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U8G0L1 COUNTY LEADER
Cr.SOULC. PabUeker
TOLEDO..
OREGON
Advice to criminal lawyers:
In doubt try the brain storm.
When
noughts now ordered In return for the
abandonment of one such warship by
France, Germany and the other great
powers. The millions cousuniea in
building these monster warships, which
In less than a generation will be sent
to the scrap heap, are pressing heavily
upon the working classes all through
Europe. The world is slowly coming
to a saner and more sensible standard.
Sometimes It looks as If Frorldence
bad provided Just about enough ex
tremely rich young men to serve the
world as horrible examples.
The king of Slant has started on a
pleasure trip accompanied by his
twelve wives. An entirely original
Idea of having a good time.
It doesn't seem right that human
life should be so cheap when every
thing else is so high. The era is one
of high living and quick dying.
As might hare been expected, Archie
Roosevelt has whipped the diphtheria
germ and hopes some day to be able to
tackle a mountain lion or a bobcat
King Edward has a collection of 170
carious walking sticks, but he doesn't
get half as much fun out of them as
Mr. Roosevelt does out of one big
tick.
Senator Cullom would like to see Mr.
Harrtman in jail, but as It is not the
railroad manipulator's chief mission
In life to please others he will try to
keey out
A Harvard professor says the earth
h at least 1,000,000,000,000 years old,
Think of that any time you are Inclined
to Imagine the earth couldn't get along
without you.
"Think of the powerful Influence that
great wealth gives," people say. "Sure
ly that must be a source of great hap
piness.'' Here, however, popular opin
ion is wrong. Money possesses virtual
energy only when transformed Into ac
tual energy, work, and this transfor
mation Is only possible by Introduc
tion of another factor, personality. The
merely rich man, the man who merely
cashes coupons, who sits immovable on
his money-bags, possesses neither pow
er nor Influence. His wealth attracts
only beggars and swindlers, and If he
does not shut himself up behind strong
locks he finds himself surrounded by a
crowd of questionable persons whose
presence certainly does not make him
happy. Power and Influence come to
the rich only when he possesses per
sonality and takes an active part in
common life, in sympathy with his fel
lows. It Is not even necessary for him
to possess wealth, but only to control
riches. The energetic president of a
corporation with a capital of a hundred
millions wields Infinitely more power
and influence than the passive possessor
of a billion. Only the circulation of
money, active mnrioy whloh Is working.
brings power and Influence. Dead capi
tal lends no splendor to the possessor,
who remains Just as Insignificant as If
he did not own a dollar. At some dls-
From three States come reports of
the proposed return of the Mormons
to the upper Mississippi valley, where
they held forth sixty years and more
ago. Not only are missionaries being
sent back to Missouri, Illinois and
Iowa from Utah to carry on the awak
ening of Mormorlsm In the States
which once attempted by force of arms
to stamp It out, but the Utah branch
of the church Is acquiring property
rights and officially recognizing the his
toric places which have been Ignored
before.
Sometime ago the Utah Mormon eld
ers of the northern and southern Illi
nois and Iowa conference held their
annual meeting In the old Mormon
stronghold of Nauvoo, 111., from
whence their fathers had been driven
ed sufficient mastery over the earth 1 'orc of armB rear9 a- The
Snakes are reported to be unusually
plentiful In New Jersey this year.
remaps it would be well for some
good blind-pig hunter to establish him
self In that State.
A writer In the London Dally Mall
ays a journey around the world can
now be accomplished In forty days
without any hardships. Perhaps he
doesn't regard "tipping" a porter as a
hardship.
One of the sons of Emperor William
will, It Is reported, enter Harvard next
fall. He will be accompanied by a
military aid. and we are positively as
sured that It is his fixed Intention not
to submit to any mollycoddling what
ever.
John D. Rockefeller says existing
stocks cannot be watered, and An-
Crew Carnegie declares that Wall
street Is the gambling headquarters of
America. These two gentlemen are
likely to lose the confidence of some
of our most prominent financiers.
A Mississippi court has made a rul
ing which will appeal to boys of all
ages, If not to lawyers. A boy had
climbed a tree and had been burned by
an electric wire. His pureuts sued
the company. The defendant argued
that the boy had no business In the
tree. But the Judge ruled that It is
the Inalienable right of all boys to
climb trees. This certainly recognizes
the principle that a universal assump
tion of right In time makes a universal
right
Prince Henry of the Netherlands,
husband of the queen, proved bis hu
manity and bis courage when the
steamer Berlin was wrecked off the
Hook of Holland. He learned that
some passengers were left on the ves
sel, and took command of the rescue
party which finally brought them off.
Whan be came ashore with them he
was cheered to the echo by the enthu
siastic Dutchmen gathered on the
beach. King Edward has bestowed on
hUn the Grand Cross of the Order of
the Bath In recognition of bis bravery.
and ourselves to make It yield plenty
for all of us. Under such conditions
every man will be Judged only accord
ing to his personal qualities, irrespec
tive of his money. The talented, active,
and useful man would rank high above
the pig-brained millionaire. The moral
satisfaction which the higher-developed
character considers Infinitely much
higher than the physical satisfaction
in the way of food and clothes the
glorious feeling of power and influence
is already understood by the modern
captain of Industry, who thinks, works
and acts, but not by the passive mil
lionaire Idler at Newport Money is a
powerful weapon, but it is not the man
who guards the arsenal where weapons
are kept who counts, but the soldier
who uses them and wins battles. True,
money does buy pleasures. Castles, cot
tages In charming places, yachts, pri
vate cars may be had by anybody who
has ruonoy enough. But there are
things which cannot be bought and
these, as it happens, are the very things
that count most for happiness. Honest
loves, genuine sympathies, sentiments
tender and true and tastes pure and re
fined these, the soul of happiness, can
not be bought by any man's money.
True, a million dollars will build a
mighty mansion, but it cannot buy that
mystic something which makes a happy
home even in a hovel. It may sur
round one with a host of sycophants,
but cannot buy one friend. Yes ; mon
ey is a good thing to have, If its pos
sessor can only remember that man
hood Is more than money. Money helps
to happiness, but there are other things
that help a good deal better.
"If employers would give the wait
ers, say, 5 per cent of the amount of
the bills of guests that they serve It
should be a satisfactory arrangement
ill around," suggests a Baltimore man.
"The waiter would have Just as much
object at ever In having the customers
five him a big order and would there
for try to please him. The customer
would not have to forsake his natural
principles against tipping In order to
get good service and the hotel or res
taurant that followed the plan and
didn't allow tips would get so much
more business that the proprietor could
easily afford the 6 per cent commis
sion."
Date Back to Daya of Joanna.
Moor and Morocco are words un
known to the people of that troubled
land. These people know themselves
as Arabs and descendants of those
valiant upholders of the Prophet's
green standard who swept like a flood
across North Africa at the time of the
hegira. The Morocco of the present
day they found possessed by a sturdy
race who claimed descent from the peo
ple who were cast out of Canaan by
Jdshua, the son of Nun. Their coun
try, so far as its plains were concern
ed, was taken from them by the Arabs,
and their fighting strength was made
to serve the Arab cause in the con
quest of Spain. They themselves grad
ually took to the mountains, to the
Great Atlas. Here they have remain
ed ever since, speaking their own lan
guage, maintaining their own customs
and racial attributes and obstinately
refusing to be absorbed by the Arab
dwellers on the plains. These people
are the Berbers; their tongue Is called
Shilhah.
In spite of the disinclination of cer
tain European powers to discuss the
question at all It begins to look as if
limitation of armaments would be the
most Important topic considered at the
approaching world's peace conference.
Of course, no one expects that the
conference will take any positive action
looking toward the limitation of arma
ment though It Is not In the least un
likely that Great Britain through her
premier, Sir Henry Campbell-Banner-man,
will make a definite offer to give
vp building on of the six new Dread-
Utah Mormons revisited the site of
the original temple and of Joseph
Smith's historic house and fraternized
with the sons of the men who had per
secuted him.
Still more recently the Utah Mor
mons, twenty-one in number, made a
pilgrimage to Carthage, 111., and pur
chased the old Jail In which the foun
der of the church, Joseph Smith, and
his brother, Hiram, had been killed.
Whether the Jail is to remain simply
a shrine for pilgrimages or Is to be
converted into a modern tabernacle has
not yet been disclosed. Utah Mormons
In large numbers have recently revis
ited places in Lee County, Iowa, Gar
den Grove and Knnesvllle, in the West
ern part of the State, where the origi
nal Mormons settled after being driven
out of Nauvoo, and before going en
masse across the plains to Salt Lake
Ulty,
In Missouri, Illinois and Iowa more
Mormon proselyting has been carried
on In the past year than ever before.
There is a general awakening of in
terest in the places which once knew
Mormonlsm, but stamped it out No
attempt is being made to return se
cretly. The deed to the Carthage Jail
property reads : "To Joseph F. Smith,
in trust for the Church of Jesus Christ
of the Latter-Day Saints, residing in
the city and county of Salt Lake, In
the State of Utah."
iiie Aauvoo reunion was remark'
able In many ways. It was the first
official revisiting of the first great
stronghold of Mormonlsm. Seventy
elders were In attendance for three
days, were given the freedom of the
quaint old town and "bad a fine spir
itual and social time" on the testimony
of a Nauvoo newspaper.
In Iowa the revival of Interest has
been especially marked. Iowa Is the
headquarters of the monogamous
branch of Mormonlsm headed by Jo
seph Smith, a son of the original
prophet and seer. The two branches
of the church are at enmity, but on
the occasion of the recent fire in La-
moni, where many valuable records of
the Iowa church were destroyed, sin
cere expressions of sympathy were re
ceived from the Utah branch. Valu
able papers handed down from Joseph
Smith I. to his son, Joseph Smith II.,
and Intended for transmission on to
Frederick Smith, the future head of
the Iowa and Missouri Latter-Day
Saints, were destroyed.
Early Mormonlaro.
This revival of Interest In Mormon
lsm and the apparent coming together
in a friendly feeling of the Utah and
the Mississippi valley branches of the
church founded by Joseph Smith serves
to recall the story of Mormon settle
ment and occupation in Missouri, Illi
nois and Iowa more than a half cen
tury ago, the persecutions of the time
which drove the Mormons westward,
and that remarkable hegira across the
plains of 10,000 people which Is one
of the most romantic and ungual pic
tures In the panorama of American his
tory,
The first attempt to found a colony
of the followers of Joseph Smith, af
ter his remarkable discovery in New
York of the sacred tablets and the
glasses by which to translate them,
was made at Klrkland, Ohio, with the
aid of Sidney Rlgdon, an eloquent
preacher of the Christian, or Oamp-
I 11 !- -I U Sn Ani.11 A 1 OH k.aA
in the smile a man produce, when he!two en organized the church of Lat-
Joseph Smith. The Mormons were
commanded to found a colony in the
far west and build a temple In this
New Jerusalem.
A location was chosen In the vicinity
of Independence, Mo., and there the
devout converts strong in their faith,
moved. A large tract of land was se
cured, houses were built farms open
ed and the foundation laid for the
temple. But while Missouri was a
New Jerusalem to the Mormons, Mis
souri did not yearn for the company
of the religious enthusiasts. The citi
zens of the western part of the State
became Intensely hostile to the new
sect and finally a large mob gathered,
attacked Its printing office and other
buildings, and flogged some of the
Mormon leaders.
Driven from Mlsaowrl.
Matters finally became so bad that
Governor Boggs called out the State
militia and volunteers, 5,000 strong
under Gen. J. B. Clark, with orders "to
exterminate the Mormons or drive them
beyond the borders of the State." Lit
tle time was lost In obeying the In
structions. A large number of the
Mormon leaders were arrested, their
families driven from their homes at
the point of the bayonets and the en
tire Independence colony hurriedly
sent destitute out upon the bleak
prairie, without even tents to protect
them from the driving storms. The
rivers and creeks were unbrldged and
filled with floating Ice; the snow was
deep, Impeding progress. Many of the
Mormons were killed, others desper
ately wounded, families were separat
ed, women and children sick and dying
for want of food, shelter and proper
care. The oxen, which were the out
casts' only teams, died of starvation
Disease and death claimed dally vic
tims. This was In November, 1838.
The plight of . the Mormon outcasts
was pitiable.
Quitting Ohio voluntarily and being
driven out of Missouri, the Mormons
straggled across the Mississippi river
and the Missouri boundary line into
Illinois and Iowa. Some of them set
tled in Lee County, Iowa, near the
present site of Keokuk and Montrose,
Dut me larger nunmer crossea over
Into Illinois, erecting temporary shel
ter for the winter. Across the Mis
sissippi from Montrose was the little
town of Commerce, started by New
York speculators; this the Mormon
refugees purchased, changing Its name
to Nauvoo. Joseph Smith, their
prophet, came from imprisonment in
Missouri, and pronounced Nauvoo the
official seat of the church. Nauvoo
soon became quite a city, famous all
over America and In foreign lauds.
An alleged revelation, in 1843, per
mitting a plurality of wives, raised
storm of Indignation In the sur
rounding settlements. It became
bruited about moreover, that the Mor
mons were harboring criminals and
violating State and federal laws.
Clashes and riots followed and the
situation quickly became as bad In
Illinois as it had been In Missouri.
Finally, Gov. Ford, of Illinois, or
dered out the State militia and also
sent a force of ten men to Nauvoo to
arrest Smith and his leading follow
ers, assuring thorn they would be giv
en a speedy and impartial trial. Pro
tection from violence also was guaranteed.
Joseph Smith and his council sur
rendered and were taken to the Han
cock Jail, at Carthage, June 23, 1844.
Smith is said to have bad a premo
nition concerning his fate, predicting
that he would be "murdered In cold
blood." He and bis brother were book
ed on a charge of treason.
Following the Incarceration of the
Mormon leaders, Gov. Ford disbanded
all but three companies of the militia.
leaving one to guard the prisoners,
and Bending the others to Nauvoo. The
slight guard over the Carthage Jail de
cided the most reckless opponents of
Mormonlsm to make an attack. About
150 blackened their faces and assem
bled at Carthage about 5 p. m. on June
27, 1844. Here they learned that only
eight of the soldiers were actually on
guard at the jail. This little detach
ment made no resistance when the Jail
was stormed. Hiram Smith was shot
dead. A tew minutes later Joseph, Hut
prophet fired his revolvers and suc
ceeded In wounding four of the assail
ants, but when he sought to escape
through a window was killed by tha
mob below.
These troublous times soon gave way
to worse ,the conflicts between the Mor
mons and their opponents being al
most continual. Finally the futility
of trying to remain where they were
was borne In on the Mormons. In the
fnll of 1845 they began to dispose ol
their property and prepared to emi
grate westward Into Iowa.
The trail of the Mormons across
Iowa could be followed for years by
the graves that marked the pathway
of their Journey through Van Buren,
David, Appanoose, Decatur and Union
counties. More than 400 men, women
and children who died from the ef
fects of exposure and hardships of the
exodus of 1840-47 were burled In the
Mormon cemetery at Mount Plsgah. In
1S88 the Utah Mormons caused a mon
ument to be erected here In memory
of the dead, who, for the most part
He in unmarked graves.
In 1847 Brlgham Young led an ex
pedition from Iowa over the plains to
Salt lake, where he selected a location
for the future home of the church. In
June, 184S. the second expedition, con
sisting of C23 wagons and nearly 2,000
persons, Joined the Salt lake colony.
In the fifty years that have passed
Mormons hare been absent from their
old haunts in the Mississippi valley.
History will never repeat Itself to the
extent of seeing once more Mormon oc
cupation and persecution ; but evidence
multiplies on every side showing that
tho Mormons of Utah are looking long
ingly and peaceably on the spots
where their fathers founded the faith.
St. Louis Globe-Democrat
Standing; and Sitting.
David Slowpay I shall bring you
back those dark trousers to be reseat
ed, Mr. Snip. You know I sit a good
deal.
Mr. Snip (tailor) All right and If
you'll bring the bill I sent you six
months ago I will be pleased to re
ceipt that also. You know I've stood
a good deal. London Tlt-blts.
Woman's Marked Down Ag-.
Howell You have a sister older
than yourself, I believe?
Powell She was born first but she
Isn't older. New York Press.
lose.
I ivr-uny saints.
Apparently Lacked Confidence.
"You are too cautious. Why, I don't
believe you'd bid $1 on a $20 gold
piece."
"Not if you offered the gold piece.''
Philadelphia Ledger.
A NEW STATE MAY BE FORMED.
WASHINGTON V'M0'?W '1 hmha
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: NEVADA Ulfn s.......
i
WIFORNIA
MAP SHOWING BOUNDARIES OF PROPOSED STATE.
A new State, to be called Lincoln, will be formed from portions of the
States of Washington, Oregon and Idaho, If a movement now on foot Is
successful. The Chambers of Commerce of Spokane, Wash., and Portland,
Ore., are behind the movement and the Spokane Chamber is especially active
In the matter. Spokane will probably be the capital of the new State, which.
It Is claimed, will centralize the Interests of Washington, northwestern Ore
gon and northern Idaho, all now remote from the centers of the respeotliw-State
Then came the epochal revelation to