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THE LATEST
P0&THA5T
CP 'lioa.
MAJESTY
TOE-QUjEN
CTfO IIS war between Great Britain
II iiii'l tiro two Koer republics in
C South Africa may yet be the dc
tvrniiniujs cauw for the long-expected, oft
predicted conflict which is to involve all
the greater and lesser powers of Europe.
Already, says the Chicago Tribune, the
attitude of Europe is sulllcieutly menac
ing to impel Great Britain to take early
steps not only to secure the fruits of the
victory that nation expects to win in
South Africa, but to defend its empire in
sll parts of the k'.ouo iu the event that
ft llnally rejects European interference in
Its plan to make the southern half of the
African continent all British.
In every naval port in Enprland squad
rons are beinij hurriedly fitted out for
ten. A ttron,-; naval force is already as
sembling at Gibraltar, and other battle
ships and cruiwrs are adding their
strength to it every day. Every prepara
tion for calling out the naval reserves
tas been mad, and at the signal England
would be ready for all eventualities.
The movements in European diplomatic
irek's leave no room for doubt that at
least France and Uussia are endeavoring
to secure the assistance of other powers
In joint representations to Groat Britain
Before the clone of the present war. It
Is regarded as certain that neither France
nor Uussiu in acting from motives of
lympathy with the Boers, for if so they
would have entered their protests before
Die negotiations between Kruger and
Chamberlain reached the ultimatum
stage. Therefore it is reasonable to in
fer that if France and Uussia act at or
lefore the close of the present war they
will do so from purely selfish motives,
nd with the expectation of compelling
Um-it Britain to remain passive while
Ihey seize some other parts of the globe
lor their own. Russia's ambition iu the
direction of the Indian ocean is well
known, and France has designs in China
ml Africa which it uever has taken the
pains to conceal.
Iutcreita Are Opoaed.
Unfortunate,!- for n pacific outlook, the
mbitious of both France and Itussia are
dangerous to the British Empire. Eng
land can neither permit France to secure
preponderance iu the control of northern
Africa nor allow ltussia to advance to
the borders of India without practically
destroying the British Empire. Conse
quently, Great Britniu is aliuost certain
o accept the alternative of war, even
In its present "splendid isolation," for to
so power can it turn, unless, perhaps, It
may be to Germany, for assistance. If
Great Britain is finally brought face to
face with the alternative of submisson
to the dictates of Euroe or a war which
halt girt the globe with a belt of flame,
H umi'.tionalkly will choose the dread
Iternative of war.
The attitude of the several European
powers and of the United States, the
probnble direction of such a war, and the
changes it would ultimately make in the
map of the old world nre subjects which
re just now engrossing the attention of
the diplomats of Europe.
The crux of the situation will come
when, after whipping the Boers of the
Transvaal and the Orange Free State in
to submission, Great Britain will make
known Its plans for the future govern
ment of those two republics.
Russia Una Moat to Gain.
In nny future demands on Great Brit
ain Russia will necessarily take the lead,
for the Cr.ar's empire has the most to
gain. Although having the most subtle
and secretive diplomnts in Europe, the
ambition and inflexible purpose of Russia
re well known. In a general statement
Russia's ambition lies in the direction
f an opcu sea, unfettered by the Ice
hackles of winter. Until recently Rus
sian forts faced the ice-clad Baltic, the
Arctic ocean, and the northern l'nclfic.
For six mouths of every year Russia's
merchant steamers and Russia's war
ships were locked in ice and it was not
ntil the recent acquisition from China
of Port Arthur that the Czar's naval
base in the Pacific was rendered effective
by open water the year around.
For years Russia hoped to extend its
empire southward to the Mediterranean,
with Coiisstantinople as the objective
point, but its nmbition, while perhaps not
completely shattered, was indefinitely de
layed by the Congress of Berlin in 1S78,
when Europe erected the quasi indepen
dent Balkan States as a buffer between
the Czar's dominion and the sea.
Since then Russia has been pushing
steadily southward toward Persia and
Afghanistan. All the intrigue of which
Russian diplomacy is capable has been
exerted in securing a preponderating in
fluence in the semi-barbaric courts of the
Ameer and the Shah. So successfully
has this diplomatic intrigue been carried
on that to-day it is generally believed
that Russia has engaged by secret treaty
to occupy Afghanistan with Russian
troops in order to preserve order after
the death of the pivseut Ameer and se
cure the throne to his successor.
And it is an open secret in European
capitals that the Shah has agreed to give
Russia the port of Bunder-Abbis, on the
Persian gulf, whenever Russia chooses to
occupy it, and has also granted conces
sions to Russian syndicates for railways
running from Russian soil to the Persian
gulf. Russia's control of the Persian
gulf would be dangerous to the British
Indian empire.
Russia's designs in China are equally
understood. Already the Czar holds the
Manchurian peninsula nnd is disputing
with Great Britain at Peking the right
to dictate terms and concessions to the
Chinese Government.
France the (zar'a Ally.
As far ns territorial acquisition is con
cerned, France has almost as much to
gain as Russia. Then, too, France is
still smarting under the chagrin of the
Fashoda incident, when a year ago Maj.
March and was unceremoniously bundled
out of the Upper Nile country by Iord
Kitchener.
France has territorial ambitions in Af
rica and China, and unfortunately in the
present crisis these ambitions run counter
to British interests. France would like
to add Morocco to the western frontier
of Algeria, and in a general European
war undoubtedly would eudeavor to seize
It. If united Europe should defeat Great
Britain in war, the latter would be driven
out of Egypt, and the British control
pass to another power, aud France
would again step in to demand the land
of the Pharaohs as its share of the booty.
With Egypt would go naturally the con
trol of the Suez canal, this depriving
Great Britain of its short road to India.
In China France, too, would expect to
gain In a war with Great Britain. France
already has a strong foothold in the Ori
ent. Added to nil this Is the feverish condi
tion of France at home. The army is
disaffected, conspiracies are rife and roy
alist plotting is incessaut. The republic
is torn by internal strife. Nothing would
clear the French atmosphere more thor
oughly than a war in which factional
quarrela at homo would be forgotten nnd
employment given to a great army that
long has chafed under Idleness.
Will Kalaer Aid Queen?
The crux of the whole situation seems
to rest with the German Emperor. If
Germany casts its lot with Europe1;' Great
Britain may as well call out It last avail
able man, for the sea girt empire will
Indeed be in dauger. But there is ap
parent reason to believe that Germany
will cast IU lot with Great Britain.
Several months ago, before the Trans
vaal negotiations assumed a dangerous
phase, Ixrd Salisbury and the German
ambassador to the court of St. James
reached an agreement which to-day la
the most mysterious diplomatic secret
A6ai
aWMi
5v
11
in. ''L1;'"
all Europe. The mysterious agreement
between Great Britain and Germany,
which is exciting so much concern in
Europe, is variously interpreted, the most
probable explanation of its tenor being
hazarded by an English statesman, who
believes it gives Germany free hand in
the Kaiser's pet project of establishing
a great German colonial empire in Asia
Minor.
If Germany unites its fleet with Great
Britain and holds its army ready to
march against France and Russia the
proposed European coalition will end in
bluster. If, on the other hand, Germany
shall finally decide to make terms with
France uud Russia, trusting to an agree
ment with those powers to give it what
it wants in Asia Minor or any other
quarter of the globe, the coalition U as
good as formed.
The SmaUer Powers,
The attitude of the smaller powers Is
worthy of consideration, for they could
hardly escape being drawn into any con
troversy which involves Great Britain,
Russia, France and Germany.
Take Italy first. Italy is almost the
only exclusively Mediterranean power,
and must, for its own protection, exercise
a considerable voice in the control of
that great inland ocean. It is a mem
ber of the dreibund, that offensive and
defensive alliance which calls Italy's
army into the field whenever Germany
or Austria, or both, are attacked. If
Germany involves itself in war either for
or against Great Britain, Italy, by the
terms of the dreibund, is bound to assist.
But aside from the dreibund, Italy has
interests, mostly in the Mediterranean,
and a mythical one in China, which al
most compel it to nttach itself to the for
tunes of Great Britain in the present
crisis. Italy long has asserted its claim
to Tripoli, and by allying itself with
Great Britain Italy would be able to
claim Tripoli when peace was once more
restored.
It may be set down as practically cer
tniu that Austria, if it takes any hand
nt all in the international quarrel, will
do so most unwillingly, and on the side
with which Germany allies itself.
To many it might seem almost ridicu
lous even for a moment to consider Spnin
in connection with the word "war." But
at the same time it must be remember
ed that Spain easily can put from 100,
000 to 150,000 men in the field, providing
the funds were forthcoming. A loan' from
France In the emergency, together with
the hope of securing the retrocession of
Gibraltar from England, might induce
Spain to forget the trouncing it received
from the United States a year ago, and
once more try its fortune at the game of
war.
The position of Turkey might bother
the diplomats on both sides of the con
troversy. It Is difficult to see how the
Sultan could be drawn into the war, nnd
equally difficult to understand how he
could keep out of it. Abdul Ilamid is in
the unfortunate position of being com
pelled to choose sides in a possible con
flict with the certain knowledge that he
will lose with either.
He is bound by the treaty of Berlin
to guard the Dardanelles against the pns
sage of the Russian Black Sea squadron.
He has been enabled by judicious loans
from England to fortify the Dardanelles
so strongly with modern Krupp guns
that he can, if he chooses, batter the Rus
sian warships to pieces when they try to
force their way through into the. Medit
erranean. '
If he uses his Krupp guns against
Russia he will have the Czar's armies
knocking at his door to the north, and
Bulgaria, Servia and Roumania ready
to unite to liberate Macedonia, with Aus
tria waiting for a convenient opportunity
to seize Salonica Bay.
If. on the other hand, the Sultan, even
tacitly allies himself with Russia by
permitting the Blnck Sea squadron to
pass unscathed, he will have Germany
and Great Britain on his back, with the
certainty of losing Asia Minor, in addi
tion to the Buignrian uprising and the
loss of Salonica Bay.
As to the little kingdoms of Europe,
they undoubtedly will be permitted to
remain passive spectators of the great
international tragedy to preserve a
stolid neutrality in the midst of the vor
tex of war about them.
War Around the Globe.
It is almost impossible to appreciate the
magnitude nnd the horror which must
characterize a war involving Great Brit
ain, Russia, Germany, Austria, Italy,
France and Spnin in one general, wide
spread conflict. It would mean a war
oround the globe. All Europe, all Africa,
most of Aaia, the islands of the South
Pacific, the West Indies, nnd the north
ern part of North America would be the
scenes of conflict.
Tho greatest norrors of such a war
would only be realized If Germany and
Its allies In the dreibund should decide
to enter the field. Then France and
Russia would be assailed from each side
by the armies of Germany, Austria nnd
Italy. With the greater powers engross
ed In war, it is almost certain the conflicr
would involve the Balkan States with
Turkey, nnd the Sultan would be compell
ed to make his last stand to retain his
place on the map of Europe.
The enormous sacrifice of life and pn-
ralvsis of nil commerce wnn'd ho ha.
yond computation. Hardly a nation en
gaged m me contest nut would emerge
from it as hopelessly bankrupt and pov
erty stricken as is Spain to-day, and it
is this aspect of the situation that fur
nishes the surest guarantee for peace.
Grent Britain's Defenae.
It Is unoM its navv that "Grent Britain
would depend largely for the defense of
its seagirt empire. Iu India and Egypt,
it is true. Grent Britain's soldiers u-nnl.l
engage in land campaigns which would
tax ineir courage ana endurance to the
utmost. But in nil other respects the
great battles of an international war
would be fought upon the sea. But pow
erful as Great Britain's now is. it- must
be conceded at the outset thnt France
and Russia united can put a navy to sea
that would be terribly effective.
The British navv has been hnilt nn to
its present mammoth proportions cn the
theory that some dnv it will h
fend the empire against a possible coali
tion or tne iMiropean powers. The fleets
in active service are distributed in quar
ters of the globe best situated to fight
such a wf" Naval bases have been lo
cated in view of such a contingency.
In all the discussions leading up to a
possible coalition against Great Britain
the probable position to be
Japan must not be lost sight of. If nec
essary japan s new and powerful navy
would unquestionably be thrown into the
scales on the British side, nnd if so the
issue would be quickly decided in favor
of the alliance between Great Britain
and the 'Oriental 'power.
Wh-re Will America Stand?
There can be no doubt thnt in snA
combination of circumstances the sympa-
uiy or uie great masses of the people of
the United States Would tro out tn fim.t
Britain. But when one goes beyond sym-
puiuy ne win rencn a domain of discus
sion in which it would be uot only dim
cult but dangerous to enter.
Unforeseen contingencies might arise
which would make it difficult for the
United States to hold aloof. It may be
set down as certain that any attempt to
break through the Monroe doctrine, say,
by an invasion of Canada, or the seizure
of the West India Islands, would arouse
a dangerous sentiment in this country,
and this sentiment, it may be remarked,
is one of the strongest defenses Great
Britain could have for the defense of
her possessions on the North American
continent.
It must nlways be remembered that be
fore any nation or combination of na
tions would cVjre seek to attack the Unit
ed btates, eiRier at home or In the far
East, the British fleets must first be de
stroyed, and after the destruction of a
British fleet the enemy's squadron would
be in poor condition for another battle.
Changes In the Maps.
And, finally, when the struggle was
ended and the international congress met
to arrange Its terms of peace, the geog
raphers would have to prepare new maps
of Europe, Asia and Africa.
Money Found in Mall Bags.
It seems almost Incredible that In
the neighborhood of $10,000 In actual
cash should have been confided to let
ters during the lost year, and harder
still to credit thnt the most exhaustive
efforts failed to find the owners of one
fourth of that amount. The envelopes
which are addressed are kept on file
for four years, blank ones not so long,
but in either ease a liberal margin of
time Is allowed for claimants to appear
before the money la finally turned into
the treasury to the credit of the Post
office Department. In addition to the
money contained In letters during the
same period, something like $10,000
was found loose In the mails. It Is
officially styled "loose money."-Ladies'
Home Journal uuics
Careful Inspectors.
In Sweden yarn Is not allowed to be
sold If It contains .0009 per cent, of ar
senic. A carpet has been condemned
by the Inspectors because It contained
one thousandth part of a grain of ar
senic in sixteen square inches-that is
one grain In a piece of carpet tea feet
square.
Shoe for a Lifetime.
A shoemaker says we wear awnv
quite two Inches of shoe leather In a
year. A pair of boots that would "last
a lifetime" would consequently have to
be provided with soles from eight' to
nine feet thick. 0
A Musical King.
King Oscar of Sweden In his younir
days was regarded as the most accom
pllshed tenor In Europe, and could have
made a fortune cut of his voice on the
stage.
Teacher-Johnny, what is a thief?"
Johnny IIardup-"Dunno." Teacher
"Oh! yes you do. Now, what Zml
be If I took money out of your pocket?"
Johnny IIardun-"Wl,y, youse 'ud JVa
pencli'-Ohlo State Journal.
Enthusiasm ReoTe a IT"--
agent, who has been mot.n ?a(
success in Whitnewilia i .."'M
sadly dampened the other d io1
called at a house in town and
tress being abaent, he pSf
son to et bim uh ,lsuaCd b
his machine in a nrncti,.i rits ol
were no dirty clothes in ti, i "H
Bequently the agent SSg
enrmtr man t.- .V..,., i- . "aul the I
j f, v, wu.uj;u Ills Shirt nnil I
him the
the cleansing power of his iT
tion He inserted the shit ft
washer and nlul U u "H
crlnwintr hrt xvitVi A -j . 1
alternated hi Inline i :iDK9'.
and rnvnlviii.T Ma ...i-: ? theEt0
T ; ' uiucinue, the la
the house lmirln ha .
marched straight to the oven m.
flung it wide open. The smoke C
ruined pot of beans fulled theroo
suffocation The agent wasfoSJ
make an ignominious retreat y
he seeks permission to test the machi
now he looks sort of scared as he 2
marks in a casual way: i pJ
uu uoims in the nit.
mdam T.Q,... T , W
............. uvnwiuu juurnai,
The great linden in Wurtembnn ,
800 years old. The city of KeS
was for many years known as theCih
near the Linden. " In 1408 a poem wai
written about it. It was propped k 6?
stone pillars; in 1604 these n-n. t.
creased to 82; in 1832 to 106, li
trunk then measured 87 feet. It mi
wrecked in that year.
ICA3ARRH
COLDS fSGRIPPI
COUGHS'MflCROUP
SORE-MM
I OENERAL JOE VWEELEff
Says of Peruna : "I loin Sena
tors Sullivan, Roach and Mc
Enery In their good opinion ol
Peruna as an effective catarrh
remedy."
PORTLAND DIRECTORS
Fn iil Vlr Wrki-
PORTLAND W1KK .t IKON WOKKSi
and Iron iencliu;: office rHillnir. etc. iw;
AlaohliiMry biiiI
CA
Cll
WSTON it CO.: ESGISKS. HOILERS,
lunery, supplies. 48-60 FlrsiSt., rortltfo-
JOHN POOLE. PoRTtAKD, OMWJ
can give you the best bursar. in gene
machinery, engines, boilers, tanks, pump,
plows, belts and windmills. Tb
steel I X L windmill, sold by him, W
equalled.
Ruptu"
tremed
confide"";
C. H. WOODAnu CO.. 108 SteoniSr.
D
0
MrrIc
IS now
Luntorn Bargain
inr uiw-
flnri
St... Sun Francisco. -
LAOIESI ?.Iy "?nmLlTlU
Blood. Aid location audPrevntBiliouii
notOripeorSlcken. Toconrlnce V" iiE
rnple free, or lull hox for 20c. DH. I"''
CO., PhtUdn., fcuua. Hold by Pruggj".
25c MT. ANGEL 25
Benedietine Salve.
Experience of Many Years Clearly
onatrates the Great Efficiency
This Liniment. Posted.
85o a Box. Address
Benedictine Priory, Mt. AogAJ
Kew Orleans, 'idef!
Rev. Father-Enclosed find money oru
another box of your Salve. ' fl"d. 1 rK' ,
Indeed, and try not to be without ii. J
PATRICK GARRY, ft!! '
Lovisvillk, Ky.. Jnbiu,,l
R" , Fathers-I find your Salve w "
BaU tnat I ever lined. n-.mnlB1
PU. SCHEUVERI, 72 B. 'B