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About Lincoln County leader. (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 15, 1894)
Lincoln County Leader. J. F. STKWAKT, Publisher. TOLEDO OREGON THE STORMY PETRCL. Borne of theCarioua Superstitions of Old Ballon Aliout the Jllrd. One of the best known of the sea birds is the stormy petrel. It is of tenest seen during storms, flying above the waves in search of the shellfish and other small animals that are brought to the surface by the tcmiiest. The Bailors call petrels "Mother Carey's chickens" and do not view them with much favor, owing to their being constant compan ions of storms. Jack thinks that rough Weather may be expected when he sees petrols about and is not quite snre that liiey do not in some way cause the tem pest. When the bird is on the outlook for its prey, it seems to walk on the water. Hence the seumen of olden time, in allusion to the apostle Peter's walking on the water, culled the bird petrel, from the Latin Petrellus, "Little Peter." So far from the sailor's being supersti tions as to the capture of another kind of petrel the Cape pigeon which is of a black and white color and about the size of a tame pigeon, 1 have known Jack to take a hand occasionally in capturing them as a bit of recreat ion during a dog watch. In southern latitudes the Cape pigeons follow a ship in thousands. The method of catching them is peculiar. A common bottle cork is tied to the end of a long pieco of thread and trailed astern so that the cork touches tho water. This gives tho required tautnoss to the thread. As the birds (ly in clouds from side to side UHtern some of them constantly strike the thread with their wings, and the resistance is enough to turn them over it, when tho thread is wrapped round the wing and the bird is hauled on board. In this manner I have seen hundreds caught in a day. On one rtecHsinn n dinner nMn cnw. lng passengers to India, captured pigeons by hundreds, and tho surgeon by some mischunco succeeded in entangling a stormy petrel. Now the doctor was an enthusiastic naturalist and what to tho sailors is known ns a "landlubber" that is, he was on Ids first voyage. The doctor at once took the specimen to his cabin and made preparations to skin and preserve it. In hot husto a deputation of seamen, headed by the old gray haired suilmiikor, came ait with a request that the petrel bo set at liberty, saying Unit otherwise tho ship and all on board would surely suiter. Tho doctor, somewhat surprised, in tended to set tho bird free, but his en thusiasm as a naturalist prevailed over tho superstitious warning, and when tho sailors had disappeared the bird was add ed to his collection. TIri fact soon be came known forward among the men, and tho doctor was regarded with black looks by the crow for the remainder of the voyago. In the course of tiino tho good ship anchored in the Hugh river, and that day at dinner the doctor suddenly died. Tliero was a gathering of the sailors around tho windlass that dogwatch, and tho doctor's sudden death was attributed bythosuperHtilious sailors to his slaugh ter of tho stormy putrid. St. Nicholas. A New Wrlnklit. "Please, sir, will yon give mo B cents?" "Uivo you B cents!" echoed tho young man in surprise, fur his applicant was a pretty, refined looking little girl of about 10 summers, whoso clothing looked as though she were a child of fortune, not of want. "Yes, sir. I want it to pay my car faro with. I lost thu nickel mamma gave inc." Of courso the young man gladly gave the girl the desired 5 cents, and she fairly beamed upon him. Tho incident happened at Broad and Client nut street. Not long after tho young mini was waiting for a car on Walnut Street, ii lid it so happened that ho was thinking of the pretty face of tho child, "Well," mused ho to himself, "I'm glad I happened to bn tliero in time. Some parents are awfully careless of their children, though. Think of thu little thing having to ask for money. It's a aliiiiur!" There came a slight pull at his coat sleeve. Tlien a sweet, weak voice that seemed familiar said, "Please, sir, will you givo mo 3 cents;" Thu young mini turned as if stung. He could hardly believu his owncyce. "You see, sir" begun tho sweet voico again. "Yes, I know all about it. You lost tho money your mother gavo you for car fare." It never phased tho little one, She mailed divinely uud answered, "Y'es.how did you guess it?" Lint thu young man had caught a passing car, and tho look on his face set several of thu passengers wondering. Philadelphia Press. A lltimriimile Ititriitiiider. A simple barometer can be made by filling a common, wide mouthed pickle bottle within three incites of the top with water. An ordinary Florence oil flask should be washed thoroughly and tripped of its straw covering. This should bo inverted uud its neck plunged as far as it will go iu tho pickle Iku1o. This gives a complete barometer. In flue weather tho wutor will rise into the neck of the flask higher than the neck of the pickle bottle, in wet and windy weather it will full to within an inch of the mouth of the flask, lteforc a heavy gale of wind and at b ust eight hours before the gale reached its height the water lias, it it said, liecn seen to leave tho flask alto gether. New York Telegram. A lludlnru Hook. Young Fish There's a hook with nles worm on it. Old Fish Keep away from that. Young Fish I've stolen lots of worms off of hooks. Old Fish Yes, hut there isn't any fashion plate fr fleeted iu the water this time. That book Niungs to a freckled . faced boy, with a rugged straw hat New York Weekly. Hardly to lie Ki peeled. "Were you calm and collected at tba battle of Sedan, major?" "Well, madam, 1 wus calm enough, but I wasn't collected. With a leg in one part of the field, an arm iu another and uiy left ear in a third place, collec tion was difficult." Pearson's Weekly. Ho Show That Night. Albert llosclus Boulklclgu UuU arrivd In Uanivllle) Why, my Unit boy, do ru thrjw snowballs bo persistently at yonder street sign? Utile Hoy (continuing to throw)-Preo. Uoia fur touight's show. C'hioago Kvcord. REMARKABLE DREAMS. Premonition or tba Death of s Butte Clt Woman and Her Bister. A short tine n-ro Mrs. Thomas J. Jef fries of Butu City, Mon., was killed at A railroad crossing while out driving. Many of the friends of the deceased lady now re call a presentiment she had of her approach ing death and in the manner she met IU Only a few days before her death the called on several of ber neighbors and told them be bad an indescribable feeling of impend ing danger, and that she knew she would toon die. Her friends tried to persuade her that there was nothing to fear from such a pre sentiment and urged ber to dismiss the matter from her mind. She would not be dissuaded, however, and requested the friend to whom she was talking to interest herself in the child when she wasdead;also named certain of her neighbors whom she desired to prepare her body for burial. At the same time she expressed a wish that no other persons be permitted to touch her body.' In fact, she made all suggestions for ber funeral and the care of the child she would leave motherless. A day or two before the fatal accident Mrs. Jeffries was out buggy riding with a party. During the drive they Imd occasion to cross a railroad track. A train was ap proaching from the distance, and although so fur awr.y that there was no danger the lady thought the accident she so vividly ex pected was about to overtake ber and near ly fainted in consequence. When all danger had passed, her attention was called to the evident absurdity of her fears, but she sim ply maintained that the time had not yet arrived, and that sooner or later ber pre sentiment would prove true. As a further evidence of the lady's strange power to forecast and receive pre monitions of impending calumities, it is re lated by one of her friends that some time ago she hud a vivid dream of a funcri 1 passing her door. Hue asked some one as to whoso funeral it was. The answer, as she heard it. in her dream, whs that tho dead person was her sister. Mrs. Jeffries felt that the dream portended something unVrtonnte, but was hardly prepared for the telegram whl : i sho received next day telling of dc u of her sister, which occurred at her homo iu tho east. Mrs. Jeflries was the last of a family of children. A brother of hers was also killed in an accident several years ago, and it is related that the ramc r.trange gift tho had a premonition of his death. Pittsburg Dispatch. The Last or Ills Ilace. Important officials sometimes forget that tliero are persons who can afford to disre gard their Importance. A purse proud old nobleinau was traveling through the rural districts of (Sweden. Due day lie stopped his carriage at a country tavern and called out in an imperious tone: "Horses, landlord! Horses at once!" "I am very much pained to inform you that you will have to wait over an hour be fore fresh horses can lie brought up," re plied tho landlord calmly. "Howl" violently exclaimed the noble num. "This to met My man, I demand horses immediately." Then observing tho fresh, sleek looking ones which were being led up to another carriage, ho continued: "Fur whom uro those horses?" "They were ordered for this gentleman," replied tho landlord, pointing toa tall, slim Individual a few paces distant. "I say, my man," called out the noble man, "will you let inn bnve tboso horses if I pay you a liberal bonus?" "No," answered tho slim man. "I intend to use them myself." "Perhaps you are not aware who I am!" roared tho now thoroughly agitated and Irato nolileniun. "I am, sir, Field Marshal Huron lieorge Hpurro, tho lust uud only one of my nice." "I am very glad to hear that," said the slim man, stepping Into his carriage. "It would be a terrible thing to think that there might lie mora of you coming. I nm inclined In think that your raco will bu a foot raeo." Tho slim muu was the king of Stvedun. Youth's Companion. 1'osttlon During Sleep. Almost every ono has a fuvorito position during sleep, and no end of theories and be liefs is Indulged In on the subject of the proper position, location and mineral condi tion for that sleep "that knits up tho rav eled sluBVeuf care." Maiiyphysieiunsarguo that ono should cultivate tho habit of sleep ing on tho right side, especially if one has Indulged In a full meal lato in tlio evening The food makes its exit from the stomack on the right ide, and It Is for this reason claimed that the position Is more favorable to digestion without olTort. This Is impor tant, as allot the facilities and functions should have a certain amount of rest, and In uo way is this as easily attainable as during the hours of sleep. Other iiuthorlt ies say that one should al ways lie on tho back, but there are excel lent reasons why this Is not wise. Tho weight uf the stomach and Its contents rests upon tho spine, which often affects the nerves. Homo severe eases of innomnia have ticcn cured by tho huhit of sleeping on the face. This Is easy to do and Is the most comfortable position If ono dispenses with the pillow. One young man, w ho hud ex hausted all thu skill of the doctors, fell into tho habit of lying on his face, with bis right arm under his head, which was turned slightly to ono side. Hy this chnngu natu ral ret soon oauio to him, anil he entirely recovered. Whatever osltloti one may choose to take, a little practice will makett comfortable, and the experiment la well worth trying. Xew Yolk Ledger. A Wi-ililhii nn Wheel. In order to assist lieorge J. Hefoy and Mrs Mary F.llen Simpsou to be iiimtiih; and catch the Victoria boat. Justice Sharp this morning mule them iiiau and wtfu in a hack while the horse were lieitig driven at a rapid mce to the wharf. A minister refused to marry the conpln, and only ten minutes re inuincd More the departure of the boat when the justice was found. Tacoma Cor. Seattle Post-Intelligencer Water the Color i.f lllomt. The red snow which covers the criin sou dills uf the coast of (trcrnlaiid was slipped to tw due to the tvtleviion of a red aurora, but it is now known to Is caused by a miuiitoorgamsm Not long ago the water of Port Jackson harbor Sydney, became the color of Wood, and on investigating the mutter Mr. Thomas Whitelegge found the color produced by myriads uf a species of Ulotiodiuiniu. New York Journal. Two Veare llelwevn Steele. Two years ago Mrs. Adam Windier of Whitehall, ate her lust heart v meal Then she rapidly lost all desire for food ami finally she could .not cut a iiiorwi For more than a yeai ulie has fasted not being able to eat at all. Hers in the most wonderful case of the kiud pliysi clan have any record of. She is grow ing weaker. Cor. Philadelphia Kecord The "tribute of shawls" annually paid by the government of Cashmere to the queen of Kngland, and principally used by her for wedding preaeuts, has recent ly arrived at Windsor. Hie largest Herman sailing vessel Is a four masted bark, built at tlcmleuiuude. Kite measure .7tfo tons net and baa caT tug capacity of 4.4JU lout EASTERN MELANGE. New York Chinese Engage in the Mercantile Business. AS ASTI-WILSOX BILL PETITION Uufe Gold Xugget Found In Colora do Railroad Employes En joined from Striking-. Of seventy-nine suicides in Boston last year sixty were women. The World's Fair expenses amounted at Chicago to over $20,000,000. New York city brewers have given $10,000 to relieve the unemployed. Proceedings for the dissolution of the Chicago gas trust, it is said, are contem plated iu Illinois. A gold nugget weighing 15fl pounds has been found on the Campion property at lireckiurtdge, Col. The merchants of St. Louis are paying the school tax, which they have been fighting in the courts. There was a decrease of $3 per mile in the net earnings of the railroads of the country thu past year. A syndicate of English capitalists lias bought the Fisk gold mine near Black hawk, Col., for $500,000. The largest di.itillery in the world is to be built at Terre Haute, Ind., as a rival to the whisky trust. The Mississippi Legislature voted down a bill for the establishment of a disabled Confederates' home. A Baltimore packer w ill erect in Omaha one of the largest vegetable and chicken canning factories iu the West. Surprisingly favorable results are said to have resulted from experiments in feeding wheat to hogs in Kansas. Baltimore lire insurance underwriters lutvu turned Lou titles because ul i'uv al leged inadequate fire department. The estimated revenue of Chicago for this year will bo aliout $8,000,000. Last year the revenue was f 1,000,1)00 more. Malignant tonsilitis, due to cigarette- smoking, caused the death of Commo dore C. H.Colt of Hartford in Florida. The silver production of the United States last year is estimated at 00.000.- 'Vki ounces, against (15,000,000 ounces in 1802. The total property loss of Kansas Citv by lire last year was about (703.715. witii insurance involved to the amount of $4, 1170,000. According to Secretary Carlisle the people of Utah owe the United Slates f72!i,6ri.ri lor thu expenses of prosecutions si ncu 1H76. Tho Mavor of Cincinnati has been au thorized bv tho Council to expend $100.- 000 for improvements to givu work to the unemployed. Iu Khoilo Island they still ring the Statehouso bell to call the Legislature together. It is a large bell, and can be heard all over thu Statu. Many Chinese in Now York have dis carded thu laundry business and devel oped into merchants. The Oriental goods mo popular in the metropolis. Tho Baltimore American expects the proposed electric railway between Balti more and Washington to bu in operation neioru lliu summer ot next year. A bill is to be introduced in tho New York Legislature to provide for the es tablishment in cities of 75,000 inhabi tants of free public bureaus of employ ment. The troubles in thu Mansfield mining district iu Pennsylvania aru at an end apparently. Thu Slavs, who rati things as they pleased lor awhile, have been cowed. Tho railroad employes of Pennsylvania luivo formed an association to combine on candidates for thu Legislature. It is c aimed that 100,000 men will voto to gether. The ollicial returns show an Increase in exports from Canada for thu past s'x months of nearly (4,000,000. Thu im ports for the past six months increased $500,000, I ho speech of Senator Jones of Ne vada during the silver debate will till ninety pages of the Congressional Rec ord, and a special number has been as signed to it. On thu proposed subwav to cross the city of Boston $5,000,000 are to bu ex pended. Passengers will bo carried from I "in k Square to the Union station on Causeway street in four minutes. The petitions presented to Congress sguinst the Wilson bill hear thu names ot 1,250,000 persons, tho largest nuiiilier ol remonstrants ever known in thu ease of a pending scheme of legislation. The New York Statu Railroad Com mission intends to ask legislation giving it power to act us arinter in grade-cross-ing u alters. The idea comes from Mas sachusetts, wliere.it has been successful. Judge McAdum of the Superior Court of New York, who has prohuhlv granted more divorces than any living Judge, has ruled that if men set traps to catch un- laitlilul wives they cannot get divorces. Judge Dundy at Omaha has issued an outer i educing wages on tho Union IV cillc system. The average reduction per man is $.1.52 per month. Thu employes are enjoined from striking against the cut. ltostou has been seized with the sub urb annexation fever again. A bill has been introduced in the Legislature to ul low tho "Hub" to gather to itself all towns within ten miles of its gilded Maleliouso dome. President Harper of the Chicago Uni versity is rciHirlcd to have stated that the story of Cain and Able is a myth, with no more truth in it, as far is known. than the story of thu wooden borso that tigured in thu capture of Trov, or thiiii the mvth of Remus and Romulus as connected w ith the founding ot Koine The I .aw and tinier league at Jackson ville, Ha., lias resolved to make it livclv (or the principals, aiders and alx'ttors in the CorlsMt-Miti hell tight. It hohUthat the injunction grunted by Judge Call was un evasion ol thu prescribed statutes, and if thu Slate authorities do not very soon bring the matter up for review iii thu Supreme Court, the league willdoao. Thu peculations of James Anderson of Indiana, a well-connected ladof IS years, who is ein ploved as a messenger iii thu Treasury vaults at Washington, prove more serious than was at tirst supposed. They ant mitt to $7t4 as far as ascer tained, and the inquiry is still iu prog ress. When the theft was tirst discovered it was supposed to amount only to a few dollars, and at the request of the Treas ury officials publication ol the fact was suppressed. Anderson had access to the I silver vaults for the purpose of showing visitors through, lie pried open the wood work ol some of the silver chests near the lattice work, slit the bags con taining the silver dollar and helped himself to a few dollars at a time as he wauled tlieiu. FOREIGN CABLEGRAMS. Berlin intends to annex some rich sab orbs. The English naval estimate (or 1894 amount to 7,000,000. The Queen of Afghanistan baa decided to adopt European dress. Paris may follow Manchester's exam ple and become a seaport. Thousands of peasants are in a itarv-, ing conuuion in Hungary. A pedigree look of high-bred cats has just been publisned in England. A comparison of French exports shows a great decrease in the year past. Kossuth says his " History of Hun gary " is almost ready for the prees. People in England are fined 40 shil lings for walking on a railroad track. Sweden will aripnil t9. 700 I I1V1 urlm f..i- five years in building new war ships. Ixindoners pay a trifle over 4 a head in taxes, local and national, per year. Premier Crispi expresses great desire to end the commercial war with France. It lias been definitely settled that Eng land is to buy the trunk-line telephones. The Emperor of Germany has become interested in the American game of poker. In no country has the marriage rate declined to greatly in recent years as in Ireland. For commenting too freely on govern ment plans the Moniteur 'de Rome has been suspended. In the opinion of the London Times the new American bonds are not likely to be taken in England. '1 ho Liverpool overhead electric rail way has proved a great success in its op eration since lust March. Russia and France are preparing for an intereonferring of honors during the coming Franco-Russian fetes. The Japanese Emperor has just re ceived from the Kaiser of Germany as a present a uorse vamea at fU,lJ0. From all accounts from Germany the young Kaiser made all the advance for reconciliation with Prince Bismarck. Mr. Balfour in his speech at Manches ter announced that England has now on laud io scares trance and itussia. Brigandage has become more common in Spain in consequence, the authorities say, of the large number of unemployed, i During last year 13.047 fewer emiirrantn 1 left the United Kiuirdom for nlaees out of Europe than during the previous year. I he grandson of jrl Bvron child of the bsplcss Ada has succeeded to the earldom of Lovelaco by the death of Ins father. A new kind of fuel, made from solidi fied petroleum and other materia Is. is now being extensively manuiactured in r ranee. The French customs revenue for 1893 whs 28,000.0011 francs below the estimate and 2 ",ti00,000 francs below the revenue of 1HD2. Tim French Chamber of Deputies baa rejected 347 to !I0 a motion to reduce thu taxes of farmers cultivating thuir own fields. . The Prussian budget for 18P-4 shows a deficit of $10,000,000, mostly due to in creased war expenses in a time of pro found peace. The amount of money received and expended for the relief of the miners during the recent general strike in Eng- iuiki was Jtuu.v i-i. The government of Francois convert ing its 4' per cent bonds into S'i per cents in order to save 1 pr cent iu the annual interest charge. The Belgian armv has a soldier (1 feet li1... inches tall, who is allowed double rations, on recommendation of his Colo nel, on account of his size. Gladstone is so admired in Spain that all parties in tho Basque provinces have sent to him at Biarratz a neighborly message and a symbol of liberty. The next Universal Exposition opens in Antwerp on May 5 of this year. The next alter that, as far as at present known, will be the Paris Exposition of 1000. Berlin cab drivers to tho number of between 400 and 500 have struck against a polieo order requiring them to wear white glazed huts as a distinguishing murk of their calling. The Russian government, which aban doned the idea of an income tax some time ago, has now determined to impose a tux upon the rental of occupied houses, to bu paid by the tenants. It costs Great Britain $20,000 to scrape the barnacles oil' the bottom of one of its big nien-of-war and repaint it, and this lias to be done twice a year in the case of nearly every vessel. There are some signs in Russia of a relaxation of thu authorities toward the peasants and Socialists. A greater meas ure of economic justice is hinted at in many public documents. The Czar in a telegram to the Governor of Moscow expressing thanks for New Year's congi at illations says: " May God grant peace, ro t ami general welfare to nil nations, nod more especially to my own dear country." Paris, not satisfied with the river Seine, seeks a shorter cut to thu open sea, and a ship canal to Rouen has la-en proposed. There would be no great physical obsta cles in tho w ay, since the points are only alsiitt seventy miles apart. According to sn advertisement con tained in the Punish Government Ga zette, published in Copenhagen, two big volcanoes are for sale. They are situat ed in Iceland, and are the principal at tractions id the island. The owner asks for them the sum of $400 u piece. A concession has been secured by an Aniciican tor the construction of an electric railway lK-tweeii Tokio and Yo kohama, a distance of about thirty miles. Two American engineers are said to l now on their wav to Japan in con nect ion with the matter. Tliero may be another attempt at rev olution in the Republic of Colombia. The government is on the alert. General Ruiz, military chief of the Liberals in the piovin -e of Panama, has been ar rested in H.iranquiila and taken to Pan ama. He is guaided moot carefully. The S.x-iulist students of the Univer sities of Beilin, Freiburg. Mucnster, Marburg and Kiel for the tirst time in thu Instoiy of German universities have made a public declaration of their So cialist sentiments by dispatching an ad dress to the International Congress of Socialist Students at Geneva. Lieutenant John H. Alexander, a tal- i cnted colored officer, ho has been ap j pointed to the professorshp of military science and tactics at Uberlorv I ni veiity, WilU-rforee, ., is the tiist ap pointment of its kind to be made in this country. Pittsburg is very happy over the ar rival of a heavv cargo of molasses by steamer direct from New Orleans, the tlist on 'l. Heretofore the rule has Invn to break cargo at Cincinnati and re ship. Kosina Yoke was the last ol the fa mous family ot that name. FABM AND GAKDEN. Culled Matter of Interest to the Thoughtful Farmer. DRAWIXG WATER FfiOH A WELL Cement Replacing- Boards for Floor Iitf uf Stables, Piggeries, Cowsheds, Etc. Cement is largely replacing boards for flooring of summer kitchens, poultry and dairy houses, for stables, piggeries, cowsheds, walks. Wherever the place the principle is the tame. Dig out suffi cient to admit from twelve to twenty inches of stone, large at the bottom, with smaller to till iu the chinks. Pound the stone well together, so there shall be no alter settling and to leave as little space between as possible. Mix one part beet cement and two parts sharp sand with water, to be thin enough to pour, and use for filling among the stones. The next coat should be thicker and be a couple of inches aliove the stones and not used until it hardens. Whether walk or floor prepare always for the wash; that is, have a slope to a drain that will prove a water-shed. The beauty of the floors aside from their indestructibility is that they can be washed ; but to have all the good that should follow flushing there must be a drain. Some say cement floors are too cold for poultry and cattle sheds and pig pens. No one questions this, but no one supposes such floors are to remain bare, but are to be covered with litter. Tons of leaves have already been gathered for the poultry-house. In one place several loads of earth have been brought in, and it is already scat tered two inches deep over the "floors. The droppings, raked up once a week. go into burrels under cover for use in the garden next spring. In the cow and pig pens and in the stables the litter is straw, and a exid generous lied of it. The flisirs in the horse, cow and pig houses should have drains for carrying the liquid ma nure to reservoirs prepared to save it. WELL VS. 1-00HLY BALANCED RATIONS. From a lato bulletin of the Maryland agricultural station on data as between a well-balanced vs. a poorly-balanced ration we give a summary of conclusions as follows : For fattening steers a well balanced ration is very much more prof itable than a poorly-balanced one. Steers fed on a well-balanced rat on made an average daily gain of 2.78 pounds; those given a poorly-balanced ration made an average daily gain of 1.7 pounds. The increased profits from this test showing a dill'erence of 1 08 per steer were in fa vor of the well-balanced ration. With a well-balanced feed ninety days is ample time in which to piepare an "animal foi maiket. Where the more nitrogenous foods are used it is believed nearly as good daily gains can be made by mixing the grain with cut corn fodder as though bay were used. The use of cut com fod der instead of hay m feeding cattlu may make the difference of a profit instead of a loss. Kilty per cent more manure was made from the animals receiving thewell-biiliiuced ration than Irom those receiving the poorly-balanced one. The manure is also much richer in plant food. don't enlakok the farm. Farm Newa says; There seems to be a very general desire on the part of the farmers ot this country to obtain a larger quantity of hind. There are cases in which this is a wise ambition, but such instances are not nearly as common as is the wish to obtain larger farms. Under the present conditions of agriculture our farmers us a iiilealrt ody have more land than they can cultivate to the best ad vantsge. As things are now, and as they are likely to be for a long time to come", the profits of farming are to be increased by securing larger crops per acre rather than by tilling a larger number of acres. Most of the farmers w ho wish tlmt they bad more land now on considerable areas which have not vet been brought nearly up to their limit of profitable production. In these cases the owners will find it much more profitable to ma nure their present tields more liberally and cultivate them more thotouglily than it will be to spread their work over a huge number of ucrcs. BEST WAY OP MAKING HAY. The poor men in Finland accidentally discovered the best way of making hay". Having no meadows of their own, they cut the grass oil' waste lands, and for want of roads they stinted it among the branches of neiglilsirmg trees to wait the winter snows, when they could carry it home on sledges. After a wet season the farmers noticed this hay was better in quality than they iiiude" from better grass, so they made' imitation trees by setting up poles ten feet long, with long traverse pegs, and heaped the grass loose ly upon them; tho result was excellent. Even in wet weather onlv a small por tion of the outside was dissolved, while the inner portions, exposed to the air beneutli and protected from the rain above, are dried in perfect condition. Mowing can bo carried on in spite ol wind and ruin, and when once the grass is placed upon the drying polos it may be left without serious damage until the weather changes. PKlWISO WATER FROM THE WELL. The cheapest and easiest method of drawing water from a well 100 feet deep is by a force pump and a windmill, says the Rural World. To convey the water to a house on an elevation a pipe may be attiicncd io a pump, and to keep up a constant supply there should lie a cistern near the bouse, w Inch would hold a stock for uc in case of failure of the wind at anytime. Where thu cold is intense in the winter the pump inuv be placed in the cellar, well protected by a bank over it and a double door, and the discbarge pipe should be laid in the ground below the reach of the frost. It will ba a help to till the ditch in w hich the pie is laid with sawdust or cluill' and to lay the pipe in a wooden Ikx, so as to have air around it. THE Ct.trrlNO OF HOKSES. The benefits ol clipping are that horses at work, encumliered by long, thick coats ol iiair, sweat prolusely, and thereby cause a great waste to the system, anil their health and usefulness are promoted by the removal ol their natural covering. When sweating from any cause unduly occurs in the horse it is always noticed that it is accoinpsnicd bv waste of mus cle, general debility and loss of tone. The Flnt l'Uno. JCo one can tell exactly w ho made the first piano for the reason that it has graduallv "evolved-' from an instrument as much un like itself as one could well imagine. Io h twelfth century It appears to have been a gigantic dulcimer, w hich was merely n oblong box holding a series of strings ar ranged in triangular form across its center. Iu the thirteenth nnd fourteenth centuries the "clavtcfcord," another niuical mon tjosity, had developed from it and was Osfd well up in the eighteenth century. About 171 1 Christofnll cf Padua Invented a ril piano, but it U naid to remind one of a coal box wLn compared with the rleaot i d Prf3 tgaed. iustxumentot today.-' ' THE PORTLAND MARKETS. Wheat Vallev, 87$90c; Walla Walla, 8081c per cental. provisions. Eastern Smoked Meats and Lard Hams, medium, 12 g 13c per pound; hams, large, llj12.c; bams, picnic, 11 (a. 12c; breakfast bacon, 13(15c; short clear sides, llgl3c; dry salt sides, lOsQllc; dried beef hams. 12 13c; lard, compound, in tins, 9i10jic per pound; pure, in tins, llj135c; pigs' feet, 80s, $5.50; pigs' feet, 40s, $3.00. BOPS, WOOL AND HIDES. Hops '93s, choice, 15 16c per pound ; medium, 10(gl2c; poor, 6(u7c. Woot. Valley, 10llc per pound; Urnpqua, ll(ftl2c; Eastern Oregon, 6 10c, according to quality and shrinkage. Hides Dry selected prune, 6c; green, salted, 00 pounds and over, 3,L2c; under oO pounds, 2iij 3c; sheep pelts, shearlings, 10(xl6c; medium, 2035c; long wool, 30 (a 00c; tallow, good to choice, 33,V per pound. LIVE AND DRESSED MEAT. Beef Top steers, $2.50 3.00 j fair to good steers, $2.00uj2.25; cows, $2.00 2.25; dressed beef, 4(a6)c per pound. Mutton Best sheep, $2.50; ewes, $2.25; lambs, $ . Hogs Choice heavy, $4.00(34.25 ; me dium, $4-00; light and feeders, $3.90 4.00; dressed, 6(270 per pound. Veai, Small choice, 6c; large, 4c per pound. CORDAGE. Manilla rope, li in.cir. and up, 10)c; inanilla rope, 12-tliread, diain., 11c; mauilla rope, 6 and 9-thread, M and 5-16 diain., ll,Stc; inanilla bail rope, in coils or on reeis, 1032c; manilla lath yarn, tarred, 9c ; manilla hawser-laid rope well boring, etc., 13c; manilla transmission-of-power rope, 14c; manilla paper twine, 11c; manilla spring twine, 14c; sisal rope, 1 4 in. cir. and upward, 7c; sisal rope, 12-thread, dium.. 7c; sisal rope, 0 and 9-thread, 1 and 5-16 diam., 8c; sisal lath yarn, tarred, 7c; hop-vine twine, tarred, 7c ; sisal paper twine, 8$c. FLOUR, FEED, ETC. Flour Portland, $2.75; Salem. $2.75: Cascadia, $2.75; Dayton, $2.75; Walla walla, 3.ou; bnowtlake, $2.80; Corval lia, $2.65; Pendleton, $2.65; Graham, 2.40; superfine, 2.25 per barrel. Oats White, 3334c per bushel; gray, 3132c; rolled, in bags, $6.25 6.60; barrels, $0.75(7.00; in cases, $3.75. Millstuffb Bran, 1316: shorts. $15(16; ground barley, $1618; chop feed, $15 per ton ; whole feed barlev. 60(5l 70c per cental; middlings, $23(d28 per ton; chicken wheat, 05c (g $1.15 per cental. Ha Good, $1012 per ton. DAIRY PRODUCE. Butter Oreiron fancv creamerv. 30(3 32,'6e; lancy dairy, 25(i27)ac; lair to good, 20(a22,ljc; common, lOigniac per pouna; uaiilornli, DUiitooo per roll. Cheese Oregon, 10(gl3c; Califor nia, c; Young America, 1215c; Swiss, imported, 30(g32c; domestic, 16 IHc per pound. Eaos Oregon, 1415c per dozen ; East ern, nominally the same. Poultry Chickens, mixed, quoted at 3.00wt3.50 per dozen; ducks, $4.00(3 6.00; geese, $8.509.00; turkeys, live, uy iic per pound ; dressed, 14c. VEGETABLES AND FRUITS. Vegetables California cabbage, U4C per pound ; potatoes, Oregon, 60ta75c per sack ; onions, $1.25 per sack ; sweet pota toes, 3c per pound; California celery, 5(i!l0cj artichokes, $1.00ffl.l0 per dozen; California lettuce, 2035c per dozen; Oregon hothouse lettuce, 40 50c; cauliflower, $2.76 per crate, 90c per dozen; parsley, 25c per dozen; sprouts, $1.00(ji;1.25 per box; string beans, 15(a,18c per pound; asparagus, 12'..c per pound; Los Angeles tomatoes, $2.00 per box. rauiTssiicily lemons, $4.00(24.50 pel box; California fancy, $3.50(u;4.00; com mon, $2.50i3.00; bananas, $1.50(3.00 per bunch; Honolulu, )f 1.60(22.50; Cali lornia navels, $2 25 u2.75 per box; seed lings, $1.25(u2.00; Japanese, $1.75(2.00; sunllower, $2.76; apples (buying price), green, 60(265c per box; ted, 5075c tale winter pears, 65(a80c per box. CANNED GOODS. Canned Goods Table fruits, assorted, $1.76.2.00; peaches, $1.86(s2.00; Bart lett pears, $1.76(!52.O0; plums, $1.37), i.ouj strawoernes, $2.zo(s.4o; cherries, $2.25(t2.40; blackberries, $1.85(a2.00; laspberries, $2.40; pineapples, $2.25($ 2.80; apricots, $1.65. lie fruits, assorted, $1.20; peaches, $1.25; plums, $l.U0sl.20; blackberries, $1.25(g 1.40 per dozen. Pie fruits, gallons, assorted, $3.15(it3.50; peaches, $3.604.00; apri cots, $3.50(g4.00; plums, $2.76(g3.0O; blackberries, $4.26(g4.50 ; tomatoes, $1.10. Meats Corned beef, Is, $1.50; 2s, $2.25; chipped, $2.40; lunch tongue, Is, $3.60; 2s, $0.75(a7.00; deviled ham. $1.60 iu2.75 per dozen; roast beef, Is, $1.50; 2s, 2.25. Fish Sardines, Js, 75c$2.25j Js, $2.15(d4.60; lobsters, $2.30(o;3.50; sal mon, tin 1-lb talis, $1.25(31.50; flats, $1.75;2-lbs, $2.26(32.60; -barrel, $6.60. STAPLE GROCERIES. Coffee Costa Kica, 23.Sc; Rio, 22,'s 23c; Salvador, 23S;c; Mocha, 26)j(3 28c; Arbuckle's, Columbia and Lion, 100-pound cases, 25(330c per pound. Dried Fruits 1893 pack, Petite prunes, 0(u8c; silver, 10(3 12c; Italian, SifllOc; Herman, 6(?8c; plums, 6(3 10c: evaporated apples, 8(3 10c; evaporated apricots, 15((jl6c; peaches, 10(sl2c; pears, 7 (3 He per pound. Salt Liverpool, 200s, $15.60; 100s, $16.00; 60s, $16.60; stock, $8.60(39.60. SYRl'r Eastern, in barrels, 40ia55c; in half barrels, 42ia 57c; in cases, 35(3 80c per gallon ; $2.25 per keg ; California, 111 barrels, 20(3 40c pef gallon ; $1.75 per keg. Sugar D, 4'8'c; Golden C, 4s'c; extra C, 44j c ; confectioners' A, 6 lgc ; dry gran ulated, 5'4c; cube, crushed and pow dered, 6,c per pound ; 4C per pound discount on all grades for prompt cash; maple sugar, 15(3 16c per pound. Kick No. 1 Sandwich Island, $4.75 5.00; no Japan in market. Beans Smull white, No. l,2?4'c; No. 2, 2'sc; large white, 2c; pea beans, 2'4c; pink, 2'8c; bayou, 2'4c; batter, 3c; Lima, 3'4c per pound. Pickles Barrels, No. 1, 28ig30c per gallon; No. 2, 26(S28c; kegs, 6s, 85c per keg; half gallons, $2.75 per dozen; quar ter gallons, $1.75 per dozen. Kaisiss Iyondon lavers. boxes. 1.75 (92.00; halves, $2.00(32.25; quarters, $2.25(32.75; eighths, $2.50(33.00. Loose Muscatels, boxes. $1.50; fancy faced, $1.75; bugs, 3 crown, 4le(it5c per pound; 4 crown. 5iJ6l,c. Seedless Sultanas, boxes, $1.75(32.00; bags, 6(i8c per pound. Si-ices Whole Allspice, 18(3 20c per pound; cassia, Kk318c; cinnamon, 22(i 4V; cloves, 18 .t;S0e; black pepper, 20 25c; nutmeg, "5v380c. Vlolrtt Arm I'rufltabla. Violets cut no mean figure in the trade of New York, and in seasons when they esca disease they are highly profitable i nit- gruwers vine nonst. whose green houses are just on the edge or the city picked from twenty five to thirty dollar worth or violets weekly ail throngh the winter, although the plant occupied a comparatively small area. The cost of picking 1 little or nothing, and a skill ful picker acquainted with the nature or the plant can cnll so that the fertility of the plants shal.' be vastly tncTMaed. Nw York Letter. ON SHORT ALLOWANCE. Bow a Shrewd Sea Captain Slade ni Sap. piy 01 vt ater "Water, water everywhere, nor any drop to drink." Few people beside sail ors can appreciate the terrible import of these simple jvords. A correspondent writes that on a short whaling, or, as sailors say, '"plum pudding voyage," which he once made in the brig Arnol da of Nantucket, Shubael Hlggins, mas ter, they ran short of water, and at last the captain decided to put into Goree, on the west coast of Africa. As they earea tne cape ae v erue islands, how ever, and got into what are known to sailors as the horse latitudes, the wind fell calm, and the vessel drifted idly on the water. As day after day passed with no signs of wind. Captain Higgins became impa tient. The surface of the ocean was as smooth as a mirror, and as the long, heavy swells came from the regions of the trade winds, the vessel rolled and tossed about like a cork upon the water. We furled the square sails to prevent their being worn out in slamming against the mast. The staysails were all set and the sheets hauled taut, which eased her somewhat in her rolling. By this time the water had run so short that the captain felt obliged to adopt some plan to avoid all unnecessary drinking. Calling tne to his side, he said, "Boy, bring me a new tin dipper from the slop chest." I did so. Then the captain bad all hands called aft. "Men," he said, "I have always dread ad to put my crew on short allowance, but the time has come when something must be done to save what little water we have left." With that he took a piece of spun yarn from his pocket, and tied it to the handle of the dipper. Then turning to me, he said, "Take this to the masthead and tie it there." "Now," said he, addressing the men, "you can have all the water you want to drink, but you must first go to the top of tho iaai:t and got ths dipper, and after drinking all you need you must carry the dipper back and tie it to tho mast again. Under no conditions will one of you pass the dipper to another. Every man must get the dipper for himself. In case of sickness, 1 will send the boy aloft for the sick man. This rule will apply to all on board, myself included." At first we regarded the matter as a joke on ths captain's part, but ns the days wore on and each of us made his trip aloft after the dipper the novelty wore off. We soon found, however, that the captain's plan for saving water was a very effectual one. The ship's scuttle butt, which formerly we had been obliged to replenish from the casks every other day, would now run a week with out refilling. We were becalmed just 60 days. Then the trade wind set in, and we proceeded to Goree and refilled our casks. But the memory of the trips I made aloft after that dipper and the spirit in which Cap tain Higgins performed his part of the contract, left an impression on my mind which remains to this day. Youth's Companion. Timet "What a curious wooden hammer, Miss Lilian!" "Yes. It was presented to papa many years ago by a lodge of some kind that he was presiding over at the time. I sup pose he used it when he wanted to open the lodge or call some brother to order." "Speaking of lodges, Miss Lilian, what do you think of men who join them and neglect their er wives and all that sort of thing?' "I think they are not doing their duty, Mr. Spoonamore." "S-so do II We agree exactly on that. A man who would abandon the society of his his wife, you know, to go down town four or five times a week, and meet a lot of other men, and go through the mummery they call initiation, and smoke cigars, and have a good time why, it isn't right, you know." The young woman toyed with the lit tle wooden hammer and said nothing. "And that's why I feel bold to say, Miss Lilian, that I think you and I would h'm would never have any dis agreements if we should because that's the way I feel about it, and and I've never talked this way to you before, you know, for I wasn't exactly certain wheth erand all that sort of. thing. When two persons agree on things like this, it stands to reason that there might be other things they would also and you haven't known me a great while perhaps, bnt I feel that you're the only woman in the world I want to marry" Here the hammer fell. Chicago Trib une. The Flnt English Slave Trader. Sir John Hawkins was the first Eng lish slave trader. He formed a company composed of the leading men of London and fitted out three small ships, which sailed in 1502. Later Queen Elizabeth lent Hawkins Jesus a large ship of her own of 700 tons, and took shares in ths second African company. She not only equipped the ship, but put 100 soldiers on board to provide for contingencies. On the second voyage Hawkins bought 400 negroes and had a narrow escapt from losing them, owing to the lack of water when he was near the equator. But, as he piously recorded in his log, "The Almighty God would not suffer hi J elect to perish, and sent a breeze which carried them safe to Dominica." Thil was the beginning of the slave trade, which lasted for more than two centu ries before it was finally suppressed. Loston Transcript. Carried Live Shark Ashore. Jonathan Fowler, a Massachusetts Isberman, once walked out knee deep through tho mud and filth of a seashore at low tide to a shark left by the retiring waters, shouldered' it and brought it alive on his back to the shore. The shark weighed 500 pounds, quite a load, con sidering that it was not the most porta ble of articles and that the man had ta wade through mud. -Cincinnati Com mercial Gazette. The IjirgMt I'alr or HIiom. A Georgia shoemaker has finished the largest pairof shoes ever made for art mil usa. It took a piece of leather contain Ing 1.040 square inches ! make the uppers, and one of I.Wo square inches to make the tolea, or exactly .l.uw Mjnare inches of leather altogether If the leather contained 111 that ur of slnn were cnt into strips an eighth of an tin Ii wide it would make a st ring S4 tssi inches long The Mile of this gigantic pair of shoe are 14 inches long ami V, im-nr wide. The two combined tipjl the aoale at exactly b pounds. --bt Louis beoubUc