5upplement
TO
PLAINDEALER.
THURSDAY...... DECEMBER 7, 1SOO.
Ii'8 II
11
The President's Address
to Congress.
rOUCY IN THE FH1UPHXES
the act. the power to sue therefor In any
circuit court of the United 8:ate w.thout
respect to the amount In controversy, and
to recover three-fold the damages by h m
sustained and the costs of the suit. Includ
ing reasonable attorney fees. It will be
perceived that the act Is aimed at every
kind of combination In the nature of a
trust or monopoly In restraint of Interstate
or International commerce.
The prosecution by the United States of
offenses under the act of 1R0 has been fre
quently retorted to in the federal courts,
and notable efforts In the restraint of In
timate commerce, such as the "Trans
Mlssourl Freight Assoc's-'on" and the
"Joint TrafBc Assocla'.l " have been
successfully opposed and suppressed.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
ftefceUiea la- Kearly Ended and Kates
BsB4kUos for Entmre Govern
teat All 6tfiBnU Are Friendly
to the Catted States-Favors Cold.
To the Senate and House of Representa
tives: A.t the threshold of your deliberations
yon are called to mourn with your coun
trymen the death of Vice-Prog dent Ho
fcart. who passed from this life on ths
scorning of November 21 last. His great
oul now rests In .eternal peace. His prl
ate life was pure and elevated, while his
public career was ever distinguished by
large capacity, stainless Integrity sxd ex
alted motives. He has been removed from
the high office which he honored and dig
nified, but his lofty character, his devo
tion te duly his honesty of purpose and
stable virtues remain with us as a price
less tef iry sad example.
.. -
I.riO!l OF THE COUKTRT.
SVoasw-risy at Hense nod Peace With,
AU GeveranseBtn.
The Beth congress convenes In Its first
regular session with the country In a
condition of unusual prosperity, of uni
on sal good-will among the people at
koaae and relations of peace and friend
ship w:la every government of the world.
Oar foreign commerce has shown great
increase In volume and value. The com
bined imports ajid exports for the year
are the largest ever shown by a single
Tver in all oar history. Our exports for
1-8J alone exceeded by more than II
409,910 our Imports and exports comb.ceJ
in lOTg. The imports per capita are 10 per
cent lees than la ISA while the exports
jwt capita are H per cent more than in
IFlt. showing the enlarged capacity of the
Caited States to satisfy the wantsof its
era increasing population, as well as to
contribute to those of the people of other
nations. Exports of agricultural products
'were rM.T7t.lC Of manufactured prod
wets we exported in value S33.2.1. be
ing larger than any previous year. It l
a. noteworthy fact that the only years in
aQ our history when the products of our
manufactures sold abroad exceeded those
. sought abroad were UB8 and 1839.
THE GOLD STANDARD. I ney-general to Institute proceedings In
I equity to prevent and restra n such vtola-
A Fitting- Tisse to Make Provision (or i tlona. It further confers upon any per
ils Coatlaaaaee. 1 son or corporation, by reason of anything
i I urgently recommend that, to support
; the existing gold s andard and to maln
; tain the partly In value of the coins of
the two metals (gold and silver) and the
equal power of every dollar at all times
In the market and In the paymen: of
debts, the secretary of the treasury be
given additional power and charged with
the duty to sell United Bta'.es bonds and
to employ such other effective means as
may be necessary to these ends. The au
thority should include the power to
bonds on long and short time, as condl
J tions may require, and shou.d p.o..ue
for a rate of Interest lower than that
fixed by the act of January 14. 1STS. While
there is now no commercial fright which
withdraws gold from the government.
but. on the contrary, such widespread
confidence that gold seeks the treasury,
demanding paper money In exchange, yet
the very situation points to the present as
the most fitting time to make adequate
provision to Insure the continuance of the
gold standard and of public confidence in
the ability and purpose of the govern
ment to meet all its obligations In the
money which the civilised world recog
nises as the best.
afra-aaras Asaint "Endless Cnaln."
The financial transactions of the gov
ernment are conducted upon a gold ba
sis. We receive gold when we sell
United States bonds, and use gold for thir
payment. We are maintaining the parity
of ail the money Issued or coined by au
thority of the government. We are doing
these things with the means at hand.
Happily, at the present time we are not
compelled to resort to loans to tupply
gold. It has toeen done in the past, hvw
ever, and may have to be done In the fu
ture. It behooves us. therefore, to pro
vide at once the best means to meet the
emergency when it arises, and the bent
means are those which are the most cer
tain and economical. Those now author
ised have the virtue neither of directness
nor economy. We have already elim
inated one of the causes of our financial
plight and embarrassment durlr.g the
years IMS. ISM. IMS and IS. Our re
ceipts now equal our expenditures: de
ficient revenues no longer create alarm.
Let us remove the only remaining cause
by conferring the full and necessary power
, on the secretary of the treasury and Im
pose upon him the duty to uphold the
I present gold standard and preserve the
coins of the two metals on a parity wl'.h
each other, which la the repeatedly de
clared policy of the United States.
In thia connection I repeat my former
recommendations that a portion of the
gold holdings shall be placed In a trust
fund from which greenbacks shall be re
deemed upon presentation, but when once
redeemed shall not thereafter be paid out.
except for gold.
CHIXESE EMPIRE.
American Capital Finding I rest
aur at. aad Trade Growlaar.
forbidden or declared to be unlawful by j ,n vleW of d4tuiances In the popu ous
was taken until the boundary should be
adjusted by the two governments. The
subject has been receiving the careful at
I ttntlon which Its importance demands,
: with the result that a modus Vivendi for
provisional demarkatlons in the region
, about the head of Lynn canal has been
' agreed upon, and It is hoped that the
negotiations now in progress between the
two governments will end In an agree
ment for the establishment and deilrnlta
( tlon of a permanent boundary.
I Attitade la Anglo-Boer War.
Apart from these questions growing out
provinces of Northern China, where are
many of our cltlsens, and of the Immi
nence of disorder near thecapital and to
ward the seaboard, a guard of marines
was landed from the Boston and sta
tioned during last winter In the legation
compound at Peking. With the restora
tion of order thia protection was with
drawn. The Interest of our clttsens in
that vast empire have not been neglected tof our relationship with our northern
riSAXCES OF THE SATIOS.
OCR MERCHAST MARISE.
ladastrlal Great aeon Cheat Be lss
piranentea' kg Sea Progress.
The value of an American merchant ma
rine to the extension of our commerc si
trade and the strengthening of our power
upon the sea Invites the Immediate action
of congress. Our national development
will be one-sided and unsatisfactory so
long as the remarkable growth of our In
land Industries remains unaccompanied
by progress on the res. There Is no lack
of constitutional authority for legls'-a.ion
which shall give to the country maritime
strength commensurate with Its indus
trial achievements and with Its rank
among nations of the earth. The past
year has recorded exceptional activity in
j our shipyards, and the premises of con
I t.nual prosperity in shipbuilding are abun
' dant- Advanced legislation for the protec
tion of our seamen has been enacted. Our
coast trade, under regulations wisely
framed at the beginning of the govern
ment and since, shows results for the psst
fiscal year unequaled In our records or
those of any other power. We shall fall
to realise our opportunities, however, if
we complacently regard only matters at
home and blind ourselves to the necessity
of securing our share In the valuable car
rying trade of the world.
Last year American vessels transported
a smaller chare of our exports and Imports
than during any former year In all our
history, and the measurw of our depend
ence upon foreign shipping was painfully
manifested to our people. Without any
choice of our own. but from necessity, the
departments of the government charged
j with military and naval operations In the
East and in the West Indies had to ob
tain from foreign flags merchant vessels
essential for these operations.
PROBLEM OP THE TRISTS.
aaeelpta aa Diaaaroraseata (or the
Last Floral Year.
Government receipts from all sources for
the fiscal year ended June ). 13S9. Includ
ing gll.TSs.X14 14. part payment of the Cen
tral Pacific Indebtedness, aggregated SS10.
geXflM XS. Of this sum. customs receipts
vera nJC.12a.4Sl TS. and those from Inter
nal revenue tn.4T.ISl EL For the fiscal
Tear the expenditure were ro0.WJ.ifc4 02.
Wring a deficit of. JS3.Ul.ii C7.
The secretary of the treasury estimates
that the receipts for the current fiscal
pear will aggregate SC40.a58.112. and upon
the, basts of present appropriations the ex
penditures will aggregate SSU0.Si8.U2. teav
ang S40.000.00a For the fiscal year ended
Jane SO, IK'S, the Internal revenue receipt
were Increased about $100,000,000. ,
Streasrta of the Tresisry.
The present gratifying strength of the
treasury Is shown by the fact that on
: .December 1. 1899. the available cash hal- .
stnee was CTg.004.gn 72. of which ST39.T44.-
M St was in gold cola and bullion. The I
conditions of confidence which Prevail , E.ry Aasraameat of the Ex-
throughout the country have brought gold , utlaar Law.
xuuy snore genera use. nnu . . , . .
trusts to control the conditions of trade
among our cltlsens, to stifle competlilan.
limit production, and determine the prices
of products consumed by the people, are
provoking public discussion and should
early claim the attention of congress. The
industrial commission created by the
act of congress of June 18. LS9,
has been engaged In extended hearings
upon the deputed questions involved In
the subject of combinations in re
straint of trade and competition. They
have oot yet completed the Investigation
of this subject, and the conclusions and
recommendations at which they may ar
rive are undetermined. The subject is one
giving rise to many divergent views as to
the nature and variety or cause and ex
tent of the injuries to the public which
may arise from large combinations con
centrating more or less numerous enter
prises and establishments, which previous
to the formation of the combination were
carried on separately. It Is universally
conceded that combinations which engross
or control the market of any particular
kind of merchandise or commodity neces
sary to the general community by sup
pressing natural and ordinary competi
tion, whereby prices are unduly enhanced
to the general consumer, are obnoxious
not only to the common law, but also to
the public welfare. There must be a rem
edy for the evils Involved In such organ
isations. If the present law can be ex
tended more certainly to control or check
these monopolies or trusts. It should be
done without delay. Whatever power the
congress possesses over this most Import
ant subject should be promptly ascer
tained and asserted.
The Present Aetl-Traet Law.
President Harrison, In his annual mes
sage of December X, 1899, said:
Earnest attention should b given by
congress to a consideration oi tne ques
tion how far the restraint of those com
binations of capital, commonly called
"truste," is a matter of federal jurisdic
tion. When organised, as they often are.
to crush out all healthy competition and
to monopolize the production or sale of
an article of commerce and general neces
sity, they are dangerous conspiracies
No Dispute of Serloas Character With.
Aay Govrraateat.
A review of our relations with foreign
states Is presented, with such recom
mendations as are deemed appropriate.
In my last annual message I adverted
to the claim of the Austro-Hungar-an
government for Indemnity for the killing
of certain Austrian and Hungarian sub- .
jects by the authorities of the state of
Pennsylvania, at Latllmer, while sup
pressing an unlawful tumult of mlne;s.
September 10. 1SS7. In view of the verd ct
of acquittal rendered by the court before
which the sheriff and his deputies were
tried for murder, and following the estab
lished doctrine that the government may
not be held accountable for Injuries suf
fered by individuals at the hands of the
public authorities while acting In the line
of duty in suppressing disturbances of the
public peace, this government, after due
consideration of the claim advanced by
the Austro-Hungar.an government, was
constrained to decline liability to Indem
nify the sufferers.
It Is gratifying to be able to announce
that the Belgian government has mitigated
the restrictions on the importation of
cattle from the United States, to which I
referred In my last annual message.
Having been Invited by Belgium to par
ticipate in a congress held at Brussels to
revise the provlMons of the general art
or July 2. 1K. for the repression of the
A Mean slave trade, to which the United
States was a signatory party, this gov
ernment preferred not to be represented
by a plenipotentiary, but reserved the
right of accession to the result. Notable
changes were made, those especially re
ferring to this country being in the line
of Increased restriction of the deleterious
trade tn spirituous liquors with the na
tive tribes which this government has
from the outset urgently advocated. The
amended general act will be laid before
the senate with the view to Its advice and
consent.
j Discussion of the questions raised by the
action of Denmark In Imposing restric
tions on the importing of American meats
has continued without substantial result
la our favor.
oath Aasrrlca.
The long-pending boundary dispute be
tween the Argentine Republic and Chile
was settled In March last, by the award
of an arbltraMca commission, upon which
the United States minister at Buenos
Ayres served as umpire.
Progress has been made toward the con
clusion of a convention of extradition with
the Argentine Republic Having been ad
vised and consented to 4y the United
States senste and ratified by Argentina, it
only awaits the adjustment of some slight
changes In the text before exchange.
Central Asoerlea.
The experimental association of Nicara
gua, Honduras and Salvador, under the
title of the Greater Republic of Central
America, when apparently on the thresh
old of a complete federal organisation by
the adoption of a constitution and the
formation of a national legislature, was
disrupted In the last days of November.
l.v. by the withdrawal of Salvador.
Thereupon Nicaragua and Honduras
abandoned the joint compact, each re
suming Its former independent sovereign
ty, inis was followed try the recep- i
during the past year. Adequate protec'
lion has been secured for our mission
aries and some Injuries to their property
have been redressed.
American capital has sought and found
various opportunities of competing to
carry out the Internal Improvements
which the Imperial government Is wjely
encouraging, and to develop the natural
resources of the empire. Our trade with
China has contlnutd to grow, and our
commercial rights under existing treaties
have been everywhere maintained during
the past year, as they will be In the fu
ture. -
The extension of the area offered to In
ternational foreign settlement at Shang
hai and the opening of the ports of Nsn
klng. Klaochou and Tallenwan to foreign
trade and settlement will doubtless afford
American enterprise additional facilities
and new fields of which it will not be slow
to take advantage.
In my message to congress of December
S. 1S, I urged that the recommendation
witch had been made to the speaker of
the house of representatives by the sec
retary of the treasury on the Mth of
June. IS, for an appropriation for a
commission to study the commercial and
Industrial conditions in China and report
as to oportunltiea for and obstacles to
the enlargement of the markets In China
for the raw products and manufactures
of the United States, should receive at
your hands the consideration which its
importance merits, but the congress failed
to take action. 1 now renew this recom
mendation, as the Importance of the sub
ject has steadily grown since It was first
submitted to you. and no time should be
lost In studying for ourselves the re
sources of this great field for American
trade and enterprise.
neighbor, the moat friendly disposition
and ready agreement have marked the
discussion of the numerous matters aris
ing in the vast and intimate intercourse
of the United States with Great Britain.
This government has maintained an atti
tude of neutrality In the unfortunate eon
test between Great Britain and the Boer
states of Africa. Wo have remained
faithful to the precept of avoiding en
tangling alliances as to affairs not of our
own direct concern. Had circumstances
suggested that the parties to the quarrel
would have welcomed any kind expression
of the hope of the American people that
the war might be averted, good office
would have been gladly tendered. The
United States representative at Pretoria
was early Instructed to see that all neutral
Amerteaa interests be respected by the
combatants. This has been an easy task.
In view of the positive declarations of
both British and Boer authorities that the
personal and property rights of our cltl
sens should be observed.
Upon the withdrawn! of the British
agent from Pretoria, the United States
consul was authorised, upon the request
of the British government, and with the
assent of the South African and Orange
Free Stats governments, to exercise the
customary good offices of a neutral for
the care of British interests, la the dis
charge of th's function I sm happy to say
that abundant opportunity has been af
forded to show the impartiality of this
government to both the combatants for
the fourth time in the present decade.
cording to the laws and customs of Sa
moa, of a successor to the late King
Malletoa Taupepa. developed a contest
as to the validity of the result, which
Issue, by the terms of the general act,
was to be decided by the ch'ef Jni.
Upon bis rendering a judgment In favor
of Malletoa Tanus, the rival chief, Mav
taafa. took up arms. Tne kc.i. ... in
vention of American and British warships
became Imperative to restore order, at
the cost of sanguinary encounters. In
this emergency, a joint commission of
representatives of the United States, Ger
many and Great Britain was sent to Sa
moa to investigate the situation snd pro
vide a temporary remeoy. . By its a.-tiv
efforts a peaceful solution was reached
for - the time being, the kingship being
abolished and a provisional government
established. .
Claims have been preferred by white .
residents of Samoa on account of In
juries alleged to have been suffered
through the acts of the treaty govern
ments In putting down the late disturb
ances. A convention has been made be
tween the three powers for the investi
gation and settlement of these claims by
a neutral arbitrator. U which the atten
tion of the senate will be invited.
FREXCH REPIBL1C.
tioa of Minister Merry by the republics of
Nicaragua and Salvador, while Minister
Hunter In turn presented his credentials
to the government of Honduras, thus re
verting to the old distribution of the dip
lomatic agencies of the United States In
Central America, for which our existing
statutes provide. A Nicaragua envoy
has been accredited to the United States.
XICARAGTA CAXAL.
. Great Display to Be Maae at Paris at
j Oar Prosrreaa.
j The death of President Faure In Febru
ary last called forth those sincere ex
pressions of sympathy which befit the re
lations of two republics as closely allied
by unbroken historic ties as are the
United States and France.
Preparations for the representation of
the industries, arts and products of the
United States at the world's exposition,
to be held in Paris next year, continue on
an elaborate and comprehensive scale,
thanks to the generous appropriation pro
vided by congress and to the friendly in
terest the French government has shown
in furthering a typical exhibit of Ameri
can progress.
1 There bss been allotted to the United
States a considerable addition of space.
which, while placing our country In the .
first rank among exhibitors, does not suf- J
lice to meet the Increasingly urgent de-
mands of our manufactures. The efforts
of the commlsitoner-general are ably di
rected toward a strictly representative
display of all that most characteristically
marks American achievements In the in
ventive arts and most adequately shows
the excellence of our natural productions.
I altes States Ballalag.
The United States government build'.ng
Is approaching completion, and no effort
will be spared to make 14 worthy, la
beauty of architectural plan and In com
pleteness of display, to represent our na
tion. It has been suggested that a perma
nent building, of similar or appropriate
design, be erected on a convenient site
already given by the municipality near
the exposition grounds, to serve in com
memoration of the part taken by this
country In this great enterprise, as an
American national Institute for our coan
trymen resorting to Par'. for study.
I am Informed by our commissioner-general
that we shall have In the American
section at Paris over TOO exhibitors, from
every state In our country, a number ten
times as great as those who were repre
sented at Vienna In 1S73. six times as
many as those tn Paris In 1STS, and four
times as many a those who exhibited
In Paris In 1S8!. This statement does not
Include the exhlb.ts from either Cuba.
Puerto Rico or Hawaii, for which ar-
RELATTOSS WITH IT ALT.
Louisiana Lynehlaga and txaeatioas
ABeetlBK Rights of Aliens.
Question has arisen with the govern
ment of Italy in regard to lynching of
Ital'an subjects. The latest of these de
plorable events occurred at Taliulah. La.,
whereby five unfortunates of Italian ori
gin wen taken frota jaQ- and hanged.
The authorities of the state and a repre
sentative of the Italian embassy, having
separately Investigated, the occurrence
with discrepant results, particularly as
to the alleged citizenship of tne victims,
and it not appearing that the state had
been able to discover and punish the vio
lators of the law. an Independent investi
gation baa been set on foot through tha
agency of the department of state and is
still in progress. v The result will enable
the executive to treat tha question with
the government of Italy In a spirit of fair
ness and justice. A satisfactory solu
tion will doubtless be reached.
JAPASESH EXPIRE.
Feeling;
Kvieeaeea of Her Klaely
Toward laitea f Intern.
The treaty of commerce and navigation
between the United 8 tales aad Japan on
November 2s. U&t. took effect In accord
ance with the terms of article xlz on
the ITth of July last, simultaneously with
the enforcement of like treaties with the
other powers, except France, whose con
vention did not go into operation un'il
December 4. the United States being, bow
ever, granted up to that date all the
privileges and rights accorded to French
citlsens under the other French treaty.
By this notable conventional reform.
Japan's position as a fully independent
sovere'gn power Is assured, control being j
gained of taxation, customs revenues, ju
diriai administration, coasting trade and
all other domestic functions of govern
ment, and foreign extra-territorial rights
being renounced. Comprehensive codes of
clv'J and criminal procedure according to
Western methods, public Instruction, pat
ents and copyrights, municipal admin
istration, including jurisdiction over the
former foreign settlements, customs tar
iffs and procedure, public health and
other administrative measures have been
proclaimed. The working of the new sys
tem has given rise to no material com- ;
pUlnts on the part of American citizens
or interests, a circumstance which at
tests the ripe cons deration with which
the change has been prepared. j
the
rangemeats have been made.
GERHAS EXPIRE.
- M a lmn.1 mIImIw ni4 1a tHat '
nt? mnw mvw " .......... y - .
oia. The strong condition of the treasury
-nrKh respect to cash on band, and the fa
warable showing made by the resources,
tan made it posslbie for the secretary of
the treasury to take action under the pro--risiona
of section SfiM of the revised stat
tes relating to the sinking fund. Re
ceipts exceeded expenditures for the first
tie months of the current fiscal year by
S1X41X.4 Si. and. as mentioned above, the
-secretary of the treasury estimates that
Chere will be a surplus of approximately
140,000.000 at the end of the year. t
lesrai Bond Parehaaes. I
tender such conditions. It was deemed ad
visable and proper to resume compliance
writs., the provisions of the sinking-fund
which for eight years has not been
'"feono because of deficiencies in the reve
jwies. The treasury department, therefore,
offered to purchase during November S2.
age, OUS of the ( per cent loan of 104, or
tne 4 "per cent funded loan of Wi. at the
current market price. The amount offered
sua! purchased during November was SU,
4KCNl Tbo premium paid by the govern
aneat on such purchases was X2.263.ta. and
the saving in net Interest was about X2,
$Mk.vn. The success of this operation was
Efficient to induce the government to con
lliiae the offer to purchane bonds to and
Including the 23d day of December, unless
tha remainder of the X2S.000.O00 called for
should be presented In the meantime for
ademption.
THE CTRRESfCT.
ajeoel of Chnnges to Promote Its Elas
ticity. Increased activity In industry, with Its
-welcome attendanta larger employment
for labor at higher wages gives to the
body of the people a larger power to ab
orh the circulating medium. It la fur
ther true that year 4jy year, with larger
areas of land under cultivation, the In
creasing volume of agricultural prod
ucts, cotton, corn snd wheat, calls for a
larger volume of money supply. This Is
- especially notlcable at the crop-harvesting
and crop-moving period. In Its earlier
klstory, the national banking act seemed
to prove a reasonable avenue through
which needful additions to the circulation
- could from time to time be made. Chang
ing conditions have apparently rendered
It now inoperative to that end. The high
margin in bond securities required, re
sulting from large premiums which gov
ernment bonds command In the market,
or the tax on note Issues, or both, oper
ating together, appear to be the influence
which impairs its public utility.
The attention of congress is respectfully
Invited to this Important matter, with
the view of ascertaining whether or not
such reasonable modifications can be made
In the national banking act as will ren
der Its service in the particulars here re
ferred to more responsive to the people's
needs. I again urge that national banks
be authorised to organise with a capl
tmi At tzs ooo.
tatas of the Xegotlatloas for
Inter-Ocean Waterway.
The contract of the Maritime Canal CoasmlosioB t acgestes to Investigate
Comnanv. of Nlcararua. was declared i Foe Piodoeta.
forfeited by the X car rua government
on the 10th of October, on the ground of
nonfulfillment within the 10-year term
stipulated in the contract. The Maritime
Canal Company has lodged a protest
gainst this action, alleging rights In the
premises which appear worthy of con
sideration. This government expects that
Nicaragua will afford the proteatants a
full and fair hearing upon the merits of
the ease.
The Nicaragua canal commission,
which has been engaged upon the work
of examination and survey of a ship canal
route across Nicaragua, having completea
Its labors and made Its report, was dis
solved on May 21, and on June 10 a
new commission, known as the Isthmian
canal commission, was organised under
the terms of the set approved March
2, US9, for the purpose of examining the
American Isthmus with a view to deter
mining the most practicable and feasible
route for a ship canal' across that isth
mus, with Its probable cost and other
essential details. This commission, un
der the presidency of Rear-Admiral John
G. Walker, United States navy (retired),
entered promptly upon the work Intrusted
to it, and is now carrying on examina
tions In Nicaragua along the route of the
Panama canal, and In Darien from the
Atlantic In the neighborhood of the Artrlo
river to the bay of Panama, on the Pa
cific side. Good progress has been made,
but under the law a comprehensive and
complete Investigation Is called for. which
will require much labor and considerable
time for its accomplishment. The work
will be prosecuted as expeditiously as
posslbie, and a report may be expected
at the earliest practicable date. i
The great Importance of this work can
not be too often or too strongly pressed
upon the attention of the congress. In my
message of a year ago I expressed my
views of the necessity of a canal which
would link the two great oceans, to which
I again Invite your consideration. The
reasons then presented for early action
are even stronger now. I
A pleasing Incident In the relations of
this government with that cf Chile oc-
Our relations with Germany continue to
be most cordial. The increasing inti
macy of direct association baa been
marked during the year by the granting
of permission tn April for the land.ng on
our shores of a cable from Boskum Em
den, on the North sea. by way of the
A sores, and also by the conclusion on
September 2 of a parcels post convention
with the German empire. In all that
promises closer relations of Intercourse
and commerce and a better understand ng
between the two races having so many
traits In common, Germany can be as
sured of the most cordial co-operation of
this government and people. We may be
rivals In many material paths, but our
rivalry should be generous and open, ever
aiming toward the attainment of large
results and the most beneficial advance
ment of each In the Una of its especial
adaptability. The several governments
of the empire seem reluctant to admit the
natural excellence of our food products
and to accept the evidence we constantly
tender of the care with which their purity
is guarded by rigid Inspection from the
farm, through the slaughter-house and
the packing establishments to the port of
shipment Our system of control over
exported food stsples Invites examination
from any quarter, and challenges respect
by It efficient thoroughness.
REPUBLIC OF MEXICO.
Mataaily Advaataareoas RelarloBB
Fxtradlrtoa Controversy EadedU
The year has been marked by constant
Increase In the Intimacy of our relations
with Mexico and in the magnitude of
mutually advantageous Interchanges. This
government has omitted no opportunity
to show Its strong desire to develop and
perpetuate the ties of cordiality now
THE WEST ISDIES.
PaetaeaUloa and Csnrawai of Canat
' Pro a rem Maoe.
My annual message of last year was
necessarily devoted In great part to a
consideration of the Spanish war, the re
sults it wrought, and the conditions It im
posed for the future. I am gratified to
announce that the treaty of peace has re
stored friendly relations between the tw .
powers. Effect has been given to Its most
Important provisions. The evacuation of
Puerto Rico having already been accom
plished on the tttb of October. Vift. noth
ing remained necessary there but to con
tinue the provisional military control of ther
Island until the congress should enact a
suitable government for the ceded terri
tory. Of the character and scope of the
measures to that end I shall treat in an
other part of this message.
The withdrawal of the authority of Spain
from the island of Cuba was effected by
the 1st of January, so that the full re-establishment
of peace found the relinquisaedi
territory, held by us tn trust for the in
habitants, maintaining under the direction,
of the executive such government and cm
trot therein as should conserve public or
der, restore the productive conditions of
peace, long disturbed ty the Instability andl
disorder which prevailed for the greater
part of the preceding three decades, andl
build up that tranquil development of tha
domestic state whereby alone can be re
alised the high purpose, as proclaimed,
in the joint resolution adopted by the?
congress oo the tttb of April. 1X3K. by whicra
the United States disclaimed any disposl .
Hon or intention to exercise sovereignty,
jurisdiction or control over Cuba, except
far the pacification thereof, and asserted.
Its determination when that was accom
plished to leave the government and con
trol of the island to its people. Tho-
ptedgn contained in this resolution Is or
the highest honorable obligation and must
be sacredly kept.
I believe that substantial progress has.
been made tn this direction. All the ad
ministrative measures adopted In Cuba,
have aimed to fit it for a regenerated ex
istence by enforcing the supremacy of iaw
and Justice: by placing where It Is practi
cable the machinery of administration la
tha hands of the inhabitants: by institut
ing needed saa tary reforms, by spreaiinar
education, by fostering industry and trade,
by inculcating public morality, and ia
short taking every rational step to aid tho
Cuban people to attain to that plane eT
self-conscious respect and self-reliant
unity which fits an enlightened community
for self-government within Its own sphere,
while enabling it to fulfill all outwardl
obligations.
Obligations to Cnba Sfast Be Kept.
This nation has assumed before ther
world a grave responsibility for the fu
ture good government of Cuba. We have
accepted a trust, the fulfillment of which;
calls for the sternest Integrity of purpose
and the exercise of the highest wisdom.
The new Cuba yet to arise from the ashes,
of the past must needs be bound to cs by
ties of singular intimacy and strength. If
Its enduring welfare Is to be assured.
Whether these ties shall be organic or eon
ventkjaal. the destinies of Cuba are tn
some rightful form and manner irre
vocably linked with our own, but now and:
how far is for the future to determine la
the ripeness of events. W hatever be the
outcome, we must see to it that free Cuba,
be a reality, not a name: a perfect entity,
not a hastv experiment bearing withint
Itself the element of failure. Our mis
sion, to accomplish which we took,
up the gage of battle. Is not
to be fulfilled by turning adrift-any.
loosely framed commonwealth to face the
vicissitudes which too often attend weak
er states, whose natural wealth and abun
dant resources are offsef by the incongrui
ties of their political organisation and the
recurring occasiona for Internal rivalries to
sap their strength and dissipate their en
ergies. The greatest blessing which cars
GREAT BRITAIN AKD CAXADA.
and
against the public gooo. ana snouia b ' curred In the generous assistance given
maae tne sunjeci or promuuory ana even to ,ne war.hlp Newark when in distress
a7 act to proiect trade and commerce i Chilean waters. Not alone In this
aralnst unlawful restraints and monODol es "r has the friendly disposition of Chile
was passed by congress on July 2. 1K0.
The provisions of this statute are compre
hensive and stringent. It declares every
contract or combination In the form of a
trust or otherwise, or conspiracy In the
restraint of trade or commerce between
the several states or foreign nations, to be
unlawful. It denominates as a criminal
every person who makes any such con
tract or engages In any such combination
or conspiracy, and provides punishment
by fine or Imprisonment. It Invests the
found expression. That country has ac
ceded to the convention for the estab-
' Ushment of the bureau of American re-
publics. In which organisation every Inde
' pendent state of the continent now shares.
The exchange of ratifications of a con
j ventlon for the revival of the Uplted
: States and Chilean claims commission.
' and for the adjudication of the claims
heretofore presented but not determined
j during the life of the previous commis
sion, has been delayed by reason of the
Alaska Boaaaary Coatentioa
Other I'Bsettlea Qaeatloaa.
In my last annual message. I referred to
the pending negotiations with Great Brit
ain In respect to the Dominion of Canada.
By means of an executive agreement, a
joint high commission had tteen created
for the purpose of adjusting all unsettled
questions between the United States and
Canada, embracing 12 subjects, among
which were the questions of the fur seals,
the fisheries of the coast and contiguous
inland waters, the Alaska boundary, the
transit of merchandise In bond, the alien
j laDor lavs. mining ngnis, rv-cifrmny n
trade, revision of the agreement respect
, ing naval vessels In the Great Lakes, a
more complete marking of parts of the
boundary, provision for the conveyance of
criminals, and for wrecking and salvage.
Much progress had been made by the
commission toward the adjustment of
many of these questions, when It became
apparent that an Irreconcllnble difference
of views was entertained respecting the
delimitation of tha Alaska boundary. In
the failure of an agreement to the mean
ing of articles 111 and Iv of the treaty of
1K2S between Russia and Great Britain,
which defined the boundary between Alas
ka and Canada, the American commission
ers proposed that the subject of the
boundary be laid aside, and that the re-
long happily unbroken. Followlne- the
termination on January SOL 1X58. by Mext- . ..k. . r.,tu or K.r
co. of the extradition treaty of Decern- rtcuuural and Industrial prosperity, whka
ber 11. 191. a new treaty, more In accord- will r, employment to Idle men andl
ance with the ascertained needs of both ro-estabUsh the pursuits of peace. This la.
countries, was signed February S. 1899, Ber chwt ana immediate need. On the
and exchanged In the City of Mexico on : 19h of ta,t Auru,t order was made for
the 2M of April last. Its operation thus I (h, tMng of lhe census In the Island. to
lar nsi ocen caecuvo nna linnciorj.
A recent rase has served to test the ap
plication of Its fourth article, which pro
vides that neither party shall be bound
to deliver up Its own cltlsens, but that
the executive authority of each shall have
the power to deliver them up if, in Its dis
cretion. It be deemed proper to do so.
be completed on the 20th of November.
Oar Markets te Re Opea to Cafca.
Under the terms of the treaty of peace,
the Spanish people on the Island have until
April U. 1900. to elect whether they will
remain cltlsens of Spain or become citl
sens of Cubs, Until then it cannot be den-
The extradition of Mrs. Mattte Rich, a 1 nitely ascertained as to who shall par.lci-
cltisen of the United States charged with
homicide committed In Mexico, was, af
ter mature consideration, directed by me.
In the conviction that the ends of justice
would be thereby subserved. Similar
t ctlon. on appropriate occasion, by the
Mexican executive will not only tend to
accomplish the desire of -both govern
ments that grave crimes go not unpun
ished, but also to repress lawlessness
along the border of the two countries.
The new treaty stipulates that neither
government shall assume jurisdiction in
the punishment of crimes committed ex
clusively within the territory of the other.
This will obviate In future the embarrass
ing controversies which have heretofore
arisen through Mexico's assertion of a
claim to try and punish an American clt
Uen for an offense committed within the
jurisdiction of the United States.
RUSSIA EMPIRE.
Ready
pate In the format.on of Cuba. By that
time the results of the census will have
been tabulated, and we shall proceed with,
the elections, which will deliver the mu
nicipal governments of the Island to the of
ficers elected by the people. The experi
ence thus acquired will prove of great
value In the formation of a representative
convention of the people to draft a con
stitution and a general scheme of inde
pendent government for the Island. In the
meantime, and so long as we control the
island, the products of Cuba should have
a market In the United States on as good
terms and with as favorable rates of duty
as are given to the West Indian Islands
under treaties of reciprocity which may be
made. For tho relief of the distressed In
the Island of Cuba, the war department
Issued- supplies to destitute persons through
the officers of the army, which have
amounted to a.492.000 rations at a cost of
Sl.417.664 97.
To promote the disarmament of the Cu
ban volunteer army, and tn the Interest
of public peace and the welfare of the
people, the sura of ITS was paid to each,
Cuban soldier borne upon tne autnenu-
CeaoeBt to sannalt Claims te
Single Arbitrator.
Claims growing out of the leisure of
American neallnr vessels In Behrlna- sea
have been under discussion with the gov- I cated rolls, on condition that he should
eminent of Russia for several years, with j deposit his arms with the authorities
the recent result of an agreement to sub- ' designated by the United States. The
mlt them to the decision of a single ar- 1 sum thus disbursed aggregated X2.3T4.r9.
bltrator. By this act Russia affords proof j which was paid from the emergency fund
of her adherence to the beneficent prin- provided by the act of January 25. ISIS,
clple of arbitration, which her plenlpo- ! for that purpose. Out of the Cuban
tsntlary conspicuously favored at The ; island revenues during the six months
Harue disarmament congress, when It I ended June SO. 1JW. X1.T12.014 was ex-
was advocated by the representatives of pended for sanitation, X2M.SS1 TO for char-
several circuit courts of the United States necessity for fresh action by the Chilean ( malnlng questions of difference be pro
with Jurisdiction to prevent and restrain ' senate upon the amendments attached to ceeded with, some of which were so far
violations of the act, and makes It the ' the ratification of the treaty by the aavancea as to assure tne prooaouuy oi a
duty of the several United States district United States senate. This formality Is settlement. This being declined by the
attorneys under the direction of the attor- soon to be accomplished. i British commissioners, an adjournment
the United States.
A suggestion for a permnnent exposition
of our products and manufactures In Rus
sia, although not yet fully shaped, has
been so cordially welcomed by the Im
perial government that It may not in
aptly take a fitting place In whatever
legislation the congress may adopt look
ing to enlargement of our commercial op
portunities abroad.
SAMOA AFFAIRS.
Advantage te Aeerae Froas Reeeat
Partition of the lalaada.
Important events have occurred In
the Bemoan Islands. The election, se
ttles and hospitals, and XsS.Hi 03 for aid
to the destitute.
Relations Resumed With Spala.
Following the exchange of ratifications
of the treaty of peace, the two govern
ments accredited ministers to each other.
Spain sending to Washington the Duke
of Arcos, an eminent diplomatist, previ
ously stationed in Mexico, while the
United States transferred to Madrid tba
Hon. Bellamy Storer. Its minister at
Brussels. This was followed by the re
spective appointment of consuls, thereby
fully resuming the relations Interrupted
by the war. In addition to Its consular
representation In the United States, the