lhe nxt thine is to dress nronerlv
for thr work. H-ve a cotton frock
which fits easily In the waist and
sleeves so that your arms may move
unhampered; easy shoes, a sweeping
cap and a pair of loose, old gloves.
Carry from the room all small objects
which you cannot lay on couches or
chairs that can be covered. Dust them
before you lay them aside. Then
move out or the room all small furni
ture which can be taken from the
room easily, dusting it carefully also.
Now cover with th9 dusting sheets all
the remaining pieces of furniture, us
ing the smaller sheetb for the pic
tures. Remove rugs and the .ike.
Have ready the damp tea leaves or
shreds of paper, fo.- it is not wise to
do dry sweeping. The dus will fly,
no matter what you may do. The
damp tea leaves prevent it flying
about and settll.ig down again In the
crevices and corners. Sweep from the
corners toward iro center of the
room.
Lentil Salad.
Take some boiled lentils and let
thf-m get quite cool. Drain tfiem with
care and mix them with about a fourth
of their weight of cooked onions or
celery or the two mixed. A pile should
Then be made In the middle of a dish
and some chopped beet root be put
around it Pour some salad dressing
over and serve.
Molasses Cookies.
Two and one-haif cups sugar; two
cups molasses, one tablespoon ginger
one tablespoon cloves, one tablespoon
cinnamon. Let this come to a boil.
When cool stir in four eggs and one
tablespoon soda, and flour enough to
roll out next day. Moderate oven.
Salt Will Help.
A varnished floor can be cleaneo
more easily If sprinkled with coarse
salt, which is allowed to stand for a
few minutes, then brushed off with a
soft broom.
Cream Sponge Cake.
Two eggs, well beaten, then put In
to a cup and fill with sweet cream.
Very rich milk will do. Pour into mix
ing bowl, add 1 cup of sugar, lft cups
of flour, 1 teaspoon baking powder
and a pinch of salt Beat well. Bake
In moderate oven.
Harrison Cake.
Two eggs, one cup sugar, one cvp
molasses, one-half cup milk, one-half
cup butter, one teaspoon soda, all
kinds of spice, two and one-ball cups
flour.
PAN FOR CLEANING SILVER
Tableware v Is Quickly Brightened
When Soaked In Solution
Labor Also Eliminated.
Every housekeeper knows , how
much work is entailed in keeping sil
ver clean: Furthermore, that this
work must be done frequently, as the
ware tarnishes even when 6tored
away. A device has been invented by
which the cleaning can be done In a
fraction of the time heretofore re
quired and without any scouring with
powders or pastes. A metal pan, with
a grating Just above the bottom. Is
partly filled with a solution of warm
water and a tablespoonful 'each of
common salt and baking soda. The
pan is made of a material which will
not corrode from the action of these
substances in the water, but this
same action will remove the tarnish
from silver in a few minutes. The
tableware is placed on the grating in
the pan and allowed to remain there
for from one to two minutes, if warm
water is used, and from five to ten
minutes If the water is cold. It is
then removed and wiped dry, leaving
it as bright as new.
OLD NEW ENGLAND DELICACY
Apple Slump Healthful and Appetiz
ing, Particularly During the
Months of Summer.
Pare, core and quarter one dozen
cooking apples, pour over them one
cupful of boiling water and put where
they will begin to cook. Five min
utes later add to the apples one and
a half cupfuls of molasses and cook
for IS minutes more, while you pre
pare a soft biscuit dough, using two
cupfuls of flour, one heaping teaspoon
ful of sugar, two level teaspoonfuls of
baking powder, and one teaspoonful
of butter, rubbed finely into the flour,
and milk to stir to a dough that Is too
soft to roll Put this over the ap
ples, which should be tender, but not
broken, cover the saucepan closely and
cook 30 minutes without lifting the cov
er. Serve with a hot sauce, made by
heating to a cream half a cupful of
butter and one cupful of sugar, stir
ring in just before using one cupful
of boiling milk and a seasoning of
grated nutmeg.
Cucumber Soap.
Buy two and one-half pounds of
mutton fat in the leaf and try It out,
and Bave the rest. I get the cucum
be Juice by running cucumbers
through food chopper and straining:
One can of potash, dlsolved in one
quart of water, let It get cold, one pint
of cucumber juice, one-half cup of
borax, ten cents' worth oil of sassa
fras, one tablespoon of sugar to make
It lather, six pounds of grease, melt
your grease and when it is lukewarm
turn the liquids (all together) in a
thin stream into the grease, stirring
all the time, until all is together, then
stir 15 or 20 minutes until it is pretty
thick. Pour it into a pan and let
harden, cutting it In squares before
It gets hard. Exchange. .
Strawberry Tartlets.
Line buttered gem pans with rounds
of pastry, thensflll them with rice and
bake thoroughly; when baked pour
out the rice and remove the pans and
half-fill with the following mixture:
Scald one cupful of milk, sift in four
tablespoonfuls of sugar, one-third cup
ful of flour, and half a teaspoonful of
salt; let cook for 20 minutes, stirring
occasionally, then add the beaten
yolks of three eggs and fold in the
stiffly beaten whites of the eggs; add
one teaspoonful of strawberry extract
and use.
Care of House Plants.
To give a house fern a good shape,
turn each new sprout toward the
light until it is well up and begins to
bend in the right direction. The re
sult will be a beautifully-rounded
plant
For Scorched Articles.
For scorched articles use peroxide.
Wet two cloths; place one beneath
and one on top and watch the space
become clear In fifteen or twenty min
utes. Let stand this long without disturbing.
HISTORY AND SYMPTOMS OF
DESTRUCTIVE SHEEP SCAB
One of Oldest Diseases of Animal, But Cause Not Discovered
Until Middle of Nineteenth Century Proper Treat
ment Will Destroy Mite and Renew
Growth of Wool-:Dlpplnsr Is ,
Highly Recommended. ' '
(By EDWIN S. GOOD.)
Historically, sheep scab is one of
the oldest diseases of sheep, but Its
cause was not discovered until about
the middle of the nineteenth century
(1835), when the agent producing the
disease was found to be a very small
mite. This mite is light gray in color
and the female is one-fortieth and the
male one-sixtieth of an inch in length.
In general appearance the mite re.
sembles a tiny spider. It has four
pairs of legs, the last being very
small, and the third pair having long
thread-like appendages which are
longer in the female than in the male.
The mite crawls very slowly, showing
that its power of locomotion Is weak.
A female will lay from ten to twenty
eggs during her lifetime. These eggs
are so small that they cannot be dis
tinguished with the naked eye. The
period of Incubation Is from four to
ten days, depending mainly upon tem
perature. Gerlach. a noted authoritv
estimates the descendants of a single
female to be 1,000,000 females and
500,000 males at the end of 90 days.
He estimates the average number of
eggs from a single female to be 15,
ten of which hatch females and five
males, and allows 15 days for each
generation.
The first symptom that " attracts
one's attention to the affected animal
is its rubbing certain parts of Its back,
sides or tail against some object or
biting at these parts, as the bites of
jrif 1
the mite cause Intense Itchine. The
irritation is much more noticeable
when the sheep are warmed up by
driving than when they remain qulot.
Infection generally begins on some
portion of the side or back, and Is
usually confined to these parts of the
body.
The Infected spot first consists of
a moist, yellowish, dandrufT-llke sub
stance, often no larger than a nln.
head, and unless careful examination
De made, may easily escape detection.
If this place Is scratched, the sheep
will respond by a nlbbllnit-llke mix
tion of the mouth. Large patches are
formed either by small Infected spots
located on different parts of the bark
growing and uniting, or by the gradual
enlargement of a single soot In nh-
tainlng their food, the parasites In
these patches Irritate the 6kin of the
Bheep to such an extent as to cause
the secretion of a large amount of
serum which, in dryine. first takes
on the form of dandruff, and upon
extended irritation the dandruff Is re
Female Scab Mite.
BELGIAN HORSE IS POWERFUL
An Antwerp correspondent of the
Kansas City Star sends a photo
graph of a pair of the great Belgian
horses that do the work on the docks
of the rapidly growing Flemish port
An extract from the letter follows:
"These Belgian borses are In blood
the same as some, that are often ex
ported from the lowlands to the
prairies of Kansas. The pair shown
In the Illustration Is typlc-i of thou
sands In use every day on the great
wharves here. Each of theso can
easily draw two and one-half tons and
they are as gentle as kittens. The
driver he's more of a companion
than a master controls them by
means of one little cord, hardly as
placed by thick scabs. Where the
scabs first form, the wool seems to be
more firmly attached to the skin than
before infection, and stands out In
tufts, giving the fleece an uneven
appearance. In time, however, being
deprived of nutrition, the wool loose s
and drops from the skin; the sheep
loses flesh and presents, on the whole,
a very uncanny appearance; and
eventually, if untreated, dies. Proper
treatment will, however, destroy the
scab mite and renew the growth of
the wool.
Dipping in a reliable dip is the
proper treatment for sheep afflicted
with the scab.
The federal government has done
a great work in reducing the number
of scabby sheep in this country, but in
spite of its efforts there are plenty of
them in the United States today, a
condition of affairs not to be won
dered at when we consider the gigan
tic task of stamping out such a com
municable disease in as large a coun
try as ours. There are Btates, bow
ever, where no scab exists, the farm
ers and the state authorities having
aided the federal to eradicate It.
Culture of Currants.
For varieties the President Wilder
is probably the best liked as It clings
to the bushes the longest. The Cher
ry, Fay's Prolific and Perfection are
also very good varieties. The soil for
currants should be very well prepared
and enriched. Practice deep plowing
before planting the currants and then
put them 6x4 feet. Practice shallow
cultivation and mulch if need be. Put
in a cover crop the first of July such
as buckwheat. This can be cultivated
into the soil In the spring, thus keep
ing up the amount of humus in the
soil. As one and two year old wood
produces the best crops, care should
be taken to see that no wood 1b over
two years old. Prune out old wood as
soon as berries are picked out
Big Missouri Fruit Yield.
The orchard of C. R. Woodson, con
sisting of 260 acres near Agency, Mo.,
last year produced 60 car loads of
marketable apples, netting nearly
$20,000. -The trees were sprayed sev
eral times during the season by gov
ernment experts sent from Washing
ton to make experiments.
I Value of Cherries.
Cherries pay well in this section on
our gravelly soil and hilly lands. We
set trees on land which has been well
manured two or three years for corn.
We have crops in the orchard for two
or three years, then let the trees have
the land.
Bells on Turkeys.
Turkey breeders who have been
troubled by their charges straying are
recommended by the London Agricul
tural Gazette to put a bell on a few
of the leaders, old hens by preference.
heavy as your mother's clothes line.
The trucks look like small flat cars.
He treats them like the good chil
dren they are to him. At noon the
wife comes down to the docks with
lunch, and she and the husband sit
on the truck and eat, while ihe horses
are having their own food. And
strangest, each horse Is given, in ad
dition to grain and hay, a great long
loaf of bread. The driver holds it as
the horse bites it off In hunks They
seem to enjoy It Juft as we enjoy
our dessert
"They don't need a Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals here
at least, not so far as borses are
concerned."