1
OP
JEY
S
iae
$1,500
$3,000
T
(..!caMRN
"information
THE ANNUAL
& Hood River
JBTYfAjR
KIU BE HELD AT
de Dalles
13,3,4,1912
2s Man's Jewelry!1" mm
WILL REMOVE ALKALI
Prof. Fowsrs Dlaoussas MsthasJft ef
Frsslng Soils ef Destruc
tive Chemleals
Exhibition will compriBO,
m cillie, inccji. nwniu, ru
ftfrnpralucta, fruit, flowerH,
manufactures, mn
trt, woman's work, art, chll
iVeiblbiU ofnrt ancUnrdcn
id contests, novo! attroc
. .i "ntcrtalnmcnta
1 tickle you very muchly.
that
and have the best
iof'vour life, and you
live fifty years longer.
I Forget the Date
Ih juBt nil Important to him and
to us as Is that of tho fair box, If
expected to bo a swell dresser ho
should wear neat but not irandy
jewelry. Flno gold, fine diamonds,
acta oil a man to advantage as
far hb hltt exterior la concerned.
I have a splendid variety of choice
Jewelry for gentlemen, ladlea
and children hivh-yradi- but
reasonably priced.
A. E. PETERSON
JEWELER
foot by the natural rainfall. In
many cases alkali hard pan has
been causes. This suggests at
once the necessity of maintain
ing a soil mulch to prevent their
being brought to the surface by
capillary evaporation.
Manure will form aids upon
decaying which tends to neutra
lize alkali spots.' Seeding deli
cate plants where .the alkali is
down after rain or irrigation is
helpful. Blasting may provide
an outlet wnere tnere ls.nara
pan. uumvation oi tne suriace,
after it has been wet by irriga
tion or rain as soon as it is. dry
enough to crumble and form a
MADRAS,
OREGON
A. E. CROSBY
THE DALLE8
OREGON
EVEBYTHIHC IN
DRUGS AND KODKAS
0
EASE DON'T
Leave a fire in the timber until it is OUT.
Throw burning matches or tobacco in the woods.
Start a fire where it can spread into the timber.
Fall to notify a State, or Federal officer if you
discover a fire in the timber.
WILL LOSE
Taxes on burned timber land.
$8.00 per thousand feet in wages circulated.
The sale of groceries, hardware, and supplies used
in the cutting arid manufacture , of the timber.
You own good opinion of your public spirit, if
you fail to put out or report timber fires the
same as you would report a fire in your
neighbors dwelling.
I
SUMMER MILLINERY AT COST
f LOOK AT MY STOCK AND SEE WHAT
BARGAINS I HAVE TO OFFER
I
Mrs. ISA E. B. CROSBY
I
Thirteen per cent of all the ir
rigated land in the West is in
jured more or less by alkali. It
appears where the rainfall is
less than twenty inches and
causes more or less trouble in all
the older irrigated districts, crumby mulch ia'exceedinirftf im
Excessive use bf irrigation water portant to control-capillarity and
and poor drainage of low lying prevent evaporation. - Growing.
land are the chief causes of al- resistant crops such as alfalfa is
kali troubles. helpful. Black alkali is changed
In all soils mineral particles to less harmful white alkali by
are continuously being weather- adding gypsum. Deep plowing'
ed and soluable salts are liberat- and organic matter increase
ed by this process. In soils were water capillarity of soil and
there is over twenty inches of check evaporation and accumula
rainfall and leaching, the excess tion of alkali. Sometimes alkali
oi tnese salts is carried away in crusts can be scraped ore or
the drainage water. Where the washed off over the surface. The
rainfall is limited and there is most permanent and effective
poor drainage, these salts are way to reclaim alkali land ta to
dissolved by rain or irrigation under drain and wash the. salt
water and carried through the down and out ofrthe soil.
soil until the water moves to There is not a large amount of
the Burface and evaporates, our land which is underlaid with
bringing the salt to the top and strata so solid and unporous mi
depositing them there on evap- to prevent natural drainage. In
oration. This is the usual meth- some ' cases it may be possible
od of accumulation of alkali, to reach the porous strata under-
Heavy irrigation is apt to cause neath by digging down in the
.water logging ana Beeped areas M0w spots and letting the water
in the lower part of i he project out in this porous-strata.-' The
and seeped areas are forerunners first 'step in draining alkali land
of alkali. In the lower part of is to take a soil auger, or spade,
the river valley, water that has make a study of the subsoil
been used and reused for irrfga- and seepage channels, trace the
tion may become salty with the water to its source and put in
soil leachings so that it is -unlit deep cut off drain if possible.
for use in irrigation. After that put in as thorough
Alkali is spoken of as white system of drains as needed to
or black alkali. White alkali supplement this. The depth of
is mainly table salt, epsom salt, drains should be such as to lower
and gloubers salt, or in other the water table so that capillar-
words, sodium chloride, magnesi- ity or wick action can not reach
um sulfate and potassium sul- from the water table to the sur-
fate. One fourth per cent is I Je. Tile of cement are danger-
harmful and few agricultural ous because alkali caused- dia-
plants will tolerate half to ont integration. Burned clay tile
per cent of this in the soil, are' expensive to- ship long dis-
Black alkali is sodium carbonate tances and box drains or stone
or sometimes potassium carbon- drains, are the best for draining
ate. It can be recognized by alkali spots in this section. Size
its puddling, crusi ing effect on of drains should be larger the
deeper and further apart they
are. The dirt should be tamped
back intb the trench where al
kali land is drained and watch
kept to see that irrigation water
moves through the soil' and
leaches it instead of running
trough holes 'into the drains di
rectly. Drainage s the most
effecive means of reclaiming aU
kali spots though the. removal of
alkali by drains will be nearly
as slow as its accumulation1 and'
may be encouraged'by the use" of
more water.
Blacksmithinq
HORSESHOEING
WAGON and WOOD WORK
G.-E-N-E-R-A-L B-E-P-A-l-B-l-N-G
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED
S. E. GRAY
MADRAS, OREGON
-Hi
Balfour-Guthrie & Co.
FOR
SACKS, TWINE and
ROLLED BARLEY
soil surface, its dark brown
color, and the kind or absence of
vegetation. It is worse than
white alkali because it causes
shrinkage of the plant cells and
dissolves plant tissues of young
plants jus at the surface caus
ing them to blight off at this
point. One tenth per cent is
harmful and three tenths per
cent is fatal to many plants.
Alkali in general can be expected
where there is greasewood, salt
wort or saltgrasses; also in flat
land not naturally drained or un
fWlniripH with imnervioua sub-
I. O.O. F. Lodge son.
In reporting analysis of com
posite samples of soil from the
Demonstration Farm at Red
mond, Prof. Tartar, of O. A. C,
says: "In the surface soil I find
total alkali slats to be six thou
ands of one per cent consisting
of bicarbonate and chloride and
only a trace of sulphates. Total
alkali salts in the second foot
is fifteen thousandths. These
salts contain some normal carbon
ate, some bicarbonate and some
bichloride and sulphates."
Analysis shows the soil to be com
parative free from alkali and
that the soluble salts have been
largely carried into the second
Meets every Wednesday
night Stranger are wel
come. Perry Henderaon, N.G.
Lewis H. Irving, Secretary
W. Ashley, Agt Ph one Your Orders
W. L. Powers,
Superintendent Crook County
Demonstration F'arrhs. "
Vacations & Sea Shore
CLATSOP BEACH, PACIFIC OCEAN
Low round trip farts are in effect all summer. This beantlfdl beanb stretches
twei.ty-flve inllen ')iitli of the mouth of the folurabla Hirer. He.ilde and Gearbart
nave first class uoleU, cottages, ramptlng places, sort bathing, mountain water, etc.
LOW ROUND TRIPS EAST
Throughout ihe iffm'mer,' on the dates jcItcd below, round trip tfrketswlll be sold to
the points In the east shown below, and many others, at the reduced are quoted.
2ss1E71T"3
jnjisww si i
mm
dhTruhkky.
REG
CENTRAL OREGON LINE
Great Northern and Northern Pacific Railways
Atlantic City . $111.00
Baltimore . . . 107.50
Boston .... 110.00
Buffalo, .. . , ..91.50
Chteago . . 72.50
"Colorado Springs 55.00
Denver .... 55.00
Detroit. . . $ 82.50 Omaha . $ 60. On
Duluth . . . 60.00 Philadelphia 108.50
Kansas City . $ 60.00 Pittsburg . 91.50
Milwaukee . . 7250 St. Louis . . 70.00
Minneapolis . . 60.00 St. Paul . . 60.00
Montreal . . 105.00 Toronto . . 91.50
New York . 108.50 Washington 107.50
BATES OF SALE: JULY 23, 28, 29, SO, 31. 1912. AUGUST 1, 2, 3, 6, 7,
12. 16, 22, 23, 29, SO, 31, 1912. SEPTEMBER 4, 6. 6, 7, 8, II, 12, 30, 1912.
Stopovers and choice of joules allowed In each direction. Final return limit
October 31st, 1912. Train leaving Madras, 8.40 A .M. connects directly at Fall bridge witfl
FAST .THROUGH TRAIN EAST
Details of schedules', fares, etc., will b furnished on request.
lu f n.. A. -ii ri ' is... i -i n. -ii. j n 1 n n i.iai.j.
Hi c. uowsifpii 1 nu rissiAKcu, ruiuiiB, ur.A. r. mijib, Agin mwu, Vh
' f
9
asm
I
r
!
MADRAS MEAT MARKET
HA
J. L. Campbell.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers
We have the best line of Fresh Meats in the country
r ALL KINDS OF GARDEN VEGETABLES Di THEIR SEASON
I
AT;
t
Larkins Harness Shop
You will find Harness suitable for any beast
of burden at right prices, Quality guaranteed.
IT JS.A PLEASURE TO SHOW GOODS
I
t
z
Ml and Mont Blanc!"
A story of u Prussian lieutenant wb
axqod at tho foot of Mout Blanc anal
with a haughty eyo contemplated tn
mighty mountain delightfully Illus
trates tho arrogance of the youngster
r tuo uerman army.
"Donnerwettcrl" he said, Btroklaf
the vestlgo of a mustache. "How rt
atlculously small a civilian must feell
Expert Testimony.
"I .don't seo why you women always1
want a houso full of closets," remurk
ed Crabshaw to his wife.
"I know, dad," replied little Johnnie.
speaking up. "It's so they can always
havo a now place to hide the Jam."
New York Times.
Warliii
O KC IE
Shamrock
TOMMY McCORMACK, Prop.
Fine Wines, Liquors and Cigars
PIJRNISHED ROOMS New and Up-to-Date Quarters
New
Model
27.
REPEATING RIFLE
The only gun that fills the
demand tor a trom
bone ("pump") ac
tion repeater m
.25-20 and
.32-20
calibres.
si a. ft
huh ves-
tocky Knokc-
1cm cartridRetu
abo black and low
- pressure smokeless.
Powerful enough for deer.
safe to use n settled districts, ex.
cellent for target work, for foxes."
geese, woodchuckt, etc. " s
tad ttJt ih, lor tafU, aceuata fctln. kamMd aU
UCTuilUC.. It hll
iU) SmmcM satraMMkti
ttaweiliSm'
Our 136 pa cataka JaaarfttM tko M JBmsW
lUe, 3t fr khr Ubw Ua. WtSmUtZ
SHOE SHOP IN CONNECTION
iee osBea
I
aaaaMaaal
1 livery;
FEED
&SALE
MADRAS, OREGON
STABLE
G. V. STANTON
Your Orders Prompt Attention
Transient Stock Given Best Of Feed And Gare
I
i
. 1
A w w v w v vvwr J
X -I U LI A kirn n .w IK
b j. . .. . iicj, rrea. WUINUtKUiY, Vice Prei
.L. M. BECHTELL. See.
The J. H. Haner AbsTradt Co.
Incorporated
Prlneville - Oregon
Capital slock $5000.00 Surplus $3000.00 fully paid p.
Abstracts of title to all real property in Crook county.
Carefully prepared photograph copies of all records and
city plats at low cost
(f
11'
!
If
1
1