....MARCH S, 167S.
xotick.
Aj?. rt will please take notice tfaat It U a
treat tax upon as to pay express charges upon
ma' 1 tarns, and they wMl confer a great tow
ty remltUnK to a through moaejr orders or
registered letters.
"THE NEW CONSTITUTION."
Our neighbors "over the line" are
very busily engaged just now in plan
ning for their admission into the Union
as the sovereign State of Washington.
There are, among those who are agitat
ing this measure, a few man's rights
fossils, one of whom, under a cloak of
piety as tbin as It is flimsy, effervesces
on the suffrage question in the Van
couver Independent, as follows :
"He (the pauper) ought not to be put
down along with Idiots aud iueano peo
ple, for what if a man is poor aud out of
luek? In this free country poverty Is
no crime. In this new country
we oan't well afford to disfranchise any
white male citizens, although they be
poor as Job's turkey." Then, by way of
exhibiting his inconsistency, this brave
defender of paupers' rights in a "free"
oouutry says he does not tblnk "the
good people of Washington Territory
will allow eo hurtful a measure as
Woman Suffrage to be put in their con
stitution." The reason be gives for its
"hurtfulneee" being the hackneyed one
that "the Creator never designed wom
an should occupy the same sphere with
men." Now, although this vapid nou
seiiee has been over and over again dis
pelled before the breath of logic, wc will
stoop to argue yet a little longer with
the self-appointed arbiters of woman's
sphere, wbo believe the Creator canuot
manage the creatures of the purer sex
uuless the manacles of men's political
power be upon them. If God never de
signed men and women for the same
sphere, why did he put husbands, wives,
brothers, aud sisters in tbesame family?
Iid he not create men "male and fe
male," giving to litem, and not to her,
dominion over all the earth t
The writer further informs us that
women must be put down with idiotsaud
insane persons because they are "differ
ently organised from men." This start
ling announcement sounds strangely
familiar, but it proves nothing, except
the necessity that thlsdifierent element
should not be put down, but compose
one-half of the body politic, iu order to
complete a perfect whole, as in the
home, and in society.
The pauperhasadifTerentspbere from
the farmer, but our writer thinks it
would be unfair to disfranchise him for
simply being "out of luck." Yet he
sees no injustice in disfranchising wom
an for being, in his eyes, "out of luck"
also. Poverty Is no political crime, but,
according to bis logic, sex is a very
heinous one, if it happens to belong to
the feminine order. "A woman's life,"
he tells us, "should be devoted to home
duties and the care of obildren, and not
to the affairs of government."
The thousands of mothers of men wbo
have devoted their lives to the rearing
of large families to rise up and bless
them In their present strike for liberty
need not to be reminded that rearing
men Is woman's work. But how are
women to be "keepers at home" uuless
tltey have homes to keep? How many
women does this same writer supply
with homes, so they may have no ueed
of other employment than keepiug
tbem?
He also takes a decided stand against
taxing the churches, saying, "taxing
tbem, if not like killing the goose that
lays the golden egg, is at least like
starving them very much." Now, we
should like to hear from him about tax
ing women, whom be denies the right
to vote. Would he be as consistent
with tbem as be is liberal with the pau
per who has no taxes to pay ? He says
that "woman has doue a noble work for
the whole race iu her God-appoluted
sphere." We presume no sensible per
son will deny this, nor that It redounds
to her glory that she has so doue, but
we submit the declaration that her
man-appointed sphere has not been a
soeees, nor never will be, so long as
there is a "political rabble" to make
laws for her to obey, which she is taxed
without representation to sustain.
Woman does not believe In "political
rabbles," ami one of her very first acts
as a voter will be to disperse them by
the very charm of her presence at the I
polls, as she now does at the church, the
post oftiee, the lecture-room, and In the
home. Mau's opinion to the contrary
notwithstanding, we must reiterate the
oft-repeated declaration that the Cre
ator made no mistake when he saw aud
said that "it was uot good for man to
be alone." Aud if the new constitution
of Washington shall be in harmony
with God's law, we may depend upon It
tue women will be enfranchised in
preference to the paupers whom they
are taxed to support.
Godey's Ixidy's Jiook for March Is on
our table, it is a magnificent number,
fully up to the many score that have
preceded It. am superior in some re
spects to all of tbem. The mantle of L.
A. Godey and Sarah Joseph Hae UQS
fallen gracefully upon the shoulders of
the present publishers. F.r them to
sustain the high reputatiun of the
world-renowned Ladyt Book U itself
a glory worth striving for.
Dr. J. W. Watts Is out iu a card in the
Statesman, signed "Yamhill," as a can
didate for governor. We heard of his
spending a whole dollar for a newspaper
subscription the other day In Portland,
and this explains It. Candidates are
apt to be liberal.
A terrific tornado, attended by lot of
HIV, twei.t through Casjey county, Ken-
tueky, Saturday, March 2d, doing fright-
ful damage in that neighborhood. 4
FRIDAY..
AN HOUE WITH CORRESPONDENTS.
A. B. Phelps, the bachelor farmer,
philosopher, and poet, from whose effu
sions we published some brief extracts
a short time since, again favors us, this
time with two poems, from one of
which we abridge the following
-ivaout nve years ago yot: may re
member my bringing to your notice the
death, by scalding, of a little child of
Mrs. Grabel, living near Portland. On
Monday, the 11th ulu, the bereaved
mother laid another littlo girl victim
of typhoid fever In a grave beside her.
I would not think of burdening the
NkwNoktiiwkst with mourning lines,
but as I had brought the other little girl
to your notice, I thought I would at
tempt it with this one. The last sad
rites were unavoidably performed In a
pouring rain, though the sun came ou
gloriously at the conclusion of the cere
monies, fit typo of the life to come.
Wrapped In the doom of dire despair.
With very heart and brain laid hare,
A mother cries, in accents wild,
O, Death, ctve back my darling child.
His icy clutch 1 on her brow !
O, Qod of mercy, where art thou ?
On one wbo died this burden throw.
For cross or Christ soothes deepest wot .'
" Pond mother, from thy deep distress
Then shall arise, and lire, to bless
And recognise, as sweet caress.
This blow that seams so merciless;
And thankfully, in accents mltd.
Wilt say to God. Thoa hast my child.'
- r nspotted by the stains of earth.
As pure at death as at her birth.
Escaping from a darker doom.
Spared from the ills for ns to nine,
The spirit child to heaven has flown.
To vie with angels ronnd the throne.
" Though limited her earthly span.
It best accords with heavenly plan
That she should thy forerunner be,
Through realms of God's Immensity.
And though, as child, she left your arms,
You'll Hud her grown, with added charms,
"Wrought out In higher, wider spheres,
To pay with smiles the old-time tears.
" And lo! beside you, ministering there.
His form transformed to angel's fair.
The Man of Sorrows he, the Christ,
Of sinful man apologist.
There is a oneness In tba skies
Before which separation dies.
And sweet the thought that time nor age
Can mar our youthful heritage.
" To friendship's altar I have brought
These lines as tribute, all unsought.
And feel that they are not unblest
In closing with the name of Christ.'
Generally these tributes to the de
parted are of little value to any but the
persons for whom they are intended
and it is usually considered in better
taste to present them to the mourners,
who are directly Interested in the au
thor's manuscript, than to publish; but
the above is just now so applicable In
hundreds of bereaved homes where this
paper goes, and where the scourge of
typhoid and diphtheria has been, that
we have no doubt but that it will have
many appreciative readers. The other
poem will be considered next week.
The discussion awakened by the pub
lication of "Au Anonymous Opinion" a
few weeks ago has created so much iu
terest among the legal fraternity that
the sensible lawyers are all destined to
come over very soon to the fullest con
eeption of the principles of Individual
liberty if the work goes on. By the
way, we wish the lawyers were not too
timid to allow us to publish their real
names:
"Dear Madam: I have read, witli
much interest the three consecutive
communications in your valuable paper
relative to the property rights of wom
en, and I must say that the lady wbo
had the last hearing has the best of the
argument. I am almost afraid, In view
of the lampooning you administered
over the sbrinkiug shoulders of your
last legal critic, to venture an adverse
opinion to anything you may choose to
utter; but as you mercifully veil our
names under the cloak of obscurity,
thereby shielding us from the derision
of those more fortunate and less brave,
who have not dared to advise you, I will
venture to say that, while I recognize
the need of the freest and fullest indl
viduality of woman in all things, I do
not regard the ballot as worth anything
at all approximate to the exertions you
are making lo secure it. I cannot see
that the men of America, I mean the
masses of them, are any better off with
the ballot thau they would be without
it; and if they choose to withhold it
from womau, what of it? She can sway
them better without than with it. And,
I think, if you will stand a while on the
street corners, and watch the crowds go
by, on a bright afternoon, you cannot
help noting the fact that for every well-
dressed man you may see at least five
well-dressed women. Now, it the bal
lot would do so muoh to ameliorate the
financial condition of woman, why has
it not done more to better the fiuancial
condition of men? You will pardon
me, but I thiuk that by laying so much
stress upon the ballot and its benefits,
you only weaken your argument,"
We do wonder if we're such a mortal
terror to evil-doers as so many of tbem
pretend? We looked Inthemirrorafter
reading the above efluslon, and found,
Instead of the fierce-looking virago we
more than half expected to encounter, a
remarkably mild-mannered aud good
looking individual, who returned our
inquiring gaze with a smile that was
child-like and bland. But to the argu
ment. Our friend, with the usual In
consistency of the advocates of man's
rights, professes his belief in the princi
ples we advocate, but denies us the only
means of securing tbem. He is like the
politician In our late "unpleasantness,"
who was "in favor of the Union, but op
posed to the war." If, by some species
of political ledgerdemain uot necessary
to Indicate, he should find himself dis
franchised, his belief in the power and
benefit of the ballot would undergo an
instantaneous revolution. Theold fable
of the farmer, the ox, aud the lawyer is
respectfully recalled for his considera
tion. He says women can sway men
better without the ballot than with it.
We sincerely demand the proof. The
welt-dressed women on thn mr.i r
bricbt afternoon .lo nt i. .,
portray the seoret struggles of their
lives. Servant girls, on a salary of
twelve dollars per month, can dress as
well as the Collector of the Port. Dress
isn't all one needs to make them Inde
pendent, else the courtesan would be
more blest than the millionaire. If
men witli the ballot cannot do as well
for themselves in the matter of appear
ances as women can without it, so much
the worse for the men, and so much the
more need of the ballot for womau, that
she may assist them. "If they choose
to withhold the ballot, what of it?"
Indeed, what right have they to with
hold it? Who gave it into their bauds,
aud by what usurpation of power do
they claim for themselves the exclusive
monopoly of a prerogative which Ihey
declare to be not worth the having?
But again the space allotted to this
department Is full. Other letters will
be answered next week. Send them ou,
friends.
RADIOALLEOTURE.
Mrs. Iake, who has been lecturing
frequently in this city during the winter,
delivered her closing address iu Good
Templars' Hall last Wednesday even
ing to a fair audieuce, subject, "Tile
Liberty of Man, Womau, and Child."
She is the most radical of the radical in
expressing herself upon the social issues
of the day, and has a few outspoken fol
lowers in this city. While there is no
doubt in the miud of any analytical
thinker but that motherhood should
rule iu all that pertains to the sexual
relations, since woman only must bear
Its burdeus, and upon her, almost alone,
must rest the foundation of human des
tiny, we cannot agree with her implied
idea that man should not be bound by
law to protect and provide for his oil
spring, and their mother, even if he has
to lie made to do it at the end of a chain
gang. We recall, at this writing, more
than one overworked mother of a little
band of helpless ones, whose husband
and father has chosen to obey the free
dom of the "higher law," and left them
to their fate, while ho followed his "af
finity," who was too unscrupulous to
beartbe fruit of her new alliance, and
thereby cheated the "child" the speaker
tells us or out of its "liberty" of life and
physical growth on the earth plane.
We admire the talent and bravery of
Mrs. Lake. She is an able, honest ap
pearing womau, grandly eloquent at
times, and even fool-hurdy iu her dar
ing, but the "liberty" she strikes for
would bring only suffering and anarchy
to the mothers whom man's changing
fancies would cause to abandon their
wives and children for newer attractions.
Let woman seek, first of all, political
emancipation; then, in time, will come
financial independence, and after this
the control of her person. Then, and
uot till thon, can wc expect liberty for
man, woman, aud child upon a basis
where each will be bound to respect and
honor the individual rights of all. We
agree with Mrs. Lake that men and
women have the right to think right,
and the right to thiuk wrong. Evil is
naught but undeveloped good, and the
doctrine of total depravity is a delusion
and a snare. But we also believe in the
mission of the churches, aud recognize
In them, as in all else we meet, whether
of good or evil, au outgrowth of human
ity's needs, from which, in time, is to be
evolved the emancipation of the race
from the thralldom of political, social,
and religious bigotry. As an elocution
ist few can surpass Mrs. Lake. She can
make a common-placo poem strike
you grandly, by bringing beauties
to the light which before had beeu
hidden. Let her go on. Let her shake
up the dry bones of fossilized thought
aud waken the people to agitation
This, evidently. Is her mission. Mean
while, be it ours to patiently hew away
at the foundation silt of human liberty,
that the creations of her soaring fancy
may In time have a resting-place ujton
the rock of enduring ages.
THEUSUBPEEr
A blatant foreigner, of excessive lit
erary pretensions, who cannot speak one
word of intelligible English, was intro
duced by a gentleman to a representa
live of the Xkw NoimiWESTa few days
since, and upon learning that the papor
advocated woman's enfranchisement.
he Hew into a rage and spluttered his
objections and anathemas agaiust the
rights of American women to a voice in
the laws made by the aristocracy of sex
iu a most ridiculous aud Insulting man
ner. Without the remotest idea of what
constitutes liberty and justice in Amen
lea, be places the ruthless heel of his
despotic Ignorance upon the necks of
the thousands of women who teach the
science of government to the rising gen
eration of American voters, ami they
can only protest agaiust such usurpation
of power in vain. To compel the cu
lightened women of this so-called Re
public to bow the neck to the usurping
power of the8cumof European dynas
ties is only one of the many ludignities
to which the wives of American voters
are constantly compelled to submit.
The voter, white or colored, who does
not scorn such dire usurpation of powor
and privilege, and do all In his might
to overthrow it, deserves personal dis
franchisement. Wotnan'8 Words, published monthly
in Philadelphia by Mrs. Juau Lewis,
has come out as radically in Its demand
for the ballot for woman as the New
KoitTinvEST has ever beeu. The March
number contains a portrait aud sketch
of the life work of Sarah Andrews Spen
cer, which every lady in the land should
possess. Woman's Words Is full to ths
brim of excellent reading matter. The
February number closes an admirable
serial entitled "True to Her," by Col.
Lewis, which has met with such success
as to induce the publication of another
which will Immediately follow. "Link
by Link" promises equally well with
the former story. Address, with $1 00,
Mrs. Juan Lewis, 025 Walnut street.
The discussion of the future state of
the wicked Is the burulnc ouestlon of
the hour.
"YOURS TRULY" ON DRESS AND
DRUDGERY, AND SO I0RTH.
The other day, as Yours Truly was
busily engaged iu repainting the pots
and pans for her numerous house plants,
preparatory to spring house cleaning,
Jim came home from the post ofilce,
bringing a package of newspapers,
which came near going uuread and un
noticed under the new rag carpet in the
governor's room; for be It known, Mrs.
D., Yours Truly has been chief cook and
servant of everybody at Hill Center
Grange duriug the past fortnight, or
ever sluce A. C. Edmunds was out in
this region organizing a greenback aud
anti-Chinese party.
"This is a white man's government,
and I'll have uo Chinamen around these
premises, cheating white folks out of
their honest dues," said the governor.
And to appease his patriotic soul, the
demand for Ah Guti's removal was met
with a show of meek approval by my
husband, Jim. But just how the dis
missal of the heathen in question was to
assist the impecunious white men who
would rather lie iu jail than do Ah
Gun's work is a mystery to be solved by
abler politicians than Yours Truly.
As might have beeu expected, the en
tire labor hitherto performed by our
Mongolian lias fallen from his shoulders
upcm the not over able ones of the un
dersigned, who was finishing up a day9
work of the roughest possible descrip
tion by the job of palming above men
tioned, when her eye full upon one of
the numerous "pateut outsldes" in the
newspapers that Jim had tumbled in a
heap on the floor beside her.
Yours Truly, than whom a naturally
more dainty and dressy girl of the
period could not have been found a year
ago, aud who loves good clothes as well
now as she ever did, was arrayed at the
time alluded to in a wrapper very much
the worse for both wear aud dirt. Who
ever saw a house painter In nice, clean,
and Inviting apparel? Did any one
ever bchoIJ a chimney sweep, boot
black, lauudryman, carpet cleaner, or
hod-carrier iu tidy array during the
closing hours of a long day's work?
But here's what that paper said, and
surely Jim laid it beside Yours Truly,
right side up, on purpose to draw her
attcutlon to It as if by accident. There's
no sort of cuuuingor conulvauceat any
thing ever known among the men, bow
ever: "It is too true that ladies are apt to
fall Into the habit of neglecting home
attire," said that patent outside, while
Yours Truly shrugged her shoulders and
read on. "Consideration of their own
pleasure, as well as for those around
them, ought to prompt them to be al
ways neatly dressed."
Yours Truly got mad! Of course
angry would be the bettor word, or in
dignant the best, because most digni
fied, but itf Is the only term that will
express it. "Always neatly dressed,"
indeed! Why, Mrs. D., but pshaw!
What's the use of talking? Does any
one suppose the wives and daughters of
the political patriots who arc dismissing
the Chinamen "to keep the mouey iu
the country" for laboriug (?) meu are
making badly-dressed drudges of them
selves for funt
"Jim, eo here," said Yours Truly,
pointing with her soiled finger to a sen
tence which ran like this, "I do not be
lieve that there Is one man iu a thous
and so lacking in observation that the
dress of his wife, whether tidy or oppo
site, escapes his notice." "Is that true,
Jim ?"
"Of eourse it is!"
Aud then you ought to have seen that
lofty look of wounded superiority,
Mrs. D.
"Aud do you liko me belter in clean
calico, with white neck-tie aud linen
collar, and nlcely-arrauged hair and
white apron, than you do as I now am?"
"Certainly!"
And then, Mrs. D., you should have
seen that other lofty look.
"Then, Jim, see here ! I care more for
your love than for everything else In
the wide, wide world."
Jim looked the very picture of self
important pomposity now.
"I care for your love, not for your
own sake, wholly, for I'm no angel, but
because your love makes me happy, and
I'm selfish enough to want to be both
comfortable and happy. I am not com
fortable in these shabby habiliments,
becauso they are no more natural to mo
than they would be to a canary bird.
But f cannot do a Chinaman's roughest
work In tidy clothing any more than
you could keep yourself neat when dig
ging ditches provided you dug them,
which you haven't undertaken yet,
though you had fifty Chinamen at work
for a whole month ditching the beaver
dam farm. But that was before you
and the governor wanted Dick to run
for office."
"Well?"
"I'm not a patriot, Jim Johnson 1"
There ! Mrs. D., Yours Truly did not
mean to enlighten your readers with
Jim's surname, but you have it, so let
It go.
I'm not a patriot. I can't hold ofilce,
aud I've no Interest in a country that
denies me a voice in making its laws;
aud I'm going to have my Chinaman
back In the kitchen if Dick never gets
his clutches ou the public crib while
life lasts! I want to bo comfortable and
happy. I want you to love me, because
your love makes me couteuted. Your
Indifference drives me distracted. Of
what avail is your love to me if you
never express It? And In what plight
am I to charm you if I must work from
dawn till darkest night at everything
dirty aud disagreeable, while yoa ride
over the farm with your boots blacked,
and give orders with your gloves on ?
Try my work for a week, Jim Jobuson !
But I might as well tell you tolly to
the moon, or make tatting. You wouldn't
do the work in a week about this bouse
that I have had to do this very day."
Jim was astonished aud confounded,
the dear fellow. We'd been married a
year, aud he'd always been so good to
assist me when we had a Chinaman,
and so thoughtful about everything till
he became so excited over the working
men's party that he fancied himself
faultless.
"I mean what I say, Jim Johnson.
And to prove to you that I'm In earnest,
I will leave the supper you are waiting
for to take care of Itself so I can have
the opportunity to appear at table neatly
drested."
Yours Truly was good as her word. In
half an hour she sauntered Into tho dining-room,
her hair frizzed and adorned
with a tea rose, and her neat calico dress
and dimity apron set oil with delicate
pink and blue rlbbous. Jim, the dar
ling, was red as a boiled lobster; but
supper was ready, and he gave her a
look of proud satisfaction as she dropped
into her accustomed seat at the head of
the table, which look vastly enhanced
the happiness of Youns Truly.
P. S. We have the Chinaman back
uow. He cooks aud churns aud washes
and scrubs and washes dishes, and
Yours Truly is doing up any amount of
spring sewing and light housework, in
which shecau keep herself always neatly
drcttcd. The governor has quit the
working men and returned to Democ
racy. Jim vows he'll voto the Republi
can ticket, and Dick don't know what
to do. Certe he won't work; butwhere's
the "working man" that will?
EOREIGN NEWS.
A special dated at Constantinople an
nounces the arrival of ex-President
Grant.
A special Vienna dispatch asserts that
two divisious of Austrlaus will enter
Bosnia in about ten days.
Layard, the British minister at Con
stantinople, gave a soiree at that place
recently In honor of General Grant.
Yellow fever agalu prevails at Rio
Janeiro. Deaths from the disease the
first two weeks of February number
forty-five.
The Governor of the Dardanelles has
been ordered to allow no more men-of-war
of any description to enter the Sea
of Marmora.
It is stated that the Russians will be
gin to leave Roumelia immediately,
some embarkiug at Pera, and others at
San Stefano.
The work of removing obstructions
from the Danube has commenced. It
is expected the river will be open to
navigation in a fortnight.
A Vienna dispatch says that the will
iuguess of Russia to grant concessions
to Austria arises from the fact that the
princes of Roumania aud Servia have
resolved to accept Austria's protection,
if it Is obtainable.
The typhus islucreaslngrapidlyamong
the Russians in Roumania. All the
Roumauian railway carriages aro in
fected. It is absolutely necessary for
the army In Turkey to return by sea,
and not through Rouinauia.
A Constantinople dispatch of March
3d says: "The treaty of peace has been
sigued. Grand Duke Nicholas announced
the fact to the soldiers at the review at
San Stefano to-day. Russia has aban
doned her claim on the Egyptian aud
Bulgarian tributes."
A Constantinople dispatch of March
5th says: "Forelgu ambasadors have
not yet received the text of the treaty.
They are not certain whether it Is defin
itive. It is understood, however, that
the exchange of ratifications withiu a
forlulgbt is obligatory."
St. Petersburg and Pera correspond
ents confirm the report that the treaty
has been signed. At St. Petersburg the
enthusiasm over the news was almost
unprecedented. There was an immense
crowd before the palace shouting and
singing, "God save the Czor." The
Pera correspondent says that the treaty
of peace was signed Saturday.
Intelligence comes from San Stefano
that General Ignatlell aud the special
Turkish ambassador were to leave for
St. Petersburg Immediately after the
signiug of the preliminaries of peace.
It Is thought that a special ambassador
will convey the Sultan's desire for the
restoration of diplomatic relations, or
be charged to conduct negotiations for
drafting a definitive treaty, prelimin
aries only huviug so far been signed.
A Pera correspondent writes : "By
giving up the hostile European prov
iuces, at the same time receiving tribute
from them, or saddling them with a
portion of the national debt, and con
centrating Mussulmaus In the territory
contiguous to Constantinople, aud mak
ing the concentration required by terri
torial concessions in Asia Minor, the
Turks will create a new Ottoman power
ten times stronger than when it was
spread over a vast, badly organized, aud
hostile territory."
The Austrian newspapers are dissatis
fied with the peace conditions, as far as
they are known. They express the opin
iou that the most difficult phase of the
crisis is yet to be passed. They say no
body wishes to disturb the great result
of the war, the liberation of the Chris
tians, but while the demands calculated
to lead to a conflict with England have
been dropped by Russia, a similar con
sideration has not been shown for Aus
tria. It is stated Count Andrassy will
make a full exposition of his policy to
the delegations, which will probably
meet.
A couple were married in Portland
last week who had to borrow clothes for
the bridegroom for the occasion. The
girt has plenty of clothes while they
last but, now that she has engaged
herself as a life-long servant to the
groom, without wages, where the next
are to come from is a conundrum.
A girl came to Walla Walla by stag.
'"c -liusfc to oe marriml
In I
Granuer. but-in ... , .
charces lor frpIM,ftn i . uo,,ara
KeUon and US ber b? S hom
ken In wnmn Brl00ra-,-be w long
money enoU 'h"L tTU8e Le hadn,t
money enough to get her out of "soak." '
EQUALITY 0F0ITIZENSHIP.
NCMHKK TWO.
To the Editor or thb New Northwest:
Before proceediug further, I will just
snv thai there are two kinds of free
government, democratic aud republican
A democratic is n free government, in
which the people exercise the sovereign
power in mass, each individual panic!
pating in all public affairs. A republi
can Is a representative government
wherein the people, by virtue of inher
ent right, possessing the supreme power,
delegate a portion of that power to rep
resentatives of their own choosing.
These representatives, as such, do not
possess supreme power; the power they
possess is delegated to them by the peo
ple, aud to the people they must give
account. They are, so to speak, servants
of the people, executing their will; and
cannot transcend their delegated powers
without becoming usurpers, when the
government would uo longer be a free
government, but a despotism. I have
made this digression for the benefit of
those who do uot fully understand the
machinery of the United States govern
ment, aud will uow return to our sub
ject.
Tills government, as I have said, was
formed by a free and independent peo
ple, with no more concessions of natural
rights on the part of one individual
thau ou that of another, and no more
on the part of all combined thau was
necessary for thebettersecurityof those
that were reserved. And, as it is neces
sary to adopt some plan by which the
will of the sovereign people might be
known and executed with the least pos
sible trouble, and with the greatest se
curity to their rights, it was decided to
adopt a Federal Constitution, uniting
the people of all the States into one na
tlon for all national purposes, the same
as a State Constitution unites the peo
ple of one State for municipal purposes;
the one being a declaration of the sov
ereign will of all the people of the United
States, and the other of that portion of
the same people constituting one State.
This Constitution being the written will
of the sovereign people, In relation to
the forms and powers of government,
proceeding from them in tbeir supreme
capacity, can be changed, amended, or
abolished only by them, while to their
representatives it is a supreme and in
violable law, for this reason : Neither
Congress nor auy of the States, not even
the Supreme Court of the United States,
can go beyond the powers delegated to
them by this Constitution. We have
now shown you how and why this Con
stitutlon was made. You can easily see
that it was not from the necessities nor
for the benefit of a part of the people
(the men), but from the necessities and
for the benefit of all the people of the
United States, both male and female.
We have also seen that in forming the
government, and iu the drawing up of
the Constitution, great care was taken
to secure to off the people the greatest
amount of liberty compatible with a
civil government. That you may know
that we do not state the case too strongly,
we will refer you to Walker's American
Law, part 2d, lecture 5th, "On the re
lations of the States." He says: "The
Federal government (the word federal
signifies mutual agreement) is uot a
league of the State governments, but
emanates from and expresses the sover
eign will of all the people of the United
States in their original and supreme ca
pacity." So, also, Judge Story, of the
Supreme Court, in rendering a decision
before the court, says: "The Constitu
tion of the United States was ordained
and established, uot by the States In
their sovereign capacities, but emphati
cally as the preamble to the Constitu
tion declares; by the people of the
United States." We will refer you to
but one more authority ou this point,
aud that is the Constitution itself. It
declares its origin iu these words: "We,
the people of the United States, do or
dain and establish this Constitution."
Thus you see that the government was
established by the people, for the people.
Now, as governments have uothing to
do with persons except in the capacity of
citizens, we will ask, 1st, Does the
Constitution of the Uuited States require
that the citizen shall be of the mascu
line gender? 2d, What right has a citi
zen to a voice in the government? 3d,
ny are the constitutional rights of
each citizen equal? I thiuk I have an
swered the last two questions fully. It
only remains for me to show you that
the term citizen embraces both sexes.
We will assume, and without fear of
coutraditlon, that at the time of the for
mation of our government, the people
of our country were, as now, composed
of men aud women, and that prior to
the adoption of the Constitution were
all alike possessed of the same natural
rights. In examining the Constitution
we con find no clause where woman
yielded up auy more of her natural
rights than man did of his; neither can
we find where It says that man shall be
possessed of certain rights, from which
woman is to be excluded. There is no
distinction made betweeu the sexes.
Indeed, woman no more than man is
spoken of iu any other capacity thau
that of citizen, for the reuson that I be
fore stated, that a free government has
only to do witli its subjects as oitizens.
No sex is, therefore, recognized iu the
word citizen ; it embraces troth. If the
word citizen signified only the mascu
line portion of our people, where would
be the use of our Slate Constitutions r.
striding the right of suffrage to their
male citizens. Neither would It be
proper ior tue Constitution 0f the United
States to read, "We, the people," but,
"We, the men." If there were uo fe
male citizens, there would be no neces
sity for the phrase, "male citizen." Th
I very phrase, "male citizen," conveys to
e
our minus the idea that there are also
.....!- - . .
citizens, it is plain, then, mat
"le term citizen includes both sexes.
If these premises and conclusions
which I have laid before you are cor-
recl' aud n one can S1"9 them-then
the clause coutalced In the 2d section
of article -itb, of the Constitution of the
United States, that "The eltiseneof each
State shall be entitled to all th privi
leges and immunities of citizen of the
several States" applies to all citizens
alike, both male and female. There 0U
be no question, then, but that, from, toe
very nature of our government, aud
from the origiual constitution, inde
pendent of the amendments, both men
and women are alike included in the
word citizen. Had there never been a
Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendment
to the Constitution, woman, equally
with man, would be entitled to a voice
in the government. In other words,
she would have a right to vote.
MaryX)lney Bkowx.
WORK FOR EVERYBODY.
Circulate petitions for a 16th Amend
ment, to enfranchise the women, not 0
one State alone, but of all the States
and Territories. Woman's right to a
voice in the government under which
site lives is a natural right, aud must be
guaranteed to her by the Federal Con
stitution. Now is our time to knock at
the doors of Congress aud plant this
right deep in the fundamental law of
the land.
Petitions fora Sixteenth Amendment,
for womau's enfranchisement, from
10,000 Uuited States citizens, from
tweuty-two States, have beeu presented
in open House and Senate by 31 Repre
sentatives and 29 Senators si uee January
10, 1S77. The friends of Woman Suf
frage iu both bouses, wbo intend to ad
vocate the Amendment in the new
Congress, desire its friends to sustain
them by mammoth petitious from every
quarter. Circulate this petition through
the autumn and winter up to January
20, 1S7-S. Obtain the names of ail who
have signed similar petitions to the
present Congress, and as many more as
possible. Head the petitions with such
well-known names as you wish to have
appear in the uongresnonal Jieoord.
Fill the blanks for State, town, and
county, that members may refer to
their own districts in presenting peti
tions. Have all the names signed
plainly with ink on two copies of the
petition, one for the House, and one for
the Senate. Ask each signer to remit
at least ten cents to the Treasurer of the
National Woman Suffrage Association,
Mrs. Ellen E. Sargent, No. 1,733 De
Sales street, Washlugton, D. C, to
defray expenses of classification for
presentation to the 45th Congress. Every
name received before December 1, 1877,
will be classified with its appropriate
State and county petitions, and pre
sented by the appropriate Representa
tive and Senator. Send with the peti
tious name and post office address of
each one who obtains signatures, so the
officers may know the workers.
Cut this out, and paste it at tbe bead
ofa sheet of paper aud go to work. Put
tbe names of men on the riuht. aud
women ou tbe left of your petition, and
trace every name carefully iu ink :
PETITION FOR
WOMAN SUFFRAGE.
To the Senate and JToute of Represen
tatives, in Congres anembled : The
undersigned, citizens of tbe United
States, reside uls of the State of ,
county of , town of , earn
estly pray your honorable body to
adopt measures for so amending the
Constitution as to prohibit tbe several
States from disfranchising United States
citizens on account of sex.
RE0EHTEVENTS.
Secretary Sherman is disappointing
his critics by actively preparing to put
the silver act in full operation.
The funeral services of the late Sena
tor Wade, at Jefferson, Ohio, were sim
ple, short, aud largely attended by
friends of tbe deceased.
The Timet? Washington special savs
that several Senators think they have
satisfied the demands of their constitu
ents, at least for this session, and that
free coinage will not have a two-thirds
vote.
Articles of impeachment bavins been
presented by the House, the Senate
March 5th organized as a court of im
peachment for the trial of Judge Sher
man rage or the tenth district for offi
cial misconduct.
The silver bill was sent to tbe Depart
ment of State March 1st by tbe Speaker
of the House of Representatives with
the endorsements of the clerk of the
House and Secretary of the Senate lo
the effect that the bill bad passed, not
withstanding the veto.
The House, at 1:30 p. x. last Thurs
day, February 2Sth, passed the silver
bill over the President's veto by a vete
of one hundred and ninety-six against
seventy-three. The bill was immedi
ately sent to the Senate, and was passed
by that body by a vote of forty-six to
uiueteen.
It may be stated that our government
will extend a formal recognition to the
government of Diaz at an early date.
Diaz will make no pledge or stipulation,
but extensive correspondence has de
veloped an earnest desire on his part
for friendly relations and for avoiding
all cause of complaint.
A fever, supposed to be the typhoid,
has broken out in the institute for the
deaf and dumb at Belleville, Ontario.
Four pupils have died within a lew
days, and ten or fifteen others are pros
trated. The Ontario government has
ordered an inquiry into the cause of the
epidemic, which is supposed to be im
pure water.
A Rawlins, Wyoming, dispatch of
Maroh 2d says: "A letter received here
from reliable parties on Snake River
says tiie Ute Indians are acting in a
very defiant manner. They have already
killed one hundred aud twenty-five
head of cattle, and threaten to go on
the war path when grass comes. A let
ter from Bear River states that the peo
ple are greatly excited, aud are prepar
ing places of safety for the women and
children."