' jg 13 KtflU m Receive Dow P ... .l tnltrtl lent li us"1 """" m0M THE THEME ir:L doctor- r " ... . . Tariff. duca fnvr- , .nt point! brought out M l j iMi cut"' . - ihtra will '.ill Wt W.,? bv th. de- " . . ..rifleatl.i-'.- . ..nnnl T.. fira lot ...hi human ill s'".". good or oru-. ... - u Mrtuny . ..:m hurt I B-' ' ... rnij . '." inn. ituxa WHO ' U. .. ..In. " . n f wlll-"""... ... In DT P" t if " them wnu ".".. wit, A PM'? 7?n. buslnets com- - r r" v. mm. nm in... Hnt iia latwi' fun im - . ... ..nnirT in in PVT..'... nf th rernn ... .I'll... -- .j.i nf minunii t. firmer -- - -....inn roan, .L ... jf pi..----- - . , nlten in mwirW "d Jiiiajiy Int.rtwln.d . .... majority 7".r . "m a who by h i "z: W11' intra. Normally tfl. ,WJwiT,a tllclly "ho MComt ir.t tro4Cll" n,r man 1 11": '. .v. taimr or ma" - . Hn. th.m to Pioduc. mo,. notn f . .tiiiM i rva nibcrDciMi . ... ... tu vr Lima ub iw h.WU", h. 1. thl. h.ilnf. "d iBHtwl normaii .... ,; ...n num. ana .':". k. m.Hnr conJIUona aucn "f". iL..inr b uy ... a.afliiai cnaractrr a a.U flfld IflM WIUI a-.- ;- " S tS iJitniirlou. and rffldent t- "-' .T."," i.-a fur. fitefillf, Hi inFriiri ," .lioirei tr tnvy.of hU.mora .. iuik.. ik itr ia ai ins tummi""" Ikkb Ibrr M W"1' IMUn "I""". ', .k. .l.li .111 anuradlr b that taut mar conn to tb i iiruca ai, situ Ikr Wow, Tan a a w.iui., ati itn tit mn aiiwn luiciiuit ramoralloui. ... . 1 .ImIiiIiib V. i I I n I a I . ..i. l. l. Int. thai IttMff UUk 11 II aiv imi - CerutotoUl rtilralnt or uwrviiin. i( at iitrjllonal men lata Ihtlr nf tat to ri that art for tha common let in win wtlch toll aialnit thl" iVA, 1R tUClUnT aillBHU lIMVUftll t. Mtiklrillnni a rm una an larva lillt vttnto-lUt la, to th Qovarnment, HKtMSU ina pwpia as a wnoio surna wvir vi laprrTiiion orar tnsir irur tN. li order to Iniur a htalthy ao- ai biwtrUI Ufa, trrry tlr corpora. a!i U htld rttnohalbla br and b ae. a (tcaoct I am In no itnn hoa. nmllw . ThU la an ait of com ua nj rnori to prevent ail com U1 U Mi only urttraa, but In III tt rtlluri 10 anlorca law IntvltaUIr w tacit lamiun ma mmrnw aooa II coreoillt Iltnclm In a nuinlrv utm. tti b wtallh of Intrllecl. n U H'lkllla 4...l4 4- .k.l. ' 17 (bflr 6fflMri anil i1irtka Th. r""""" , juai a ina trau lu torni to .tar B. h can do and -'iiuw. r.acn tnouia b favored I"" lood, llut rach ahould U CXCCtla Whr It aria avkln.l law LI MIT III fntai a. I .1 . iviui an iiiiiuraiion. in .; !! a minraiion: ior rrom JWlri Ui Urn r-ctutnlird In th ao tUUmklDr bodlta. anil all II.. I U U maal IK. k. i ji.i... ui . " v1"'" ' common (Witter th bowrr ll haa itwavi U1I iVltl KI . - ifiuianon or rain would ""' "filiation frnr.,1 l,v .n U7ftDB! im.a. . k. . . : to cm... r.i : . ' " rllro0" nm. tur; OBI th law Hurl. . ... . ..7f . ,n"nc. t once nut a aviia ui iny inn a i, . 1. 1 - . K'Utlrti OTtr aoma rlv.l. u Utiti f n rroaa thrm. .u.,vv'r?m.n' put linld ir. . 7 a""mmt of th. - hu c.rirui IIH.....I.. h "7 '"I Interni of i.. .,i.h. "aijoarm..! . nv. lank.. . . '"iir ior ariV" ii ik. ... ..w,r hy no mratia .. ftumin.itra.Hi-. . . I kit,. uuy me other o im:,. T"!1. 1 "rd icmm,d ..w.rr..0f "I" th. '. which ,0a.1x V'n maxl. lrrl..;,.", '"to full ,ff,Vi. . il met .-nr. Mrlt of at! InJ ' IIUILIIIIV WnilM ft.. I a VI IllPm Na Anal f. lmiV ,h. wlfre not nr.. r i at. . "'....r.' mutt lluilt wir....i..-. ...kuuo or rallwaf ItUrt.. M moat a-vrmlV '!lt4ilUn,.,"h?l our rllma,1 ha'v": u a.... r . ina Taunt.. ... " llin.. ail., k .u Wm n..r ""uru in a end la .riH... .. .iniiik. ..... . . ? btrti,,;' . aovernmoni ' i.o . ! Ham...::, 'wrr the .fY..m .... . ai -I V1 .... Z nriu ua l0 ... -lump i..... "ii ucnair r tv.. it. ..k. "..iiunai ri.n... . J... ""fiifv.r ai "aiiiua. n ii ,:." i a.i. . .::".""" immnat ti .k ""t or ih. " '""iion nyt ihi.," "oneit riii. .I1C' uut n th. . Lk'Lh PrL,ct , y.h.? ?. " InlH. . ll a allm, r: Wi '""or. iV"-.' " I'Oaalble frdm !. to th".' ffH VlJJl.10' m .mAn...V?vio ha la ill i. . i irai....7r- n iioor. trfl'h th. ,.vo. Wr.a.i.:':"' n f earn,.... .7. ; iad..r.- laotoi- i UW. .' Bt l.h ' .. .,0" m- ..ii mi i..: nn fc... - M HI 11 IflP ttlal m .?.4od,:lr:''' to ... , tola X"f. "on ao handl.d , , k rn. lve "0 d. by A read en land, wa ep.it to- .lt It bo longed to th. public find th. trafflo alone It wti fr... At prtient th. railway la thli highway, and w. muat do our ti.it to it. that It If k.pt open to all on .final t.rma. Unlllt. th old lilnhwny It 1. at v.ry difficult and compl.x thin to tnanaa;., and It la far ti.tt.r that It ahould b. manned by prl. vat. Individual, than by th. Oov.rnm.nt. Llior. Th. National Clov.rnment hn. a. a rul. but llttl. occnilon to deal with th. for mldabl. group of problem, connected mor. or directly with what U known a. th. labor qu.illon, for In th. great majority of can. the. probLmi mutt b. deal with by th. .tat. and municipal autheritl. and hot by th. National Government. Th. National Oav.rnm.nt ha control of th. Dl.trlct of 'Columbia, how.v.r, and It ahould aae to It that th. mir or waamngton 1 mad. a mod. I cltr In all reaped, both a regard, park., public playground, proper regulation of th. .y.t.m of houalng .o a. to do away with th. vll. of all.y tenement., a proper .y.t.m of education, a proper .yit.m of dealing with truancy and juv.nll. offender, a proper handling of th. charitable work of th. Dl.trlct. Moreover, there .heuld b. prop.r factory law. to pr.vent all abut in th. employment of women and children In th. Dl.trlct. The, will b. uaeful chiefly a. obj.ct l.aaon., but .ven thl. limited amount of u.efUln.. would be of r.al National value. Inttrranc. Th. great In.uranc. companlt. afford .trlk Ing .xampte. of corporatlomt whoa, butlnt. haa extended n far beyond th. Jurisdiction ol th. date, which created them a to preclude .trlct enforcement of aupervl.lon and rexula tlon by th. parent .tale. In my taat an nuat mcaaac X recommended "that the Con grea. carefully conilder whether the power of th. bureau of corporation cannot conatltu tlonally to extended to cover Interatat tran actlon. In In.urance." Itecent event have acter of Inaurance, for In th. abmnc. of emphaelied th. Importance of an early and ex hauttlve conelderatlon of thl. queatlon, to are whether It I. not poaalbla to furnlah bet trr aafeguard. than tha aeveral Mati-ti have been abl. to furnlah aealnat corruntlon of th. flagrant kind which ha. been expoaed. II ha. been only too clearly diown that certain of tha men at the head of the large cos. poratlon. take but .mall not. of th. ethlcfl distinction between honeaty and dlahonraty; they draw th. line only thl. nlde of what may be called law honmty, III. kind or honeaty neeneary In order to avoid falling Into th. clutche of th law. Of rourun tlin only com pleta remedy for thl condition mutt b found In an aroud public conscience, t higher atn of ithlcal conduct In tha community at large, and especially among bualne men and In th great proftanlon of Ih. law, and In the growth of a aplrlt which condemn, all dlxhonetty, whether In rich men or In poor man, whrther It take, tha .hap. of bribery or of blackmail, Hut much can be don. by leglalallon which I. not only drattlo but practical. There la need of a far stricter and mor. uniform regulation of tha vat Ineuranco Intere.t. of thl country. Th. United fitatt nhould In thli reaped follow the policy of other natlorui by providing ade quate1 national .upervlalon of commercial In. lere.t. which are clearly National In char acter. My predeceaaora have repeatedly recog nised that the foreign builnerm of three com t.anlr I. an lmrortant part of our foreign com mercial relation". During tho administration, nf t'rmldent. Cleveland, Uarrlmn and Mo Klntey tha Btata Department exercised Ita In fluence, through diplomatic channel, to pre vent unjust discrimination by forcltrn coun tries against American Insurance .ompnlra. Three negollatlona llluatrated the propriety of the Congreaa recognising tha National char Krderal legMallon the State Department could only give expremlon to tha wlahr. of tha au Ihorltlt of th aeveral state., who policy wa. Ineffective through want of uniformity. Tli Itevrnur.. There I. more need of stability tban of th. attempt, to attain an Ideal perfection In the method, of ratting revenue; and th. shock and .train to th. bulne. world cer tain to attend any serious change In the method, render such change Inadvisable un lets for grav reaton. It I not pottlble to lay down any general rul. by which to determine tha moment when the reaions for will outweigh the rrntont agalntt uch a change. Much muat depend, not merely on (ha need., but on tha dealrea of th. people a. a whole; for needs and desires are not necessarily Identical. Of courea no change can be mad on line, beneficial to, or detlrrd by, on tectlon or on state only. There must be something Ilk a general agreement among th eltlxen. of the several states, as represented In the Congress, that th. chang. Is needed and desired In tho Interest of the people a. a whole; and there should then be a sincere. Intelligent, and dlalntereated effort to make It In such snap a. will combine, so far a. possible, the maximum of good to the people at large with the mlnmum of neces sary disregard for th special Interest, of localities or classes, llut In time of peace the revenue must on tha average, taking a series of year, together, equal the expendi ture, or le tha revenue, muat b Increaaed. I-ast year there waa a deficit. Unlets our expenditures can b. kept within the rev enue then our revenue law mutt be read Jutted. It Is as yet too early to attempt to outline what shape such a readjustment ahould take, for II Is a yet too early to say whether there will be need for It. it ahould be conddcred whether It Is not dealrbala that th tariff lawe ' atimild riMvlil. ttr anrilvlnr aa trfllnil or In Yavor of any other nation maximum and minimum tariff rates established by the Congress, so as to secure a certain reel- 'Proclty of treatment between other nations :ond oureelves. Having In view even larger I considerations of policy than those of a i purely economic nature. It wou.4, in my i Judgment, be well to endeavor to bring ; about closer commercial connections with (he other peoples of (his continent. I am happy to be able to announce to you that Itustla now treat, us on Ih. moat-favored nation basis, Kronomy In Kxpendlturr. I earnestly recommend to (he Congress Ih need of economy and to this end of a rigid scrutiny of appropriations. As exam ples merely, I call your attention to one or two specific matters. All unnecessary offices should be abolished. The Commissioner of Ih. (lerteral Land Office recommends the abolishment of the office of receiver of pub lic money, for United Btates land offices. Thl. will effect a saving of about a quar ter of a million dollar, a year. A (he bust ness of th. Nation grows It I. Inevitable (hat there should be from lime to (Ime a legitimate Increase In tha number of offi cials, and (hi fact rendera It all the mor Important that when offices become unneces sary they should b. abolished. In th. pub lic priming also a largo saving of public money can be made. There Is a constantly growing tendency (o publish masse, of un important Information. It I. probably nol unfair lo .ay dial many Ijns of thousand of volumes are published at which no human being ever look, and for which there Is no real demand whatever. Federal Election. In my last annual message I saldi "The power of (ha Government to protect tha Integrity of tha elections of It. own offi cials Is inherent and ha. been recognised and affirmed by repeated declaration, of th. Hupreme Court. There I. no enemy of free government mora dangerou. and none so Insidious as (ha corruption of (he electorate. No one defend, or excuse, corruption, and It would .rem to follow that none would oppose vigorous measures to eradicate it. I recommend the enactment of a law directed against bribery and corruption in Federal elections. The detail, of such a law may b. safely left to tha wise discretion of tha Congress, but tt should go a. far us under the Constitution It I. possible to go, and should Include severe penalties against him who give, or receives a bribe Intended to Influence his net or opinion n. an elector; and provisions for tho publication not only of (ha expenditures for nominations and election, of all candidates, bul also of all contribution, received and expenditures made by political committees." I deslr. (o repeat this recommendation, in political campaign. In a country as large and populou. a our. ft Is Inevitable that thr.ro ahould be much expense of an entirely Im'tltnat hind. Thl., of course, means that many contributions, and soma of them of larg. else, must be made, and, us a mutter of fact, In any big political contest such contribution, are always mad to both sides. It Is ehtlruly proper both to glva and re ceive them, unless thera Is an Improper mo tive connected with either gift or reception. If they are extorted by any kind o( pressure or promts., express or Implied, direct or In direct, In the way of favor or Immunity, then the giving or receiving becomes not only Improper but criminal, It will un doubtedly be difficult a. a matter, of prac tical detail to ehapo an act which shall guard with reasonable certainty against suoh misconduct) but If It I. posslbl. to atcure by law the full and v.rlfled publication In detail of all th. .urn. contributed to and .xpended by th. candidate, or committee, of any political parti., th. result cannot but b. wholeaom. All contribution, by corpor atlon. to any political commute, or for any political purpose .hould b. forbidden by law, director, .hould not b. permitted to us. stockholders' money for such purpo'? and, moreover, a prohibition of thl. kind weild. be, aa far a. It w.nt, .st.ctlv J!I!I!!S? !fopp,B" "ll ma at fn hi v.iir:, .V' " on,r hould both An r...fIb 2 'ay ofnc,r or corporation or Tha.! nf-tn".m?.B,sr ot tn corporation In ft,0".. uny ."o". ut they should also inJ ,. i11" ot monr In connection with Jn.mi',,,"t,0.n.. bjr th mployment of tc. manner for distinctly l.gal Tho Hague) Conference, HaiH.flirn" tiS2.nf?r,.nc ot n"n h.ld at Th. ih. " i!.,,.ni89l'',b.,nc unbl 10 dl,P0 of all rnJ.M.U.i?." b0M . "commended th. frnno?..,"" "'m.nt of a number of to Pt?. .ii.2u"t.lon' br another conference dt. .,l ub,e?"ntly -nd at an early m Th. ,iJ '..'"Vf w,r th blowing: ii. i7.hM r,,h.u f"4 du"" of neutrals; 8) the i.a .ndnnih,f..rm4d ,orc" lnd and sa, and of military budgsts; (3) th. us. ,.,.,,,. "i.uiinj' oi private SffiS "rs. ?? ....) th. navat VoV... . WUA"' ."" no. villages by whlrh th Interparliamentary Union, d Jr ,!."? "d? y the lawmakers of 15 ciirurcnt nation. t . .......... ... . . ... - ..-s. i.ii.L.tu in. uemana illumA. con'e'Vc i nations, I Issued Th. i . ; " owrs signatory to Tlia llagu convention to send delegate, to I,iiin.?j?ftr.1S; nd ,u""td that It be again h.ld at Th Hagu. In It. not. of Decembet 10, 10M, th Unlt.d Stat. Gov ernment communicated to th. rtpreitntsv Jlves of foreign governments It. ballet that the conference could be best arranged un dir the provision, of the present Hagu. From all th power, acceptance wa. re S!.. d ""Died In om cat, with th. con dition that w. ahould wait until th. nd of t warkthen w'n between Jlut.la and !?"'.. Th TPror of Hunla, Immediately afler the treaty of peace which so happily lermlnaled (hi. war, In a not. presented to the I'rwrldnt on September 1J, through Am. batador Ilottn, took the Initiative In recom mndlne: that the conference bo now called. The United Ulate Government, In retponw, exprd Itn cordUl ac-riuleactnc. and tUted that It would, a a matter of cour. take part In th new conference and endeavor to further It. aim. W. aume that all civilized governments will trupport th movement, and that the conference la now an asaured fact. Thl. Oovernment will do .vtrytblng In It. power to eecur th succem of (he confer ence lo (he end (hat substantial progress may be made In the eatiaa of Int.rn.tinn.i Justic and good will. ' The) Monroe Doctrine, to develop along Its own line. If w had would not meet any of the need, of th. pres ent day, and Indeed would probably by (hi refuted (o apply the doctrine to changing con dition It would now be completely outworn. One of the moat effective Inttrumente for ptac I (he Monro Doctrine, as It haa been and la being gradually developed by thla Na tion and accepted by other nation. No other policy could have been a. efficient In pro moting peace In (he Wertern Hemltpher and In giving to each nation (hereon (he chance (Ime have mink Into complete oblivion. It 1. uteful at home, and I meeting with recotrnl (Ion abroad becaue we have adapted our application of It (o meet the growing and changing needs of (he hemisphere. 'When wa announce a policy, such as (he Monroe Doc trine, we thereby commit ourselve. to the con sequences of the policy, and (hote consequences from (Ime to time alter. It tn out ot th question to claim a right and yet shirk the responsibility for Its exercise. Not only we, but all American republics who are benefited by the existence of the doctrine, mu( recog nise (he obllgadonn each nation la under as regards foreign peoples no less than It duty to Intlrt upon It. own rlchts. That our rights and Interests are detply concerned In (he maintenance ot the doc trine Is to clear a hardly to need argument. Thla Is especially true In view of the con struction of the I'anama Canat. As a mere matter of self-defense we must exer .It a clote watch over the approache (o 'hit canal; and (hi mean that we mutt be thoroughly alive to our Interetts in (h. Caribbean flea. flan to Domingo. fianto Domingo, In her (urn, ha. now made an appeal (o ua (o help her, and not only every principle of wladom but every generous Instinct within us bids us respond (o (he ap. peal. It Is nol ot (he sllgh(es( consequence whether we grant (he aid needed by Santo Domingo as an Incident to the wise develop ment of the Monroe Doctrine, or because we regard the case ot Santo Domingo as stand ing wholly by Itself, and to be treated as such, and not on general principles or with any reference to the Monroe Doctrine. The Important point Is (o give (he needed aid, and the case Is certainly sufficiently peculiar to deserve (o be Judged purely on Its own merits. The conditions In Santo Domingo have for a number of years grown from bad to worse until a year ago all society was on tha verge of- dissolution. Fortunately, Just at (his (Ime a ruler sprang up In Santo Domingo, who, with his colleagues, saw (he dangers threatening their country and ap pealed to the friendship of the only great and powerful neighbor who possessed the power, and as they hoped alto the will to help them. There was Imminent danger ot foreign Intervention. The previous rulers ot Kanto Domingo had recklessly Incurred drbls, and owing (o her Internal disorders she had ceased to be able to provide means of paying (he debts. The patience ot her foreign creditors had become exhausted, and at lenat (wo foreign nations were on th point of Intervention, and were only pre vented from Intervening by the unofficial as surance of (his Government that It would Itself strive (o help Santo Domingo In her hour of need. In the case of one of these nations, only the actual opening of negotia tions to this end by our Oovernment pre vented the seizure of territory In Santo Do mingo by a European power. Of the debts Incurred some were Just, while some were not of a character which really renders tt obligatory on, or proper for, Santo Domingo to pay them In full. llut she could not pay any ot them unlets torn stability was aaaured her government and people. Accordingly the Executive Department of our Government negotiated a treaty under which we are to try (o help (he Dominican people to atralghten out their finances. This (reaty Is pending before the Senate. In (he meantime a temporary arrangement haa been made which will latt until the Senate has had lime (o take action upon the treaty. Under this arrangement (he Domini can Oovernment has appointed Americans (o all the Important positions In the customs service, and they are seeing to the honest collection of (he revenues, turning over per cent (o (he governmenl for running ex penses and putting the other 33 per cent Into a safe depositary for equitable division In cat the treaty ahall be ratified, among tha various credllors, whe(her European or American. Tha cus(omhouaes offer well-nigh (he only sources of revenue In Santo Domingo, and the different revolutions usually have as (heir real aim (he obUlnlng possession of (hese custom-houses. The mere fac( (hat the collectors of customs are Americans, that they are performing (heir duties with efficiency and honesty, and thai (he (reaty Is pending In the Senate, gives a certain moral power to th governmen( of San(o Domingo which !( ha. no( had before. This has completely discouraged all revolution ary movement, while It has already produced such an Increase In the revenues that th government Is actually Betting more from (he 45 per cenl (ha( (he American collcclors (urn over (o It than It got formerly when It took tho entire revenue. It Is ennbllng the poor harassed people of 8anto Domingo once more to (urn (heir altentlon to Industry and (o bo free from (he curse of Inter minable revolutionary disturbance. It offers to all bona fide credllors, American and European, tha only really good chance (i obtain (hot (o which (hey ora Jutly entitled, while It In return give, to Santo Domingo the only opportunity of defense against claims which It ought no( (o pay, for now If It meet, the view, of the Senalo wa shall ourselves thoroughly examine all these claims, whether American or foreign, and seo that none that are Improper are pold. There Is, of course, opposition to the treaty from dishonest credltois, foreign and Amer ican, and from tho professional revolution ists of (ho island Itself. We have already reason to believe tha( somo of (ho credllors who do not dare expose (heir claims to honest scrutiny are endeavoring to .tlr up sedition In the Island and opposition to the treaty. In the meantime I have exercised the authority vesled In me by (he Jolnl reso lution nf the Congress to prevent tha Intro duction of arms Into th. Island for revo lutionary purposes. Army nnd Navy. We cannot conntder the question of our for elgn policy without at the same time treating ol tha Army and the Navy. We now have a very small Army-lndeed, one well-nigh In finitesimal when compared with the army ot any other large nation. Of course, tha Army we do hava should be as nearly perfect of It. kind and for It. l l posalble. I do not boltev. that any army In Ih. world ha. a better average of enlisted man or a better type of Junior officer! but th. Army .hould b. trained to act .ff.ctlvely In a ms. Provis ion should b. made by sufficient approorla (Ion. for maneuver, of a practical kind o that th. troop, may learn how to tak. car. of tb.sTUMlTM unaer actual i.rvlc. conditions; v.rr march, for tnrtanc-, being mad. with th. soldier loaded exactly a. h. would b. In an actlv. campaign. Th General and Colo nl. would thereby have opportunity of hand ling regiment., brigade and division, and th. commissary and medical department, would ba tested In tha fltld. Provision .hould he mad. for th. .xercls. at leaat of a bri gade and by preference of a dlvMon la march ing and embarking at aom. point on our coast and disembarking at som. other point aid continuing It. march. The number of Pot In which tha Army Is kept In tlm. of peac nhould b. materially diminished and th. post, ttiat ar. left mad correspondingly larger. No local Interest should b. allowed to stand In the way of awtembllng th. greater part of th (roop which would at need form our field armies In station, of such size as will permit the best training to b. given to the personnel of all grade. Including th high officers and .taff officer. To accomplish this end w. must hav. not company or regimental garrison., but brigade and division garrisons. ' Our Navy must,, relatively to th. navl. of olher nation., alway. be of greater size than our Army. W. hav. mot wlMly continued for a number of yarr to build up our Navy, and It has now reached a fairly high standard of efficiency. This standard of efficiency must not only be maintained, but increased. It does not seem to me nscessary, however, that th Navy should at lesst In th Immediate future b. Increased beyond: the present num. ber of unltn. What In now clearly necessary In to subatKute efficient for Inefficient unit as the latter becom. worn out or as It be comes apparent that they ar useless.. Prob ably the result would be attained by adding a single battle-shlp to our Navy each year, tha superseded or outworn vessels being laid up or broken up as they are thus replaced. The four tingle-turren monitors built Immediately afler th. clone of the Spanish war, for In stance, ar vrrnels which would b- of but llttl. us. In the event of war. The- moneys pent upon them could have been more use fully spent In other ways. Thus It would have been far better never to have built a slnrle one- of these monitors and to have put t"e money Into an ample supply of reserve guns, Most of th remaller cruisers and trunboalo, (hough they serve, a useful purpose so far as they are needed for International police work, would not add to the strength of our Navr In a conflict with a serious foe. There Is urgent need of providing a large Increase In the number of officers, and especially In the number of enlisted men. Naturalization T-nws. During the past year evidence has accu mulated to confirm the expressions con tained In my last two annual messages a. to the Importance of revising by appro prlate legislation our system of naturalizing aliens. I appointed last March a commis sion to make a careful examination of our naturalization laws, and to suggest appro priate measures (o avoid the notorious abuses resulting from the Improvident or unlawful granting of citizenship. This com mission, composed of an officer of the De partment of State, the Department ot Jus tice, and of the Department of Commerce and Labor, has discharged the duty Imposed upon It, and has submitted a report, which will be transmitted to the Congress for Its conslderadon, and, I hope, for Its favorable action. Ureflcb.es of Trust In Public Service. There seems to be no statute of the United States which provides for the punishment of a United States Attorney or other officer of the Government who corruptly agrees to wrongfully do or wrongfully refrain from doing any act when the consideration foi such corrupt agreement is other than one possessing money value. This ought to be remedied by appropriate legislation. Legis lation should also be enacted to cover, ex plicitly, unequivocally and beyond question, breach of trust In the shape of prematurely divulging official secrets by an officer or employe of the United States, and to pro vide a suitable penalty (herefor. Such offi cer or employe owes the duty to the United Slates to guard carefully and not to divulge or In any manner use prematurely Infor mation which Is accessible to (he officer or employe by reason of his official position. Moat breaches of public trust are already covered by the law, and this one should be. Public-Land Lawt. Once again I call your attention to the condition of the public-land laws. Itecent developments have given new urgency (o (he need for such changes as will fit these laws (o actual present conditions. The honest dlspoaal and right uae of the remaining public lands Is of fundamental Importance. The Iniquitous methods by which th mo nopolizing of the public lands Is being brought about under th present law. are becoming more generally known, but the existing taws do not furnish effective reme dies. The recommendations of the Public Lands Commission upon this subject are wise and should be given effect. The creation of small Irrigated farms un der the reclamation act la a powerful offset to tha tendency of certain other laws to fos ter or permit monopoly of the land. Under that act the construction of great Irrigation works has been proceeding rapidly and suc cessfully, the lands reclaimed, are eagerly taken up, and the prospect that the policy ot National Irrigation will accomplish all that was expected ot It Is bright." The act should be extended to Include the State of Texas. The forest policy ot the Administration ap pears to enjoy the unbroken support of tha people. The great users of timber are them selves forwarding the movement for forest preservation. All organized oppotdtlon to the forest reserves In the West has disappeared. Since the consolidation of all Government for est work In the National Forest Service there has been a rapid and notable gain In the use fulness of the forest reserves to the people and In public appreciation of their value. The National parks within or adjacent to foreut reserves should be transferred to tha charge ot the Forest Service also. Merchant Marine, To (he spread of our (rade In peace and (he defense ot our flag In war a great and pros perous merchant marine la Indispensable. We should have ship of our own and seamen ot our own to convey our goods to neutral mar kets, and In case of need to reinforce our I battle line. It can not out d a source of re gret and uneaslnem to us that ths lines of communication with our sister republics of South America should ba chiefly under for eign control. It Is not a good thing that American merchants and manufacturers should have to send their goods and letters to South America via Europe If they wish security and dispatch. Even on th Pacific, where -our 1 ships have held their own better than on the Atlantic, our merchant flag la now threatened through ths liberal aid bestowed by other governments on their own steam lines. I ask your earnest consideration of the report with which the Merchant Marine Commission has . followed It long and careful Inquiry. I Pension.. It Is a matter ot unmixed satisfaction once more to call attention to the excellent work ot i the Pennlon Uureau; for the veterans of the Civil War have a greater claim upon ua than any other class of our citizens. To them, first of all among our people, honor Is due. Seven years ' ago my lamented predecessor. President McKlnle, stated that the time had come for the Nation to care for the grave, of the Confederate dead. I recommend that the Congress take action toward this end. The first need Is (o take charge of the graves ot the Confederate dead who died In Northern orison.. I Immigration. The question ot Immigration I. of vital In tercat (o thl. country. In the year ending Juno SO, 1003, there came (o the United States 1,020,000 alien Immigrants, In other wordH, In the .Ingle year that has Just elapsed there came (o (his country a greater number of people than came hero during the 100 years of our Colonial life which Intervened between the first landing at Jamestown and the Declara tion of Independence. It Is clearly shown In tho report of the Commlssloncr-aeneral of Immigration that while much of this enormous Immigration I. undoubtedly healthy and natur al, a considerable proportion Is undculrablo from ono reason or another; moreover, a con siderable proportion ot It, probably a very largo proportion, Including most of the unde sirable class, does not come hero ot Us own Initiative, but because of the activity of the agents of tho great transportadon companies. These a cents aro distributed (hroughou Eu rope, and by (ho offer of all kinds of Induce mentH they wheedle and cajole many Immi grants, often against their best Interest, to come here. Th most serious obstacle we have to encoun(er In (he effort to secure a proper regulation of the Immigration to these shores arises from the determined opposition of th foreign steamship lines who have no Intent whatever In the matter save to Increase tho returns on their capital by carrying musses of Immigrants hither In the steerage quarter, ot (heir ships. The questions arising In connection with Chlneno Immigration stand by themselves. The conditions In cnina ar. sucn mat ma enuro Chinese coolie class, (hat Is, th. class of Chinese laborers, skilled and unskilled, le gitimately com. under the head of undesir able Immigrant, to this country, because of their numbers, the low wages for which they work and their low utandard of living. Not only Is It to the Interest of (hla counlry to keep them out, but the Chinese authorities do not dealre that they .hould be admitted. At present their entrance I. prohibited by law. amply adequate to accomplish thl. purpose. These law. hav. been, ar being and will b. thoroughly nforcd. Th violation, of (hem ar o fw In number aa to b. Infinitesimal ! and caa b tatlrtly dutregard.d, Tbtr la bo s.rfou. proposal te alter th Immigration law a. regard, th Chine., laborer, .killed or unskilled, and there 1. no excuse for any man feeling or affecting to feel tb. .'lightest alarm on tb. .object. llut in th. effort to carry out tha poller of excluding Chinese laborers, Chine, coolie., grav. Injustice and wrong hav. been done by thl. Nation to th. people of China, and there fore ultimately to this Nation Itself. Chin students, business and professional men of all kinds not only merchants, but bankers, doc tors, manufacturers, profesnors, traveler, and tha like ahould be encouraged to coma her and treated on precisely the same footing that wa treat students, business men. traveler, and the Ilka of other nations. Our law and treaties should be framed, not so tut to out them people In tha excepted classes, but to state that wa will admit all Chinese, exceot Chinese of the coolta class. Chinas skilled or unskilled laborers. There would not ba the least danger that any such provision would result In any relaxadon of (he law about laborers. These will, under all conditions, be, kept out absolutely, But It will be more eaery to sea that both Justice and courtesy are shown, a. they ought to- be shown, to other Chinees,. If th. law or treaty I framed as above suggested. Examinations should b completed at th. port of departur. from China. For thl. purpose there should be pro vided a mora adequate Cormular service In China than w. now have. The appropriations, both for (he offices of the Consuls and for the office forces In ths Consulates, should be Increased. Thla Oovernment has the friendliest feeling for China and desires China's well-being. W cordially sympathize with the announced pur pose of Japan to stand for the Integrity of China. Such an attitude tend to tb peace of th world". The Ctvll Service. , The civil service law has been on the statute books for 22 years. Every President and a vast majority of heads of departments who have been In office during that period hav fa vored a gradual extension of the merit nys tem. The more thoroughly Its principles hava been understood tha greater has been the fa vor with which the law has been regarded by administrative officers. Any attempt to carry on the great executive departments of the Government without this law would inevitably result In chaos. The Civil Service Commit ilonens are doing excellent work, and their compensations 1a Inadequate considering the servlc. they perform. Adulteration of Foods. I recommend that a law be enacted to regulate Interstate commerce In mlsbranded and adulterated foods, drinks and drugs. Such law would protect legitimate manufac ture and commerce, and would tend to se cure the health and welfare of the consum ing public. Traffic In foodstuffs which have been debased or adulterated so as to injure health or to deceive purchasers should be forbidden. National Parks. L call your attention to the generous act of tha State of California In conferring upon the United States Government the own ership of the Ycaemlte Valley and the Mari posa Big Tree Grove. Thero should be no delay In accepting the gift, and appropria tions should be made for the Including thereof In the Tosemlte National Park, and for the care and pollcelng of the park. Cali fornia has acted moil wisely as well as with great magnanimity In the matter. There are certain mighty natural features of our land which should be preserved In perpetuity for our children and our chil dren's children. In my Judgment the Grand Canyon of the Colorado should be made Into a National park. It Is greatly to be wished that the State of New York should copy as regards Niagara what the State ot California has done as regards the Yosemlte. Noth ing should be allowed to Interfere with the preservation of Niagara Falls In all their beauty and majesty. If the state cannot see to this then It Is earnestly to be wished that she should be willing to turn It over to the National Government, which should In such case (If possible. In conjunction with th- Canadian government) assume the burden and responsibility of preserving unharmed Niagara Falls; Just as It should gladly as sume a similar burden and responsibility for the Tosemlte National Park, and as It has already assumed them for the Yellow stone National Park. Adequate provision should be made by the Congress for the proper care and supervision of . all these National parks. The boundaries ot the Yel lowstone National Park should be extended to the south and east to take In such por tions of (he abutting forest reservation as will enable the Government to protect the elk on their Winter range. Life-Saving Service. I call your especial attention to the de sirability of giving to the members of the Life-Saving Service pensions such as are given to firemen and policemen In all our great cities. The men In the Life-Saving Service continually and In the most matter of fact way do deeds such as make Amer icans proud of their country. They have no political Influence: and they live In such re mote places that tha really heroic services they continually render receive the scantiest recognition from the public. It Is unjust for a great nation like this to permit these men to become totally disabled or to meet death In the performance of their hazardous duty and yet to give them no sort of re ward. If one of them serves 30 years of his Ufa In such a position he should surely be entitled to retire on half pay, as a fireman or policeman does, and If he becomes totally Incapacitated through accident or sickness or loses his health In the discharge of his duty he or his family should receive a pen sion Just as any soldier should. I call your attention with especial earnestness to this matter because It appeals not only to our Judgment but to our sympathy; for the people on whos behalf I ask It are compara tively few In number, render Incalculable service of a particularly dangerous kind, and hava no one to speak for them. Indians. During the year Just past, the phase ot the Indian question which has been most sharply brought to public attention Is the larger legal significance of the Indian's Introduction Into citizenship. This has made itself mani fest not only in a great access ot litigation In which the citizen Indian figures as a party defendant and In a more widespread dispo sition to levy local taxation upon his per sonalty, but In a decision ot the United States Supreme Court which struck away the main prop on which has hitherto rested the Government's benevolent effort to pro tect him against the evils of Intemperance. The court holds, in effect, that when an Indian becomes, by virtue of an allotment of land to him, a citizen of the state In which his land Is situated, he passes from under Federal control In such matters as this, and the acts ot the Congress prohibiting the sale" or gift to him of Intoxicants become sub stantially Inoperative, It Is gratifying to note that the states and municipalities of the West which have most at stake In the welfare of the Indians are taking up this subject and are trying to supply. In a meas ure at least, the abdication of Its trusteeship forced upon the Federal Government Never theless, I would urgently press upon the at tention of the Congress the question whether some amendment ot the Internal revenue laws might not be of aid In prosecuting those malefactors, known In the Indian coun try as "bootleggers," who are engaged at once In defrauding the Untied States Treas ury of taxes and, what Is far more Impor tant, In debauching th. Indians by carrying liquors illicitly Into territory still completely under Federal Jurisdiction. The Philippines. During the last year the Philippine Islands have been slowly recovering from the series of dimeters which, since American occupa tion, have greatly reduced the amount of ag rtcultural products below what was produced In Spanish times. The war, the rinderpest, tho locusts, the drought and the cholera have been united aa causes to prevent a return ot the prosperity much needed In tho Islands. The most serious la (he destruction by the rinder pest, of more than T5 per cent of the draft cattle, because It will take several years of breeding to restore the necessary number of these Indispensable aids (o agriculture. The Commission attempted to supply by purchaso from adjoining countries (he needed cattle, but (he experiments made were unsuccessful. Most ot the cattle Imported were unable to withstand the change of climate and the rig or ot the voyage and died from other dis eases than rlnderuest. lteiluctlou of Tariff Needed. The agricultural conditions of the Islands enforce more strongly than over the argument . . .. 1 .... I .1.. . .. . M . in mvur (U iruutini .no mini uii .ua -jivu ucts of the Philippine Islands entering (ha United States, I earnestly recommend that upon the products of (he Philippine Islands ba entirely removed, except the tariff on sugar and (obacco, and (hat that tariff be reduced to 25 per cent ot tha present rates under tha Dlngley act; that after July 1, 1000, the tariff upon tobacco and nugar produced In the Philippine Islands be entirely removed and that tree trade between the Islands and the United States In the products of each country then be provided for by law. Hawaii. In my judgment Immediate steps should be taken for th fortification of Hawaii. This Is th. most Important point In th. Paclflo lo fortify In order (o conserve th. Interests of this country. It would be hard to overstate (h. Importance ot thl. need. Hawaii I. too heavily taxd. Law. .hould b. enaoted let. (lag aside for a period of, say, 30 year. 18 per cent of th. Internal revenue and costofflsr receipt, from Hawaii as a special fund to to expended In th. Islands for educational and publlo buildings, and for harbor Improve ment and military and naval defenses. It cannot be too often repeated that our aim most be to develop the Territory of Hawaii on traditional American lines. That territory has serious commercial and Industrial prob lems to reckon with; but no measure of relief can be considered which looks to legislation admitting Chinese and restricting them by statute to Held labor and domestla servlc. The status of servility can never again b. tolerated on American soil. We cannot con cede that the proper solution of tt. problems Is special legislation admitting to Hawaii a, class of laborers denied admlmlon to tha other states and territories. There are obstacles, and great obstacles. In tha way of building tha tariff now Imposed by the Dlngley bill up s representative American community In the Hawaiian Islands; but It Is not In the American character to give up In the face ot difficulty. Many an American commonwealth has been built up against odd. equal to those that now conf.-ont Hawaii. Porto Tllco. I earnestly advocate the adoption of leg islation which will explicitly confer Ameri can citizenship on all citizens of Porto Itlco. There Is, In my Judgment, no excuse for failure to do this. The harbor of San Juan hould be dredged and Improved, The ex pentes of the Federal Court of Porto Itlco hould be met from the Federal Treasury, and not from the Porto RIcan treasury. Ths elections In Porto Tllco should take place every four years, and the Legislature should meet In session every two years. The pres ent form of government In Porto Itlco, which provides for the appointment by tha Presi dent of the members of the executive coun cil or upper House ot the Legislature, has proved satisfactory and has Inspired confi dence In property-owners and Investors. I do not deem It advisable at the present time to change this form In any material feature. The problems and needs of the Island are Industrial and commercial rather than po litical. Alaska I earnestly ask that Alaska be given aa elective delegate. Some person should be chosen who can speak with authority of the needs of the territory. The Government should aid In the construction ot a railroad from the Gulf of Alaska to the Yukon Illver, In American territory. In my last two messages I advocated certain additional ac tion on behalf of Alaska. I shall not now repeat those recommendations, but I shall lay all my stress upon the one recommen dation of giving to Alaska some ono au thorized to speak tor It. I should prefer that the delegate was made elective, but If this Is not deemed wise then make him ap pointive. At any rate, give Alaska some person whose business It shall be to speak with authority on her behalf to the Con gress. The natural resources ot Alaska are great. Some of the chief needs of the pecul iarly energetic, self-reliant, and typically American white population of Alaska Avere set forth In my last message. I also ear nestly ask your attention to the needs of the Alatkan Indians. All Indians who are com petent should receive the full right, of American citizenship. It Is, for instance, a gross and Indefensible wrong to deny to such uara-working, decent-living Indians as the Metlakahtlas the right to obtain licenses as captains, pilots and engineers, the right to enter mining claims, and to profit by the homestead law. These particular Indians are civilized, and are competent and en titled to be put on the same basis with th white men round about them. Admission to Statehood. I recommend that Indian Territory and Oklahoma be admitted as one state and that New Mexico and Arizona be admitted as one state. There is no obligation upon us to treat territorial subdivisions, which are mat ters of convenience only, as binding us on the question of admission to statehood. Nothing has taken up more time In the Congress during the past tew years than tha question as to the statehood to be granted to the four territories above mentioned, and after careful consideration of all that has oecr. developed In the discussions of tha question I recommend that they be Imme diately admitted as two states. There Is no Justification for further delay: and -the ad visability of making the four territories Into two states has been clearly established. The Panama Canal, The treaty between the United States and the Republic of Panama, under which the construction of the Panama Canal was mad possible, went Into effect with Its ratification by the United Btates Senate on February 23, 1004. The canal properties of the French Canal Company were transferred to the United States on April 23. 1001, on payment ot 140,000,000 to that company. On April 1, 1005, the Commission was reorganized, and It now consists of Theodore P. Shonts. chairman; Charles E. Magoon, Benjamin M. Harrod, Rear-Admiral Mordecal T. Endlcott. Brigadier-General Peter C. Halns, and Colo nel Oswald H. Ernst. John F. Stevens waa appointed chief engineer on July 1 last. Active work In canal construction, mainly preparatory, has been In progress for lesa than a year and a half. During that period two points about the canal have ceased to be open (o debate. First, the question of route; the canal will be built on the Isthmus of Panama. Second, the question of feasi bility; there are no physical obstacles on this route that American engineering skill will not be able to overcome without serious dif ficulty, or that will prevent the completion of the canal within a reasonable 'time and at a reasonable cost. This Is virtually the unanimous testimony of the engineers who have Investigated the matter for the Gov ernment, Necessity of Dispatch. The point which remains unsettled Is tha question of type, whether the canal sha be one of several locks above sea-level, or at sea-level with a single tide lock. On thla point I hope to lay before tha Congress at an early day the findings of the advisory beerd of American and European engineers, that at my Invitation have been considering the subject, together with the report of th Commission thereon: and such comments thereon or recommendations In reference thereto as may seem necessary. The American people Is pledged to tha speediest possible construction ot a canal adequate to meet the demands which the commerce of the world will make upon It. and I appeal moat earnestly to the Congress (o aid In (he fulfillment of the pledge, a rat ifying progress has been made during the past year and especially during the past four months. The greater part of th necessary preliminary wurk has been done. Actual work of excav.u'or could be begun only on a limited irab- till the Canal Zone wa. made a healthful place to live In and to work In. Tho Isthmus had to be sanitated first. Thlj task has been so thoroughly accomplished that yellow fever haa been virtually extirpated from the Isthmus and general hfsHh conditions vastly Improved. The same methods .which converted (he Island ot "uba from a pest hole, which men. aced the health if the world, into a health, ful place of abode, have been applied on tha Isthmus with rntlitactory results. There 1. no reason to doubt that when the plans tor water supply, paving, and sewerage of Pan ama n& Colcn and tha large labor camps have been fully iarrled out, the Isthmus will be, for the Tropics,, an unusually healthy place ot abode. The work la so far ad vanced now that the health ot all those em ployed In canal work la as well guarded aa It Is on similar work In this country and elsewhere. What Is needed now and without delay Is an appropriation by the Congress to meet the current and accruing expenses of ths Comvilsslon. The first appropriation of $10, 000,000, qut of the $133,000,000 authorized by the Spooner act, was made three years ago. It Is nearly exhausted. There Is bare, ly enough of It remaining to carry the Commission to the end of the year. Unless the Congress shall appropriate before that time all work must cease. To arrest prog ress for any length ot time now, when mat ters are advancing so satisfactorily, would be deplorable. There will be no money with which to meet pay-roll obligation! and none with which to meet bills coming dqa for materials and supplies; and there wMl b demoralization of the forces, here and on the isthmus, now working so harmoniously and effectively, tt there Is delay In granting an emergency appropriation. Estimates of the amount necessary will be found In th accompanying reports ot the Secretary ot War and the Commission, The Department of State. I recommend more adequate provision than has been made heretofore for ths work of ths Department of State, Within a tew years there has been a very great Increase In th. amount and Importance of the work to b. done by that department, both In Washing, ton and abroad. This has been caused by the great Increase of our foreign trade, the In. crease ot wealth among our people, which en. ablea them to travel mors generally than heretofore, the Incrjasa of American capital which Is seeking Investment In foreign ooun tries, and tho growth of our power and weight In tho councils of the civilised world. There has been no corresponding Increase ot facilities for doing the work afforded to th. department having charge of our foreign re latlons. THEODORE ROOBBVBLT. Th Whit. House. Deo. 0. 1806.