LINCOLN CQUHTY LEADER
R COLLINS, CdHr
r N HAYDEN. Mmiw
Toledo Oregon
In the midst of life we are In debt.
The more l man doesn't know the
less he doubts.
Many a wise-looking man Is unable to
deliver the goods.
A pretty woman's smile often wrin
kles a man's purse.
The experience a man buys Is always
delivered a little too late. .
When a sailor falls overboard he
feels as If he were all In.
Go to a tailor for a wedding suit and
to a lawyer for a divorce suit
Some men get out of practice because
they spend all their time preaching.
A woman never asks a man if he
loves her unless she is sure of the answer.
Did you ever meet a successful man
who told you what he was going to do
next?
Almost every dny the average man
wonders why he did such a foolish
thing.
This Is undoubtedly a dlrty-looklng
old world to the man who Is too lazy
to clean his spectacles.
Rev. Billy Sunday says hell Is full of
fudge-eating mollycoddles. What a
sticky place It must be.
If you would have a peaceful home,
all you have to do is to pay the freight
and let your wife run It.
Once in a great while a woman actu
ally believes that her husband knows
as much as he thinks he knows.
Elinor Glyn thinks Mark Twain is
our greatest man. Mark gallantly re
frains from saying- what he thinks of
Elluor.
A 'bitter contest over the will of Wll
llnm B. Leeds is predicted. Fifteen
million dollars ought to keep the law
yers going a long time.
A Michigan farmer has cured a snake
bite with eonl oil. We hope he Is prop
erly grateful to Mr. Rockefeller for the
tuct that he could buy the necessary oil.
A Paterson (N. J.) woman who pre
dicted that sha would die on June 14
Is still alive and in good health. Her
husband Is said to have become one of
Putersou's worst pessimists.
"Why shouldn't Prof. Bell succeed in
making monkeys talk .Intelligently?"
esks the Atlanta Constitution. Don't
know, unless it is because thnt is more
than he or any one else can do with a
good many men.
A magazine has offered President
Roosevelt $1 a word for his literary ef
forts, but no former has tried to hire
him to work In the hayfield for $1.75
a day. There ore times when even a
President's versatility is not appreciated.
It is probable that in 1912 nn entire
day will be set apart for the cheering,
and in 1910 it may be necessary for
each convention to dovote a week at
least to the purpose of beating all pre
vious records. We are a great people
and we do some wonderful things.
' Contracts for furnishing single and
double teams to the city of Boston were
recently awarded to a woman. Ilcr
bids, tendered in open competition with
men, were by far the lowest submit
ted, and she demonstrated her ability
to fullill the obligations. The award
was popular, for tlio uniformity of the
figures submitted by the men gave color
to the charge that on agreement hod
been made among them to maintain a
certain price. The woman made her
own llgures independently, and won.
It is the title thnt appeals to certnln
women. To be called a princess or a
countess, or even a baroness, they will
cast their all into a foreign venture.
The prince inny be a miserable rake,
the count not half so high as a Ken
tucky colonel and the bnron of abso
lutely no importance, and yet the glam
our catches the title-seeking female and
she turns over her money to a person"
who could not make $10 a week In hon
est work If his life depended uion it
But why bother? There will always bo
such women, and there will always be
such men so long as there is money to
be won in tho game of International
uiurrloge.
The conference of Governors to con
elder the preservation of the national
resources has already brought forth
fruit The Governors suggested that
the President appoint a national ov
servatlon committee to advise him and
to co-operate with similar bodies in
the States. ' Acting on this suggestion,
Mr. Roosevelt has reappointed his com
mission on Inland waterways, with
some new members to fill vacancies.
He has also constituted commissions on
forests, on lands and on minerals, and
an executive committee to harmonize
the work of all four bodies. Now we
may expect to see the growth of the
sentiment that the minerals, lands, for
ests and waters of the country are na
tional wealth, In the conservation of
which the whole nation has an in
terest whether they belong to private
citizens or not It is that sort of sen
timent which will be a guarantee
against want and barrenness In the dis
tant future.
- t
Leading physicians have declared at
international congresses on consumption
that really effective warfare on the
great white plague involves compulsorj
notification and registration laws or or
dinances. Much can be done, not a lit
tle has been done in the last two oi
three years, by education and "moral
suasion," but, after all, contend these
experts, the world must come to the
use of the same degree of compulsion
in its fight on tuberculosis that has
been found necessary In the handling of
other dreaded Infectious and communi
cable diseases. In other words, the
health authorities and the medical pro
fession must hove the courage of their
opinion nnd work for the adoption of
drastic measures of prevention. It is
significant that the New York Legis
lature has passed a bill which Gov
ernor Hughes hos signed embodying at
least the principle of compulsion. The
new act marks a step forward. It pro
vides that every physician In the State
shall report tfl the local authorities the
name, age, occupation, place of employ
ment and address of every person
known by him to have consumption. The
rejiort must be made within twenty
four hours, and the record is to be kept
secret In case of the vacation of any
premises by a person suffering from
consumption, or of the death of such u
patient, 'the physician in charge or the
owner or occupant ofthe premises must
notify the health board of the fact, and
the premises pre not to be occupied
again until they have been disinfected
and cleansed. In cose the orders of th
health board are disobeyed thnt body
may post a placard on the premises con
taining the following notice: "Tuber
culosis is a communicable disease.
These apartments have been occupied
by a consumptive and may be infected.
They must not be occtipled until the or
der of the health officer directing their
disinfection or renovation has been com
piled with. This notice muBt not be
removed under the penalty of the law
except by the health officer or others
duly authorized." There are other pro
visions in the act for the prevention of
Infection through careless habits, noti
fication of the recovery of iersons, etc.
A certain amount of discretion Is
lodged in the health officers, but none
in those whose duty It is mnde to re
port cases of tulwreulosls In nny stage.
Considerable difficulty Is apprehended
In the enforcement of the act, and there
are those who fear that some sufferers
will hesltnte to consult a physician and
bo "reported," lest the secrecy of the
records be vlolnted in some wny. Ex
perience should throw light on such
questions ns these. , Meantime an edu
cational campaign will doubtless be
necessary to remove opposition to the
compulsory notification feature among
the more ignorant elements of the population.
Three hundred years ago Samuel de Champlaln, the
French explorer, founded the settlement of Quebec. In
commemoration of Its tercentenary the city of Quebec
recently had the greatest celebration In Its history, and
one of the greatest ever held In the New World. The
City gave Itself up to festivities for ten days, and Ca
nadians of both British and French ancestry Joined lu
making the event one to be remembered. The celebration
was attended by the Prince of Wales, by representatives
from all the principal governments and by the greatest
collection of warships, comprising English, French and
American vessels that ever gathered in the St Lawrence
river. The UDited States was represented by Vice Pres
ident Fairbanks and Rear Adlniral W. S. Cowles, brother-in-law
of the President ,
Civil, religious, military and naval authorities par
ticipated In the various ceremonies and festivities. There
were huge and costly pageants, fetes, military parades
and naval reviews to charm both eye and ear. The cele
bration was attended by Dearly all Canada, and thou
sands of expatriated Canadians gathered from the va
rious foreign countries In which they have made their
homes. Tho lending of Champlaln on the shore of the
St. Lawrence and bis selection of the spot on which Que
bec, the oldest French settlement in Canada, is built, were
reproduced. A great historical pageant was given, illumi
nated floats representing different events in the history
of Quebec. There were parades In which the various
crack Canadian regiments took part Premier Laurier
and other noted speakers made addresses. There was a
review of the English, French and United States vessels
In the St Lawrence river. Thanksgiving mass was held
on the Plains of Abraham by the Catholics of the city,
headed by the Canadlun primate, and thanksgiving serv
ices were held In the Episcopal cathedral. There was a
great shore parade and a scene enacted representing tho
landing of Wolfe's force, the ascent np the heights and
the battle of the Plains of Abraham. Then farewells
were exchanged and the British squadron took its depar
ture. The next day the French vessels followed suit, and
finally the New Hampshire heaved anchor and bade fare
well to Quebec.
Evolution of
the Street Car
Three hundred years ago an English
coal miner laid some wooden beams In
the muddy road leading from his col-
, liery, for the wheels of his coal carts
I to run on ; the other day a coal mine
! owner from the some country boarded
I an electric car in New York and made
i a tour of the subway. The boards in
j the muddy road were the ancestors of
; that street car, writes B. R. Wilson.
The little expedient of the English
miner, which made heavy hauling light
marked the beginning of the "tram
way," the great-grandfather of the
railway, the thing which made street
cars possible. These wooden beams
served their purpose very well until
they began to wear out. Inventive
genius was. equal to the occasion ; the
wooden1 beams were plated with Iron.
Thin iron bands were fastened to the
top of the beam to take the wear of the
cart wheels. This was all right as fur
as the top was concerned, but the wood
en beams rotted on the bottom ; so they
made them out of Iron entirely and laid
them on short pieces of wood which
could be cheaply replaced when they
rotted. .To keep the wheels of the coal
carts from running off the rails was
the next problem, and they solved It
by putting flanges on the outer sides of
the rail. In 1789 William Jessop, the
father of the street railway, took the
flanges off the rails and put them on
the cart wheels and the real evolution
of the street car began.
A clumsy omnibus' car drawn uy
horses made trips over this railway,
carrying passengers. The car was a
big stage coach, or rather three stage
coaches in one, for there were three
compartments, each of which resem
bled a small stage coach, and It had
IN THE OLD DAYS THE PASSENGER WAS IN DANGER OF FALLING
OFF.
BUT NOW HE CAN HAUDLl' GET OFF WHEN HE WANTS TO.
attempts at improvement, for in Amer
ica, whatever Is a success must be Im
proved. ' . People wanted to go faster
than the one poor horse could pull the
car, and so many were satisfied to go
slow that the little car the one horse
pulled would not hold them all. They
made larger cars and hitched two
horses to them, but two horses could
not go any faster than one horse since
they had doubled the size of the car;
so Inventive genius kept the patent
office up nights exnminlng their claims
for Improvements in street railways.
On New Footing.
Absalom Foote, an eccentric old gen
tleman who had grown tired of life In
the city, decided to move to sojne small
er town, free from the road of trallle,
the bustle and confusion of the throng
ing multitude, where he could end his
days tranquilly, as became a man of
his age. In costing about for a loca
tion, his eye chanced to light upon the
advertisement In a village paper of one
Thomas R. Foote, who wanted to dis
pose of his boot ond shoe store nt o
bargain, having made up his mind to
remove to the city.
"That's the very thing," he said.
"Selling shoes Is a nice, eosy occupa
tion. It will give me Just enough to
do to keep me from stagnating, ond it
won't wear me out with overwork. I'll
Investigate It It's queer, though, that
his name is Foote, my name Is Foote,
he wants to come to the city and I want
to go to the country."
A visit to the little town decided him.
lie liked Its uppearauce and location.
He was pleased, moreover, with
"Foote's Shoe Store" and bought It,
good will and all, at a bargain.
"Well." sold the other Mr. Foote,
"you won't have to change the sign."
"No," he answered, slowly. "I'll Just
add a little to it."
The next day he added this, Just be
low the sign : "This place has changed
feet"
The something you get for nothing
Is seldom worth any more than that
Most people wouldn't believe a can
didate for office, under oath
PROPOSED NEW DOUBLE-DECKED "L" ROAD IN NEW YORK CITY.
the name "John Mason" painted above
lie center door.
About twenty years later the Sixth
avenue street ' railway was built and
the street car craze began. It really
amounted to a erase, for thirty street
car companies began business during
the next five years. During the ten
years from 1800 to 1S70 eighty-five
street railways were built The census
twenty yeors later showed 709 street
railways in operation. In two years
this number Increased to 987.
The street railway was a success,
therefore It was the object of various
The most popular of thefce Improve
ments were the "dummies," steam en
gines mounted on wheels and boxed up
to make them attractive. Their popu
larity was short-lived In the cities,
however, but suburbanites consented to
ride 'behind them long after they had
disappeared from the city streets. But
until Lieut Frank G. Sprague, U. S. N.
(resigned), built the first successful
electric railway In 1S8S, the "dummies"
were the only things the suburbanites
had to ride behind.
The Cable 9atem.
The gap between the "dummies" and
Sprague's electric railway, however,
was about twenty years wide, and it
was filled with numerous attempts to
help the eager passengers to hurry.
The first cable road was laid In San
Francisco In 1S73 by Andrew S. Halll
dle, Henry Root, Am E. Hoevy and
William Eppelsheimer. The originator
of the Idea, however, was E. S. Gar
diner, of Philadelphia, who suggested
the plan some time prior to the actual
building. '
The cable served its useful purposu
for eighteen years, when it was electri
fied by the motor car promoters; thnt
Is, electric conductor rails were strung
In the cable conduit and the wire rope
hauled out. The dynamo had been per
fected and electricity was a commer
cial motive power; therefore, the elec
tric street railway of 1888 was o suc
cess. Before that, attempts hod been
mnde to operate street cars by various
kinds of .magnetic engines. In 1835
Thomas Davenport, a blacksmith, built
a railway In Springfield, Mass., over
which he operated a car driven by nn
electric magnet motor, and twelve
years later Prof. Moses Farmer brought
out another electro-magnetic motor, but
they never passed beyond the experi
mental stnge.
The real beginning of the American
electric street railway system was the
Union Passenger Railway of Richmond,
Va., equipped by Lieut Sprague and
opened for service on the first day of
February, 1888. It. was a "troller" line
"trolley" Is the word in use now. City
offlcals soon saw -the danger of over
head wires In the crowded city, and their
precautions led to the underground sys
tem, a system that Is familiar to all,
for examples good and bad are on con
stant exhibition In the streets of our
cities and even in the towns that are
Just growing Into cities. t
A Chance to Make Good,
"Got any babies around your place?"
Inquired the candidate.
"Nope," answered the farmer. "Ba
bies Is all growed up an' married off
How'd yon like, to put In tho forenoon
plowin'?" Pittsburg Post
People are never content for the
same reason that a sheep never has
feather