THE DAILY COOS BAY TIMES, MARSHFIELD, OREGON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER IS, 1906.
------------. ... --.4.
DIVORCE RATE IN UNITED STATES IS .
GREATER THAN IN OTHER COUNTRIES
We Want to Call
Your Attention
Interesting Data on Marriage and Marital Failures Compiled by-the
American Bureau of Census . v
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NSEN
The United States Bureau or tho
Census has Just completed a com
pilation ot the statistics of marriage
and divorce covering' a period of
twenty years from 1887 to 190G, in
clusive. This is the second statis
tical investigation of this character
authorized by tho Federal Govern
ment, tho earlier inquiry being car
ried out through tho agency of tho
Department (now Bureau) of Labor,
under the direction ot Carroll D.
Wright, who was then Commissioner
of Labor. Mr. Wright has also been
associated with the prcsont inquiry,
acting as an expert special agent of
the Census Bureau. Tho detailed re
port presenting the results of the
present Inquiry, and Including also a
summarization of figures presonted
in the former report, which Is now
out of print, Is In press; but In tho
meantime tho Census Bureau has is
sued a bulletin, prepared by Joseph
A. Hill, which presents a summary of
the results of the Inquiry with as
much detail as will probably bo de
sired by the general public.
Over Twelvo Million Marriages.
The total number of marriages re
corded during the twenty years from
1887 to 190C, Inclusive, was 12832,
044. The number annually reported
increased from 483,069 in tho year
1887 to 853,290 In the year 1906.
The increase year by year was by
no means uniform. The marriage
rato is quickly responsive to changes
in economic conditions. A small In
crease shown for 1893 and an actual
decrease in the succeeding year re
flect tho Influence of tho panic of
1892, and normal conditions do not
appear to have been restored In the
matrimonial market until the year
1899. It is computed that if the
average annual Increase In marriages
during tho five years ending with
1892 had continued for the next six
years, the aggregate number of mar
riages contracted during the latter
period would have been greater than
It was by 259,813. It Is to bo pre
sumed that a considerable number of
persons in this large total never con
tracted marriage. This suggests a
loss to the community heretofore lit
tle considered in connection with pe
riods of financial depression.
Marrlngo Rate.
The marriage rate in the United
States in the year 1900 was 93 per
10,000 population. Based upon the
adult unmarried (single, widowed,
or divorced) population, the rato bo-
comes 321 per 10,000, indicating that
In each year something over 3 per
cent of the unmarried adult popula
tion marry. The marriage rate base 1
on the total population is higher in
the United States than in any other
country for which reliable statistics
are available. But taking the mar
riageable population as the basis
that is, the population which is of
marriageable age but not married
the rate In tho United States is not
as high as it is in Hungary, Is about
the same as it Is In Saxony, but is
still higher than in any of tho other
countries included In the compari
son. Nearly Ono Million Marital Failures.
The total number of divorces re
ported for the twenty years, 1887 to
1906, inclusive, was 945,625. For
the earlier Investigation, covering the
twenty years, 1867 to 1886, inclusive,
the number reported was 328,716 or
hardly more than one-third of the
number recorded In tho second twen
ty years. At the beginning of the
forty-year period, covered by the
two investigations, divorces occurred
at the rato of 10,000 a year; at the
end of that period the annual num
ber was about 66,000. This increjue,
however, must bo considered in con
nection with increase in population.
An increase of 30 per cent in pop
vlation between tho years 1870 to
1880 was accompanied by an in
crease of 79 per cent in tho numbnr
of divorces granted. In the next de
cade, 1880 to 1890, the population
increased 25 per cent and divorce '0
per cent, and in the following de
cade, 1890 to 1900, an increase of
21 per cent in population waj ac
companied by an increase of 16 per
cent in tho number of divorces. In
the six years from 1900 to" 1906, pop
ulation, as estimated, increaui 10.5
per cent and dlvorc? 29.3 per 'o.
It thus appears that at tho ond
of the forty-year period divorces wore
increasing about threo times as fast
aa population, while in tho first de
cade (1870 to 1880) they Increased
only about two and two-thlrda as
fast,
The divorce rato per 100,000 pop
ulation increased from 29 in 1870 to
82 in 1905.' In tho former year
there was 1 divorce for every 3,441
persons and in tho latter year 1, for
every 1,218. Since It Is only mar
ried people who can become divorced,
a more significant divorce rate is that
which is based, not upon total pop
ulation, but upon tho total married
population. Tho rato per 100,000
married population was 81 in tho
year 1870 and 200 In tho jear 1900.
This comparison Indicates that di
vorce is at present two and one-half
times as common, compared with
married population, as it was forty
years ago. A divorce rate of 200
por 100,000 married population is
equivalent to 2 per 1,000 married
population. Assuming that 1,000
married people represent 500 mar.rled
couples, it follows that in each year
4 married couples out of every 1,000
secure a divorce.
This does not mean that only 4
marriages out of 1,000 aro terminat
ed by divorce. The rate, it will bo
noted', Is an annual rate, continuous
ly operative, and comes far short of
measuring tho probability' of ulti
mate divorce. The avallablo data
lndicato, however, that not less than
I marriage In 12 is ultimately ter
minated by divorce.
Divorce rates appear to be much
higher in tho United States than in
any ot the foreign countries for
which statistics relating to this sub
ject havo been obtained.
Wives Obtain Twice As Many Di
vorces As Husbands.
Two-thirds of the total number of
divorces granted In the twenty-year
period covered by this Investigation
were granted to the wife.
Without any reference to tho
question of which party Is tho more
frequently responsible for the marital
unhapplness that leads to divorce, it
may be said that the wife has a legal
ground for dlvorco more frequently
than the husband; that is to say,
there aro certain well-recognized and
comparatively common grounds that
are more readily applicable as
against tho husband than as against
the wife. Notably there Is "neglect
to provide" or nonsupport, which, for
tho husband seeking dlvorco, Is hard
ly an available ground, although the
present investigation found 6 cases
In tho state of Utah, In which the
husband obtained a dlvorco on that
ground. Cruelty, although" not In
frequently the ground for divorces
granted to husbands, Is more general
ly existent. Five divorces for cruolty
are granted to the wife for every 1
granted to the husband.
Causes of Divorce.
The most common single ground
for dlvorco Is desertion. This ac
counts for 38.9 per cent of all di
vorces (period 1887 to 1906); 49.4
per cent, or almost one-half of those
granted to the husband, and 33.5 per
cent, or one-third, of those granted
to the wife.
Tho next most Important ground of
dlvorco Is, for husbands, adultery,
and for wives, cruelty. Of tho di
vorces granted to husbands (1887 to
1906) 28.8 per cent were for adul
tery; and of those granted to wives
27.5 per cent were for cruolty. Only
10 per cent of tho divorces granted
to wives were for adultery of the
husband, and 10.5 per cont of di
vorces granted to husbands wero for
cruelty on tho part of tho wife.
Drunkenness was tho ground for
dlvorco In 5.3 per cent of tho cases
in which the wife brought suit, and
In 1.1 per cent of the cases In which
the suit was brought by tho husband.
Tho above percentages represent
those cases In which tho specified
cause was the solo ground on which
the divorce was granted, Very fre
quently, however, divorces are
granted, not upon ono ground only,
but upon two c more In combination.
In many cases In which drunken
ness or intemperance was not recog
nized In tho decree of tho court as a
ground for divorce It appears to havo
been present as a contributory In
fluence. Intemperance was, In fact,
reported as an indirect or contrib
utory cause of dlvorco in 5 per cont
of tho divorces granted to tho hus
band and in 18 por cent of tho di
vorces granted to tho wlfo, and ap
peared as a direct or indirect cause
in 19.5 per cent of all divorces, and
26.3 per cent of those granted to
wives and 6.1 per cent of those grant
ed to husbands.
Only 15 per cent of tho divorces
were returned as contested, and prob
ably in many of these cases tho con
testing was hardly moro than a for
mality. Ono Divorced Wife In Eight Gets
Alimony.
Alimony was demanded in 18 por
cent of tho divorces granted to tho
wife, and was granted in 12.7 per
cent. In other words, 3 wives out of
16 asked for alimony, and 2 out of
16, or 1 out of 8, obtained It.' Tho
proportion of husbnnds TVho askod
for alimony was 2.8 per cent, and the
proportion obtaining it was 2 per
cent. '
Duration of Divorced Marriages.
, The average duration of marriages
'terminated by divorce Is about ten
years. Sixty per cent, or three-flftha, ,
last less than ten years and 40 por
cent last longer.
Tho number of divorces occurring
In the first year of married life dur
ing the entire period, 1887 to 1906,
was 18,876; the number Increases to
27,764 in tho second year of married
life, and reaches Us maximum in tha
fifth year, when It becomes 68,770.
From that point on tho number
diminishes year by year, but does not
fall below tho number granted in tho
first year of married life until tho
eighteenth year Is reached.
The rapidity with which matters
como to a crisis In tho married
careers of divorced couples Is more
clearly Indicated by tho number of
years which elapse between marrlago
and separation. Usually separation
precedes divorce by a considerable
length of time; and a certain period
must necessarily elapse before a di
vorce can bo obtained after tho occa
sion for It arises. The number of
years from marrlago to separation
was ascertained In case of 770J929
divorced couples. Of theao 98,468,
or 12.8 per cent, separated In, tho
first year of married life, and 109,
689, or 14.2 per cent, In tho second
year; in tho third year tho number
falls off to 76,102; at tho ond of the
fifth one-half of the total number of
separations havo taken place. But It
is a somewhat surprising fact that
24,143 married couples, or 3.1 per
cent of tho total number, separated
and became divorced after, tho com
pletion of twenty-five years of mar
ried life.
I'laco of Marriage ,
Of tho divorced couples known to
have been married in tho Unltod, Sta
tes 88.5 per cont wero married in
tho same stato in which they were di
vorced, and 21.5 per cent In other
states. Of the divorced couples
known to havo been married in for
eign countries 36.9 por cent wero
married in Canada; 12.7 per cent,
In England; 16.1 per cont, In Ger
many; and 1.9 por cent, in Ireland.
The percentage for Ireland is notably
small, as compared with the popula
tion of Irish birth, which, In fact,
constituted 15. C per cent of tho total
foreign born population in tho year
1900. It Is further noteworthy, that
tho divorced marriages contracted in
Germany aro moro than 8 times as
many as'thoso contracted In Ireland,
although tho German born popula
tion is only 64 por cent larger than
tho Irish,
Children In Dlvorco Cases.
Children wero reported in 89.8 per
cent of the total number of divorced
cases. Tho proportion Id much larger
for divorces granted to the wlfo than
for divorces granted to the husband;
children being prosont In 46.8 por
cent of tho former class of. divorces
and 26 per cent of tho latter. A
reason suggested for this la that' the
children aro usually assigned by the
court to tho mothor, and to her,
therefore, dlvorco does not imply
reparation from hor children, while
to tho husband it Involves a .sever
ance of tho parental as well aa . tho
marital relation. ; '
VOTE SCHOOL TAX ,.
Coqulllo Electors Unlnlmoufl Por
Eight Mill Levy.
COQUILLE, Ore, Dec. 11.- At the
meeting of electors of Coqullle
school district, held at tho school
house pursuant to tho call of the
board, it was unanimously voted to
levy an 8 mill tax for the pnrposo
of defraying tho cost of a full term
of school.
Including Haiti, Santa Domingo,
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Although the sand In tho Sahara
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