Budding Frnll Trees.
It Is sometimes desirable to bud or
chard trees at a time wben cleft graft
ing can not be done. The work can be
done In lute August, September and
mly October. Tbe purpose of budding
trees Is very much tbe same as that
of iri'Hltlng. Tbe apple, plum and rose
bush particularly, may be operated up
on to advantage and with good results.
The work of budding cun be done by
n sharp, round-pointed knife and a
piece of ynrn. Usually the best results
follow by selecting a place where tbe
brunch Is from to Inch In diame
ter, and where the bark Is smooth and
I'eulthy. With the rounded part of
the knife cut lengthwise of the branch,
Jiint through the bark, a slit about 1
Inches long, and at the top of this
fclit cut across about Inch, as shown
at n. Next remove from a branch
of the same season's growth of the de
Fired variety one of the strong, healthy
THE STEPS IN BU0DIN0.
buds by cutting from below the bud up
and under It. Start -about. 1 Inch be
low the bud and come out again 1 Inch
above the bud, as at b. Cut deep
enough Into the wood so as not to In
jure the bud, and cut It so as not "to
l.ave too much wood under the bud.
Then place the' bud, c, on the end of
the knife and push down into the slit,
lis above 'described. Push securely In
place, so that the bud Is about 1 Inch
below the upper cut. Theu wrap care
fully with yarn, as at d. In two or
three weeks examine and see If the bud
bus grown fast and so that the yarn
i not Injuring it. Should the yarn
bo loose, retie. The bud should start
to grow the following spring.
Success largely depends upon wheth
er the stock is growing vigprously or
nhether the bud Is healthy. The bud
serves the same purpose as the scion
in grafting. From It springs a limb
width will produce the kind of fruit
borne by the tree from which the bud
was tnken. W. II. Underwood, In
Furm and Home.
Protect the Bird.
The farmer Is liable to forget his
bird friends. I wish to tell some
of my farmer friends what I have done
this spring, in regard to our qunils.
When our ossessor come around I
gave In Borne quails, as well as do
mestic fowls for taxation, as I knew
about how many we had on our farm
when winter was over. Some will siy
that you could not tell how many
birds you have, because they will be
en your farm one day, nnd on yoar
relghbor's the next. While that Is
true, do not our domestic fowls go
over on our neighbor's place, also,
If you give them opportunity to do
bo? Which most people do that 1
know of. But do they not come back
home every evening to roost? It Is
the same with the quail, and he will
roost on the farm where he was bred
and hatched, providing he Is unmolest
ed by hunters, hawks, etc. If you
were to chase your domestic fowls
' with dog and gun one-tenth as much
as you do the poor little quail, In the
fa'.l of the year, do you think that
there would be many chickens on the
tooRt In your chicken house at night?
The writer has known coveys that
after being chased and shot at all
doy, would be whistling the call Just
at dusk, and after getting back to
gether would fly to roost.
I think that anything that Is ns
valuable as the quail and stnys with
you through such circumstances,
should be protected better than most
of our farmers are doing. J. II. T., In
the Indiana Farmer.
The Black Raspberry.
The black raspberry has its peculiari
ties, and umong them is that of the
annual travel to new soil by means of
the tips. Stocks from the hill are com
paratively worthless for new planta
tions; nnd growers of valuable varieties
must obtain their plants from tbe tips
of the present year's growth. The first
part of July, if It hiis not been attend'
ed to sooner, when tbe growing canes
have reached tbe height of 4 feet BlP
out the point with thumb and ringer, ;
and Boon branches will come out along
the cane, Increasing tbe number to take
root, and adding to the productiveness
of the plant tbe next season. Leave ,
the bearing cane In its place until fall.
Later, when it Is time for the tips to
attach themselves to the soil, the root
ing can be facilitated by a slight cov
ering of dirt In preparing for the
crop In spring bead in the branches to
two or three feet, according to their
strength.
Getting a Start with Sheep. !
When the farmers In the corn ana .
grass states reach the point where they
have their fields all fenced hog tight,
they should not delay for any consider
able length of time getting a start In
sheep, says Wallace's Farmer. It la
not necessary to have a large flock. It
Is a good deal better not to have It for
two or three reasons : One is that sheep I
do not do well with hogs and cattle.
This Is the. reason why so few sheep are
kept in the hog and cattle country.
Another reason is that those who have
had no experience in sheep would do
well to advance slowly, and, If need be
retreat rapidly. Twenty-five ewes and
a good buck are as many as the Inex
perienced farmer should start with. Tha
expense of these Is comparatively small,
the possible loss therefore not great in
case the man should prove not to be a
fit man to handle sheep. There are some
men of this kind. The chances of loss,
however, are very small where the
farmer has any kind of sheep gumption
about him.
Tenting the Health ol an Animal.
The pulse of a horse when at rest
beats forty times per minute; of an I
ox from fifty to fifty-five; of a sheep!
and a pig about seventy --to eighty.
The pulse may be felt wherever a
big artery crosses a bone. It Is gener
ally examined In the horse on the cord
which passes over the bone of the lower
jaw in front of its curved position, or
In the bony ridge above the eye; and
In nllttlo nvor tha mtrllla nf tlio flrof t
rib; in sheep by placing the hand on
the left side, where the beating of the
heart may be felt.
Any material variations of the puls
from the figures given above may be
considered as a slgii of disease. If
rapid, hard and full it is an indica
tion of high fever or Inflamnnitlon; If
rapid, small and weak, low fever, loss
of blood or weakness. If slow the pos
sibilities point to brain disease, and If
Irregular to heart troubles.
Cnrtnln front Poultry House.
The style of curtain front house
shown Is of the shanty roof type, 8 feet
U Inches hlirh at the front and 4 feet 0
InchPS at the rear.' Hie width of this)
CUBTAIN FRONT POULTRY IIOUSE.
oi any of the houses may be varied to
suit the builder. The front of this
house consists of a curtain on a frame
hinged in such a way that it may be
swung to the roof to allow the sunshine
to enter. The plans of the curtain
front houses lend themselves to the
construction of an enclosed house by
using lumber Instead of cotton.
The roosts, nest boxes, dron boards
and In fact all interior fixtures, should
be constructed and put up in such a
INTERIOR FIXTDBES.
way that they may be easily removed
tor cleaning and disinfection. The dia
gram illustrates how tbey may be ar
ranged with advantage In any bouse.
The roosts should rest in sockets, and
the drop boards should not be nailed
in place, but simply rest on the cleats
at tho ends.
Value of Humus.
That soils need humus Is shown by
tho recent test at the West Virginia
station. The ash of stable manure,
even when applied with sodium nitrate,
did not show as large returns as when'
stable manure alone was applied. In
a number of coses it is decaying hu
mus and not latent plant food ele
ments that the farmer's soil needs. See
that the soil is rich in organic matter
first then if It falls to produce, apply
the plaiit food elements In the prepared
forms.
Pastor Grass,
Minnesota farmers have found
pounds of timothy, B pounds of white
clover, 3 pounds of Kentucky blue grass
and 1 pound of red-top seed per acre
to ba an excellent mixture for pas
tures. If tbe ground is Inclined to be
wet the red-top will take the place of
ths timothy. .
-
11 1 1 rTTTTTTTTn
GERMAITY'S TOYS.
Their Manufacture One of the Coun
try's Dig Industries.
Some Interesting particulars of the
toy industry of Germany have been
published by the British' consul at Ham
burg. Toys constitute one of the most
Important branches of German -manufacture.
In the year 1903 the total vol
ume of toys exported from all parts of
the German Empire was 34,717 tons,
valued at $13,931,370. Though there Is
hardly any country In the world to
which German toys are not erported,
the most important customer of Ger
many Is Great Britain, which in the
year under review received 12,218 tons.
The second most Important market for
German toys Is this country, the ex
ports to which amounted in 1903 to 11,-
055 tons, valued at $4,093,135.
The most Important centers for the
manufacture of toys 'In Germany are
Nuremberg and Fuerth in Bavaria, Sou
neberg and some other parts of Thur
lngia and the Saxon "Erzegebirge."
Nuremberg, above all, has long been
known throughout the world for its
trade and industry, and German toys,
wherever made, still go in many coun
tries by the name of Nuremberg tovs.
STUDYING MAN
t; yf'rtp&v&te Wit 0
I "'si! B fifth
THE CALOH1METEU CHAMBER.
Some time ago Dr. Andrew Wilson discussed the eulorhnetric experlmentu
at an American university. Sheffield University hns now Installed a similar
chamber, In which a man is shut up in order that the heat generated by
his hotly may be observed. By a system of registering Instruments the heat
generated by the body lii action and In repose is minutely recorded. The
prisoner has to live for several days In a calorimeter, and his food is passed
to him through a porthole so contrived that the heat of the chamber cannot
be affected by the opening of communication with the outside world. For
exercise he rides a stationary bicycle, and during the time he Is on the ma
chine a record Is taken f the' change In the temperature of the body.
Illustrated London News.
At Fuerth, which Is close to Nuremberg,
a flourishing trade and Industry has
likewise sprung up since about the end
of the eighteenth century. Next to Nu
remberg and Fuerth the town and dis
trict of Sonneberg has for many years
enjoyed the best reputation for Its toy
Jndustry and trade, while In the Saxon
"Erzgoblrge," a district comparatively
poor in natural products, the manufac
ture of toys has likewise for some time
furnished a source of livelihood to
thousands of its Inhabitants.
The toys made at Nuremberg and
Fuerth are chiefly of the metal variety,
made either of tin, tinned , sheet iron
orbf tin and lead alloy's. Of the more
than 200 toy factories established In
both of these towns, about 150 are de
voted exclusively to metal toys, the
only part of them worked by hand be
ing the final pnlntlng, while all the rest
Is manufactured by machinery. In this
respect this toy industry of the two
Bavarian towns occupies a rather, dif
ferent position from that of nil the
other parts of Germany, where It Is al
most exclusively carried on by manual
labor; that is to say, by workmen and
women in their own homes. The suc
cess of the Nuremberg and Fuerth met
al toy manufactories is mainly attribu
table to the skillful manner in which
the materials have been employed, nnd
In which the machinery and tools used
for the work have been adapted aud
gradually Improved by the toy manu
facturers themselves, thus enabling
them to produce large quantities of
articles within a comparatively short
time, and to reduce the expenses of pro
duction, and In consequence also the
sale prices of the articles manufactured
by them. Scientific American.
Shower of Fish la Australia.
In 'a communication to the Royal So
ciety of Queensland, Douglas Ogilby re
cords the occurrence of a shower of
fishes which fell in Brisbane during a
severe hailstorm on Oct 7 last.
They were Identified as the species
known as the trout gudgeon (krefftius
adspersus). Such showers of small fish
are not unknown In other parts of the
world. Sometimes after a heavy rain
they are found swimming about in the
pools formed on tbe surface of the
fields.
The explanation is that the waters
of a pond or lake have been drawn up
into the clouds by a whirlwind, carry
ing some of the smaller fry with them.
The latter, of course, promptly descend
again in the rain. London Globe.
"Nobnddy" Answered.
The average small boy's opinion of
himself is none too high, but the reply
of a small stable boy In Chicago may
scarcely be taken as the average. A
woman whose husband kept the driving
AS A MACHINE.
l lM A 4,
horse in "one of the many "boardlnar
stables" in the city telephoned the other
day to have the horse .and carriage
brought to the house. A strange voice
answered the telephone.
"Is this So & So's stable?" queried
the woman.
' "Yea," eahie the answer.
'Well, who is this?"
"Aw, 'taln't nobuddy. Wait a mln
nlt and I'll call somebody," came the
answer.
.A Judicious Start.
"I suppose you are ready to contend
that your family dates back to before
the deluge?"
"No, I'm not That gang was so
bad it had to be drowned out. Our
people were satisfied to Start In after
things settled down and civilization be
gan to tnke root." Cleveland Plain
Dealer.
Too Sympathetic.
"There is such a thing as being too
considerate and tender-hearted."
"What's the trouble now?"
"My daughter refuses to boil the
drinking water for fear of hurting the
germs." Washington Star.
The Shortest.
"What's the shortest day in the
year?"
"I don't know whnt it is by the cal
endar:, but it's Christmas by my finan
cial account" Cleveland IMaln Dealer.
You people who quarrel easily, re
member that no quarrel was ever real
ly made up,
"So you were successful In your first
case, doctor?" "Er yes, yes; the er
widow paid the bill." The Tatler.
Church Did you ever work for a
railroad company? Gotham Well, yes;
I've tried to open the car windows.
Tonkers Statesman.
Little Wife Granddad, what makes
a man always give a woman a diamond
engagement ring? Grandfather The
woman. Philadelphia Enquirer.
Wlfe I've Intited one of my old
beaux to dinner. Do you mind? Hus
band Mind I Heavens, no! I always
love to associate with lucky people.
Life.
Family Doctor And how old are you
now," Robbie? Robbie I'm not old at
all, doctor. No man Is old until his
teeth are all gone, and here I'm getting
a new set
- Auntie Poor Rob! Does your tooth
ache yet? If 'twere mine, dear, I'd
have it out at once and be done with
It Robbie If 'twere yours! Well,
auntie, so would I.
."What would you do, dear. If I wero
to die?" asked Mrs. Darley, fondly.
"I don't know," replied Darley thought
fully. "Which Is your choice burial
or cremation?" Tit-Bits.
"Pop! What is a pantomime?" "A
pantomime Is a piece In which no one
speaks." "I shouldn't think a piece
with no women In It would be interest
ing!" Yonkers Statesman.
"Do you want employment?" "Lady,'
answered Plodding Pete, "you means
well, but you can't make work sound
any more Invitin' by usln ' words of
three syllables." Washington Star.
First Deacon Our new pastor must
be a vegetarian. Second Deacon Why
do you think so? First Dencon There
doesn't seem to be any meat in his ser
mons. Philadelphia Public Ledger.
Elsa The paper says that the brldo
was unattended. Stella That notice
was written up in advance of the wed
ding, but It was a good guess; the
bridegroom failed to show up. Puck.
Mrs. Ilix I don't take any stock In
these faith cures brought about by the
laying on of hands. Mrs. Dix Well,
I do; I cured my little boy of the cigar
ette habit that way. New York Globe.
"You call this a summer resort, I
believe," suld the sarcastic visitor. "I
am unaware of nny place to which sum
mer resorts more regularly," returned
the Philadelphian stiffly. Philadelphia
Bulletin.
"But," protested the wayward sou,
"you should make allowance for the
folllles of youth." "Huh !" growled the
old man. "If it wasn't for the allow
ance you get there would be less folly."
Chicago Dolly News.
Hiram Who is thiit little runt that
kern up in a buggy wagon to see Miss
Flip, the new boarder? Silas He's
what them city folks calls her "fiasco."
Hiram Her fiasco oh, you 'mean her
financce. Boston Transcript
"Louder ! Louder !" shrieked the del
egates. "Gentlemen," protested the pre
siding officer, "I can assure you that
the disappointment of those who can't
hear isn't a marker to the disappoint
ment of those who can." Philadelphia
Public Ledger.
Mamma Robbie, have you earaehb,
dear? Robbie No, mamma. Mamma
Then why do you put cotton In it?
Robblei 'Cause you told me that I
learn so little, 'cause what goes in one
ear goes out the other, and so I've
plugged the other up.
"Did you write to papa, George?"
"Asking for your hand?" "Of course."
"Yes, I wrote." "That's strange. I sup
posed papa would be terribly angry.
You know he doesn't like you." "Yes,
I know. But I fixed it all right. I I
didn't sign the letter." Cleveland
Plain Dealer.
Publican And how do you like being
married, John? John Don't like It at
all. Publican Why, what's tbe matter
wl' she, John? John Well, first thing
in the morning It's money, when I gooes
'ome to my dinner it's money again,
sand at supper it's the same thing. Noth
ing but money, money, money! Publi
canWell, I never! What do she do
wl' all that money? John I dunno. I
ain't given her any yet
Had Never Met Before.
They had Just been Introduced.
"Really." she said, timidly. "Your
fuce seems so familiar to me I think
we. must have met before."
"Impossible," he sighed. "If we had
ever met before I should either be en-'
gaged to you, married fo you or dead
of a broken heart ere this."
No wonder she asked him If ' he
wouldn't like to wear her college pin
for a while!
J The women should always adailr
. women more than the men.