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I
VISIT TO THE INSANE. !
A “Herald” HeperterThoreaffhly im-
. speets the Insane Asylum at East
----------------
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Caucasus and Siberia,
Poland,1
has I but 55,1 XX), the majority of
whom »reyn__________________
Poland and Siberia.
Siberia,
Insanity, it is a well-proved fact,
mited
pa-
may be trans“
1*“J from
----- either
“
rent to their progeny. It has been
know to dese «nd in some families
from parent to offspring for many
generations. Again, a sudden
fright produces the worst form of
madness; a loss in business, deep
sorrow or slighted affections pro
duce the skme complaint In
some instances its degrees vary ac
cording to the temperament of the
person afflicted. It must not be
understood»
understood, however, that!
that the
i more stalwart the
patient, the
more ungovernable. That would
be a wrong hypothesisjl as the pre
ponderance of physical power sel
ponderancc
dom has but slight influence to ex
ert in tlx
eri
the matter. The affection
is the irpot.
root. It is the directing
power of the pcrsvfi afflicted with
the malady. The difference is,
I when extreme symptoms prepon
derate in
i the more powerful, more
force is required to restrain them
than if they prevailed in the weak
er patient.
SUPERIORITY
OF
AMERICAN
ASY
LUMS.
The system pursued in < the treat
W
I
Î
I In f i II Ih r It
[From the Oregon Herald -1
ment of the insane in America is
superior to that of any other civil
ized country «in the world. In
none of the countries above men
tioned is to be met the neatness,
Care, and healthful discipline that
prevade the insane asylums of the
United States.
of
VI our
UUl fellow beings
ever stop to think wliat the inside OREGON STATE ASYLUM FOB THE Uf-
SANE.
of an asylum for the insane really iiiiL-
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is. There we look upon fellow Actuated by a desire to pen a very
creatures, some of whose pathways brief sketch of onr State Asylum,
were once more flowery than our ;the writer, a few days since in com
own; who were nurtured in Inxu- panv
pany with anotlier
another gentleman,
ry; who aimed, perhaps, to rank paid a visit to East Portland,
and station, and looked but for where the establishment is located.
sunshine to cheer their patliwajf Upon expressing a desire to Mr.
through life.i We see those who Beatty, the gentleman) in charge
were their mother’s darlings—theirt at tne time, to be shown through
father’s pride. Here is seen the the building, that gentleman after
once loving, indulgent mother, but making an apology for the absence
who how knows not her own offc of Dr. Hawthorne, the proprietor,
spring. 5Xc meet here the father opened a ponderous iron-meshed
who was wont to deny himself door through which we exited to
||
life’s necessaries in order to provide the rear porch. A few steps fur
for his children, but who is now a ther and another door to the left,-
raving madman; whose mania is was opened, entering which we
the destruction of those who, with found ourselves in
reason, be looked upon with pridOb
WARD NO. ONE,
•
Here, too, is met the sordid usurer,
: ’. whose desire for money caused the A large, spacious apartment in tlie
idethronement of a once powerful, shape of the letter T, into which
perhaps very powerful understand- male patients are, received upon
' hog, but who now, with alt)his their first entrance into the estab
1
wealth, knows less than the poor lishment. On either side were the
id est medicant who begs his) daily dormitories of the inmates of the
bread. The devout doctor of di ward. It was gratifying to ol>
I iii vinity, to whom congregations serve how comfortable are these
>’ ,1
would sit spell-bound; the deep- rooms. Each iiersoir is furnished
I ^mouthed politicians who swayed separate sleeping appartments,
|i,|xhe minds of voters; the erudite containing one of the neatest beds
Silologist who revealed in the la- to be met with anywhere; not only
rous love of clasic tongueszhti# is neatness manifest in the sleeping
j t . «arrulous pedagogue who wielded arrangements, but moreover, in ev
birch without fear or favor; the ery particular throughout this
leprous beggar and prospective ward. The closets, bath-roms,
ceilings, floors and the cheerfnl
k; I ■ statesman—
i | ♦’Hand« the rod of empire might have patients’ dining-room (capable of
seating 41 persons) exhibit by their
H
Or waked to ecstacy tbo living lyre
appearance the untiring scrutiny
Are met here, holding meaningless of Dr. Hawthorne. Each ward is
arguments, tall living upon an under the chaigo of an Assistant
R[ulity in a Utopia of their own. Warden, who is relieved in such a
ow sorrowful it is to contemplate manner that the closest) vigilance
what numbers of unfortunates the is observed during the entire twen
■ juylums of many of the European ty-four hours. Hot and cold wa
I countries contain. In the British ter is furnished each patient, ^nd,
I: isles, with a popula tion of nearly as a rule, all are compelled to bathe
27,000,000, there are nearly 38,000 at least once a week. On the
insane; France, irith a population whole, the regulation of ward No.
I; of 37,000,000, exclusive of Alsace 1 is far superior in every way con-
• v and Lorraine, has in her asylums; 1 Cetvable to thé similiar department
i i independent of the many patients in ih'e Stockton Asylum of which
in private
000;
the writer has had opportunity of
t¡
Spain with a population
nearly judging. We now directed our at
lation of near!
1V l§,000j000, has 42,000; Itallyjrith tention to the inmates, some thir
55,000,000 inhabitants, has 57,000 ty-five in number, Who evinced
’—itics; the Jiussias, including from the moment of our entrance
How
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A MAR WORTH I'
“ This*” said our guide, presenting
4 well-built, ¿lark featured
us " tai
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n of 30 years “ iij. Lake, who
man
has been six years in the asylum.
¿Lake’s insanity runs on immense
possessions. LlriT'
-Id' answer to a
h< said I he* had on de
question he
porilpn
f
positin Portland, drawing-yearly
interest, $250,009,
$250,009. | He believes
al8Q,.that he is the owner of the
Insane» Asylum, with the adjoin
ing auartcr section of land. ‘'Are
*
|jou not afraid,” we asked, “to
trust so large an amount of money
Oh no I ! ” said
in onoj place ? ” “Oil
“the
he veiw pleasantly, ‘
‘ money is
in goo® hands and, i? drawing a
yearfy
yearly interest or
of five per cent;
unlike, ” he added, “ some persons
who go crazv about there money,
..¡«LF «
and * I " ileep soundly every night.
I JOHN JAMISON
Is another very curious character,
w.ho-paces the entire day the north
portioq of the building.< He be
lieves he is beloved (though by no
tneahs jiandaome)
means
jiandsome) by the
tlie richest la
la-
dy in America-. He e rails unceas
unceas-
ingly at those in charge for keep
ing hiin* locked up; lie believes
they arc bribed-by his rival in con
sideration of receiving a large sum
of rnon^By to retain him until her af-
fectionji are weanccTfrom
He
ijpon his rel
releas^to
vows, upon
__ .-i ¿6 visit legal
punish$ei
lient upon his imaginary
enemies.
I t
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THOMAi JOHNSON,
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, THE SLAYER OF
r—-
TWO MEN.
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,
of the mildest patients, hercounte-
•
«-•
nance i » beaming
with
gentleness,
The ages
a
in this ward vary from
tweijty-three to sixty, the majority
being in the neighborhood of thir
ty y^ars of ago, all of the younger
of whom look much careworn de
noting more troubles of the heart
than body When about descending
the stairs, Mary Rafferty, or
“Grandma, ” as she is familiarly
called, insisted on showing how
neat her chamber was. Mary’s
insanity is of a very mild form,
and judging from the lively chat
ting she kept up, and her contour,
she would not under any consider
ation leave the Asylum.. One
stout, elderly patient’s malady is
about the same as ‘ Grandma’s.”
She continually complains (not
withstanding the pleasant atmos
phere of the bhilding) of the
amount of air that entered beneath
the window sills.—> This poor wo
man no- matter, how warm the
ward was, complained of the cold.
“The mills of the Gods grind
slowly” is verified in a visit to an
institution of this kind. Half un
aware of our guide’s attention, so
deep in reflection was the writer,
that he was stguding before the
jiouderous portal of the ward con
taining the
it
HOPELESS
PATIENTS
Ere his thoughts brightened up.
“This,” said Mr. Beatty, “is the
ward where the incurables are
confined. Wc call this the filthy
ward; for, although patients, with
out a single exception, are under
abject con troll, they occasionally
find opportunity to make the place
unfit for even a brute to enter.”
To the writer’s eye the place ap
peared as neat as any of the other
places enumerated. This ‘ward
contained, at the time of our visit,
thirty-two patients, as varied in
features and corjioreal lineaments,
comparatively, as the signs of the
zodiac. No mistaking their fea
tures; only one glance and the
word idiot might be read in their
faces. I remember seeing, years
since, in of one Fowler & Well’s
works, the profile of an idiot;
the impression hag never left my
memoBy; there arc not one but doz
ens, I might say, of similar profiles.
It was useless to hold conversation
with them, as they with a few ex
ceptions, ejackulated with nods
and grunts. One of these excep
tions was a tall, well-built man,
who, Mr. Beatty informed me, was
a Methodist minister once. I sa
luted him* and enquired how his
health was. He gave me a very
kind look^and, pointing to an in
mate who continually kept mutter
mutter-
ing something to himself, said,
“ rPknt
s/iai heaven
lianvnn t !
That man
man nrill
will nATron
never see
he’s as crazy as though he’d bden
moon-strUck.” We next directed
our attention to the tsimilar ward
for females. This and the upper
female wards are under the care of
Miss Lizzie D. Hanson, oue of the
most kind and motherly matrons to
be met with in any establishment
of the kind in the world. Nothing
could be gleaned from the patients
here. II
I might say premature
birth looks
>oks but too plainly in their
meaningless features. This ward
continas 28 incurables. , After a
glance at the innumerable comforts,
such as bath-rooms, closets, dining
room, and the linen covering the
couch of each of the' women, we
paid the Asylum asseinbly-hall a
visit. The structure is situated in
the immediate rear of the main
building, and has lately been re
plastered and repainted throughout.
The place will seat one hundred
persons, and is used solely for the
inmates of the instiUaJtion. Service
.£
times each
is held two or three tim
Sabbath day, at * which
patients are
patic
-
Our at ention was next called to
Johnson, the most violent patient
in the nstitution. Upon being as-
as
sured that he could be approached
with sdfety, we elbowed our way
to the niche or recess in tho wall,
to where he was seated with his
hands listened. “ What do you
want ? ’ he asked, in surley tones,
attempting at the same time to catch
the wr t^-’s coat, “Only to know
what ybti.are in need of, ” was
.. an-
sweredj retreating from i ’ li
With i very
verv degree
decree of truth it
may be said he has one of the most
vicious countenance to be met with
under any circumstances, A low,
retreat ng forehead, a pair of ma-
lignant piercing eyes, together
with
demonical expression of
featured
feature^, but too plainly speak
what llje
tl<e unfortunate man would
do wer0
wer$ he allowed the' privileges
of the place. He has already suc
ceeded^n
twoof
Cellow-
ceeded
p killing two
of his fellow-
patientf in the.
the ward, and has sev
eral times attempted the life of the
Superintendent, at one time very
nearly Accomplishing
his purpose.
icc
Not meeting more of interest,
visited s'
ward no . two , 44
In thes£uth
sftuth upper portion of the ed
ed-
ifice. This ward contains the
conven-
and
same features
K/ft lì,
just left.
iences <ae the one JUOl
left,
differing only» in two exceptions
—I
ceptiona-J
.le patients,
it is exclusively for female
arid is’iut one-third the gizc. The
women ¿presented a far i different
spectacle than that of the men pa-
pa
tients. iHardly an eye «Tas raised
as we entered; there was I none of
that prying curiosity so manifest
upon out entrance below. Every
one was busy with her nedle, mak
ing clothing or adding a patch to
some ol£l garment. To ^the right
of the large heater was seated sew
ing, Mik ? Limb—“AuntCharity”
—whOjMth an a^e, nine years
since, chopped her hqsbaqd’S head
off whife be was eating sapper, the
t1“
facts of.which are ffimiliar to Ore
gonian^ “Atmt Charity” is one
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compelled to attend; hapily no
compulsion is needed, as our guide
informed us, they evince a strong
desire each Subday to attend
church. The pastors,
whote
tors, to who^c
credit be it said, are
reverencedIbr
■e reverenced
%v
the patients, who sit with remark
able stillness during the sermonfta
fact which reflects considerable
credit on the clergy who preside,
for their enticing manner of open
ing their sermons to them. On
leaving the last place we entered
the large enclosed yard used by
the patients for play and recrea
tion. There they can indulge to
their hearts’ content in leaps, foot
races, | and almost evefry conceiva
ble manner of paripatetics. < The
inclosure covers nearly an acre of
ground, and affords ample space \
foi; indulging in their sports. The
play-ground is undoubtedly one of ■
the most commendable features of
the institution. It not orrty affords
good, healthy excercise, but more
over, has a wonderful tendency to
ward filling the vojd in the patient’s
conception. There he is restrain-
from nothing but violence, which,
happily, there is no fear but from
the one above-mentioned. -
The laundry was next visited.
In this building the1 patients’
clothes, bod-linen, etc.; are’washed.
The plac« is about seventy feet long
bv thirtv in widthj and furnishes .
hot and cold water to the inmates
in unlimited quantities The med
ical department, bakery and other
places were vigited respectively,
and attested by their appearance
the superior regime of the institu
tion. A fact that should be men <
tioned is that the entire establish
ment is supplied with hose, and *
in case of fire the buildings^iuhab- i-
ited can be flooded in very short
time. The food suplied to the pa
tients is of the very best quality
that can be suplied, and none of
the ward’s island dieting processes
are allowed. ‘ Good food and plen- •
ty of it is furnished to each person.
With propriety the writer would
suggest that, upon tlie plan pur
sued-in Europe, an entertainment
be given the patients once each <
month. The results accurihg to
science from such would more than
compensate for the very slight ex
pense. A magic lantern, a juggling
performance, or any simple exw
bition, would be sufficient. In
France Italy and Spain were such
entertaiumens are given, they have
been most gratifying.
The officers of the Asylum are
as folltw8: Dr. Hawthorne, pro
prietor and contractor; Dr. A. D.
Ellis, State Visiting Physician;
Dr. Ballard, Assistant Physician;
J. Kenworthy, Assistant Superin
tendant; Lizze D. Hanse«, Mat-,
ron; sixteen Wardens and four
Matrons. Total number under
treatment, 167; average yearly
enres 40 per cent.
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Stephen Girard, when he founded
his great college at Philadelphia,
made it a rule, for all time, that
no clergyman should ever, upon
any excuse, be permitted on the
college grounds or within its dooisb
On one occasion, it is said, an inejiy
indb
vidnal with a whit« cravat was -
refused admittance. “ Why can’t
I go in ?” he asked. “Because
area a clergyman.” “ ?The
HI I
The h—11
am !” said he, and he was per
permited
mi ted
to enter the college at once as a
one qualified.
------ f.
/
The source of the Nile was d&
covered long ago by the Romans.
They maintained that) “ ‘ Ex 5 Nihilo
‘
nihil nascitur; ecce nihil,” i. e.,
“The Nile rises from the NW
—that’s its source.’’
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an insatable desire, as expressed .
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by — ii--!/
their gestures,
to ascertain the
purport of our f visit. However,
not wishing to the tire patience of
the reader, but$
but^ brief
brief doscr&pipp
of a few will be gi j$n.
U m .
Number 51
7
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