LINCOLN COUNTY LEADER
CHAD. F. ADA K. SOCLE, Pubs
TOLEDO OREGON
When an umbrella trust can be
broken up it just means that the trust
will not always reign.
Zangwlll insists that he finds the
highest form of truth in fiction, and in
this he seems to be telling some of it.
W. K. Vanderbllt has given Klssam
hall to the university at Nashville, but
as it is a coeducational institution the
boys probably had not waited for that.
If this money lending by Uncle Sam
goes on he will pretty soon have on
hand a lot of second-hand crowns and
coronets put up as collateral by mem
bers of the effete monarchies as se
curity.
T'rlnce Inkathar of Cambodia has had
to pawn his Jewels for ready money,
This Indicates that the prince is already
married. Otherwise he would have
come over with his jewels on and mar
Tied an American girl.
The father of Cornelius Alvord, Jr.,
the ninn who stole $700,000 from a
New Yorkbnnk, took $100,000 from a
Syracuse bank forty-one years ago. If
there Is a third Cornelius Alvord he Is
likely to have more or less trouble find
Ing a Jol In a bank, unless be adopts
an alias.
An edition de luxe, limited to 500 cop
lea and offered for personal subscrip
tion at 1 guinea,' will perpetuate a news
paper prepared by British officers while
prisoners in Pretoria. The Gram, thus
edited, was produced by means of the
hectograph. When the time comes for
a complete and dispasslonatae history
of the South African war, the Pretoria
paper will be an interesting witness.
Commenting on the late Mr. Hunting
ton's assertion that there is great dan
ger of overeducatlng the young, Abram
Hewitt declares: "If I were to have the
choice of one hundred million dollars or
the pleasure I had in my college days
and the pleasure I have had as the re
sult of my education, I would quickly
choose the lntter. Were I to choose the
millions, I should receive, and I should
expect to receive, the scorn of my fellow-men."
The Earl of Chatham used to bow so
low when he met a bishop that his nose
could be seen between his knees. A
suavity no less appalling to its sub
ject murks, nevertheless, the ascent of
our Indians In the social scale. A
teacher In an Arizona mission school
lately noticed a big boy holding a dis
cussion with a little girl at the school
door. He was explaining to her that
girls should always "go first." She was
accustomed to seeing the woman carry
the load behind the man, and hung
back, abashed at such gallantry. Of
hundreds of young Indians the political
phrase may truthfully be used, "Not
dancing, but advancing."
A muddy river betokens one of the
greatest of national losses. It means
that the rich soil, which Jack Frost and
other untural agencies have been ages
In forming, is washing away Imto the
ocean. Tillers of the land could do
much to prevent the loss by keeping the
ground on hillsides covered with trees
or with sod. It Is the cultivated field
on a slant which washes nway most
rapidly. It Is contrary to public policy,
or at least to the welfare of the future,
that the top-soil of such land should
be sent down to the ocean when it
might be yielding grass crops. Many
rivers that are now muddy were clear
before the coming to this continent of
civilized man.
What means of redress Is open to the
man who is bamboozled Into buying u
ticket for a bad theatrical performance?
Is lie to suffer in silence or has he a rem
edy? These questions are of added In
terest owing to n recent decision, the
learned Judge holding that, though the
show be of the kind professionally
known as "rank," the deluded ticket
holder Is not entitled to manifest his re
sentment by hissing or other evidence
of disapproval. Few people will ap
prove this decision. It violates natural
Justice nud It conllicts with the innate
Instinct of man to raise some kind of a
disturbance when he finds that he has
been swindled. As well say that the
restaurant imtron who finds tough beef
steak or dubious eggs set before hi in Is
not entitled to offer n few emphatic ob
servations to the entire establishment,
from the proprietor dowu to the dlsh
washer. Of course, It may be argued
that the theatergoer who has paid good
fioncy to see a bad per forma nee has his
remedy at law that he may sue for
and recover the amount that he paid for
bis ticket. Hut even If this proceeding
Mere not tedious and expensive It
would still afford Inadequate relief. The
outraged patron of the drama Is In
equity entitled to express his resent
ment of the Imposition that has beeu
practiced upon him. He has a right to
Tolce his Indignation so that it will be
Jta&rd of all men. No objection ever is
offered to the applause which greets '
good plays and competent actors. Why,
then, should bad plays and incompetent
actors be exempt from the reprehension
which they have Incurred by their uu-
worthiness? The question Is one which
will not be finally settled by the pro
nouncement of a judge. If merit Is en
titled to praise imposture deserves pub
lic rebuke. The bad actor Is going to
hear sibilant testimony to his shortcom
ings despite any decision that may be
formulated by the courts.
Among the arts which the world is
wont to place in the lost column is the
art of conversation, for at regular inter
vals some one arises to assure people
that they do not know how to use their
tongues. Perhaps the injunction to
children, to be seen and not heard, may
have had something to do with this de
cadence, for certainly It does seem as
if the tongue had not kept pace with
the pen. The author of a pertinent edi
torial article in Scribner's questions
whether the art of talking Is not dying
out because of specialism, the absorp
tion of each Individual In his own ca
reer. "The result of devotion to a spe
cialty," he says, "Is to reduce original
subjects of Interest that Is, the sub
jects which one has in common with
other people, 'topics of conversation,' as
they are called. We speak of our mod
ern world as wonderfully broadened In
Interests and sympathies by the tele
graph and the newspaper. Yet for even
a high type of Individual it may be a
constantly narrowing world." One is
sometimes inclined to the conviction
that. conversation as wpll no onmnns!
tion ought to be taught In schools. It
might lead to the stilteduess and the
artificiality that the author of this arti
cle finds In the fine talk of the past, but
it would Insure a glibness that is as
good as gold at times. Tonguetiedness
is worse than stilteduess and incoheren
ces more pathetic than artificiality. It
is this lack of the right word which Is
responsible for the Imperfect sympa
thies that exist between people, and
conversation might perhaps help to
bridge over those "estranging seas"
which, as the poets have it, separate
individuals.
The requirements are so many and
the examination is so strict that a man
who Joins the regular army of the Uni
ted States must be, physically, an al
most perfect man. It is the govern
ment's Interest, of course, to keep him
so. In time of actual war he may have
to bear some deprivations as well as
face the ever-present risks of battle;
but ordinarily he is well sheltered,
clothed and fed, and if the generous
army ration does not satisfy him, he
can buy a great many luxuries for a
very little money. The subsistence bu
reau of the War Department does not
often figure In print, but the enlisted
man, at least, knows that It does much
for the army's health and contentment.
Virtually it conducts a department
store for soldiers, selling everything at
cost price. Private Jones of the Four
teenth can buy a fine razor, for in
stance, cheaper thnn his brother In New
York can, and If the private has a fancy
for toilet soaps and silk handkerchiefs,
equally good bargains are open to him.
To supplement the rations is, however,
the principal business of the subsist
ence bureau. It provides almost every
thing that Is eatable condensed milk,
Jams and Jellies, pickles, dried fish, ma
ple syrup, olives, crackers and cakes,
and a bewildering variety of canned
foods, Including soups, ments, vegeta
bles and fish. Recently candy was
added to the list, and although otir boys
In China are out of the latitude of choc
olate creams, they can buy cake choco
late and all the gunulrops, lemon tab
lets and similar hnrd candies that they
wish. Our army has no exact equiva
lent as yet for the "field bakeries" em
ployed by the French and other foreign
armies, which furnish fresh bread ev
ery morning to the troops in the field.
But on the whole, United States sol
diers are probably better cared for than
those of any other country. It Is t
truism that they deserve the care. The
army is so small, compared to the fight
ing forces of other nations, that the
country has been able to set a high
standard, and enlist men who are as
worthy to enjoy luxuries as they aro
strong to endure hardships.
FASHIONS FOR WINTER.
STYLES IN OUTDOOR OAKMKMTS.
A Strange Tree.
In the village of Millbeck, near Kes
wick, England, Is II most curious freak
of nature. Two trunks rlso on each
side of a spring of clear water, and Join
together three feet above, forming one
tree.
V.4t nmn nek
ASP
'F7i
vention
It has been suggested that It would be
Well for legations in barbarous regions
to have a wireless telegraphic appar
atus, as communication could not then
be. Interrupted by hostile forces.
The number of stars distinctly visible
without the aid of a glass is put by
Gould at 5,333. Prof. Newcomb says
their number Is 7,047. These are up to
the sixth magnitude. Prof. Newcomb
estimates the number up to the 14.5
magnitude at two hundred million.
The new electric locomotive for the
6teepest portions of the Jungfrau
Mountain Railway will be the most
powerful electric rack-wheel locomo
tive ever constructed. The two motors
will each have 125-horse power, and
will make 800 revolutions per minute
driving the toothed wheels.
A new- application of electricity
comes from Portugal, where an inven
tion has been taken out for facilitating
fox and badger hunting. It consists of
a small electric lamp fixed to the collar
of a dog, which is to enter a "burrow.
The effect of this light Is to frighten
"Br'er Fox" and cause him to come out
of his burrow.
Dr. F. Larroque reports to the
French Academy of Sciences that his
studies of the action of sounds upon the
apparatus of each ear operates inde
pendently of the other. This appears
to have a bearing upon the question
whether the loss of hearing by one ear
exercises an Injurious effect upon its
mate.
Orchids are famous for beauty and
general attractiveness, but It Is not gen
erally knuwn that they have a place In
the arts that minister to the physical
wants of man. But In some parts of
the tropics where orchids abound, a
delicate fiber Is prepared by the na
tives, which they use In the preparation
of the many ornaments these races pre
pare for trade with the paler races of
men.
Lack of proper nesting places, too lit
tle water, the English sparrow, boys,
collectors, birds on hats and the cat are
among the causes of the decrease of
song birds enumerated by D. Lang.
He suggests protection and encourage
ment of the birds by planting trees and
phrubs for them to live In, putting up
nesting boxes for breeding, providing
water for" feeding and bathing, and
feeding. In unfavorable weather.
A German physicist, G. Tammann,
has recently discovered some hitherto
unnoted facts concerning Ice and the
freezing point of water. He finds that
not only does the freezing noint varv
with the pressure, but that three differ
ent kinds of Ice can be produced, each
possessing its own crystalline structure.
Tnus water may now be said to have
five known forms, namely, water vapor,
water as a liquid, ordinary Ice, called
by Tammann ice I., ice In Its second
form, or Ice II., and Ice In Its third
form, denominated as Ice III. Some
non-scientific people would, in hot
weather, add a sixth form generally
known as Ice cream.
Through the Insertion of Inductance
colls into the electrical circuit. Prof
Pupln, of Columbia University, has
greatly Increased the efficiency of lone
distance telephony through cables. The
Insertion of the coils enables the cable
to transmit 0,000 times as much current
as It is able to transmit without them
With an experimental cable thus pro
vided, It lias been found possible to
enrry on a conversation distinctly at a
distance of 250 miles. By applying the
principle to oceanic cables, It Is be
lieved that telephonic messages might
be sent to and fro across the Atlantic
It would also greatly Increase the ra
pldlty with which ordinary telegraphic
signals can be transmitted by cable
The principle Is likewise applicable for
extending the range of telephonic com
munlcation over aerial wires.
KILLED BY A FLY'S BITE.
Child Suffer Great Ag-ony and Expire
la a London Hospital.
At St. Bartholomew's hospital the
other day Arthur C. Langham, deputy
coroner, held an Inquest relative to the
death of Lydla Maria Chamberlain,
aged 0 years, the daughter of i riding
Instructor, lately llvlngwlth her uncle
at G8 Chelmsford road, Walthamstow
Alfred Lewis Chamberlain deposed
that the deceased, his niece, was play.
Ing at the window on Friday wl.h tie
own little girl, when she suddenly com
plained of having beeu bitten by a fly,
Not much notice was taken at tho time,
but In the morning the spot on the
nose where Bhe had been bitten became
bo much Inflamed and swollen that It
was thought advisable to call In a doc
tor. Afterward she became very de
lirious, and eventually lapsed Into tin
consciousness. By this time her nose
and eye had swollen to an abnormal
size, and It was thought advisable to
have her removed to the hospital. De
spite every effort which was made by
the whole of the staff of the hospital
the child gradually sank and died. It
waa a case of such rarity that It waa
55
watched with Intense Interest -by si!
the doctors.
'You are sure it was a fly that bit
her" asked Mr. Langham.
"What she said was. 'Oh, I have just
been bitten by a fly and it is painful.' "
Dr. Nixon, house surgeon, deposed
that when he admitted the child she
wis unconscious. Having heard the
history of the case, he never left he
until she died. The face was so swol
len trat he was unable to say at first
where the bite was. He had slric made
a post-mortem examination and found
inside the lower lid of the right eye
an ulcer. This ulcer had set up in
flammation, which bad penetrated Into
the skin and Into the cellular tlssuns of
the orbit. So great was the Inflamma
tion that the pupil of the eye was forc
ed out from between the lhW, the pain
being, no doubt, most terrible. Ou ex
amining the lungs he found Infection,
chewing that a blood stream had run
from thfa head and carried the poison
ous m'crobes over the body.
"Have you ever heard of Bach a case
before?" Mr. Langham asked.
'Yes. We have records of one or
two cases of the kind, but they are
extremely rare."
"The bite of the Insect caused the
micro-organisms, then?"
"I can see no other cause, from the
history of the case." Continuing, wit
ness said that death was due to general
blood poisoning set up by the microbes.
The Jury returned a verdict of death
from blood poisoning set up by the bite
of an insect, the death being caused by
misadventure. Pall Mall Gazette.
DUTCH HAVE RICH ISLANDS.
Holland, Next to England, the Greatest
I-fin Owner In the Pacific
The Pacific ocean, westward of Ha
waii and the Marquesas, Is like a fed
eration of European nations on Asiatic
soil, united by the free commerce of
the seas. The nations vary In size,
strength and Importance, as the states
of Europe or of the American Union.
Great Britain commands the field with
a landed area of nearly 3,250,000 square
miles. Poor Spain's once magnificent
empire Is shrunk to less than fifty
square miles, a smaller total than be
longs to black King George of the
Tongas. Holland, the country from
which emanated the doughty Boers,
owns over 735,000 square miles, settled
with nearly eight times as many people
as Inhabit the larger area owned by
Great Britain. Germany, the new civ
lllzer among the nations,-has domi
nance over more than 100,000 square
miles and about as many people as
there are miles. France, with less than
one-tenth of Germany's land, Is at
some of the most Important points of
strategy and at the point of greatest
travel. Several Independent states lie
in the midst of this federation, as Swit
zerland does in Europe; several others
in the unhappy, suzeralned position
of the Transvaal in South Africa.
If all the Islands could be put Into a
continuous body of land they would
form a most heterogeneous empire.
They would Include, in addition to Eu-,
ropean peoples with their various pollt-'
leal and social systems, a tangle of ab
origines, a confusion of savages and
seml-clvilized cultivators of soil and
commonwealth; an emporium of pro
ducts more diversified than a bazaar on
a midway plalsance. a mystery of tra
ditions as inexplicable as the origin of
the American Indians. Profoundly for
ested in the Dutch East Indies, the isl
ands become in western Australia more
barren thnn the lava beds of eastern
Oregon and more Irredeemable than
the uppermost wilds of British Colum
bia.' Fertile, balmy and luxurious In
the beautiful lands of New Zealand,
FIJI, Samoa and Tahiti, they are trans
formed into uninhabitable coral reefs
or Into hot and malarial bills of strug
gle In the guano-covered or copra-producing
dots on the map north and east
of a line drawn from the Philippines to
New Guinea and through Samoa to the
Society Islands. Alnslee's Magazine.
A Happy Ending.
A boy about 10 years old came Into
the Central Tollcc Station of a Kansas
city, leading a fine shepherd dog by a
piece of rope. The boy's face was red
and he was crying. A big policeman
kindly asked what was the matter. It
was quite a long time before the boy
could stop crying long enough to re
ply. "My mother," he sobbed, "Is too
poor to pay for a license for Shep, and
I brought him here to have you kill
him."
Then he broke out with another wall
as If his heart was breaking. Shep
stood mute and motionless, looking lov
ingly at his young master. A police-
man blew his nose very loin',-, the desk
sergeant walked out Into the hall, while
the captain remembered that he must
telephone somebody. Then the chief
of police led the boy to the door, and
patting him on the head, said. gently:
"There, little fellow, don't cry any
more; run home with your dog. I
wouldn't kill Shep for a thousand dol
lars." The boy shed tears of Joy now, and
ran off with Shep barking and bound
ing at his side, and It was hard to tell
which was the happiest
Prohibitive Export Tax.
The Republic of Guatemala has Im
posed a tax of $70 a head on all cattle
exported rroin the country. It Is In
tended to be prohibitive,
MUSSELS ARE GOOD FOOD."
Their Use In the United States His
Been Very Much Neglected.
"There la one shellfish, the mussel,
the use of which as an article of food
seems to be totally neglected In "the
United States," observed an English
man of several years' residence in this
country to a Star reporter recently. "In
fact it is so seldom employed that it
may be said to be practically unknown
on this side of the Atlantic. It Is rare
ly seen In your markets, and near the
salt water bays and estuaries in which
it is taken It is used, I am told, as a
manure for certain crops. This lack:
of recognition of mussels as an epicu
rlan delicacy probably arises from the
popular superstition among Americans
that this shellfish possesses poisonous
qualities. Such an Impression is, how
ever, rather absurd, for in England
they are largely consumed by the poor
and middle class people, and if they
contained any injurious properties their
use would be promptly prohibited.
"It Is well known that some persons
are unable to eat of particular sorts of
shell fish to some oysters, clams or lob
sters are more or less poisonous, but
mussels are only 'noxious' to the great
er number for the reason that they de
teriorate more rapidly when removed
from the water than any other species.
There are mussel beds within ji radius
of ten miles of New York and other east
ern cities of sufficient capacity to sup
ply millions of people with a clean' and
nutritious article of food; one that
would lessen to a large degree the ex-
hmistlvA rlomnnrlo niHdC UpCH the Clu2,
oyster and lobster fisheries.
'To prepare mussels for the table
they should be selected of medium size
and care should be observed to wash
them carefully and place them in a ves
sel of salted water for several hours, so
that they may clean themselves; that
i, discharge the dirt and grit found
within their shells. When this pro
cess Is completed the bivalves should be
placed In water and boiled or steaming
Is better In the vapor generated by their
own juice. When they are done they
may be easily taken out of their shells
and are ready to be. used in one of the
many forms of which they are suscep
tible." Washington Star.
COSTLIEST SAUSAGES MADE.
Some Made in France that Only Capi
talists Can Afford to Eat.
"The costliest of all sausages," said
a man familiar with the trade, "is Ly
ons sausages, Imported from France.
Lyons sausage sells In Paris at 2 francs
and more a pound. Here It Is sold at
80 cents to $1 a pound. Lyons sausage
Is also produced In this country. That
made here is even finer than the import
ed, but sella here, however, for some
what less.
"Lyons Is rather a large sausage. It
Is put up In the largest size hog casings
and it Is made of beef and pork. The
meats used in making It are of the very
best, and they are prepared with the
greatest care. From the beef all the
sinews and veins are removed, and
there Is left only the selected parts of
the meat. The beef Is chopped very
fine, so fine as to make of it practically
a paste. The pork used Is from the
back fat of hogs. This Is not chopped
fine, as the beef is, but Is cut -into Ir
regular shaped pieces which show In
the sausage when.lt Is cut. The spices
used in the seasoning are, of course, of
the choicest. The Lyons sausage Is
liard smoked.
; "The art of sausage-making has so
improved In this country that now, as
you can say without reservation, the
finest sausages produced in the world
are made in the United States. This Is
true without exception. The Ameri
can Lyons sausage, for example, Is bet
ter than the Imported. Some American
Lyons Is exported to France and sold
there, and some of that thus exported
Is reimported and sold here as Import
ed Lyons.
"Lyons sausage Is served In the very
finest of hotels and restaurants, and It
may be found on bills of fare, before
the soup, served as an appetizer. For
that purpose it is very excellent. I
fancy that Its Increasing, use In this
manner In New York In recent years
Is due in great measure to calls for it
from Russian visitors. The Russians
have always been fond of Lyons saus
age, as they are also of caviare. New
York Sun.
A Curious Street.
Canton, China, possesses the queerest
street In the world. It Is roofed In with
glazed paper fastened on bamboo, and
contains more signboards to the square
foot than any street In any other coun
try. It contains no other Bhops but
those of apothecaries and dentists.
Physic street Is Its appropriate name.
A New WilL
"Hello, Jasper," exclaimed Spenders,
stopping his rich uncle's valet, "how's
uucle this morning?"
"Well, sir, he Bays he thinks he needs
a change of heir."
"So, he's sent you for the doctor, eh?"
"No for his lawyer." Philadelphia
Press.
Ticking of a Watch.
A watch will tick 100,144,000 times la
a year If It Is kept continuously run
ning. If hard work is creditable, how m
creditable men there are