The Evolution of
Household Remedies.
The modern patent medicine busi
ness is the natural outgrowth of the
eld-time household remedies.
In the early history of thi country.
EVEEY FAMILY HAD ITS HOME
MADE MEDICDTES. Herb teas,
bitters, laxatives and tonics, were to be
found in almost every house, compound
ed by the housewife, sometimes assisted
by the apothecary or the family doctor
Such remedies as picra, which wat
aloes and quassia, dissolved in apple
brandy. Sometimes a hop tonic, made
of whiskey, hops and bitter barks. A
core or more of popular, home-made
remedies were thus compounded, the
formulae for which were passed along
from house to house, sometimes written,
sometimes verbally communicated.
The patent medicine business is a
natural outgrowth from this whole
some, old-time custom. In the begin
ning, some enterprising doctor, im
pressed by the usefulness of one of
these home-made remedies, would take
it up, improve it in many ways, manu
facture it on a large scale, advertise it
mainly through almanacs for the home,
and thus it would become used over a
large area. LATTERLY THE HOUSE
HOLD REMEDY BUSDTES3 TOOK
A MORE EXACT AKD SCLEOTIFIC
FORM.
Feruna was originally one of these
iM-iiiue remedies. It was used by the
Kennonites, of Pennsylvania, before it
was offered to the public for sale. Dr.
Hartman, THE ORIGINAL COM
FOUBDER OF PEEUHA, is of Men
aoaite origin. First, he prescribed it
for his neighbors and his patients.
The sale of it increased, and at last ha
established a manufactory and fur
nished it to the general drug trade.
Feruna is useful in a great many
climatic ailments, such as coughs, colds,
tore throat, bronchitis, and catarrhal
diseases generally. THOUSANDS OF
FAMILIES HAVE LEARNED THE
USE OF FEEUHA and its value in the
treatment of these ailments. They
have learned to trust and believe in
Dr. Hartman's judgment, and to rely
on his remedy, Feruna.
Not Attracted.
"Are you Mme. Bombaiino, the beau
ty specialist?" asked the fair caller.
"Yea, ma'am," answered the elderly,
square-jawed matron. "What can I do
for you?"
"Nothing V aald tbt caller, making;
hasty exit.
afaltlasr Start.
"I am flad to hear, Miss Bertha, that
ou have decided to become a part of the
church militant."
"Why, I haren't font so far aa that
yet, doctor, but I'm to be sr a part at
the church social."
The curioua fact la noted by Prot
Lamdain of Breslau that careful meas
urements of the intensity of graritation
In different parts of the globe ahow this
to be greater on islands than on conti
nents. The one hundredth anniversary of the
opening of the port of Rio de Janeiro,
Brasil, to international commeroe ia to
be celebrated in that city next year by a
national exhibition of industrial, pastoral
nd art products, from June 15 to Sept. 7.
Uacle Jerry. ,
"Speak-In" of these here State charita
ble ins'tutlons," remarked Uncle Jerry
Peeblea, "I reckon they ain't aa black aa
they're painted nor as white as they're
whitewashed."
Fllllns a Need.
"Mister" whined the small urchin,
as be Bhlvered from head to foot, "It
Ib so bitter cold. C-cau't yer spare me
a nickel?"
"Yea, my boy," replied the benevo
lent old gentleman as be opened his
purse and fished out the. coin.
"Thanks, mister."
"And now I suppose you are going
to buy fuel with it?"
"Nope! An ice-cream soda."
The
General Demand
of the Well-informed of the World has
always been for a simple, pleasant
and efficient liquid laxative remedy of
known value; a laxative which physi
cians could sanction for family use
because its component parts are
known to them to be wholesome and
truly beneficial ia effect, acceptable
to the system and gentle, yet prompt,
In action.
In supplying that demand with its
excellent combination of Syrup of
Figs and Elixir of Senna, the Cali
fornia Fig Syrup Co. proceeds along
ethical lines and relies on the merits
of the laxative for its remarkable
success. x
That is one of many reasons why
Syrup of Figs and Elixir of Senna I
given the preference by the Well
informed. To get its beneficial effects
always buy the genuine manufac
tured by the California Fig Syrup Co.,
only, and for sale by all leading
' druggist. Price fifty cents per bottle.
PORTLAND CEMENT.
ingredients Necessary In the Manu
facture of This Product.
Br J. Shirley Jones. Chemist, Idaho Experiment
Button. Moscow.
From time to time the members of
the experiment station staff are asked
for information concerning the proper
ties, composition, and methods of man
ufacture of Portland cement. These
inquiries are usually answered by the
station chemist. Below is given a typi
cal letter of inquiry on this subject,
and following it is the reply given by
the station chemist.
Welser, Ida., Feb. 28, 1008.
I would like to know the ingredient
and process of making Portland cement.
Is the body of clay or soapstone? I
think I have the raw material. , PleaBe
answer and oblige. A. W.
A great deal of time and labor have
been spent by varioas chemists in in
vestigating the composition and prop
erties of Portland cement The con
clusions drawn from these investiga
tions are not alway concordant, bnt no
one diesi'nbj from the view that the
essential ingredients of this kind of ce
ment are lime, silica and alumina.
Other elements are always present,
however, among them being magnesia,
soda, potash, iron, phosphorus, man
ganese, titanium, etc. According to
Meade, good cements vary considerably
in composition, but the three import
ant ingredienst will run about as fol
lows: Lime, 58 to 67 per cent; silica,
10 to 25 per cent; alumina, 6 to 10 per
cent; and magnesia ia allowable to the
extent of 3 to 5 per cent.
The raw materials from which Port
land oement is manufactured are classi
fied as argillaceous and calcareous.
Some common forms of the first are
clay, shale, and slate, and of the latter
limestone, marl and chalk. In these
two classes of raw materials are found
all the ingredients necessary in the
manufacture of Portland cement. In
the iron regions of Pennsylvania, how
ever, blast furnace slag is made to re
place the clay or shale. From what
ever source the raw materials are ob
tained, the cement manufacturer must
see that they are so mixed that the
product of calcination contains the im
portant compounds mentioned above in
the proportions that experience has
taught are the ones necessary in a good
cement. It becomes almost imperative
then that the chemical composition oi
the raw materials should be known.
Although the writer is not personally
acquainted with the limestone regions
cf this state, it appears that there are
at least two localities in Northern Ida
ho where limestone is found In abund
ance, and since day la also present, at
least in spots, in the same district,
there seems to be good reason for be
lieving that in the future a great deal
of the Portland cement used in this
state will be made at home. '
Of Interest to Farmers,
The following publications of interest
to farmers and others have been Issued
by the Agricultural department of the
Federal government and will be furn
ished free, so long as they are availa
ble, except where otherwise noted, up
on application to the Superintendent
of Documents, Government Printing
Office. Washington, D. C:
Bulletin No. 100. Report of Irriga
tion Investigations in California, under
the direction of .El wood Mead, expert
in charge. Pp. 411, pis. 20, figs. 16.
Price, paper, 00 cents; cloth, $1.25.
Ibis report deals with investigation
carried on during the summer of 1000
in cooperation with the California
Water and Forest Association. In ad
dition to a review of the agricultural
situation In the state, it presents a
comprehensive discusion of the water
laws and customs under which irriga
tion is practiced in California as typi
fied by the conditions in Honey Lake
basin and on Yuba river, Caohe creek,
Salinas river, San Joaquin river, Kings
river, Loe Angeles river, Sweetwater
tiver and San Jacinto river. Ik de
scribes the methods and means by
which water . is diverted from these
streams and used for irrigation and the
indefinite and excessive appropriations
of water and the resulting litigation,
and discusses the evils resulting from
absence of state control of streams.
Bulletin No. 105. Irrigation in the
United States. Testimony of El wood
Mead, irrigation expert in charge, be
fore the United States Industrial com
mission, June 11 and 12, 1001. Pp.
47, pis. 12, fig. 1. Price 15 cents. The
statement made before the Industrial
commission deals chiefly with the legal
status of irrigation, touching on state
control, national aid to irrigation, and
tne disposal of the public grazing lands.
The necessity and possibility of storage
are also duwuaaed.
Bulletin No. 133. Report of Irriga
tion Investigations for 1902, under the
direction of Elwood Mead, chief of irri
gation investigation, office of experi
ment stations. Pp. 266, pis. 12, figs.
16. Price 25 cents. This bulletin
gives the result of the fourth season's
investigations of the problems of irri
gation, the results obtained in similar
investigations in previous years being
reported in Bulletins 86,-104 and 110.
of this offioe noted above. .
Causae Fwaapklsu
Peel the pumpkin, cat late plaoaa and
eever with eeilimg water, stew nntU
vary taster, then rub taroogh a calen
dar. Return te the fire. brUu te a hard
Ul - aa taat J aUI. W-.ll '
lac, til the verflewui a Jars aad
To Pit the Crime.
"I reckon I'm sullty, y honor," enuf
fled the leathery faced old varabound who
bad been run in for drunkenness and gen
eral wortblesaness, "but it ain't my
fault."
"Whose fault la it?" inquired the police
justice.
"It's the fault o' my brother-in-law an'
my sister-in-law. They won't let me live
with 'em any more. When a feller's In
laws goes back on 'im, y'r honor, he
cain't help bein' a outlaw."
"Six months in the workhouse I" roared
the police justice.
Abseaeo of Hlad.
Exhausted by the labor of .rn;. ,.
furniture out of the building, the mairT
wnose aweiiing was ablaze from cellar to
jarret mechanically rolled a cigaroot and
turned to one of the firemen.
"Have you got a match?" he panted.
"A match?" growled the fireman. "If
you want to light that thing go and toncb
it to your house !"
There Is more Catarrh in this section of the
country than allotner diseases put together
and until tbe last few rears was supposed to be
Incurable. For a great many y-ars d.'ctnir,
pronounced Its looal di-ease and prescribed
local remedies, and by constantly faillnv to
cure with local treatment, pronounced it In
curable. Science has pro. en catarrh to be a
constitutional disease and therefore requires
constr utional treatment. II all's Catarrh i :ire
manufactured by F. J. Chenev & Co., Toledo,
Ohio, la the only constitutional cure on ti e
market. It Is taken internally In doses from 10
drop; to a teaspoonfuL It acts directly on tbe
blood and mucous surface of the avstein
They offer one hundred dollars tor any case it
fails to cure. Send lor circulars and testi
monials. jkSd,I51f : Tr ' C,HE;EY 4 CO., Toledo, Ohio.
Bold by Druktlsta, 7Se. '
Take Hall's Family Pills for constipation.
A Delicate Task.
"TLe' nenpuMjrM," said tbe orator
solemnly, "do not tell the truth."
"Perhaps not," answered the editor
regretfully. "We do our best; but, you
know, there is nothing more difficult
than to tell the truth In a way that
won't put It up to some one to chal
lenge your veracity." Washington
Star.
Cls-laa- aa Illnstratlost.
Voice (over the telephone) "Profes
sor, I am getting up a special article for
one of tbe illustrated weekly papers on
The Value of the Comparatively Unim
portant.' Please tell me, for instance, one
of your methods of saving your odds and
ends of time, by which you are enabled to
do so much work without having to
hurry."
The Professor "Always omitting the
'good-by' when using the telephone."
(Hangs up receiver.)
A new desk and office convenience is
a tool for removing rusty or corroded
pena from the holder. Most persons who
work at a desk have experienced more or
less difficulty in this connection, and very
often the fingers are cut with the sharp
edges of the pen or soiled with rust and
ink. This clever device baa handlea like
pliers, by closing which tbe pen is grip
ped and then drawn out by a small trig-cer-like
lever operated by the forefinger.
Free Coaseat of the People.
The "pioneer American Democrat"
was the Rev. Thomas Hooker of Con
necticut, who, In a sermon In Hartford
In the year 1633, said, "The founda
tion of all authority is firstly laid in
the free consent of tbe people." There,
in embryo, were the Revolution and
the great republic. In the "Funds
mental Orders of Connecticut," Inspired
by Hooker and adopted "at Hartford In
1688, we have the first written consti
tution known to history that created
a government. And that government
was as near a perfect democracy as
the world haa ever seen. New York
American,
Naming tbe Tisrer.
On the overthrow of the monarchy
of Loula Philippe a Sunday crowd vis
ited the Jardin des Plantes and was
amazed to fiud the fine specimen of the
Bengal tiger still bearing the label of
"Le Tlgre Royal." Nothing would
serve the furious crowd but that at
once on tbe spot the authorities should
change the name to "Le Tlgre Nation
al," and they did. London Academy.
I For the
Children
To succeed these days you
must have plenty of grit, cour
age, strength. How is It with
the children ? Are they thin,
pale, delicate ? Do not forget
Ayer's Sarsaparilla. You
know it makes the blood pure
and rich, and builds up the
general health in every way.
. The children cannot possibly ban m.A
health nnl... th hn.1. Irm i I awed
Jlon. Asluaalsh liver rive, a eiateStow.-
Wis. All Y.e?eUbl.( sugar Wted?"
Ajsr's
9 Hire vtnna
W Q ClttliKY PECTORAL
PUTNAM
&rfia ?!?.rn1 tats colon) than anv other dva. Ona loo eackaa-a
f S'JACOBS OIL
f CONQUERS
PAIN
ZSoAU DRUGGlSTS-GOo.
No Privileges.
The business agent stuck bis head in
side the shop door. A solitary man was
at work.
"What are you doing here?" he de
manded. "Don't you know this Is a holi
day r
"Not for me," answered the solitary
man, without looking up from his work.
"I'm the boss.",.
Her Generoaltr.
He I wish that you were poor, so
that you would be willing to marry
me.
She Evidently I am far more gener
ous than you. I wish you were rich,
so that I might be willing to marry
you.
Every case of Rheumatism has its origin and its development in the
Wood. It is not a disease which is contracted like a cold, but it is in the
blood and system before a pain is felt, and the changes in the weather or
any physical irregularities, such as a spell of indigestion, bowel disturbance,
etc., are merely the exciting causes producing the pains and acbes, which
are the natural symptoms of the disease. Rheumatism is caused by an
excess of uric acid and other corrosive, irritating poisons in the blood, which
are carried through the circulation to every part of the system. Every
muscle, nerve, membrane, tissue and joint becomes saturated with these
acrid, irritating impurities, or coated with fine, insoluble caustic matter
and the sharp, piercing pains or the dull, constant aches are felt with every
physical movement. When the blood is filled with uric acid poison, perma
nent relief cannot be expected from liniments, plasters, or other external
treatment. Such measures eive temoorarv relief Hilt in trAfr tn pahhm..
T? Ii ... n f I m. Y; 1 1 .
.wvuiuauoui auu Ul ttUlJUb a
complete cure, the uric acid and
other inflammatory matter must be
expelled, and this cannot be done
with external treatment. S. S. S.
cures Rheumatism because it is a
perfect and entirely vegetable blood
purifier. It goes down into the
circulation, neutralizes the acids,
arid dissolves the irritating depos
its which are pressing on the sensi
tive nerves and tissues and produc
ing pain, enriches the weak, sour
blood, and removes every atom of
impurity from the circulation. So
instead of being a weak, sonr
stream, distributing uric acid to the
different parts of the system, the
blood is strong and healthy and
therefore able to supply every mus
cle, nerve, bone and tissue with nourishment and strength. Then the inflam
mation and swelling subside, the pains and aches cease, and not only is
Rheumatism permanently cured, but under the fine tonic effects of S. S. S.
the entire general health is benefitted and built up. In all forms of Rheuma
tism, whether acute or chronic, S. S. S. will be found a safe and reliable treat
ment. Special book on Rheumatism and any medical advice you desire will
be furnished free. THE SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., ATLANTA, GA.
anly prices, for nrrrtT? 1 1 8
SHOES AT ALL
PRICES, FOR EVERY
MEMBER OFTHrriMIIV
MEN, BOYS, WOMEN, MISSES AND CHILDREN,
ftgp V L, Oouplmm tnmkmm mud mom "Eifl
Ihmn stnr of ef mmnufmoturm In thm ,. ,
B&wpi-ld, buqmuxm ihmy hold thmlf'A
mhmpm. fit sVesffau, area lonfimr, mnd
ECF" "r mfmrmmtmr vmlum ihmn mny olhmr aqrei
aAooa In thm nr-ld Im-dm. tfWB
W. L Douglas $4 and $5 Gilt dge Shoes Cannot
- 1A trrrioW. w. L. Diujlu name and price Is stamped on bottom. Take fin sinhetltute.
Bom tij the best shoe dealers eTerjrwbera. Shoes nuulrrl from faitory to any part ot tlia world. Illus
trated Cauioe free to anv addrese. W. I- UUllO L.A.H, U roc k Lu b, MaaeT
It positive proof of th reliability and confidence our pa
tients have In us. Specialists always In attendance,
awaring prompt and courteous; attention. Lady attend
ant alway a preaent.
Reliable Painless Dentists. Oar reputation for
reliability and thoroughness) ia well established. Cleanli
ness, Good Work and Quick Service.
"AND IT DIDN'T HURT A BIT M
Painless Extraction, SO cents. Extraction Prat
when platea or bridgca arc ordered. Plates $f and up.
Beat Plate Work- Per haw your teeth have become
ao uacleaa that it ia im possible to firmly act s s bridge.
Thea the old ttumpe are removed without causing you the
lightest pain, and a plate la fitted. If tbe plate fits per
fectly it will look well and perform Ita work of maatlcating
your food satisfactorily. With my to yeare' experience in
th). work will guarantee iatisf action Id every case.
Crown and B rid re Work. It'i a ahamt to apoll
your personal appearance and ruin your digest ion from
the lack of teeth to properly maaticate your food, when a
bridge can be supplied that will cauae do discomfort what-
W.A.WISEff?
hUNI SUILMNi, THUS aNS WUNINtTON, PORTLAND, tUMN
FADELESS DVFS
FOR 8T1FFNE8S, SORENESS, 8PRAIN OR BRUISH,
NOTHINQ IS BETTER THAT YOU CAN USE J
LUMBAGO'S PAIN, RHEUMATIC TWINGE,
YOUR BACK FEELS LIKE A RUSTY HINOE
SCIATIC ACHES ALL PLEASURES SPOIL,
FOR HAPPINESS USE ST. JACOBS OIL. '
MOTEL MOORE
JlJ OPEN AL.L THE YEAR
i U Clatsop Beach Seaside, Oreson
THC Directly oa the beach overlooking
B,fc the itr..n. H.t k-.i.-
CLIFF HOUSE rtbetblne;. Keerce-
nc Baa parlors. JUeetrlo light. Flre
" Place and steam heat. Fine walks
OREGON" f".1 drl"- ,ooda P'
""'UM laity. Rates, UM n
per day. W Special rates bf the week.
Bsssa vAiii J. huuuk. Proprietor
FNU
No. 1508
w
HEN writing to advertisers pleas I
saj sj ii i 1 1 n tnii paper I
CURES
RHEUMATISM
1
Sometime sgo, I had Rheumatism and had to I
huh wura. i at pain in my Baca and between
my shoulders was so Intense I could not rest or
sleep. I tried everything, but nothing did me any
good till I heard of and took S. S. S. This med
icine cured me sound and well. It purmed my
blood and made ma (eel like a new man.
CONRAD LOHR,
Anderson, Ind. 12a E. 19th St
I was severely troubled with Rheumatism. I
had it in my knees, legs and ankles, and any one
who has ever had Rheumatism knows how excru
ciating the pain is and how it interferes with one
at T7ork. I was truly in bad shape having been
bothered with it for ten years, off and on. A
local physician advised me to use 8. S. S. I did
so. After taking two bottles I noticed the sore
ness and pain were greatly reduced. I continued
the medicine and was thoroughly cured; all pain,
soreness and inflammation gone. I recommend
S. S. S. to all Rheumatic sufferers.
, T. L. AGITEW.
SOS E. Greenbrier St,
lit.
, Vernon, Ohio.
Be Equalled At Ant Price
III PORTLAND
DOING WORK FOR
THE BEST PEOPLE
ever, will chew your food properly and thoroughly,
while your looks sr. Improved beyond description.
A hollow tooth ihst is now useless can be filled and
crowned so Ihst It Is saved for probably a lifetime,
To seenre tbe best results you mast secsrs lbs
highest grade of skill.
Examination free and Invited. When desired yoa
can have T. t. Wise or my personal arnica.
Our force la so organised that we can do
your entire Crown, Bridge and Plata Work
la a day If necessary.
1(0 PIATE5
-nior. .uv ....
E)
ED fM
bow tS iy, buactojiid ra0,U,W11U- or w. will .end j1 t.
lOo a package. Wrtt for tree) booUal