Science
Invention
Gas poisoning from gag engines has
bemnte bo common that Germi'ii au
thorities urge that cylinders -f oxygon
le kept near, and that engineers be
taught to ninly Inhalations to icxuscl
tate victims.
Experiment has shown that tin elec
tric are can he employed under water
tor fusing metal. The Intense heat
turns the water surrounding the arc
Into steam, thus forming an Insulating
cushion of vapor. It has been suggest
ed that with proper apparatus t'i elec
trlc are could be employed by divers,
for quickly cutting through larire ;lialu
cables or Iron plates under water.
The "axle-light" system Is In use on
the trains of the Atchlsnn. Toiieka and
Santa Fe railroad on an extensive
scale. Each car has Its own storage
batteries suplled w-ltih electricity gen
erated by the axles of the wheels, and
the locomotive headlights derive their
Illumination from the same source. It
Is estimated that each full train, ex
clusive of the locomotive, develops near
ly 500 candle-power light.
Within the past few years' the euca
lyptus has been Introdwed in Florida,
and Its kindly growth there Is Ix-lieved
to Indicate that It might be extensively
cultivated In the southern piirts of that
State. The eucalyptus Is of very rapid
growth, but It cannot withstand frosts.
It was planted In California from Aus
tralia many years ago, and now flour
ishes so abundantly on the l'rcllii:
coast that Its wood Is extensively em
ployed for fuel, posts and lumber.
The prodiK'tlon of oxygen and hydro
gen on an Industrial scale by the de
composition of water with electrolytic
apparatus In Germany hns led to the
suggestion that hydrogen thus produc
ed may find a wide Held' of employment
as a lighting agent. It Is now used
for lnflatingmilltaryballoon8. For light
ing purposes It Is compressed In steel
cylinders. With a proper burner It Is
said to he a. cheaper lllumlnant than
acetylene, the relative cost for equal
Illuminating power lelng 25 for hydro
gen to 50 for acetylene.
Everybody who has used a micro
scope has no doubt regretted the diffi
culty of seeing small Insects, and other
living objects not of mere microscopic
dimensions, magnified while alive and
moving freely In the field of view. A
recently Invented English Instrument,
called the vltascope. Is said to supply n
desideratum In blri respect. It Is
shaped -like a telescope, a foot long
when closed, and an Inch and a Half
In diameter. The lenses are so com
bined that aif object 20 Inches away
may be magnified 12 diameters. At a
distance of 5 indies the magnification
00 diameters.
BOAT HAS EXPEESS SPEED.
Wwtfro Dexla-nera Expert Their
New Craft to Beat All Record.
A craft with the speed of an express
train has long- been the dream of sev
eral motor-boat enthuslnsts along the
upper Mississippi River and several- de
signers have been working together
with the result that they have produced
a boat with which they expect to shat
ter all the present records, says the
New York World.
Frank Titus of Fountain City, Wis.,
formerly owned the fastest boat on the
river In the famous Itat, the small
craft which attained a speed of nearly
twenty miles nn hour with a nine-horse
power engine and for three seasons held
the speed record on the upper river.
The Itat has been sold to a physician
at Cassvllle, Wis., and her engines will
be used In another craft.
Until the advent of the Chief of Rec
ord, formerly owned by A. Gardner of
Winona, the Bat outclassed all boats
on the rf'm, large mid small, and could
leave the fastest steamboats In the
stern waves.
Gardner's boat, 25 feet long, with
a nine-horsepower-engine nud 4-foot
beam, was, until the middle of the
season, the fastest boat In that terri
tory. At Wabasha on July 4, In the
motor-boat races, the Chief of Record
outran the Hut and other boats en
tered and finished nearly a half-mile
In the lead In a six-mile course. The
Chief of Record attained a speed of
twenty miles an hour and for the
horse-power Installed was .considered
the fnstest boat between St. Louis and
St. Taul.
Late In July the Skip, owned by
Eugene P. Gleason, of LaCrosse, was
launched at Red Wing nnd clearly out
classed other water racers. The Skip
Is 32 feet long, with a 4-foot beam and
Is equipped with a twelve-horse-power
motor In three cylinders. The Skip
has attained as high as twenty-two
and a half miles an hour, but through
failure to provide a sufficient cooling
apparatus for the engine Is unable to
maintain this pace Indefinitely.
The Skip now holds the speed rec
ord on that part of the river with the
exception of a boat of the same de
sign, which Is S3 feet long and is
equipped with a slxteenhorse-power
three cylinder motor. The new boat,
however, has not entered Into compe
tition with the speed records, although
she Is said to run nearly a mile nn
hour faster than the Skip.
A remarkable feature of motor boat
ing on the Mississippi Is the speed at
tained by boats with little horse pow
er. While the crafts on the Atlantic
coast and the lakes require from fifty
to seventy-flvo horse nower before n
.speed of twenty miles an "hoar can be
attained, none of the fastest boats on
the river' has more than sixteen horse
power and few of them have over
ten. Many of the engines used In the
river craft are of light design, and
while the horse power Is small they
attain n Bpeed of from 800 to 1,000 rev
olutlons per minute.
Motor boating on the Mississippi
has taken a remarkable advance In
IHipularltyJn the last season. Motor
boat clubs have been organized at all
of the smaller towns along the river,
as well as at the cities, and there Is
now a movement on between the clubs
looking toward the organization of a
Mississippi , River motor-boat associa
tion, to Include all of the smaller or
ganizations. Where a couple of years ago there
were a dozen launches in LaCrosse
waters there are .now more than 150,
ranging from the sixteen-foot hunting
scow -to the magnificent fifty-foot cruis
ers of the more wealthy boatmen.
ABOUT THE TAMALE HUSKS.
Xew Indnatrr Developed hy the De
niand for the "lfot Thins;." '
"Do you know," said the tamale fiend
to a Kansas City Times man, "that a
(food part of the profit in the tamale
trade goes to the furiners of Johnson
County, 'Kansas?"
"Oh, shucks !" returned the other.
"Yes, that's just It: .The farmers out
there supply the Kansas City market
with the corn husks the tamales are
wrapped In. and it would surnrl se vnu
to learu the extent of the business. Any
old corn husk won't do for the business,
either. If you'll -look at these you'll
see the texture Is very close, the sur
face smooth and that the lengths are
uniform. Only the Inner husk Is used.
the fine white covering that grows next
to tne ear. The proper length Is about
nine inches, to allow for the ends be
ing folded over the tamale when It Is
steamed, as you see them now."
"Why, who'd go to all that bother
for a dinky little business like this?"
asked the listener Incredulously.
"Bother? ' Dinky? Say, do you know
these corn husks are shipped In here In
COO-poUnd bales? That's quite a re
spectable sized Industry, I take it. At
any rate, the Kansas, farmers have
Annul it profitable enough to eo to the
expense of buying presses to bale the
product and a large agricultural supply
house In Kansas City finds It worth
while to carry It In stock and cater to
the trade of the tamale men."
"What Is the particular advnntnim
of using corn husks for this purpose?"
asKed the listener. "Isn't there any
thing else that would do?"
"Nothing that would answer as many
purposes. The corn husk holds the
tamale while It Is cooked and at the
same time lnuiarts ri flnvnr t it it
Lalso holds the bent as. nothing else
would. '
"Well, It beats me!" said the other
man, as they went on. , "I never gave
it much thought, but always supposed
the tamale men bought up all the old
mattresses to get their corn husks."
Woea of the A ma tear.
Wltey I wouder why the grass
doesn't come up?
Hubby I'm sure I can't tell. You
don't snppose you planted the seeds
upside down, do you?
Hal Hal So Fan nr.
"A firm uptown," said Joakley, "hah
got up something new to enable you to
pick your teeth."
"A new sort of toothpick?" queried
Conkley.
"Well, It's a catalogue showing pho
tographs of the handsome false sets
flMy manufacture." Philadelphia
Press.
As a man gets older, he realizes that
a good deal of his youthful wit was
nothing more than Impudence.
Ragtime, Alonzo, Isn't necessarily th
time to chew the rag.
"What
1 the capacity of your
"About 300 spring hats."
church?"
Life. '
i
Jeweler Shall I engrave the bride's
Initials on the Inside? Fiance Better
say, "For my best belovedi" Fllegende
Blaetter. . -
Miss Mlllyuns ''(rather aged) Will
you love me when I'm old? Brighton
Early (absently) Well, what do you
think I'm doing now?
The Professor's Wife You haven't
kissed me for a- week. The Professor
( absently) Are you sure? Thea who
Is It I have been kissing? Life.
Maggie (calling upstairs) The gas
stove went out, mum. Mistress Well,
light it! Maggie It went out through
the roof, mum. Success Magazine.
De Quiz Have you beard a robin
yet? De Whiz No, but I've seen a
woman with her head tied up in a tow
el beating a carpet In. the back yard.
Judge.
Waiter (who has just served up
some soup) Looks uncommonly like
rnln Sir. Dlnnr Yea hr Invn nnfl
tastes like it, too! Bring me some
thick soup. London Tatler.
"Bllger eloped with his cook, the
unfeeling wretch!" "Well, r don't
know. Why shouldn't he If he wanted
to?" "But his wife was lust going to
give a dinner party." Life.
"The corporation hns resolved at last
to lay out a park for the benefit of the
poor.' "Have the preparations begun?"
"Rather! All the 'Keen Off the Grass'
boards have arrived already." Tlt-
Blts.
"Going to make a garden?" "Not
much." "I thought you were so enthu
siastic on the subject last summer."
v on t you allow n man to learn anv-
thing by experience?" Nashville
American.
Wink He didn't use to dodee his
rich relatives, but he does now. Blnk
Does, eh? And as poor as he Is?
Wink Sure! All his rich relatives'
have bought automobiles. Chicago
Dally News.
Bill I see In a favorable wind a
fox can scent a man at a distance of
one-quarter of a mile. Jill Of course,
ne could scent him farther If the man
happened to be in an automobile.
Yonkers Statesman.
"Beware!" Whlsnered the fortune
teller; "your bitterest enemy , will
shortly cross your path " "Hoo
ray!" cried the man, delightedly; "my
new motor car won't do a thing to
him." Philadelphia Press.
Boston Bill I'm getting wenrv of
this blase, nomadic, peripatetic exist
ence, aren't you, pal? Omaha Red
(after recovering) Why e-r. yer see.
Bill, It never struck me In dat light
before. Is It reallv as bad ns nil rint?
Puck.
"Excuse me for not storming." ex
claimed Little. "I'm In a hurry to get
home." "That's rather unusual," said
Large, "what's the trouble?" "My wife
nas a cold," explained Little, "nnd she
can't speak above a whisper." The
Bohemian.
"The Swelltons seem to keep up an
Imposing establishment." remarked the
canned goods drummer. "You bet they
do," replied the groeeryman, with a
sigh long drawn out, "and I'm one of
the fellows they Impose on." Chicago
Dally News.
"Mamma, Is the old black hen going
to be sent away for the summer?"
"No Tommy; but why do you ask?"
Well I heard nana tell the new eov-
erness that he would take her out rid
ing when he sent the old hen away for
the summer." Harper's Weekly.
"Confound It," cried the angry hus
band, "any old thing appeals to you If
it's only cheap!" His bargain-hunt
ing wife grimly smiled. "Don't for
get," she sarcastically remarked, "that
you yourself are one of my character
istic investments." Cleveland Plain
Dealer.
"What brought you here, my poor
man?" Inquired the prison visitor.
"Well, lady," replied the prisoner, "I
guess my trouble started In attend In'
too many weddln's." "Ah! You learn
ed to drink there, or steal .perhaps?"
No, lady; I was always the bride
groom." Tit-Bits.
"Have you fixed up my will just the
way I told you?" asked the sick man.
who was the possessor of many needy
relatives and some well-to-do but
grasping ones. "I have," asserted the
lawver. "Just na nfrnni mwl tlcht m
you can make it, eh?" asked his cli
ent. The lawyer nodded. "All right,"
said the sick man. "Now I want to
ask you one thing not professionally
who do you think stands the best
chance of getting the property wheq
I'm goner Youth's Companion.
u
Farm Labor.
One of the greatest problems .con-
fronting agriculture la competent farm
help that can be secured at a compen
sation proportionate to the net earn
nigs for the farmer. Manufactures,
mining and railroads furnish employ
ment to a vast number of workers who
are under trained foremen and their
wages are graduated according to the
amount of 'product they can turn out.
Manufacturers and transportation cor
porations are capitalized and the In
vestment Is required to earn a fixed
dividend for the stockholders. The
earnings are expected to exceed the
dividends, operating expenses and fixed
charges to create a surplus fund to
conduct affairs In emergencies and dur
ing panics without stopping dividends.
The farmer is compelled to compete
!n the open market for help to conduct
his agricultural operations. While the
farmer la delighted If his Investment
returns a reasonable profit, he has no
r course If the season's results are con
ducted at a loss. The manufacturer In
timee of financial stringency to protect
stockholders discharges a part of his
force, reduces their wages or runs his
plant on shorter hours. The farmer
can only protect himself from exorbi
tant, wages by the purchase of costly
labor-saving machinery.
The world moves forward and the
higher cost of living, the Increase In
value of farm lands and the higher
prices of agricultural products will not
booh revert to old low standards. The
farmer will not find cheap labor of
fered In the market except by Ineffi
cient employes.
Agriculture is annually becoming
more of a business proposition and the
standard of labor advanced on the
farm. The farm laborer must under
stand modern agricultural machlnepy
andhow to operate It to obtain employ
ment. Machinery Is too expensive to
be trusted with Inexperienced opera
tors, and the man who can skillfully
handle modern farm Implements Is In
demand on the farm at a wage scale
that will compare favorably with the
employes In Industrial enterprises.
Farmers are now practical business
men and the majority of them keep
books on farm operations and know the
amount of their profit and loss annually.-
Farming as a profession is becom
ing more attractive and diversified and
labor .needs to be more skilled to meet
new conditions of agriculture. The In
ducements are potential for young men
t. qualify as farm laborers and the
field offers as brilliant prospects as
any other profession.' The farmer Is
not so much In quest of cheap labor ..s
efficient help and Is willing to pay a
wage scale proportionate to the ability
and proficiency -of the laborer as an up-to-date
farm hand. Goodall's Farmer.
Carrying- a Trunk In Bng-grr.
J- To carry a trunk or any bulky ar
ticle in a small buggy, make a frame
out of two pieces of one and one-half
by two-inch scantlings eight feet long.
N'all a board across the ends as shown
In A of the accompanying Illustration.
Place the free ends beneath the seat
and under the foot rest In front, letting
the frame extend behind the buggy. The
trunk or box, explains Prairie Farmer,
can then be placed on the end of the
frame behind the seat of the buggy. It
should be tied on.
Basra Varlonalr Preaerved.
Eggs are preserved in many other
ways besides cold storage. Often the
preservative Is effected by excluding
the air by coating, covering or Immers
ing the eggs, some material or solu
tion being used which may or may not
be a germicide. An old domestic meth
od Is to pack the eggs In oats, bran or
salt; another consists In covering the
eggs with lime water, which may or
may not contain salt In Germany
sterilization Is effected by placing In
boiling water frWtwelve to fifteen sec
onds. Sometimes they are treated to a
HOW TO CABBY THE TBUNK.
solution of alum or salicylic acid. Oth
er methods' consist in varnishing with
a solution of permanganate of potash,
varnishing with collodion or shellac;
packing In peat dust, preserving In
wood ashes, treating with a solution -of
boric add and water glass, Tarnishing
with vaseline, preserving in. lime wa
ter, preserving In a solution of water
glass. . The lust Three methods have
proved Most successful. Infertile eggs
will keep much better than fertile eggs
by any manner of preservation.
New Farm Prodneta.
Alfalfa was an unknown crop a few
years ugo. Now It is one of the most
reliable and profitable of Texas crops.
It has not been long since the onion
was produced only In a few short rows
for family use. Now the onion crop is
one of Texas' best advertisements. The
effort to raise for the market me
dicinal plants began with one enter
prising citizen of Grayson County only
a few years ago. Now this line Is be
ing taken up Hiid will be carried on for
all It Is worth. The list Is growing,
longer, and the prices of cotton and
other farm products are better than
they used to l, nnd the man with the
hoe Is growing more Independent. The
sugar beet Is now being tested. Colo
rado holds first place In the production
of beet sugar In the Uliited States,
with 422,732,530 pounds of sugar from
135,300,366 acres, while Michigan and
California are closely matched for sec
ond place, producing Hi5.000.000 and
164.000,000 pounds, respectively. The
sugar beet crop In this country last
year brought $4,500,000.
The present year will be an Impor
tant season for experiments with the
sugar beet In Texas. Let the tests be
mnde under as good conditions as pos
sible. There is really no doubt as to
the results In localities where the soil
Is of the right density and quality.
Lands that produce fine crops of beets
of the ordinary variety or the "biggest
turnips In the world" are quite sure to
break a few records In sugar beets If
given a falr'test.-MJalveston News.
Improved Chicken Coop.
The diagram 'shows a convenient way
to make a coop for the poultry yard,
of which the special feature Is Its door.
Procure a box of the right dimension
and saw a bole, d, In one end. Then
strengthen the box with narrow strips
of wood, b c, on each side of the hole.
HINOELESS D00B FOB A O0OP.
b c. This acts as a groove for the
door, a, to slide In. Thus you have a
sliding door, which opens and shuts
with the greatest ease. The front of
the coop Is Inclosed with lath, or nar
row strips, placed 2 to 3 Inuhes
apart The top should be covered with
a good grade of roofing paper to make
it waterproof. A coop of this sort
should be 2 to 2U feet long. 16 Inches
deep and not less than- 20 Inches -high.
while 2 feet would be better. Richan'
Moncure, In Farm and Home.
v Farm Hlnta.
The horse Is man's best friend, there
fore he Is deserving of a friend's treat
ment Don't forget that the barnyard ma
ure Is the best all-round fertilizer von
can obtain.
Pasture makes the ch en nest ho fowl
on the farm and clover makes the best
hog pasture. ;
Don't let money act as a nadlock a
your heart and Bhut In all the kindness
and happiness.
The animal that has a full, bright
eye is apt to be healthy. And a moist
nose Is another indication of health.
Talk over with the good h'fnionrM.
all the undertakings of the farm. She
will havo some good advice to offer.
The burning of straw and stnika
cept In special cases, Is a wasteful prac
tice and has no place hi Judicious farm
ing- '
Every farm should have a nalr or
scales. It Is the only wav tnr h
farmer to know exactly where he
stands In hla buying and selling.
Farm machinery put In repair before
the busy season opens means mnnpv in
the pocket .When It Is put away la
cue ran is a Deuer time for repairing.
The man who keeps his tronhia.
himself Is better thought of than he
who burdens his neighbors wlrh tm
The neighbors have their own troubles
to uninK aoouu
Little things on the farm amount to
as much in the end as thev dn i
other business, yet the farmer as a rule)
aoes not pay as much attention to de.
talis a doea tl city business man.