LINCOLN COUNTY LEADER.
OHAS. F. ADA K. SOULB, Pubs.
TOLEDO OREGON.
There Is a demand for an enlighten
ing work' on "How to Be Happy
Though an ex-President."
We wish Mr. Wu Joy In his efforts to
solve our race problem for us. At any
rate, he can tell us some very true
things about the outrage of lynching.
Fashion is beginning to comport with
good sense in one particular. A Wash
ington fashion expert says small con
tracted waists are no longer fashion
able. It has been discovered that some of
the young Vanderbilts pay taxes on
nearly a sixteenth of their possessions.
Obviously they lack the genius of their
progenitors.
New ruins are being discovered In
Home, but so far no proof has been
brought to show that some dealer in
antiquities did not manufacture them
in bis cellar.
A Pennsylvania man and woman
who have been engaged for flfty-sejen
years have decided to get married. We
hope he . has thorough confidence In his
ability to support a family.
The country needs an author with
geuiuH of Mrs. tttowe to write a
book which shall do for the lynching
evil what "Uncle Tom's Cabin" did
for negro slavery in the South.
Speaking of Senator Davis, his col
league, Senator Hoar, said: "No spark
from his wit was ever a cinder in the
eye of a friend." Both as a tribute of
friendship and ns an epigram Senator
Hoar's sentence deserves to live.
Alvord, the bank embezzler, has been
sentenced to thirteen years In the peni
tentiary. Good conduct may cut this
down to about ten years. Alvord's
stealings amounted to nearly $700,000,
or almost $70,000 a year for the term
that he will have to serve. The pun
ishment is not severe enough to re
strain other men from committing sim
ilar offenses.
One Sunday evening a rough-cast
innn rose In the Reform Clum meeting,
and said: "I believe in owning up.
When I get into trouble by making a
fool of myself, or by letting somebody
else lead me out of the way, I ain't
goln' to shirk the Ida me. I am goln.
to take my own load on my owiTHhoul
ders. I shall Just speak no and .ny,
Billl'lke, did that!'" There's an
example, as well as a rebuke, for sev
eral kinds of whimpering Blnners, In
high places and Hi low.
No reform would ever have been ac
complished If the element of self-Interest
had been wholly eliminated." Ev
ery advance In the direction of popular
government has been due to the dis
satisfaction of men with existing con
ditions and their, determination to get
more out of life than had been allotted
them under monarchical institutions.
So, also, with the trusts. When the
people of tho United States feel that
they have the "losing end of the trans
action" they will, purely as a matter of
self-interest, apply the remedy which
they may conceive to bo most effective.
After a receut contest it camo out
that In some Instances the struggling
athletes were sustained by the use of
arsenic, strychnine and nitroglycerine.
Tho winner In a close trial may tri
umph because the trainer has been Ju
dicious In administering tonic drugs.
But does not the pharmaceutical road
to victory seem less attractive than the
old way which led through physical
strength and skill unaided by the stliu
ulauts which medicine offers? There Is
a modernness alwut the possibility of
being beaten by a sixtieth of a grain of
strychulne, which to earlier athletes
would have brought both wonder and
regret.
' One of the most astonishing achieve
ments of tho Victoria era Is tho rapidity
with which news Is transmitted. The
New York Herald finds, In looking over
Its files of 1837, that when William IV.
died (June 20) and the young Victoria
was awakened and saluted ns Queen,
the news of the King's denth was
brought to this country by the packet
ship St. James, halting from Londou,
and did not reach New York until forty
five days after the event. Contrast that
tedious delay with the posting of phy.
slclans' bulletlus and state proclama
tions lu America, Australia, and India
almost before the Ink with which they
wero written at Ostwrn or Ixuulon was
dry! Kveu Shakspcarc's Puck was
slow wheu ho proposed to "put a gir
dle round alwut tho earth In forty
minutes." Sixty-three years from now
will our methods of transmission be
considered ns slow and antiquated ns
we consider those of sixty-three years
ago?
The cadets nt West Point Military
Academy, realising the storm of Indig
nation that gathered as a result of the
investigations concerning hazing, have
voluntarily signed a pledge to abandon
entirely that practice which haa
brought the institution so much dis
credit The cadets have done well. The
military academy belongs to the people
and not to the cadets. The cadets are
not even patrons of the academy. The
people are the patrons. Students at
tending other institutions where they
pay tuition may be said to be patrons
of those Institutions. The cadets at
West Point pay no tuition. The people
pay for their education and pay the
cadets a salary besides. Therefore the
people have a right to dictate how the
academy shall be run as the managers
of no other Institution have a right to
dictate. When the people learned how
their academy was being conducted the
cadets knew there would be a change.
The latter have wisely determind in ad
vance that they will reform. The peo
ple will expect the pledge to be kept
On P. D. Armour's tombstone might
well be Inscribed: "The young man
who wants to marry happily should
pick out a good mother and marry one
of her daughters any one will do."
For I. D. Armour never said a wiser
thing, and no man ever paid a finer
tribute to the mothers of this country.
It is easy to imagine the woman Ar
mour had in mind. She is a type of
the times. She Is not too modern, and
there is nothing ancient about her. Her
social qualities are unquestioned, and
yet she does not live for society. She
reads and dresses and worships as her
conscience and Inclination direct.' Tn
the home Is found her kingdom. By
her example she teaches her daughters
how to become good wives. The things
that she teaches are less than the '
things that her girls actually learn j
from her. Association as well as In
clination draw the daughters Into the
channels that lead to domestic happl- j
ness. Her example is stamped on their
young lives. She Is the queen of a '
name to which the mind of the husband
and parent Is ever turning. Peace
abides there, and the household ma
chinery does not Jar. That Is the wom
an r. D. Armour was thinking of, and
what she !s it Is possible for her daugh
ters to become. The young man who
studies the mother of the woman he
wishes to marry is wise.
Rural free delivery Is an addition to
the postal facilities of the country that
has come to stay. When an appropri
ation of $200,000 was asked for to in
augurate the experiment, Mr. Loud,
chairman of the House committee on
postottlces and post roads, objected; but
when It was proposed to appropriate
$3,f)00,000 to go on with the business
the- chairman of the, .committee had
-thltjg to say.. Mr. Sperry of Connec
ticut, a uionilcr of the committee, had
much to do with getting the matter
started. He was for many years post
master at New Haven, and his practi
cal Ideas with reference to the conduct
of the business of the Postofflce De
partment have been of much service.
Mr. Sperry gives it ns his opinion that
It would be useless now to try to pre
vent the spread of rural free delivery.
In which opinion, doubtless, the other
members of the committee, and the
department Itself, agree. Rural free
delivery has commended Itself to the
people of the farms, and since they
like it Congress would not presume
to withdraw or do much hanging back.
Tho wonder Is that free rural deMvery
was not' undertaken before, but now
that It has proved of .such utility and
popularity, the whole country Is reach
ing out Its hand, and expansion of the
system must go on until there are no
more townships to conquer.
Albert Kdword comes to the throne
of England at an age when most men
consider their active Ufework practic
ally over. He faces a task calling for
every energy of brain and body and
freighted with the gravest responsibili
ties. As an offset to this, he Is stout of
frame, rugged of constitution,' and gen
erally In robust health. He Is Idolized
by the English, a fact that Is accounted
for by hla democratic habit of making
every man he meets Jils friend. His
princely Waring has been agreeably
shaded with courtesy to his Inferiors In
rank, and he has been active In his sup
port of deserving public charities. In
euterlng upon ids reign he has the good
will of every subject condition that
Icascna the difficulty of his position.
One of the penalties of royalty Is the
obliteration of private feeling. The
stntejlemands of tho new king the per
formance of certain public ceremonies
with which his personal loreaveincnt
must not bo permitted to Interfere. HU.
mourning for his mother must be ob
served in secret Before his subjects
he must bear himself with cheerfulness
and dignity. It Is a situation Identical
with that of the favorite actor, who
must strut and grlmnce for his public,
even though his heart be breaking. . In
hla youth this king was a rollicking,
devil-may-care prince. Ho hnd the fol
lies of youth and outgrew thenf. Ry
his acts ns Edwnrd VII. will I dis
covered the exact strength and quality
of his manhood.
One of the things a man cnu't under
stand is why his sisters get offended
when ho doesn't rush In to see the now
little red babies at their house.
PRACTICE OF -HAZING
CUSTOM ORIGINATED IN COL
LEGES OF THE EAST.
Atrocious Brutality to . Defenseless
Students Has Stirred the Country
Merits Penitentiary Term Rules of
Conduct Prescribed for Freshmen.
Great interest in the subject of col
lege hazing was stirred throughout the
entire country by the startling charges
which were made in connection with
the death of Cadet Booz of the West
Point National Military Academy. The
--- - 0 . w ..o .uc iu.Mbi.ij uuiuu up
pointed to look Into the accusations
brought by the young man's family
were closely followed by the public, and
every average American citizen read
with horror and disgust the allegation
that the life of the boy was ended by
hazing of the most outrageous charac
ter. The blood of all decent and intel
ligent men or women boiled when they
read the revolting story that tabasco
sauce had been poured down the throat
I. It 1 M XI. .1111 1 ,
IIAZRS AND ONE
of the student, who was at the mercy
of the hazers. The victim was so ter
ribly injured by the fiendish act, so runs
the story, that death at last came to his
relief as a natural consequence of the
wounds Inflicted. When the barbarity
of this Inhuman treatment of a defense
less student was realized there was a
demand for an Investigation and the
detection and punishment of the stu
dents who were guilty of such atrocious
brutality.
The demand resulted in the appoint-
mcnt of tho military board, which at
once began taking evidence. Tho case
was not more than fairly started when
a second Incident was brought to light
through the statements of other par
ents, who alleged that they had lost a
son whose death was directly traceable
to hazing which he bad received at
West Point These two cases prove
quite conclusively. If any proof were
needed, that the Infamous practice of
hazing Is far from extinct, at least In
some parts of the country. Hazing Is
distinctly a product o'f eastern college
life. It originated there and there has
-
PAINTING A OADBT'S FACS.
TOSmo IN A BLANKET.
never been much of it indulged in out
side of the colleges of the East. It has
been practiced to a limited extent in the
universities of the West, but It never
found a strong foothold in the Missis
sippi valley nor In the States beyond.
Origin Is Hazy.
College hazing is so old a custom that
its origin Is 'somewhat hazy. One
theory is that it was at least a partial
outgrowth of the fagging system of
English colleges, in which it was the
custom to make new students do me
nial work for the upper classmen. The
hazing which' has been indulged In has
largely been practiced upon freshmen,
but occasionady other classmen have
been hazed. To haze means to disturb,
harass, annoy, and it was in some way
figured out that this was Just what
ought to be done to men entering col
lege for the first time. It was decided
that they should be servile and that
they should do whatever they were told
byupper classmen, no matter how
absurd or degrading an act should ben
demanded of them. As early as the
year 1700, sixteen years before .the
breaking out of the Revolutionary War,
the following regulations were enacted
at Yale University:
"It being the duty of seniors to teach
freshmen the laws, usages and cus
toms of the college, to this end they
are empowered to order the whole
freshman "class or any particular mem
ber of it to appear, In order to be In
structed and reproved, at such time
and place as they shall appoint, when
and where every freshman shall attend,
ausvver uii proper questions-ami benave
decently. '
"The freshmen are forbidden to wear
their hats In the college yard until the
May vacation; and whenever a fresh
man either speaks to a superior or isl
spoken to by one he shall keep his hat
off until he is bidden to put it back on.
"A freshman shall not play with any
of the members of an upper class with
out being asked.
"Freshmen are required to perform
OF THEIR VICTIMS.
all reasonable errands for any su
perior. "Freshmen shall not run In the col
lege yard nor up and down stairs, nor
call to any one through a college win
dow." In the "Ancient Laws and Liber
ties" of Harvard similar restrictions
upon the freshmen are found. Among
them are:
"No freshman shall wear his hat In
the college yard unless it rains, halls or
snows, provided he be on foot and have
not both hands full.
"Freshmen are to consider all other
classes as their seniors.
"No freshman shall speak to a senior
with his hat on, nor have It on in a
senior's room, nor in his own If a senior
be there. .
"When any person knocks at a fresh
man's door, except In studying time,
he shall immediately open the door
without Inquiring who is there."
Fighting Freshman Sustained.
The death blow to the hat law and
most of these other absurd regulations
was Btruck over 100 years ago, when
Levi Hedge, who was afterward a fa
mous professor, threatened to knock
down a senior who demanded that be
remove his hat The trouble was
brought before the president of Har
vard for adjudication and he decided
In favor of Freshman Hedge.
Although these regulations were early
overthrown the spirit underlying them
was kept alive and frequently mani
fested Itself tn the mistreatment of
members of the freshmen class. Tho
new college men were "smoked out,"
taken from bctl at midnight and doused
under the town pump, painted with
green or red paint, made to eat or drink
rile combinations, blindfolded and
made to run three or four miles, made
to sing or dance or deliver orations,
while very often they were shorn of
their hair completely. There have been
many instances of the most vicious
kinds of practices.. Young men have
been thrown into rivers or lakes, head
ed up in barrels and rolled down hill,
etc. Occasionally freshmen havt re
sisted the perpetration of these out
rages. Revolvers have been drawn by
both sides, but when the freshman who
was thus inclined to defend himself has
been caught unarmed he has often been
made to pay dearly for his self-defense.
. With the progress of education and
civilization these practices have be
come less common in many of the large
universities, but that they still exist to
some extent and in their worst form
is evident from the developments in the
West Point case. This fact led an old
college man to remark the other day:
"The time has come when the brutal
college hazer should be treated In ex
actly the same way as any other crim
inal. No effort should be spared either
by the college or civil authorities to
catch the culprits and when appre
hended they should be given the full
penalties allowed by the law. If a few
of the young wretches, who are nothing
but brutes in human form, were sent to
the penitentiary as they should be for
five or ten years It would have a most
salutary effect upon college hazing."
AMERICAN POETS LONG-LIVED.
With Some Exceptions, Our Bnrda Have
Reached the Allotted Age.
A most striking fact is the longevity
of our poets. The typical American
poet when nn; thinks Cf !t SUd 210-
tlces the faces that look down from his
library walls is found to be an aged,
hoary man, says Oscar Lovell Teiggs In
the Forum. Of the eight poets pic
tured on the frontispiece, six are gray
beards and incline to baldness and of
the' black-haired heads, Lanier lived to
be 39 and Poe to be 40. " No American
poet has had the advantage of John
Keats of dying young with still enough
nPCnmnllah ft Tia pninnapul isrlfK
v i.i. nil 11 .-
Shakspeare on the ground of his prom
ise. Aiany lair nopes centered in Cora
Fabrl, Anne Aldrlch and Winifred
.Howells, the youngest of the sister
hood to lay down their pens; but their
work was too incomplete to give
prophecy of their maturity. Joseph
Rodman Drake at 25, Stephen Crane
at 29, James Berry Bensel at 30 and
Francis Brooks at 31 had hardly begun
their true poetic career. Probably our
llteraure sustained Its greatest loss In
the death of Richard Hovey, who was
destined to accomplish great works and
to win high renown; it 36 he was Just
prepared for bold adventure. . Tluirod
and Emma Lazarus had fulfilled much
of their promise at 38. Edward Row
lands Sill and Buy ard Taylor,--whose
premature deaths were much lamented,
l-n4 i. m M. A n 1 Ktv l
uuki j ci nine ui vu.uiiu oo io accom
plish not a little well-rounded and well-
proportioned work. Longfellow, Low
ell, Whitman, Story and Halleck en
tered the 70th; Emerson reached the
80th mark: while Freneau, Whittier,
Holmes and Bryant passed It. Dana
lived on Into the 00th.
CimA fAnr nAnolltnn 111. ' T t
.owiuo icn Bcuoinvc Matures, .iiKe roe
and Richard Realf, suffered pain and
travail, largely the fault of their pe
culiar temperament; Ill-health affected
the output of some; the Civil War cut'
short the lives of several; accident
closed a few careers; and four suffered
violent death at their own hands. But
for the great majority the currents of
life ran smoothly, and, save the or
dinary incidents of change, they lived
In serenity of spirit
A Female Electrician.
Mrs. Ayrtou, who Is well known for
her researches In the field of electricity,
hnd the honor the other evening of din
ing with the 800 members and guests of
the Institution of Electrical Engineers
at the Hotel Cecil, In London. Her
presence brought up the novel question
how she should be recognized by the
speakers at the dinner. The earlier
speakers said, "My lords, lady, and
gentlemen," which sounded odd. The
Lord Chief Justice improved on this
with "My lords, Mrs. Ayrton, and gen
tlemen," while Sir John Wolfe Bnrrv
struck out the formula, "My lords, mad
am, and trentlempn." Mrs Atrtnn
f - - j ivu n" uiu
time ago Justified her election to mem
bership by a thoroughly scientific es
say, "On the Hissing of the Electric
Arc," a subject which she still further
Investigated, and on which she read a
paper, in completion of her Inquiry, at
the recent meeting of the institution In
Paris. , -
The Largest Incubator.
New South Wales has not only the
largest duck farm in the common
wealth, but also probably the largest
Incubator In the world. The farm and .
incubator are situated at Botany, near
Sydney, the latter, according to a Syd
ney paper, having a capacity of 11,440
duck eggs, or 14,080 hen eggs. It Is not
necessary that it should be filled at any
one time. The eggs can be put In nt
Intervals, as they are available. With
fifty eggs only It will works Just as well
as If It were filled. The Incubator wa
dwtgncd nnd constructed by Its pro
prietor, with the aid of an ingenious
local mechanic.
A woman's beauty Is nevr consider
ed a good recommendation by another
woman.
Matrimony often means a month of
honey and years of vinegar.
- i- - , . 7 I v - '