The Madras Pioneer
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ADVKIITISIKO ItATKS OX AVILICATION'
Entered as second- class matter August
2. 1WH. nt t ho Postof co nt .Mnitrns. Urn
under tiio Act of Congress of Mnrch 8, 187U.
THURSDAY
April 4, 1907
. The Pnneviilo Review points
to the troubles between the Col
umbia Southern Irrigation Coin
pany and the State Ittuid Board,
and shouts "We told you so".
With a sweeping flourish it
condemns all of the Carey Act
irrigation enterprises because
one small company is having
trouble with its settlers and
oven there, there is no reason to
believe that the best interests
of the settlers will not be safe
guarded by the state land
boa id, acting under such an
thorit' ;is they have over thesn
Carey Act segregations. The
Review pretends to see in this
trouble over the O S segrega
tion of 27,000 acres, evidence of
the far-sightedness of William
son and the Prineville delega
tion which opposed the private
irrigation enterprises in tins
county, and asks, "Can the
Pioneer man see no" connection
"between this occurrance and the
actions of Prineville citizens in
Portland four years ago". To
he frank, brother, we can't. If
we could lose our memory of
events and occurrences for the
past four or five 3' ears, since
the time that irrigation was first
proposed in this county, we
might be led to believe that
Jour 3'ears ago Williamson and
a large delegation of Prineville
citizens went to Portland and
labored mightilj' against the
private irrigation enterprises
along the Deschutes River in
in thisuounty for thepurel3' ttii
sellish reason that the3' believ
ed at some time in the dim and
distant future some of the set
tlers upon those irrigated tracts
might have trouble over the'u
water rights. It would be . a
pleasure to believe it now, but
the Review shouldn't ask it. It
is too absiirb for even the Re
view to believe.
If the Review desires to be
honest in this discussion, why
does it attempt to discredit all
of the i ligation -enterprises
under the Care' Act in this
county, because of troubles be
tween the Columbia southern
Company and the settlers upon
its lauds? The Review knows
that the Columbia Southern
Company only includes 27,000
acres in its segregation, and
that it was refused patent to all
except 12,000 acres of that he
cause of the failure to supply
enough water to inigate the
entire tract. This paper does
not uphold the action of the
Columbia southern Company in
disposing of 18,000 acrea of it&
lands before it had patent to it,
and failing to supply suflioientj
water to reclaim the lands anclj
entitle it to patent, but we do
believe that such action on the
pan of the management of an
irrigation company is not
auliieient grounds for a sweep
ing condemnation of the Carey
Act and all companies operat
ing under it. Why doeen't the
Review point to the i)eKchutes
Irrigation & Power Company,
operating on the East side of
the Deschutes and very much
more under the observation of
the very observant editor of the
Review? This company is re-j
claiming more than 250,000
acres of land under the Carey
Act, nearly ten times as much
land aB there is in the entire
Columbia Southern segregation,
niid the Company is proceeding
with its reclamation work and
the patenting and settling up, of
this large tract, without one
single particle of trouble be
tween the settlers and the com
pany over water or any other
question, and without the 00
curienco of 11113' of the dreadful
things which Williamson and
the Prineville delegation fore
saw. The reclamation work is
progressing rapidly, and the
settler is securing his land at a
cost under the private enter
prise very much less than has
ever been the history in the
government projects.
Such indiscriminate condem
nation as that indulged in by
the Review is just the kind of
"knocking" of Western Crook
which we oh urged against a cer
tain element of Prineville's
citizenship at the beginning ot
this controversy. Never seeing
anything good in Western
Ciook or in the development
under way there, but always
ooking for some trouble about
which it can get in an "I told
you so , I lie ivwiew is typical
of that element at Prineville. to
which we refer.
1
a
Campbell Talks On Farming 1
Says the Right Method Has Been Discovered for Successful h
Farming, But That It Must Be Thoroughly Understood gs
i
It is estimated that the pros
ecution of the land frauds of the
TOiifi flrtnof otttliri tll jj-xr
UUUV UUiUTL OIlUUO 111 tUOl
the United States government
700,000 in money, beside the
disgrace which is being brought
upon the nation 1)3' reason of
the frauds. The money cost is
the least item item in the ex
pense bill. The government,
or even the western states, could
afford to pay that sum. if it
would restore the ruined repu
tations, wipe out the memory of
the unfortunate proceedings and
reinstate the disgraced public
Glacials ana pnvate citizens
who sacrificed their honor to
iheir consuming greed for gold.
The lesson is one which will
remain forever fresh in the
minds of the rising citizenship
of the Pacific Coast, and great
as tne cost may be, it is not in
vain that the West, has paid it.
East Oieoniau.
WILL INOCULATE GROUND SQUIRRELS
Pullman, Wash., March 2S
Stanley Piper, of the Biological
Survey, United Slates Depart
ment of Agriculture, has ar
rived in Pullman to take up the
work of destroying the ground
squirrel, which has assumed
considerable importance as a
destroyer of wheat. Mr. Piper
will work in co-operation with
the experiment station at the
state college. The method to
be pursued will be to inoculate
the squirrels with the virus
which proved so deadly 'several
ynars ago. This vims is now
under propagation at the col
lege, and enough will be pro
duced this year to spread the
disease over a large tirea.
C;aiii growers in sections where
Ihe squin el has become trouble-
some are aslced to send live
animals to the station for iuoc
illation, the more that are sent
the quicker will the disease be
spread.
MORE BLUE BLOOD FOR B. S. & L. CO.
Mr. and Mis. J. G. Edwards
tveie expected home at Hay
cieek 3'csterda3 from, an ex
tended visit in France and
England, where they spent the
Winter mouths. While in
Europe, it is reported that 'Air.
Edwards bought some very line
stock for the B. S. & L. Com-
piny, including a number of
running and driving horses,
which will lorm the nucleus of
a baud of blooded horses at I he
Iia3 cieek ranch. The Baldwin
company is turning its atten
tion to the production of blood
ed horses ns well as ihoiougli-
bred sheep, and laat year a
notable importation of Shire
horses for diaft purposes was
made, to which this year'a im
portation will add runners and
trotters.
PART TWO.
(Continued from Inst week.)
I am exceedingly prejudiced In favor
or (he closed heel hIiou drill, assuming
Hint we Imvo prepared our ground Just
exactly as I will now endeavor to out
line. Tho rensiui I inn ho favorably
impressed with this particular drill In
that it has Invariably canned our grain
to come up so quickly and to show
."tooling in so short a space of time.
Investigations In washing out the soil
show that there Is a complete tiolwork
of little feeders in there, whllu we
hnve only ono little stem sticking up.
Up In Chase county, Nebraska, I had
chugo for two seasons of some work
on the lvllpatrick Urothers" ranch. A
piece of ground was lltted according to
tho phui 1 will explain later on, and
summer-tilled ami thesced Whs put. In.
1 una a hull miles In.m theie Is n
little tiiwu. Tills land stood on a
little slope. On the morning of the
fifth day, practically four days, the
shape of that Meld could be seen from
the town from Its green color, and that
wheal had come up through from two
and n half to three inches of soli. Now,
it in absolutely necessary If you are
going to get quick get initiation or a
complete system of roots or a complete
development of stools, to haw the
soil firm and line tight up around the
grain, uud the closed heel shoe drill Is
Ihe only tool with which you cun do
it. liiedisu loosens It up; the hoe
leu Ves a loose condition. The double
disc Is worse yet, although they claim
for it that it spreads the seed, lint
that is not necessary. If you can get
the. seed down Into that little trough
shaped crevice, and when the ground
Is in good condition, that scud will he
covered with two or two and a half
inches of mutch on top.
The kind of plow to use cuts very
little tlgu re. It is the way you sow It
and the condition your ground Is in
when you sow It Unit brings you the
result.
Tho Campbell Plan
With reference to our plan of fitting
the ground, we will be as brief as we
cun. e start in we will suppose, in
the tpriiiff, on a piece of old ground.
We double dho it just as quick as the
conditions will let us jnto it, that is,
i ft er it hus thawed out and the wuter
1ms gone down euouh so t hut it will
irot stick to Ihe disc. Our object is
three-foi l. It is to stop the evapora
tion, to admit of Ihe air to help In
developing (ho nitrates ami bacteria,
and to put that surface in condition to
take the next ruin when it comes.
Now, a little bit on that point. Many
of 3011 have Wbteied tomato and cab-!
nuge plants. When you set them out
the surface will be dry. When you
put the water on it seems to lay there.
It doesn't percolate. There is a re
sistance in those dry particles under
neath. After awhile it works Its way
down and then you come around and
give It u second application and the
water is immediately gone. Now,
v. hen you have your soil m.ilst below
the mulch and when your rain comes
and it goes through the coarser soil on
top, as soon u it comes in contact
with tho moist soil below it goes right
down just the same as your second up
plication of water to the moist foll, !
wheie it will force its way by giaviiy j
on down, particle after particle, until
His distributed just the samu us your
first appl. cation to the tomato plant.
1 have watched this over and over
und over again. I have gono down
into the soil after heavy rums 10 tl mi
that the bottom of the moisture in the
soil would be from one to six or seven
three or four times as much, Then If
you get a rain, just an ordinary
shower that partly wets (hat miiMi,
tho common harrow, being larger,
answers the purpose Just in well. Yon
simply break up the top. Jf It is just
a little spiliiltiu on top and does not
scum to settle thu mtiloh, don't hoiher,
If you have a long dry spell and no
rain, walch tho solid soil right under
tho mulch and whenever you see the
top of It begins (n get 11 little dry,
cultivate, because It Is time. I have
seen several Instances whcio wu have
cultivated tho ground under those con
ditions after a long dry spell and ymi
could go there In the ii.oinlng and the
ground cultivated w mid tie perfectly
moist clear to the top, while Ho
gr ititid not gone over would still he
ory. The (Linger Is In forming a
crust iimlermmth w hloh prevents I In
en-illation of iIh nir and checks mi
development. Nw, this is vital.
Keep that surface loose until seed
time. If you have summer tilled
jour ground thoroughly do not put In
Turkey red winter wheat which I
think Is ut.questiouably tho boat
ofyieldurs we havo to exceed twenty
pounds of sued. If you do It will be
too thick.
Do Not Harrow In Tho Foil
Now, wo aro coming to a point
where we havo done considerable ex
perimenting, and we have come to the
cniic.lii.ilon thatji is not advisable to
harrow our grain in the fall unless we
havo an exceptionally heavy rain
after the wheat has begliu to stool.
Then it Is adv isable to harrow It, hut
we do not like to harrow It in tho fall
Oeeauso we have found tlist where we
do harrow it In (he fall, in the spring
tho ground Is liable U got crusted
HerlniHly so ttiat It Is ulmof-t Impossi
ble 10 loosen it up. When spring
comes, JiM as soon as (ho pioper con
dition Is reached, that Is, when the
soil is moist, not when It Is dry, go on
w-i h the harrow now, murk yuti, If
you havo followed this plan right
along you have got n liberal stooling,
your stools arc thoroughly fixed wllh
roots and you can tip your plants over
nidewiso and pretty nearly tear them
out and yet they will go on and grow.
Tlie important feature now, in the
spring, is to loosen up dial ciust
which has been formed, in older to
admit air.
Preparing Now Ground
Now, wo u.uy speak of going on to
new ground. .My Idea Is to break as
early as possible. When I left Dakota
my Idea was not to break ground
except when tlto grats was growing.
We thought that was (he best lime.
Now I havo come to the conclusion
ami this Is assuming that a man wants
to got something out of Iii money
that It is host to break Just as early as
pOKsilile, uud I would break In the fall
1f possible, turning the ground over
two and a half to three Inches deep
and rolling it flat. If a man lias fort
acres of ground to break it will p.iy
him to buy an old-fashioned roller to
woik that lhit, then follow with the
Acme harrow so as to loosen up Ihe top
and fill the crevics lo form u perfectly
smooth surface,
if you haven't 11 smooth roller and
cminot get one and the sub-surface
packer Is avuilabl.i, go ovr it twice
with that. In fact, we do Unit (in tin.
HuhJrodgo farm. Hy following that
plan wo havo found thut when u
reach along about July, when we want
to turn the ground a second (line to
prepare it for seed (ho sod Is rotted and
the subsoil beneath thu sod is rotted
uny whore from tliron to flvo Indies.
Mc I Abb ART &
n
HARDWARE
IMPLEMENTS
GROCERIES
AGENTS FOR
MADRAS, OREGON
Ti ' lu0&in,A
Clay pool Brothers
GliNERAL
ERCHANDISE
Clothing;, Boots
Shoes, Ktc
Prompt Attention to Mail Orders
PRINEVILLE, OREGON
M
A. E. CROSBY
r It O 1' It I KTO It
miiimiii. , urauiinia in unarini. naim iiuiii-arr utuirsiiieen. niDfunt tut
my I'uclnlt)-. HiryeJnilno nml I 'ml l)utrojrtjr. TixnU ami llior:ii'i
Absiic)- for Kttitmoxt Kodak, limit 'Phone. WllOM-SAl.K ANl nmil.
THE DALLES,
i.. ....... ..II.... ... i1.. 1 1 t r
itiuucn. UUUKIIJIIIU l II'D I I U , Jl- i V..... 1 .
r 1 .. . 1 . Now, wu go in w th a st rrliiL' nlow
ter a few days lhat hasgoue on down . , ,, ' P'ow,
11 . . .. 1 .! having lirst used the break nir nlow
uij'ililis all nraut caIv the same. ! "hl"1' Plow,
When a heavy rain comes, that die
solves uud settles this mulch that you
Dave loosened up on tup. You loosen
It up again with the harrow. If It ia
too heavy ami becomes loo compact,
use the disc again. lie sure to .keep ii
loose. Follow (his up to about the
last of June, and then plow It. Why
do ue Insist upon this up to that date?
lircause of thu weed question. You
will find that about the last of June
(he weeds will get very persistent, und
it is dflllcult to keep tliem down with
any tool we can iiuo on ttie surface in
that way. Then wo plow und work
late enough so that the second crop of
;tdB, unless we have a very favor-
uhle season, so fur us rainfall uud heat
uro concerned, will not come on in
time to hother at all, As soon as you
aio ready to do III u plowing oui
giouud Is molHt and in perfeui condi
tion and It lumhhs over and goes all
to pieces, und you follow with u pack
er thut makes thu bottom firm uud
then the Acmo harrow md I nay
Acme harrow because, us (ho gentle-
mac preceding me said, It will do verv
much more than tho commou burrow,
ami (urn it irom two uud 11 li ilf to
three inches more, following this time
wlili a Mili-surface paenar, and that
with an acme harrow or tho Green
harrow the Acme harrow will do u
Utile boiler work for u llttlo loss ex
peno. In cute of lining fr fu w1Hlt
loilow llio plan wo havo suggosfed,
out 11 a man wauls to break In the
spring and raise a crop, hrouk It a
llttlo deeper. (Jo down from three and
l liull 1 1 r"...iM I....I
- ...... ..,111 iimiiun. I'OIIOW IIH
closely as you can with tho roller,
vhllo it Is moist, because If you lot It
dry you cant got it down, Got It down
and thou diso and harrow until ynu
get tho surface thoroughly worked up,
(HlH'i'oifB NoTjTornoxt week
wo will publish In this column Prof.
Campbell's (iiiestlon box, In which ho
unswersa largo number of Important
questions a-hiid by diUeroiit delegates
at ihe Dry Farming Congress, cover
ingH.,1110 very esxeuttal points piuo
tlcod In sclentlllo farming,)
fTiuJale
Flvo hundred bushels hurley at my
plHce uour Methodist 1IIII, Joo M ur
uuoh, u4
13
I VERY
The best in Shaniko
dood Stock. Careful Drivers
Best of tiny and Grain Fed
At Very Reasonable Prices
I D. A. Howell, Shaniko, Or.
o
!
AS
to
(ft
o
to
Shaniko Warehouse Company
OENERAL STORAQE AND FORWARDING
Bpecial attention to Wool P'iding und Uflllng ,or1t'M,t'i!i!l
merits, fiealers In IllncHinlth Coa, Lime and Hulldcri
of til kIndB. Sulphur, Wool and Grain SacU and Twine,
iour and Feed. Highest prlco pnlU lor iiiaen -
Yftrdu with All tho lftteot und heat facllltlos for handling bw .
Mark Goods Oare of
"S. W. Co."
, T. G. CONDON, Manager-
X
Z ...Ml
A ......... . .
EASTERN OREGON BANKING COMPANY
t
t
FOREIGN EXCHANGE BOUCHT AND SOLD
DRAFT8 ON ALL PARTS OF THE WOrUB
Capitol Stock, $20,000
Doposlta, $230,000
SHANIKO,