f
UEM COUNTY LEADER
RtCOUINS, Cdltar
r N HAVDEN, Manacar
TOLEDO .'. .OREGON
The tornado sen sou Is "on," aim
countless roofg are off, In several West
ern states.
No doubt there are a lot of men who
think a great deal of the theory that
laziness Is a disease.
Mrs. Hetty Green's face may require
beauty treatment, but the face value of
ber notes needs no pomade.
A clergyman lms placed a ban on
woman's big hats. Everything else was
placed there by the makers.
Let nobody say the cottonwood Is a
useless tree. It has been tapped and
found to contain natu-al gas.
The man who swallowed a check for
150 muBt have some personal knowl
edge of undigested securities.
Those night riders have been In the
saddle long enough by this time to
be bow-legged, so that detection should
be an easy matter.
Alfred G. Vanderbllt admits that his
Income has been reduced to $S()0,00()
a yenr, but he is keeping a stiff upper
lip and hoping for the best.
The man who led a double life on a
salary of f 10 a week must Beem like a
wizard to the men who find It hard to
live a single life on double that.
The "Rev." Billy Sunday makes a
proper protest against the man who
guzzles champagne. Down with the
man who guzzles anything, especially
eoup I
The New York Evening Post quotes
an article by Dr. Otto Frciherr vou
der I'fordten from the Naturwlssen
Bchnftliclie Woohonschrlft.. Itlseuough
tostaggcrhumnnlty. '
There Is nothing new In the an
nouncement that war has been de
clared against the house flies. Our
grandmothers used to fight them from
morning till night.
After the country's standing timber
lins been exhausted by a wasteful people-the
Missouri river will furnish a
practically Inexhaustible supply of
snugs for the use of the wood pulp
trust.
The story Is told of a Texas couple
who walked ten miles through ruin
and 'mud to get married. Until some
couple walks thnt. far, under similar
conditions, to get n divorce, we're go
ing to remain optimistic on the sub
ject of marriage.
Between the birth of the famous
General John A. Dix, In 171)8, and the
death of his noted son, the Itov. Mor
gan Dlx, this spring, every President
of the United States has lived. Wash
ington did not die till 1700, when the
elder Dlx was jnore than a year old.
These, two men, father and son, lived
in three centuries, and were ornaments
of two.
American national songs have been
frequently criticized severely. The
imislc has been objected to as having
been borrowed, the words ns not poetic.
On the other hand, Dr. Walsh,, the
Scottish preacher, who lately visited
the United States, remarks that
"America" has one noble merit: "It
Is the least bellicose of national
hymns."
America has ofTendod some of its
profoundest European critics by Its
chronic optimism. What an American
philosopher calls the religion of
iiealthy-mlndediiess flourishes In this
country more than In any other; our
determined good ciier and faith ' in
prosperity make the sad-eyed world
shake Its wise head. The same critics
will no doubt find another example of
our incorrigible shallowness In. the Na
tional Prosperity Association, recently
formed in St. Louis, and will think Its
motto, "Give us a rest and sunshine,"
hopelessly silly. But underneath this
campaign of optimism is some hard
American business sense, and boards
of trade and other business organiza
tions ail over the country have Joined
In an application of mlud-cure to the
financial depression.
Poor, blind, foolish creatures that we
are, we seek through the whole world
for remedies, and seek in vain, forget
ting that God in Ills goodness has
placed them right before us. The city
man, sick and tired of the noise, the
confusion, the dirt, the smoke, the un
ending bustle and rush and rour and
rattle, yearns for surcease and for
balm. If he will follow the true dic
tates of his soul he will cut out the
trip to Europe, or to a watering place,
and go to the good green country. It
will save him much money, and maybe
tils life. Here may his weary heart
find peac complete In miracles of col
or, In spicy, subtle odors, in sounds,
firm, deep, tumultuous. Here may he
be waked, fresh and bright, by the Bob
White's whistle on the dewy dawn, to
dream through days that are long-spun
threads of gold linked by starry nights
of silver. Here may he drink, through
every quickened sense, the cup that Na
ture tills for us a happy, draught, un-
mixed with twin. Solitude nhiln food.
pure water, fresh air, clear Buiishiue1 i . . , , ,
and the good old earth, aii roofed lniMigtit Variation in the
by the skv the best- minlturt inn that I
by the sky the best sanitarium that
ever was! All the learned specialists,
with all their intricate formulas, may
fail to help you, and a brief clasp by
mother nature, close to her heart, may
make a new man of vou. All the medi
cinal baths, even at the furthest end of
the earth, cann.ct equal a plunge at
dawn into an ice-cold pool direct from
a hillside spring. All the dieticians
cannot prescribe a more healthful
breakfast than eggs and milk fresh
from the farmyqrd. All the physical
directors cannot devise a better exer- j PensIve "fairs. Their cost to the party
else than a brisk walk in the bright holdinS t1" Is estimated at not le3s
sunshlne along a country road. tban S150-000. . ad perhaps more. In
each great party Is a body of wise men
What would Dr. Johnson have said known 88 the "National Committee."
If lie could have foreseen that within jTnIs ,)ody ls the nome of political' as-
two hundred years of his time those cension- A man nii'y n Pr0U(1 mem"
whom he . aptly characterized as her of n division committee, which Is
"wretched ' unldea'd girls" would de- j tlle fil'st steV ln the ladder. But when
velop to the point -where they could. he reachpR tue dizzy heights of na-
gather ln a single city nearly a thou- tlo'-ml committeeman from - his State
sand of their sex, each of whom bore nnd nIMears flt the convention with a
the time-honored degree of bachelor of j um1i?e ns blB. as " ancient breast-
iii-imV If n.u .r,.v ..i.i .l.i i pin to, so thst there cnti be no mistake
- o v uu v. - - Liv. VUU1U ! J
been In Boston at the recent assembly j
of the Association of Collegiate Alum
nae, he must have amended his sav
age comparison of a woman's nrencli-
nig io u uogs wanting on its hlnu legs "
-not well done, but surprising In thne f the different dt.es that
it should be done at a... For these ' - J. "J -It.cal.y
earned Indies Rtmko upIi niM.i Iooks to the size of the "guarantee,"
ing to a dog's walking on Its hind legs
learned ladles spoke well, presided ,
with d B-nitv-nmi fni-ia i.nto.i .iti,
:".:".
counesy, ana got tnrougn a vast deal,
of business and pleasure ln the week
or their meeting. The association com
prises the women graduates of twen
ty-five selected colleges. It -numbers
uniij-Bi. uniucnes ana nixiiit thirty-
fl..A i j i i . . . .
thlrty-slx branches and about thirty-
mo uuuiuHi meuiuers. ii mis an in-1 v .. unlmOT
terest in every problem of education glns ln renl foL'ni- TIie notel bllls f
and sociology, and is full of n wnrm.t,,e ntional Committees are some-
gool-fellowshIp. The subjects of dis-
cusslon at this twenty-fifth miniver
sary of the association were nunier
ous; but two facts in regard to the
meetings struck an Impartial observer, j The delegate to the National Conven
Flrst, the women were not anxious to tlon is generally a person of import
do all the talking themselves.- Thoy'ance at his home. The Democrats re
called to their platform a large num- quire a two-thirds vote of all the dele
ber of men wise ln counsel, who gave g;ites present and voting to make a
of their very best to the large audi- ' nomination. .. The Republicans require
ences, of whom certainly nlne-tentha i majority of those present and voting,
were alumnae. In the second place.l ' A"t a national convention each State
the note of the meeting was In great, lias Its own headquarters, .where the
contrast to the radicalism which mark- delegates gather.. They do a lot of
ed similar conferences ten years ago. "conferring" with each other and with'
The conservative woman had her say delegates' from other States. They hold
nnd won her praise. The educated wife 'meetings and elect chairmen and hon
and mother was recognized as thejorary vice presidents. The honorary
finest product of civilization. The .vice president has' a seat on the plat
teacher the foster-mother of society ( form and an extra ticket, but little
was given the glory too often denied else. The chairman' does the dickering
her. In short, there. was good cheer in In some cases; in some cases the posi
these alnninoe meetings for every girl tion Is a sinecure. Usually the "con
wlio wants discipline and knowledge ferring" and the dickering begin days
Just that she may use them to make, before the convention Is to be called
herself a better daughter, friend, wife !o order.
and mother, and an uplifting and re-1 Trior to the. calling of the conven
generatlng social force, ln whatever tlon to order the National Committee
at. It 1 ..1. , . . .. . ... . ... .....
aiuuuu it una yn-iiseu uou to can uer.
Tennla Rncketa.
What most affects thp lifo
In a lawn tennis racket ls dampness,
says the New York Sun., Nowadays
rackets are strung so tight that the
u.t.i,.n t...n..i.
minion intuit wiui even greater lie -
qnency than before. The Idea is that
tight gut sends the ball with greftter
force from the very tense surface. .The
dampness gets right after these very
taut strings. A lawn tennis man whs
....t.. I..t.... ,.i ..
-aiiiuuiiiK lei-emiy wnui precautions
have to be taken !n sending racket
nlrond: '
."When first we began to send them
to Bermuda, for Instance," he said,
"we put them merely in watentroof
covers. Greatly to our surprise we
learned that the entire first shipment
had arrived with strinirs broken
" " -
tried the same packing again., with tlw
same result.
i i c i'fiiivti vtiui i wiih run
"
, . , .,
tip and tha made them airtight and
dllllin Proof."
damp proof."
The lawn tennis man explained a,
new wrinkle of players. At the end
. .n...A A i. i , ,
" .
of a season some of them have nil the
B-iit cut out nf a fnvnr to rnffc-nf Tl.la
..... ,. .
gut cut out of a favorite racket. This
" T, 7. , . 1.
a string might break In the winter and
put the strain all on the side of the
frame, warping it
"With a favorite racket they think
it better to pay for restrlnglng them
than to run those chances," said he.
"It doesn't hurt a racket to restrlng
It ; really it helps and Improves it."
A Hold-Up.
This perfume, sir, is $4 an ounce."
"No wonder you fellows make money,
getting $4 for a scent" Kansas City
Times.
What has become of the married
1.. .
wuinau wuo iooKeu in a superior way
at the old maids?
trouble and packed the rackets In tin j tee offers to the convention as Its tern
boxes. Bach box WHS carefullv soldered nnmrv p1inl-i,.n l.o t,n,n o
WAGIIG A
POLITICAL
; Republicans and Democrats.
Great Power Wielded Vigorously by the National Committee
Preliminary to the Gathering Handful of Leaders Control
Machinery, Nominations and Platform.
National conventions are very . I
1 - " I
1
1,1 llla Btandlng, the height of arabi-
tlon U reached. There is one national
committeeman from each State. This
august body meets In December ore-
ceding a national convention, exam nes
the claims of the Afferent .hm ,w
ook8 ".e size of tl.e "guarantee,"
as it Is culled. I his latter form means
t,,Ht tho .. ,,, ,.
, " w .,.s-i"- v..
umiuiiy Kfia iuv ronveiuiou. uue guar-
f , V
nntPft IS nccpntl hr the mniniltl-pa. I
men, and they then proceed to spend
It lavishly. Apartments at the most
' iw iUiCU, a uusi ui
.pmttlnvna fa rotntiinil ati.l l.ialiia h..
thing enormous.
Machinery nf a ConvenUon.
While the preliminaries are being
arranged the delegates are arriving.
.is virtually in commana or the situa
tion. With it lies the arranging of the
details, the "framing- up" of the pro
cednre of the first session, the selectlor
of tIle temixirary chairman, and, in r
erent n,nn-v cases, though not always
,ue ir"Kn mnKing ortne wnoie con
VPTltinn. ' tptll'Tutt-nrtr nnrl. tumnnnnnt
1 ' ...... i.....,.it7 i-
B"l!'-ntlo:s, nominating and platform
building
Convention la In OMer.
Now for the convention, the greal
IllPpHlKr thnt tha rvtmitrv hoa lrutl.ul
" J
forward to for so many weeks. The
j chairman of the National Committee
calls the convention to order, usually
'about noon upon the day set. '
The convention called to order, the
proceedings are opened "with prayer,
, The chairman requests the secretary'
.to .read the cull for the convention,
,". - "".-. iucn me luiiuau
gone through, and this takes a lot -of
)' The next step Is the announce-
ninnr t in nh., iiiwv i- n -iA An.,..ii.
Hi nj vililii uiiill Vlltll LIIM UU1111U1L
- " "- ou-nuu-
So. There are loud and prolonged
nhpnt-a nnl I... . ., m.
cheers, and by a viva voce vote Mr
So-and-So Is uiinlmously elected. There
is usually little trouble over the elec
. . . .
i "",v- '- f.c no.-
tlon of a temporary chairman.. The
' ..1,,,;,,,..., ti,.. .
- .ur
chairman then appoints a committee to
"T"1 ,uc "'Porary cnairmnn to tne
,..,..., i,le lmlm piuj-B, iue ueiegn-
tlon from Mr. So-and-So's State makes
lot of noise, and all Is merry.
It Is Incumbent on the temnorarv
chairman to make a. speech. He lnvarl-
ably takes advantage of the opportu-
tllfv T I ,, ,... ..,t - 1.-nHn. M T . I. .
uu. 1 Kjui,,c. &i is a I
SU8taIned note. It is invarlablv a trlb-
uicobcd uic ununiiy $uou III lueir Way
ute to the "jiarty of Abraham Lincoln" Men noted for their eloquence, who
at the Republican convention, and a can portray the virtues of the aspirant
glorl fiction of the "party of Thomas in iansunge that will thrill their hear
Jefferson at the Democratic. It lasts er8i flre selected for this work. The
very long time... platform ls usually accorded the speak
After the speech various resolutions er and his oration Is hailed with deaf-
'flre Onered. Pannllv thnnn hn vp hpAn I
arrttnSl for in advance, and the tern-
porary chairman wocks according to a
1TI0HAL
COfWEfJTIO
'
Procedure Between
-
rrinui ..in.... tk-. n
1 . v n ov-ucuuin, ITMlllIiK VU liru-l AJKJ
and Richard Doe at the right time, so
that there may be no hitch. Commlt-
tees are appoluted ; one on resolutions,
which will have the drafting of the
platform; one on credentials or con-
tested seats; one on permanent or-
ganlzatlon. These are the Important
ones. When they are all cioscn, and
there has been a lot of hand-clapping
and cheering, as well-known men are
appointed to this or that committee,
the temporary chairman announces an
adjournment, usually until the next
dav.
Af ,oaf ... . .
' ' ' tT 1T Is n , moU
d.'8tl?t deIogat.e beg n8 t0
" T h . . , . "
. ma t home, he is lost In the
n man at hom ,. , , f . t,
hurly burly and Lr of the conven
n )' r a
. ,.... . JV
tee Dut he 'had do
. ... ......
lunu lue state ooss aeciuea that so-
and-so should be a member of the Per
n,rit . ... ... .
manent Organization Comm ttee; that
. .
Mr. Brown, who ls a political eeono
mist, should be honored by a seat in
the Resolutions Committee, and that
the Boss himself or one of his most
trusted lieutenants should be a mem
ber of the Credentials Committee. These
bodies all meet separately. All the
contests that were handled by the Na
tional Committee the week previous go
to the Committee on Credentials unless
pressure hns beeii brought .to have the
contestants withdraw their fight. The
Credentials Committee wires are pulled
the same .as was the National Commit
tee, and the result Is usually nearly
the same. . '
Framing the Platform.
It Is when the district delegate sits
in the Committee ou Resolutions " to
draft the platform that he begins to
realize that he Is only a small "1"
compared with the bosses. The genial
.Mr., Doe, wno nos beeu coming to the
national- conventions since 1808,' ls
elected chalrmau with a hurrah. He
assumes li Is position and draws from
his pocket a carefully prepared docu
ment, which the secretary proceeds to
read. The district delegate might have
had an idea some time previously that
he would be consulted as to the plat
form. But the party leaders saved him
all the trouble and worrlment. They
had skilled men at work on the plat
form weeks before, and It is built ac
cording to their Ideas. The committee
usually adopts the platform with a
rush. Sometimes there Is a fight on
particular topics. But party expedi
ency usually rules.
Ileal Work Now Beglna.
The Credentials Committee fre
quently sits for three days and the
;onventlon must wait until "Its labors
ire finished. The Committee on Per
manent' Organization is usually a cut
uid dried affair. Finally the Creden
tials Committee reports and the new
roll Is made up. Then the Committee
m Permanent Organization makes Its
report. It recommends thnt the "Hon
orable Senator or Mr. So-and-So" be
called upon to preside. Cheers greet
the name, and the gentleman ls escort
ed to the platform. After he has been
elected he makes a profound speech, the
omer onicers are choi
horses the riieet Is on
ither officers are chosen and, like race
If the committee on Tlatform
Is
ready to report it reports after the
permanent chairman has made his
Mpi-ecn. .un tne report mere must be
L roll call. There is always too the
...... . .. . ' .
speech. .On the report there must be
possibility Of a flcht. Certnln "nlnnVa'
that pfense Maine may be abhorrent to
Texas. When the matter of Hie nlat.
lexns. wnen tne matter or flie nlat-
forni Is disposed of, either by the com-
... .. '.. '
mriii is uiposeu or, eitner c
mlttee reporting or bv the
announce-
,nent thnt it Is not ready to report, the
permanent chairman announces another
gibiy until later In the same dnv.
ivnn,in.M .. - r-
Frequently the time is taken up' with
ppoeches placing the candidates for
....
x resident ID nomination. These 1.
,1 ....n .
onlnflp onnlan atiA nhnitw, r- 1.
. c.....n ul.t..uuo uuu mct,a, at.-u can-
dldate Is brought to the front and his
I works painted In glowing colors. Then
comes the critical period. The district
delegate believes now is the iuoment
when he counts for something.
The roll call begins and proceed
monotonously. The chairmen of the
different delegations alone do the talk
ing. That Is all there is to It. The
first ballot In the convention Is usually
devoted to complimenting favorite sons.
After that the real work begins. The
district delegate learns that he is not
to vote as he Intended, but that be will
rote for some one else on the second
ballot.
Suddenly there ls a roar in the con
vention. It is a mighty shout, louder
than,' cannon. Someliody has been nom
inated for President. Amidst great
disorder the rollcall is pushed to con
clusion. The chairman tries to learn
how the tellers agree In their count.
But the crowd knows all about it. The
chairman, powerless as Mrs. Parting
ton with a broom against the waves
of the ocean, tries to do his duty. The .
shouts and cheers keep up for ten or
more minutes. Excited men parade the
aisles, carrying their State banners,
cheering and singing. Finally, when
order Is restored, the chairman an
nounces formally the name of the nom
inee. World Knont the Ntwl Quickly.
This Is greeted by more cheering .and
everybody is happy except the friends
of the defeated. They move to make
the nomination unanimous with a for
mal grace that lacks enthusiasm. This
is done and the band plays. In the
meantime tie click of th" fpipnnh ln
strumeut shows that the news has beeji
carried to every town and hamlet iu
the country. It has been cabled to for
eign countries. The rulers of all na
tions know within a few minutes after
the nomination who Is the. prospective
President of the United States.
No matter how long It has taken tt,
choose a nominee for the Presidency,
the whole performance has to be gone
through again when It conies to nom
inating a candidate for the second
place on the ticket. There are not so
many "favorite sons," however, and one
ballot frequently suffices. More noise,
more enthusiasm. The convention has
nominated the ticket. " '
Each State delegation, at one of Its.
conferences, has chosen Its candidate
for member of the National Committee.
The election of this committee is now
In order. It ls put through quickly, as
a rule, and without a bitch. Then reso
lutions of various sorts are passed.
The ticket Is named, the convention
passes into history and the battle for
power and patronage begins. The dis
trict delegate goes home. His towns
men congratulate him on his good work.
Philadelphia Public Ledger.
THE "FIXER" OF GOTHAH.
New York Ent Side Character Haa -Ileal
MlNKlon In Life.
You will not find him mentioned ir
the city's charter nor on the pay roll
of Greater New York, but the enst side
"fixer" ls an established Institution and
is as Important' In bis way as the po
liceman who samples the wares of the
pushcart peddler, or as the white-robed!
street cleaner.
When aliens come to this country
says the American Hebrew, and are
enmeshed ln a mountain of ordinances '
and regulations It Is obvious that their
lapses from the straight path marked
out for the native must be viewed wltl
an eye of softened by kindness.
"This eye of kindness is the 'fixer
He Is the man who rushes to the rescue
of the, unfortuiinte wight who has beei
caught in the wheels of the law and
who needs a sponsor.
"Necessarily the 'fixer1 Is the inti
mate friend of the wnrd heeler, of the
district leader and necessarily of the
Judges of the minor courts. "He is usu
ally bluff, hearty, good-natured and
with a genuine love for his fellow
citizens.
"When a pushcart peddler is sud
denly made to realize thnt he ls violat
ing the law by staudlng on one spot for
more than the, regulation number of
minutes, and he is arrested by the po
liceman who has "been sampling his
beans or his fruit, It Is not n pleasant
situation in which he would find him
self if he had no means 'of communica
ting with friends who are friends of n
the 'fixer.' '
"It ls the 'fixer who sees the district
leader for him, who appears in court to
say a good word for him, who sees tho
Judge before the case Is called, and
who, if necessary, puts up the bail
to take him out of Jail for the night
"It must not be supposed that th
'fixer1 1b a philanthropist lie disdains
ethics and civic virtue as the fanatic
mouthing of the silk-stocking folk
What he does is done for his own good!
"If he does not receive his fee In
money he knows he may count upon the
rescued individual for his vote, and a
vote Is easily converted into monetary
value. As the friend of those in dis
tress he becomes an influence in the
neighborhood, and an army of such
friends may lead to political prefer
ment of lasting importance."
Ever bothered with Insomnia? piauo
players and dogs seem most frequent! v
afflicted in this way. And the poor
things make an awful fusa about It