UHCOLM COOm LEADER
CM AS. F. ADA B. SOULE,
TOLEDO OREGON
If t no crime to seek a bribe in Kan
a, Nothing Uke being frank about It.
Tie new fadeless flower will In time
wo: to be held In as much contempt
as tfce celluloid collar.
Wonder If the man la the moon Is
able to detect any earthspot when be
looks la this direction.
In Russia It Is not necessary for the
student to play football for the purpose
ot working off surplus energy.
Physicians now assert that a healthy
body Is Immune against germs and
microbe. Dr. Wiley's next more.
A Chicago woman has been granted
damages of $1 for being hugged. Dave
II ill will probably regard it as an ex
orbitant price.
Kentucky fathers have declared In
favor of elopements because they are
cheap. This would knock all the ro
mance out of Gretna Green.
The tailors In convention declare
that "checks will continue as popular
as ever." Even Mrs. Chadwlck could
not make them entirely unpopular.
A dlTorced man has been ordered by
the courts to pay his ex-wife $52,750
ailmony. That sort of thing would,
if it became common, soon settle the
diTorce question.
The movement In favor of knee
breeches Is reported p be making con
siderable progress in England. The
bow-legged men can't have much influ
ence over there.
It appears the tonsils are even
more dangerous than the vermiform
appendix. The surgeons say the place
for both of. them is in a Jar of alcohol
on the top shelf.
Senator Lodge says the government
seeds are a humbug. But the plant
ing of a few packages of free seed
has for many a Congressman brought
forth a fruitful harvest of votes.
According to official figures, every
man, woman and child in the United
States consumes an average of eighty
pounds of sugar in a year. Average
reader, are you getting your share?
One of the first things they do when
a tyrant is assassinated in Russia is
to arrest all the students who can be
found. It Is always taken for granted
over there that If a student Isn't guilty
he will be sooner or later.
A New York woman left a will in
which it was stipulated that her ashes
should be buried In her work basket
Perhaps she was afraid the hereafter
might sometimes seem long and tire
some, and figured that It would help
her to pass away the time If she could
have her sewing or knitting handy.
Battle as a school for manners has
not stood high. The Japanese have
taught us many things, and among
them the possibility of combining
agreeable demeanor with war. We
look upon Grant's treatment of Lee
as an exception, and so It was, but the
Japanese leaders have not once failed
in courtesy since the war began; in
courtesy, or in that modesty which is
equally necessary to politeness. The
Japanese may be the best soldiers in
the world. They are certainly the most
gracefully polite of races.
It is often pointed out that there
would be fewer divorces if there were
fewer hasty, careless and Ill-considered
marriages. That Is true enough,
but it is a poor truth which will not
work two ways. If It were harder to
get divorced there would be fewer of
these ill-considered and. Idiotic mar
riages to begin with. If the people
who get married with the Idea in the
backs of their beads that they will get
divorced if they find marriage bores
them if these people are made to un
derstand that divorce U not to be
granted for trivial causes or through
caprice, marriages through caprice
will soon diminish.
The successful wife keeps on band a
little boom in case of need. She keeps
surprise tucked up her sleeve, where
it can be fired on a moment's notice.
Maybe it is a carnation for his coat
lapel; maybe it la bis favorite pudding
served extra; perhaps it is the babTs
picture framed for his desk. Some
thing she has ready, and when his af
faction needs Jogging sb does not
hesitate to do the logging. Why.
bunch of violets or a knot of bright
ribbon where it adds the most to the
wife's charms almost make a man for
get that he Is hungry. A saucy pinch
with the usual kiss or a merry chase
way from the accustomed smeetlnz
will almost make a man forget that be
Is married to ths adorabl crwture.
A !tf whisper now and then and a
twinkle of mischief are worth hours '
of cooing. The woman who buries
her rogulshness on her wedding day
robs her home of much of Its happi
ness. One of the mMt interesting results
of research made public this year is the
powerful action of a solution of copper
sulphate which is ordinary "blue vit
riol" and unslaked lime la purging
water of harmful things. The facts
were made known by Dr. A. H. Doty,
health officer of New York City, un
der whose direction the experiments
were made at the recent meeting of the
American Health Association at Ha
vana. Tha solution consists of one
pound of blue vitriol and one of un
slaked lime in ten gallons of water,
and one gallon of this solution la suffi
cient to purify fifty gallons of water.
A tank containing fifty gallons of wat
er with which sewage bad been mixed,
and swarming with the larvae of mos
quitoes, became perfectly clear in eight
or ten hours, and at the end of thirty
six hours most of the larvae were dead.
Water which is foul to the smell when
so treated becomes odorless. Experi
ments are still in progress to discover
how effectual the process is In destroy
ing bacteria, and already it is proved
that a stronger solution than that
stated above kills the germs of typhoid
fever and cholera. Not the least Im
portant facts are that the weak solu
tion which destroys the mosquito larva
one gallon of the mixture to fifty gal
lons of water Is absolutely harmless,
for copper cannot Ue detected in It by
chemical analysis; and that sulphate
of copper costs only five cents a pound
and lime three cents.
Some people mav be disposed to
laugh at the Boston clergyman who
sserts that the world Is becominz
hopelessly wicked because we have too
many gl things to eat The Boston
dominie, however, is merely the
evolved product of that dietetic Dhll-
osophy, fashionable Just now, which
teacnes tnat you cannot possibly find
nything wholesome to eat that one
thing will destrov vour stomach, an
other will annihilate your liver and
still another will ruin your kidneys.
A consensus of the experts in this line
would undoubtedly show that our only
resource is to starve to death, since
there Is nothing fit to eat or drink.
The Boston preacher has not got quite
that far along, but he is In a fair way
to arrive. A reaction from this food-
phobia Is about due. Indeed, it Is al
ready in progress, since a great -many
people wno undertook to follow the
Instructions of the food sharps have
given it up in despair, going back to
tne old principle of eating what they
like and in quantities to satisfv them.
We hear less about people digging
their graves with their teeth and simi
lar wise saws. There is not now so
much solemn, didactic humbug on the
subject People will shortly realize
that the average adult has a pretty
good Idea gained through experience
of what he mrwv safely eat and that
ue is n unurr juuge oi nis needs ana
limitations In that direction than any
body else can possibly be. That Is, if
ne nnds that certain things "agree"
with him and other things "disagree"
with him he would be very foolish to
ignore this self-attained knowledge
and accept the dictum of some self-
constituted oracle who lays down a
diet for mankind without regard to In
dividual idiosyncrasies. Man la. after
allt an animal, and he retains some
thing of the instinct which warns the
lower animals against unwholesome
food. Where his instinct is at fault
moreover, his reason, basing its deduc
tions upon his experience, will guide
him safely in matters dietetic. As a
general proposition it Is safe to say
that a man will be best off as regards
his stomach if he eats what his fancy
calls for. If he finds that hla appetite
is misleading him then It will be time
to take counsel of the food sharps
who will promptly advise him to quit
eating altogether.
Nautical Drag.
The tabloid habit is unknown to
skippers of sailing craft coastwise or
ocean bound. Epsom salts and castor
oil are still "good enough for them,"
the New York Press says. Nor does
the pallor who has worked his way up
from the mast dose his crew with sugar-coated
or gel a tin -covered pills; the
old standard favorites are still his main
reliance.
Captains of sailing vessels are re
quired to keep notes of all the medi
cines they serve out to the crew for
record with the United States shipping
commissioner. The files show that the
most popular doses are Epsom salts
and castor oil, and next to these, qui
nine, Jamaica ginger and paregoric.
Ou a sailing vessel the captain is
the doctor, and sailors have to take
what be gives them. On one ship
bound for Rio de Janeiro the captain
aw bis second mate taking pills from
a bottle.
"What's that, sir?" sternly demand
ed the skipper.
"Pellets for my rheumatism," the
mate replied.
"Throw them overboard!" command
ed the captain. "I don't want such
Junk aboard my ship. Come aft and
111 girt you a doao of castor olL"
Some weeks ago I had the opportu
nity of visiting a farm In northern In
diana. It was la process of develo
ment Into a moiera up-to-date farm.
The electric cars fnm the city passed
near by every half hour or so. The
post box was fastened at the gate for
the dally mail delivery. Wires were
being strung alonj the road for a farm
ers' telephone service. A flowing well
gave an unfailing supply of fresh wat
er for farm, house and stock. On all
hands were the marks of improvement
in buildings and fields. The little plot
In front of the next frame farm house
was ready for the grass and shrubs
and stone walk. Everywhere could
be seen the unmistakable proof and
marks of a well-directed plan. It was
a case of farming with a purpose, and
one could not help contrasting this
complicated method of modern farming
with the simple and more or less in
deuuiie aiyie of txxii a century ago. In
this new agriculture, munhlnorr u
playing a very Important part Ma
chinery, methods and the man are the
three factors of farming in the pres
ent day.
The Farmer' Day la Coming.
Manufacturing and transportation
were the two great objects of human
Ingenuity and Industry in the nine
teenth century. The leading manufac
turers of the world gradually came out
from the homes of the Individual work-'
ers and massed themselves In the reg
ulated and systematized concerns of
towns and cities. Domestic production
gave place to factory industries. Hand
made goods were superseded .by ma
chine products. The complete success
of this great change In the production
of goods ready for human use came
through the accompanying and neces
sary improvement in and extension of
transportation facilities. It was neces
sary to bring together quickly and
cheaply the raw material of factories
ana to provide for the distribution of
the products among the consumers of
the world. The development of mod
ern transportation conveniences was
possible only through the rapid im
provement in the machinery of trans
portation. Thus we have seen these
two great lines of human effort being
worked out in association, and the
wonderful changes In the world's work
and the world's living during the past
nunarea years resulted through the ap
plication of human skill and human In
genuity to the production of machinery
tnat would enable workers readilv ami
cheaply to make things for man's use.
ana to bring them when made to those
who were to use them. Cities and
towns have grown apace, and the
world has been entertained for mnnr
years with the story of this interest
ing development The millionaire, the
manufacturer, the skilled mechanic.
the engineer, have figured largely In
tne world s eye, and the farmer has
more or less been overlooked or allow
ed to remain in obscurity. But the
farmer's day is coming, coming more
rapidly thau most people have suppos
ed, ami ere long he will be the man to
be studied; his ways will be inquired
about, his methods will be examined,
and his importance will be recognized
as fully as have been those of the town
and city manufacturer. The twenti
eth century will be the farmers' cen
tury, and the students of human bis-
Died on Model of Altar.
The peculiar death of Kukablku. a
young Hawaiian, has revived among
the natives the old belief In the power
of gods to whom the race used to make
human sacrifices. Kukahiku fell forty-seven
feet In the Bishop museum
and died on an altar of a model of an
ancient Ileiau temple devoted to hu
man sacrifices.
It seems the young Hawaiian long
ed to go to sea and had made- arrange
ments to ship on an American vessel,
but his mother objected so strongly
that the captain refused to accept the
boy. Kukahiku was angry and, go
ing home, he slapped her face and
cursed her In the name of Kuhinu and
other old Hawaiian gods. Then he ap
prenticed himself to a carpenter and
was employed to make repairs on the
Bishop museum.
He was assigned to fix up the glass
roof of the Hawaiian hall, in which
the model of the old temple of human
sacrifice stands. He lost his balance
and fell, striking the altar. Ills body
actually took the position of those who
were sacrificed, and the Illusion was
strengthened by hhi blood, which flow
ed from the altar. The natives recall
ed how he had' cursed his mother and
jhis death U believed to b a punish
tory will do well to keep track of the
changes now taking place.
And why do we say that the farmer
Is coming to the front and his work Is
to be recognized? Simply because the
same methods that have developed our
manufactures and perfected our trans
portation systems are now being ap
plied to the upbuilding and expansion
of agriculture. This oldest trade or
calling of man Is the latest to receive
the attention of men of scientific train
ing, keen in original research and In
genious in the application of labor
saving devices. We might put it in
another form: Agriculture is beginning
to be considered as a process of man
ufacturing, and the principles of suc
cessful manufacturing are being aj
plled to it with the promise of most re
markable results.
Farming Is the production from the
soil, directly or indirectly, of sub
stances for feeding and clothing hu
man being. The farmer prodnoen
wheat the miller converts the wheat
into flour, and the baker turns the
flour Into bread. We have considered
tlie miller and the baker to be manu
facturers henceforth we must reckon
with the farmer also as a manufactur
er; and he is so in a more complicated
ami more important form than either
of the others.
A Solution of Labor Problem.
The great expansion of manufac
tures and of transportation and their
Increasing attractions for money-making,
have drawn away the surplus pop
ulation from the farm and, as a con
sequence, the farm labor question has
become a factor in agricultural prob
lems. One solution is the employment
of labor-saving machinery, and thus
we see a first Impetus has been given
to the application of machinery to ag
riculture, that arising from dire neces
sity. The Introduction of machinery Into
the great manufacturing Industries of
Britain was met by stern opposition
on the part of the operatives, who
thought they saw in these new fangled
machines Instruments that would de
prive them of work or at least cut
dowu their wages. The very opposite
has been the case. The expansion of
the great industries has drawn an in
creasing number to the great mills
and factories, has resulted In a short
ening of the hours of labor, and has
increased the average wage. And so
we may confidently expect It will be
in the case of agriculture. The intro
duction of high-class. Improved ma
chinery will increase the output, re
lieve the drudgery, shorten the hours
of toll, Increase the wage, and gradual
ly raise the status of the workmen.
All this should result In ranking farm
ing quite as attractive as city work
for the laboring man and thereby. In
time, settle the farm labor question.
The Annhilation of Waata.
The application of machinery to
manufactures has resulted In making
the latter an exact undertaking and
has gradually annihilated waste. In all
lines of manufacture, waste has be
come by-product, and the world Is en
riched thereby. Agriculture still car
ries the bunlen of waste, and It is a
very heavy burden. There Is a waste
in land, unutilized from a great varie
ty of causes; there is the woeful waste
from weeds; waste in curing, handling
of poor seed; the destructive waste
ment for his impiety. Honolulu Let
ter in New York Tribune.
A Iiord Sola Into Slavery.
Charles Reade found the hero of his
novel, "The Wandering Heir," in the
person of Lord Altham of Ireland, who
was sold as a "redemptioner" at Phila
delphia in 1728 and who served for
twelve years in effect as a slave to one
or more masters in Lancaster county,
Pa. The young nobleman was recog
nized by two Irishmen who came by
accident to the house where be lived,
and Admiral Vernon afterward took
him back to Ireland. Reade laid the
scene of Lord Altham's servitude in
northern Delaware, but it is pretty
well established that this was an er
ror. Americana the Larger Men.
The average European is five feet
six and seven-tenths Inches high; the
average American five feet seven and
eight-tenths. Their respective weights
are 138 and 141 pounds.
Plea of Guilty.
"G'wan!" exclaimed Husky Henry.
"Youse don't cut no ice."
"Dat'a right, pard," replied Laiy
Lew. "Cuttln' ice Is too much like
work fer me."
and storing field products; waste In
feeding; waste in Inferior or unprofit
able animal machines; waste In band
ling and preserving animal products;
waste, sometimes amounting to crim
inal loss, through the improvident
manner of marketing. And yet, not
withstanding all these leakages of
farm work, the farmers have been
doing well. What a fine prospect there
Is for our farmers when, by the use of
machinery and the introduction cf the
careful and exact methods that ac
company the beet use of machine pro
cesses; this waste can be reduced and
farming becomes in the highest and
truest sense a manufacturing along
modern lines!
There is another advantage in the
application of machinery that must
not be overlooked. In olden days the
workmen In the town and city ex
hausted his energies through the long
hours of manual labor. He had no
desire for mental Improvement, and
but little incentive beyond the
strengthening of his muscles. Now his
hours are shortened, his ambitions are
not altogether smothered, and he Is
becoming more and more educated. He
is developing new sides of his man
hood. As Improved machinery becomes
part of the farm equipment the farm
er and his help have , the desire and
also the opportunity of Improving their
minds, of studying their work, and of
making mind and muscle work togeth
er. Interest In agricultural work must
necessarily be increased.
The New Era Begrun.
And we have not to wait for the
coming in of the new era In agricul
ture It has already begun. We are
moving forward rapidly. We are in
that period of transition that Is al
ways of Interest, not only to those
Immediately concerned in it but also
to those who, on the outside, ar
studying the great changes taking
place among various classes of the
world's workers. The crooked stick,
the twelve-ox plough, the wooden
mould board have gone, the sower go
ing forth to sow with his sack of grain
has made way for the seed drill; the
sickle has given place to the self
binder; the flail has grown into the
threshing machine; the tread power
Is put aside for the windmill; the cut
ting box and the steam cooker are in
use everywhere; the milking machine
gives promise of success; the dash
churn is replaced by the separator and
the power churn; and the creamery
and cheese factory have lifted a bur
den from the farmer's wife. When the
Inter-urban electrics, pass the farmer's
door every hour; the rural telephones
string their wires along the country
side; the postman brings the daily mail
to the little box at the gate; and the
cold storage houses enable the farmers
to hold their products against loss and
to ma'rket them with some promise of
fair prices, then the farmers will be
ging to feel that they have a firm grip
upon their business, and that they are
not working amid uncertainty, but are
carrying on a line of manufacturing as
important and as interesting as any to
be found within the four walls of the
most elaborate city factory. The farm
er Is becoming an expert handler and
director of improved machinery. The
new agriculture demands a new farm
er, keen, energetic, progressive, edu
cated, skillful. C. C. James in Mon
treal Star.
Not to ne Fooled.
Uncle Cyrus had come up from the
country to visit his nephew, Charles
In town. Charles had shown the old
gentleman the sights until he was at
his wit's end for further entertainment
One morning, however, he not 1ml h
the paper that "The Imperial Italian
Band" was still giving lu celebrated
open-air concerts. Uncle Cyrus said he
should like to hear them play.
As the concert progressed Uncle Cv
rus waxed enthusiastic. Toward the
end of the program a solo on the slide
trombone was announced. It was a
really fine performance, and the audi
ence demanded an encore with a storm
of applause. Charles noted that his
uncle was among the most apprecia
tive, but he was somewhat puzzled br
the smile which played round the cor
ners of the old man's mouth, for the
selection had been mournful rather
than gay. At the conclusion of tha en
core, when the applause had finally
died away. Charles turned to his un
cle: "That was fine, wasn't it?"
"Mighty fine, mighty fine." was the
reply. "But you city folks ar easy
fooled. He didn't fool m a bit I
knew all the time he was playing that
he wasn't reelly swallerlng that thine!'