f
iibou mm leader
Cr.SOUlE. PaUMMr
TOLEDO.,
.OREGON
Secretary Wllion can always look to
the fertile field and find something to
be optimistic over.
Mr. Rockefeller has been making bli
Will. We trust that be bequeathed the
earth to the people who reside on It
The Increased cost of telegraph mes
sages will make the average woman
more afraid than ever to open one of
them.
The author of "Florodora" is dead,
but the original sextet will be making
rich and racy reading matter years
from now.
It may interest the man who has to
relight his cigar erery thirty seconds
to learn that the match trust cleared
(300,000 last year.
The scientific name of the green bug
that threatens the wheat crop Is toxop
tera granlnum. Take It home and try
It on your graphapbone.
When the average man reads In tbe
stock market column of the paper the
Statement that "money la easy," be
can't help feeling that It must be a mis
print Those who pretend to know say that
only 9 per cent of the kisses are laden
with disease germs. Who wouldn't
take a chance under such circum
stances? A Cleveland woman Is suing for di
vorce because her husband won't let
her read the newspapers. Why doesn't
she compromise by letting him tear out
the baseball page?
Tom Law son Is salcj to have made
12,600,000 the other day by not buying
a copper mine. We refrain from buy
lug copper mines every day In the year
without gaining anything by It
Mexico has been badly shaken by an
earthquake, but luckily It does not ap
pear that the people down there are
going to need any help In the way of
money which may be pocketed by graft
ers. ' A Boston newspaper recently con
tained tbe following headline: "Eye
and Juice Boards After Knowledge Box
Trimmings." If that doesn't remove
your doubts about Boston's Intellectual
superiority, nothing ever will.
Tbe worst feature of the advance In
telegraph rates Is that the good news
and the bad news will continue to cost
the same. A private telegram telling
about a slump In stocks will cost the
same ss the announcement of tbe death
of a rich uncle.
Consternation was caused all over
tbe English-reading world not long ago
by the report that the Valparaiso earth
quake had destroyed Juan Fernandez,
Robinson Crusoe's Island. Tbe terrible
rumor has been denied authoritatively
by the secretary of the Royal Geo
graphical Society.
Mothers and other humnne persons
will agree with the remarks of a lec
turer in the Harvard Medical School,
who said the other day, In speaking
of the persons who had asked him
whether It Is worth while to save the
lives of diseased babies, "I reply that
no baby ought to die. It is the brain
which, after all, does the work, better
or less well, according to the physical
development We cannot Judge before
hand at birth what the individual may
become later."
This sacrosanct attitude of the min
ister no longer goes with the people.
The man who adopts It is as far be
hind his time as if he wrote his ser
mon with a quill 'pen and dried the
Ink on it with sand. The successful
clergyman no longer lives in bis pulpit
and meets his people solely at the Fri
day evening prayer meeting. He comes
down from hi pedestal and mingles
with men. If they find he Is of the
same clay with themselves, If he has
land human experiences himself and
has been made wiser and broader and
more tolerant by the evil and the suf
fering with which his calling naturally
brings him Into contact, they put a
high value on his words, quite as much
from the fact that be is an every-day
man as that he has "reverend" before
his name.
Tbe migration of Japanese to Korea
is s&ld to be going on at the rats of
B.000 or 200 a month. Tbe islanders
who cross tbe strait to ths peninsula
are men of the kind who would be
most useful to Japan in case of trouble
with ths Koreans. They are making
their impress, deep and strong, upon
the less advanced and feebler people
among whom they live. Meanwhile
ths Japan projects which deal with
Dm fortification f strategic garrison
points In Korea and tbe grldlroning of
the country with railroads and mili
tary highways go forward steadily.
Every such extension of Japanese
power and sovereignty means another
step toward the time when Japan will
be prepared to announce and enforce,
as to eastern Asia, a sort of new Mon
roe doctrine Asia for the Asiatics.
That physical fatigue Is not necessar
ily a cure for mental fatigue Is the
conclusion which is gradually being
reached by a good many people who
used to hold tbe affirmative of the
proposition. So learned and weighty
a body as tbe British Association for
th Advancement of Science is now dis
posed to admit that a man is not likely
to recuperate his brain by overworking
his muscles. This looks like enlighten
ment In Epgland and to a smaller ex
tent in this country the doctrine has
been preached and pretty generally ac
cepted that a man who is fagged out
mentally ought to fag himself out phy
sically as a means of recuperation. The
proposition has not been put in that
form, but that has been the purport of
It Are you mentally played out? Go
and tire yourself out physically by row
ing a boat or riding a bicycle or play
ing tennis or even by sawing wood.
This has been the formula. There is
a homeopathic flavor td it Yet Hahne
mann never intended the theory of
slmlHa slmlllbus curantur to apply to
such a matter. It Is doubtful whether
the physical culturlsts themselves did
either. In truth the gospel of exercise
fur 11m fcuka of exercise Is Ui result
of a msapprehension by those who
preach It So long as exercise Is re
creation it Is a remedy for mental fa
tigue. The moment that It becomes
work that, moment it aggravates In
stead of relieving the strain upon the
brain. Exercise enthusiasts saw that
In certain cases athletic sports bene
fited weary brain workers, and they
jumped at the conclusion that It was
the physical activity that caused the
good results. In truth It was not the
exercise (except in a small degree) but
the sense of recreation, the entire
change of occupation, that did the
work. It was taking the mind from
one task and putting it at another and
easier one that gave relief. And that
Is the secret of all true recreation. A
man may divert himself by diverting
his thoughts into new channels. The
lawyer may take his recreation in col
lecting butterflies, the banker may take
his in playing penuchle, the physician
may go In for amateur theatricals. In
all three cases the result will be bet
ter than if the lawyer and the doctor
and the banker, having no taste for
athletics, go to a gymnasium and dog
gedly put In a certain time every day
tiring out their muscles. Tiring tbe
muscles does not rest the brain. The
British association manifests wisdom
in repudiating the exercise fetich. Ex
ercise In moderation and In its proper
place is a good thing. But exhaustion
never cured exhaustion.
STUDIES LOBSTER'S HABITS.
Dlfflenlty French Professor Had to
Secure lomi Sea TVXir,
A distinguished French scientist, a
professor in a Paris university, who
was studying tbe habits of the lobster,
decided that Inasmuch as the habitat
of the lobster was the salt water of the
ocean It would be necessary to get some
sea water for proper experimentation.
Sea water, a few barrels of old ocean,
was required, but In France, where all
things are beneficially regulated by a
paternal and solicitous government, It
was necessary to get the permission of
the minister of finance or, as we
should say, the federal treasury depart
ment to transport sea water from the
ocean to the Interior. For Is not the
sea salty and is not the production of
salt a source of revenue and might not
the professor wish to extract two tea
spoonfuls of salt?
The application went to the ministry,
where a subordinate official was
charged with tbe duty of looking Into
the standing of the petitioner. There
was a voluminous correspondence on
the subject The petition was referred
to many bureaus and finally with a
favorable recommendation to the chief
of the department, who Instantly re
solved that It would be necessary to
inquire why the professor wished to
transport sea water.
Weeks passed and another Inspector
made a favorable report The petition
er received a tremendous report elab
orately swathed In red tape and Inci
dentally official extracts from that part
of the penal code relating to the salt
monopoly. After months of waiting
the professor was empowered to fill
several casks with sea water at a par
ticular point where another official Is
sued to him a permit for the transpor
tation of the water Into the Interior of
Franc.
Lobsters ar so called because of
their awkwardness, stupidity, Inepti
tude, slowness.
WU Olrl.
"Why did yon turn him down?"
"He said If I would marry him he
would never go away and Jeare tat
alone." Houston Post
W- "k J IS i aw --v 1
Shad 7 Watering Tron-h.
The writer may be a crank on the
summer care of animals, but at least
he knows that It pays well to look out
for their comfort during the heated
spell. Knowing the luxury of 9 drink
of cool water In warm weather an in
telligent man realizes that an animal
will enjoy Its water much more If it
is In a shady place where It is cool
and where also there may be a little
shade for the animal while It is drink
ing. Only in some sections do we find
the old-time drinking trough hewn
from a log than which nothing better
has ever been devised.
On most farms it will not be at all
hard to find a corner shaded by trees
or vines where this troueh may be lo
cated. Oftentimes an old tree will
serve as a hitching post near tbe
trough and a light chain or tie rope
hitched to the lower branches of the
LOO WATEimo TROUGH.
tree to hold the horse while drinking
If Its owner wishes to leave it a few
minutes. By a little care In the set
ting of the trough so that the lower
back corner Is 'tilted away from the
side at which the horse approaches the
trough the overflow may be readily
conducted away from the trough and
tbe wet stamping place avoided. A
good plan is to dig out the soil for a
foot in the Bpot where the horse
would stand while drinking and fill it
with coarse gravel which would surely
do away with the' wet spots. Indian
apolis News.
The Early Frnits and Vegetables.
Ground Intended for onions should
be plowed as early as the weather will
permit, as the onion crop Is the first to
go In. One method of producing onions
Is to sow tbe seeds In hotbeds and
transplant the small bulbs later. The
seeds may be sown In the hotbeds in
January or February. By thus grow
ing them there is a saving of time and
less difficulty with weeds. If prefer
red, the onion sets may be procured
of seedsmen. In fact, onion sets should
now be in the ground. Plant the sets
In rows, placing them four inches apart
in the rows. The rows may be suffi
ciently wide to permit of the use of a
wheel hoe. It is important to keep the
grass from between the onions as well
as to have the space between the rows
clean. Onions can endure frost, and
will start to grow almost as soon as
planted.
Rape (or Sheep.
Every farmer who keeps sheep
should try rape this year, if only on
S small plot, so as to learn how It
grows and what it Is worth. Get the
dwarf Essex variety, plant It In drills
and begin to use it as soon as it Is
well grown. It will grow again after
being cut It may be planted In April,
ven later. Sow it In rows or broad
cast It Those who sow It for sheep
broadcast It over the field and turn the
sheep on it at any stage of growth de
sired. It is now considered Indispensa
ble to all who keep sheep, but, as it is
also relished by other stock, it will be
found serviceable In providing a suc
culent food late In tbe season after
grass is gone. It Is also excellent for
all kinds of poultry.
Breeding; Sows,
Breeds of swine have been injured to
a certain degree by using animals for
breeding purposes that were not fully
matured. Experiments made with ma
tured sows and young sows show that
the cost of raising pigs from matured
sows Is much Jess than from younger
dams, while tbe losses of pigs were
also much greater when the dams
were young. It has been claimed that
liability to swine cholera and other
diseases Is likewise caused by the use
of Immature animals for breeding pur-
poses.
Is
Conttnaons Corn Cnltare.
In the spring of 1804, at the Rhode
Island experiment station, Professors
G. E. Adams and II. J. Wheeler began
the study of the continuous culture of
corn on an acre of soil that is partly
a slit loam and partly a light sandy
loam. In the first two years only chem
ical fertilizers were used, the main
tenance of soil humus being placed
upon the corn stubble remaining upon
the field. The following two years
half of the area was sown with crim
son clover at the time of the last cul
tivation of corn and half to rye, In
order to compare the merits of a legu
minous and nonlegumlnous crop as a
means of maintaining soil humus.
Beginning with 1893, after the ex
periment was In progress four years,
the first quarter of the acre plat was
sown to crimson clover and the third
quarter to winter rye at the time of
the last cultivation of the corn, while
the second and fourth quarter acre re
ceived no clover crop. In 1809 the
land was limed to secure the success of
clover.
A summary of the results during the
tTvcIve years the experiment has been
conducted shows the gain from using
clover as a cover crop, after deducting
tbe cost of the seed, was $50.24, or an
average of $4.19 per acre annually,
compared with $4.28, or an average of
30 cents an acre annually from using
rye.
Alfalfa Seed Testing-.
Directions are elven bv the Terns
station for testing the purity of alfalfa
seed and the weed seeds frequently
found In It, together with seeds some
times used as its adulterants, such as
bur clover and sweet clover, are de
scribed. In 1905 the station tested thlrtv-
two samples of alfalfa seed obtained
from tbe wholesale houses of the
State. In these samples thirty differ
ent weed seeds were found. The ner-
centage of sand, trash and broken seed
varied from 0 to 20 Der cent Testlncr
the vitality of the seed is also describ
ed. The results secured with the thirty-two
samples showed their vitality
or germinating power to vary from
4U.o to 96.5 per cent, the greater num
ber having a vitality of over 80 rr
cent. The actual values of the seed
samples In percentages varied from
39.0 to 96. The results in detail
given In a table.
Vermin-Proof Roost.
Get 'as vertical supports Iron nlnoa
two feet long, cut Jam tins In half sim
ilar to the illustration. Place kerosti
and water In the tins. The perches
suoum not come within six Inches of
tbe walls. Then the red mite (ear-
eoptes) or tick Is held at bay. Lime
washing the house is not necessary,
says J. A. C. F wrltlnir from rinn
Victoria, Australia. In our country in
stead of using dropping boards roofing
felt in sheets Is used. It folds easily,
does not rot, prevents the floor from
being hollowed cheaD. everlnaHn
Trap nests of any, sort are not known
witnm nrty miles of this town. We
are backward.
Wood Ashes for Fertilising-.
Ashes vary greatly, those
as high as 8 per cent of potash being
the exception. The value of the pure
potash is 'about 6 cents per pound.
The best ashes are seldom valued at
over $8 per ton. They contain a large
proportion of lime, but potash is the
material sought as a fertilizer in ashes.
Potash gives good results on nearly all
crops, more especially fruits, grass, po
tatoes and many vegetables, being
broadcasted over the nlowad
- - S'VUUU
and harrowed In.
A Good Inaeot Powder.
Pyrethrum Is well established as an
Insect powder. It Is cheap and v.
effectual. At the experiment station at
Amherst, Mass., they mixed a table
spoonful of the powder in a nsiicii
equal parts of water and buttermilk-
, 7 " . V,lr"uta' Potatoes
and other plants Infected with v.
and worms. The buttermilk makes th
powuer sue to toe plants, and la
about half an hour the lnw. r .
good supply of It, curl, drop to th
gruuuu ana ui
1
,
i
u
A VEBMIN-PROOF BOOST.
Dish Drainer.
Among the recent Inventions for
household use Is a dish drainer, which
should prove very useful. As shown
In the Illustra
tion, it Is a device
for holding
plates, saucers
and other dishes
in a position to
allow them to
drain thoroughly.
The drainer com
prises a wire
rack in which the
dishes are sup
ported snri s non
DISH DRAINER. t()
Diagonally across the frame are span
wires, a considerable number of dishes
being thus accommodated In a com
paratively small space. As the span
wires touch the dishes only In one
spot, there is nothing to prevent thor
ough cleansing, the drainage being
perfect The dishes may be washed
or partially washed before being In
serted in the rack, or, as some prefer,,
they can be placed In the rack exactly
as they come from the table and then,
cleansed by pouring boiling water over
them.
Pickled Tront.
Clean the fish and boll In salted wa
ter, then drain, wipe dry and set aside
until very cold. Make a ptekle of two
quarts of vinegar, a dozen blades of
mace, the same number of white pep
pers and cloves, two teaspoonfuls of
mustard, three tablespoonfuls of white
sugar and a pint of the water In which
the fish was boiled. Boll all this liquid
once, then skim It Cut the fish into
pieces of uniform size. Let the liquid
get cold; put back on the stove and
when it bolls drop the fish .and take
from the fire. Pack In Jars filled to.
overflowing with the spiced vinegar.
seal tightly and put in a cool place.
Hard Soap.
Put together four gallons of boiling
water, six pounds of washing soda and,
three, pounds of unslaked lime. Set
aside until clear, then drain off find put
over the fire with six pounds of pure
fat Boll for about two hours, or until
It begins to harden, thinning, when nec
essary, with the water that you have
drained off, adding It when there is
danger of the soap boiling over. Try a
little In a saucer and when thick
enough throw In a handful of salt and
remove from the fire. Pour Into a wet
tub, and sUnd aside to harden, then
cut Into bars.
Tapioca and Banana Sponge.
Sprinkle half a cup of tapioca and
two-thirds of a cup of sugar Into one
pint of boiling water, add half a tea
spoonful of salt, and cook in a double
boiler, stirring occasionally. Whn th
tapioca Is transparent
two lemons and the whites of two eggs.
oearen until stiff. Spread over sliced
bananas and serve with crenm n ,.
gar, or with a cold-boiled custard pre
viously maae. This dish may be made
with canned neachea nr n,,! i
tbe Juice of the fruit Instead of water.
Banana Salad.
Have the bananas very cold. Cut
them Into small pieces and mix with
a dressing
of salad oil, one teaspoonful of vine-
ITfl T AM A -r-svn M 1 .
,-., nmopoomui or lemon Juice
and a quarter of a teaspoonful each of
salt and white pepper. Fill the banana
skins and t av i.h. ,
icuui-u leaves.
Sprinkle a few halves of English wal-
Till fa An A m 114.1.1-
'"" cnoppea parsley over
the top of the salad and serve Immedi
ately. Cream at Cora Sonp.
Simmer one can of corn in three cup-
fuls Of Water tnr an k..
uvui-. ueu press
through a sieve. Thicken three cup
fuls of scalded milk with one table
"Poonful each of butter and flour, add
it to the corn pulp and season to taste,
with salt and pepper. Let it get very
hot, stir in half a cupful of cream, re
move from tha flro .nl .jj
SS Just before serving. If the cream
la vrhlrwrtA I i . ...
-i'fw n is more delicate.
Chocolate Almond Delight.
Dissolve onft iunv.. .
, , ,u8c m rHspDerry
Wlattn In a full pint of boiling water.
Strain when It begins to harden and
press In one-half pound of chocolate
almonds. When firm serve In college
ko glasses, with , , .
. vwuiui ui wnippea
cream orer each glass and an almond
wuwt vi eacn.
Spanish Cream.
JK" X f ,elatla' 0D o
mk, the yolks of three eggs, one small
CUD of an Mr c.v. 4.1..
Miit. - . tuo seiaun in the
f?ra .rJ,n h8w' tten Put t on the
Sh? -.?''1 ? ltheata- Addto
rti ."i toe bollln Point, stir.
rlM all tha Wn ot . ...
""-am witn a mod
and flavor with vanilla.