' - . -
PUBLISHED EVEEY SATDEDAY,
... bt .
TURNER. & COX.
Office, Main St Opp. the Court Some
iu or scBScnirnox, is coiX:
Out Tear, in jUraae S3 00
2il lloalba 1 M
Tbrr Uoolba......... ...... ......1....;.. 1 00
Slcjl Copies... ......... ...... ... .. , lo
Rate of Adrertisic?, in CeLa:
1.
ti'4
3 CO
4 (0
t 03
I 00
t OT
1 oo
li CO
1.
t o
e u
1 Vl
a o
f CO
UuO
U 09
Sit c
2 S
lr.
so
24 Mt
i- JO
40 !r
131 d-
1 lark
3 la
a iscu
i Jaatei
caluua
Saaa
1 coUhi
U 91
14 09
" WOO
St 14
24 CO
43 00
IS to
M CO
14 M
40 00
07 M
YOL. 6.
PENDLETON, IJMATILLA COUNTY, OREGON, MARCH 12, 1331.
NO. 22.
Xuncta ta Local Colts a, S9 cal par m Ut Int
!. 1 cnu par lis mil aMaat UaarUja,
llfmm VXm rayabU vsutrr!.
THE EAST OREGONiAN
OFFICE.
Pendleton, Oregon.
BOOK AND JOB PRINTING
Of rrtrj tfocnptlon orally ud promptly cxrecud'al
reasonable nlM.
Xonra -Snnple aaaAaaoraeols of binba, aiarn
tt and dralba will b iawrtfd wiUkmU cbtrcc Obit,
aary notice will bo cbarfeJ for aonlia; 10 tbrir
Worth.
Marie copleaoftbe Karr Oexooxuv. ia wraapan.
f.r nv iliac, can be oMiiq1 at Ibta Sca.
We attain. DO respotuublltly tor TWwa exprraead by
carrttpoadtBtt.
ATTORNEYS.
JOHN A. GUYER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
rEXDLETOX, ... OREC0X.
Orrtca Cp Hair, abcre the rHtoc.
EVERTS & WALKER.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
rESDLETOX, - onEcox.
Orrtca la thcCeart Hosae.
J. a.Twn.
t- a. cox
TURNER & COX.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
rEXDLETOX, - OlEGOX.
Ornca Oa Xa!e strrt, oppos t ib Coart Haaac
r. rass ttna
a. w. aaaar
TUSTIN & BAILEY.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
as Mixajtiia rvauc.
rEXDLETOX, ... 0REC0X.
Ornca Orac lira RxuSct.
O. F. BELL.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
a avraar rexue
rEXDLETOX. ... OKEGOS
Ornca Orr Eaat Orrjaia OSx, K ata 3i?eel
PHYSICIANS.
V. C. McKAY. M. D.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
rEXMETOX. OREGON.
r. w. wditcomb. m. d.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
rEXDLETOX. OBEGOX.
2 cxHm promptly auaod-d to, ti; or ttfBt.
W. F. KKEMEB, M. D.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
rEXDLETOX. OEECES.
OTt W rrwtaal aiiloa ta tba pec pit ef ra
Setos aad aurrooaditif eocscry.
Omca it rendetca.
DR. GEO. C. HARRIS,
Crwlsalc af Jel-raoa Malical Cohrt. raiidpiia ra
rEXDLETOX, OREC0X.
Cttnnlcanl UIim af M'oaaca
' and CfclUrrc a EpmaK y.
E. P. EAGAN. M. D.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
KESTuX, OEEGOX.
Orncx Oa Vain 5lrrrt.
DR. J. W. HALL,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
rEXDL-TOX, OfcEGOX.
thrjrx At ti' VUrt Hosm. XH catU pra-aptly at
trsdrd to, iay or nijttt
LAND AGENCY!
D WIGHT & BAILEY.
Central Lund AgzuU, Xolnriu Paltlic and
REAL ESTATE BhOKEHS,
PEXDLETOX,. .... - OEEttOX.
HAVE Tovoaisip TUU 't all rry-l UaJf la
Cmatllta coaDtr. aa4 recattla 01 alt Claljta fma
rat locauea awo l tbr prwst time u4 cumari
aal-rrk frota tb- Land OiBce at La Graatic
Wnl gnarr ela xa t-e partm "fc-Jcr asy T tbe land
lwiof.La t'ultMl sSut-a; caa-iact exatcatai aaea
belar tb !al Lani OOoe, aad oa aspaal to tbt le
parlta-nt at Wa.hiorton
jta4'iU faroUb SaUwr- Stti!ttieaal Botstnd Flaata
aoi aj- Uodiof La 4 renp 00 abort ajtwv. aa4 at
lvt ta tflf-i run. WiH bay aa I attl Laad, Clalta
City 1'raerty. K.Lc oa rraaua.br cots s aitoa.
Tbc Kau a4 K-oonla -Vir r-Tl Ia ar- tL- only
com of the klol ia CmiUll cotatr. ai e'Jrx Cil
aaT utae aal a trip I La Cra .1 br cornier tan
fft bare p-aal faetiiUaa fur loulia coBfia3T
GILJI0RE & CO.,
Law and Collection Office,
e T. 8TXEE? WXSHtXGTOX, D. C
MAEECalleaoti.XotutLaaBa aa4 a'tan ' to
all boaioraa cutiS led ta ib'tn. LaaK ar-xijit.8 l
fllT'a additional Hameatead Bi(bU aatf Laud Mar
raou boafbt aod aold. a2S
HALBERT E. PAtE,
(LaU Coamlaclctr ct Fatrali.t
Erw. r. Cainox. Erott B. Laao.
JgAlEN'IS.
PATVE GRAFTON & LADD.
Attorneys-at-Law & Solicitors
of American and Foreign Patents,
412 Fifth" Street Waahlngton, D. C
PracUrc itcat law la all IU tiraocbrt Id tbe ratral
oaeeiaaatbe eapraDaacdCtrcall cocnaot uic ,
H, raaipuetaet.t In.
WILSON HOI EL
UMATILLA, OREGON.
MRS. M. X . WIL.VIX. ferinerlr ofOrlMOi.
, hia local ad oa Frcmt arret. L'naUlla. aibrra
i abe baa opeced a Irn-dim Hctfel. Tb Uuuaa
Lbaa bnea rtSittd, tbe Baox are eieellaot aod
Iba Tab. witl oa snpiiDed Ub tbe baat tba taarkri
tZQTiM. TrsTeltn wiu w rtfTia awppiB( bvra
N. W. Staje Co.'s coschea stop at this place
I J. E. Beax.
ROTHCOILD & BBAN.
(3accaaariUS. EvtLeblM)
Would retpfClfull call tL attention of the
public to Uicir largely inert atd stock or
GENERAL MERCHANDISE
ITaich lb lact ar4 rdtirt aHad br la Mr caas
Ua aUaa aublaa ttca ta aSrr
AT THE VERY LOWEST RATES
Their Slock will coaiiit at heretofore of
DRY GOODS,
GROCERIES,
HARDWARE.
CEIXA
....AXD ...
Glassware, Boots and Shoes,
HATS nd CAPS,
33Oti023.S, Etc.
7bT B alviyi tat jiwwrt
ta tlUrt aa; cnra nb IK a
tut b ratrsau ta tlit bxat
f ttur aUM;. .
(fGRAIN AND HIDES'?)
And other Prtvlaee tkrn in rx change at
the U tipcat MarVet rs.te.
CASH PAID FOR WOOL
LOT LIVES KOEr
- J. w. rxus
LtVEItMORF. & ELLIS.
YILLAED HOUSE.
..ceuaa aa ui oocar m. ......
PENDLETON,
OREGON.
THIS ELECAXT XEr H0C5E IS JCST
for Ut acutaW;;ca a." U. faUic
JVew House, Xciv Furniture
situated in th Heart of the Town!
Jtv4cir Ihr Cvmrt Hacar fsara. Iu VratKatMO
aa4 ta. nrealattaa air t. aaipr4 ky
anv-Dier bert rex la it. arrbl
lanaral CaaatrMtioe. raratlara
ma4 aR mMra eaaktiraa
It cballrsira cataprtaioa froo tbe arry tat Boeara
Yitr nrnc Jtr all Xrw. w.H rca ractd,
I Mat ULUj Oaaa aa CoalorUbU
WIIX AT ALL TIME BE (TUP TA Q I P
SupjJiul wub tb ttry (Int lADLt
BEST THE MARKET AFF0ED3.
Xa paint or IroqMa wlfl bs tir4 by b propmtofa
r tbe tspwyaca ta taaat u
THE MOST POPULAR RESORT EAST
Of tb MoSBlaiUL
Wa aak oaly a fair asd Imp Ual tmt of oar tatab-
lunmeal is nrpen 01 iu ruima.
LIVKRUOnE k ELLIS, ProprlftaTt.
WALLA WALLA
STEAM -BAKERY !
....Earaamam I 1VM ...
MAXCrjlCTCltER or
BREAD, CAKES PIESANL
all klsdi af Crack.ra. Fire proof BtllM
I am sow prrptrad to aell
Ot artry sort aad draerlptloa. at Bedraek f xorra.
Brin acarrd lbremcra 4 aa ny rlracad
worataaa frota haa 'radaca, I bara ta
offrr at tba Walla Walla Halery rrary
aurt of (oodt ta ny lite ( butlbfic
Giro me jour Orders and be Conduced,
OBRECHTEL, aJJ5 Wjl8,
S. IlOTBCIULD.
m
EASTKItX OREGON'.
A Territory oTGrcat rcrlllltyak
Large u Xcw Enslund, open
ta iHiHilgratloB.
I from tkc WilUmrtU Farwar I
Eaatern Oregon is a much more ex
tensive regioti than Eastern WajJiing
ton, 1ut ha attracted less attention of
Ute than the latter because it lies more
nmiote from transportation facilities.
Tlie steamers vhich reach the Upper
Columbia and Snake rivers find the
products of the Walla Walla and IV
louse valleys waiting to freight them
lock, while the agricultural areas of
Eastern Oregon, except in northern
Wasco and Umatilla counties are so
distant as to hardly justify extended
production. Immigration also, seeks a
country nearest to transportation, so
the settlement of Eastern Washington
has of late gone on more rapidly than
in the counties of Oregon to the South
ward. More has been written about
Washington than Oregon because the
Xurthern Pacitic has an immense land
grant that lies in that country, covering
its best agricultural lands, and has been
anxious and willing to make its advan
tages known, whereas the people of
Oregon have done nothing to encourage
immigration, and the Oregon and Cali
fornia railroad, whose grant lies in
Western Oregon, was only interested
in attracting attention to the Western
vaHeviL So we enter ujon the work
of describing Eastern Oregon with no ,
publislied statements prepared to con vr.T hrcn mon: Profitable than farm , ed out Quarti mining is oHeriag in
sult, and have to work the matter up
; crot.s. They will grow grain exten j ducementi for eoterpn, and taav le
from current facts and matcnaL and
from our own personal experience, but
furtunateiy, during past years. c have
traversed n earlv all tins countrr, and
are inoderatelv familiar with its con-
tour, its rcAOuroas ot all kinds ami so J
...... . i
speak with
a xa.satre of confidence of
hi i,kv- -. ,n,t ....nl '
person.
WASCO COCXTT.
Only a few years ago the Willamette
Valley was Oregon, but here is otar
sinde countv east of the Cascades which
Wac n srMfi miu.O tn t lint tf t raan
mmi of thr Wtllamettr VUVv. al .
must contain land available for "settle
ment equal to half the farming lands of:
the Willamette.
A rough
estuaate of .
the domain of Wasoo
countv mows
that it contaitu at Irust ctzhl aiJions
v& acres, it u iniunin aianieu miu
Ta tt u 1 . Jl
.1.-.. rji ti." .t...
11 u iiaiuiaiii ui ruru miu 1
u... i. la, at iuiivn). inc litnuii tiiat
have their rise near Mount Hood and;
pour into the Columbia or Dos Chutes
,. ,n .
riven, reaching from tbe Cascade
nHHinLuustotWDesCWandfro
the Columbsa on the 'orth to the
Warm Sprines Indian rwervatHw oa 1
arm hpnngs
the south, with Dalles Citv fur its cen
..... i :
ter: we call tins the Dallas district
Another locality, bordering the Cohtm-1
bia and reaching from the Des Chutes
river to Umatilla county, we will call j
... . t .1
utUM.a. luiiuun auinv r utra, imi
u t r. t. i tv.it l. ,
ua, Jl.i vcr;fw uu irv V. IT; Jk,
uiai rKHir into tne ises viuies, ana
. 1 . . T T . .4 ,
uuwr atresusa uui ucau uma ami ,
,.t. . -t... :.t. .1 .1!
tiourtheir waters eastward to John Da
. , . , , , . - 1
nver. South ot this bus the Ochoco
district, with Prineville for its center, j
containing a good ucai oi iano now
...n- J .. 1. i.t. t ...1
uuitzea .or stoeK rangea. eu
w.Hrluu WRuj,...
demand, ana cold mines that are work-,
awl tA trsaa araf (.a,...- f rtat snun ff '
, ' , , ,
w aMW vasabfMiM aaa vaa J w
the Blue mountains.
The Dalles district commences at
Dalles City, and contains already con
siderable population and diversified in
terests. Dalles City lies under and
upon a bluff, and is a place of great
iiotiortance, as it has an cxteatsive
trade with Klickitat and Yakima to
tlie north, and with the rest of Wasco
and Grant counties to the south. Itj
several thousand inhaUtants. i
contains
has manv charming residences, and its'
uacs: streets arc beauuiui lonage, wniie :
tlie business portion of the town is
building upinasultantial form. Back
of it ore high hills, and from the very
highest of these hills there looks down
upon the town a splendid farm of 500
acres, owned by Mr. Bird, who has thus
demonstrated that the hill lands of dry
Easteni Oregon can le made very val
uable for the production of grain, hay,
fruits and vegetables. He last Summer
cut his wheat green and made hay of
it because it was most profitable to do
so. Settlers at an early day made their
homes upon all the creeks to utilize die
intervening hills for jtasturogc, but
tlie hills have proved available for prac
tical aim culture. Back to tbe 1 yen
nver all the available bottoms
'.T r..m
claimed twenty years aro. but of late
we hear that settlers are making their
w
2. l . .
homes on the high plateaus. The Oak
Grove country and the Tinnicum set
tlement, south of Tvgh valley, olfcr
much good land to emigrants, and peo
ple there are very anxious to treat
newcomers wclL There are many
wealthy stock men and fanners in thi
part of Wasco county. Dufur Bros,
havo their iJieep ranch on Fifteen Mile
creek and their Summer mid Fall tas-
ture is an extensive uwnmp land claim,
on a bench of the mountains at tho base
of Mount Hood.
The John Day district consists of up
lands, bordennc the Columbia and ex
tending south about fifty miles between
ilt waters of Dcs Chutes and John
Day rivers, nud east to tho boundary
of Umnlilla county. Col. T, S. Long,
who has interests in this section, rcp-
good grass country over all that dis
tance. The bunch grass grows vigor
ously almost from the banks of the Co
lumbia river and it is equally good for
grain. Wherever water is found there
ia rich bottom land. Water comes
near the surface in many places and
can be easily had by digging. Springs
are more abundant than as supposed
to be the case at an earlv day. Well.
have been dug ten miles from the Co
lumbia, at Spanish Hollow. The ques
tion will soon be tested as to the pro
ductiveness of the sou on these uplands.
as the lilalock ranch, which has been
.1.-1.1; ; .1.;. .i:.
tnct This tsncb u located t the
junction of the Columbia and John
. - . .1. .
acres, and is taken up by a company of
enUTDrisine men ith a iew to co-or
erative farming on a large scale. If)
this section proves as available as is I
hott-d. it will provide homes for thou-!
sands of families. Thirty Mile creek,
which is near the L'matdla line, is set-1
.t i -... i . -
lira iu wnuie icnrui ana is a coou
farming country. Rock creek, which
empties into the John Day river, has a
. r
rich valley, settled thickly for thirty
miles, extending towards the Rlue
Mountains in Umatilla county. CoL
Lang, who is at home in this region, in
forms us that people raise onlv what
they need for home supply, but have
uot grown farm products to send abroad ! to have rich placer mines that supj-jrt-owiiigtotheditEcultyof
reaching mar- cJ M active population and a brisk
ket and because stock raising has a!- trace, but the tla.-rs are raostlv work-
.nvcly when transportation is perfected cXpocted to form a permanent souree
ta encourage it The scheme of the ef prosperitv for all future tie, even
Oregon lUilway and Navigation Co. j tijoush not vet nakitf returns for otit-
includes bnuich lines to bring all the'Uv. TW firaiinp otratioiti in L'tmrr
I nch tannin- ooui.trv alnn- hr Itlnr'
i r? . o
vi ..t. ...... . ...... i. .. .1 . i ... . I . .
"s
" tn tne nver svd tneir
&n trunr line ot roan.
The Middle District of Wasco coun
tv reaches from the Dcs Chutes
nver
to the Blue mountains and u more than i throwing oj-n of the MalWcr reaierva
large enough ta constitute a great conn-; tion, which is no lonrrr needed for the
ty of itselL A glance at the map will
' show that it is well watered by streams
I r - i . t v .
'to e .UcS S OB,
, JfTi
7 ' ' 7.V' h
u w-U adapted to urnculturr throwch its
noie extent, but larmin;
t arc chietlv restricted to
i j ,
"'"-"-
t i j a-rn.
. , it.
, . I
Kiutu oinn. netted er raiiroaua can
"
, T , v - .V"
fk,?M,5 denser tlernt ,n thss
-T1 "T I
encourage
7 , -, ", ' r -
ina ujr. .Mt. uec bu tui.cu tats
rrion and rrprvvjau it a possessing
inanv desirable qualit.es that will tie-
v rkij- when tranrrtation is pcssible. I .
"
,
use i ue
mct ppJtaiiiD poruooi
Eastern Oreson is the Ochoco dis-
tnct, locata-d on tlie branches of Crook
t ,1 ..
eu rtter, tne sos
I T. it. t , j
. . .11.. ..
w
t . , , , t.t..
'
' . .,.
a newspaper and a brisk trade with the
r , , . .t
g.j
minin? districts
in the
thvostern spurs o:
r
the Blue tuoun i
; Uinv
Q dnut da for &
tWurn fork of the , of "W1U Wa1; u t
h i a n nil rnni. . ... -. .. .1
trade o-ntcr. a thnvinr' .... . t- .? .t. .
tbecttrv .vthof the Columbia is.T'Y "V
. .. . -. . ... ' similar land
mat tne vv mtrrs are miiaor ana iirK
do much litter in severe seasons than
nortlt of the Columbia. For this rea
son Middle Wasco is desirable as a
stock country and some of the most
i.eoaif.1 itock an w hsve sre tole
found in Grant and A asco counties.
ovemW 2Cth we published a letter
from Dr. L. nndcriol, an old rrsi-
dent from Hooked nver valley, which
UI jc rcpmdHccd in tbc extra edition
WC ?tu' tr0la the fi,IeS f ,hc f "
' I MP inr W T aa-Ta MtVfl 1ST inn m Yin T nit
. . .
y account of that region, and stock
raising Uteroabout ansuer the : purpose
so fully Uiat we refer the reader to , it
lor a coinplete i.lea of the Ochoco dis-
tnct. r. ntlerl Iwks to
ture when railroads shall come to their
relief, ami explains the wonderful re-,
sources of that; valley for production of
farm crops. I no time is coming when
railroads will reach even there. Inel
presrna . m.cauon , ma, tne
guagc will cross the Cracade to f fTect a
junction with the evada orthern
road, and
that road, when completed,
will i-e the Crooketl river country
nn
outlet townnls both tlie east and the
. r vt-
west. iiciUDCumcctuniriiMro
county to settle uh Uic land tablc fur -
.i t r it it. ..
i .. .. . .
c Z Z i T "iT . .
nn .i in,, n.ii. .t,n.-c iimt iimvi.
utira in tiiiaui irt til laiius uic -
.
cauu a corrc-jnociii. w rote us not.
. a .
long since that W asco county ollen-d as
KTOtv .uuuueut-.
inn t'.ainiirji nr i nL iinn muni n1. nnn
, . .
Tlie census tabh, show he popula-
on of A asco county to 10,228 ;
umber of farnis, 8i ; Ltnd actually
tion
number
farmed, only B0.000 acres ; value of live
stock, 81,771,380; which ranks all other
counties iu that respect; farm products
in .value, $2e7,000. Wasco U first in
loth sheep and horses, and next to Bak
er and Grant in cattle. So fur as cli
mate and heal til arc concerned, there is
probably no plcaxantcr climate nor any
more healthy region m the world.
Stock thrive better hero than in any
other portion of the Columbia region.
LAKE COU.Vrv.
gon, and takes its name from the fact ! cellent, and many sloping readies of
that it is a great lake region. A grad-1 mountain lands, covered with scattering
ual divide separates it from Grant 'Pno forest and no underbrush, can
countv, and much of Lake, as well as!14!!' transferred to fields of golden
tneporx.on 01 uranv soutn oi me in -
dian resen ation, u of light character
of soil, insisting of a mass of volcanic
..i.- -. .i . .. .
ashes, but Lake, though a
high
and
I frostv countv, has many charming val-
J leys and good land. Sprague river ha
a beautiful valley, flows west into Kla-
math lake, and thence through theCas-
main taKe, anu tuencc tnrougu tue uav
cade range the Klamath river seeks
the ocean. Other streams in Lake
county flow into lakes and the waters
L;..i - ti... - :nt. i i
ilUS mnOD wm WiraVcnwJ UT.11 wu ciui u u.c unmuia sua
the projected railroad from Reno, e -
vada, nortlt, to connect with the rwul
i Company. Ij.ke county has about
' 3.000 tKrlation. and there are anv
number of chances for homesteads.
Slock raisin?
is the chief source of in-
come; Lakeview. the coaittv seat on
I the shores of Goose lake, U a tliriving
town, and Las two new.rawrs; Link-
i ii ... . . .
' vine, at me wl u also a cooa rornt
for trade. This county has no direct
1 communication with tLc Columbia nver
j "
j and can hardly deserve to be described
as a part ef the Columbia region.
CRjlXT COCXTT.
This county is very extensive, and
has the western slot; of the Rkie
mountains for its bovndarv.
It used
T "v. t h . .1. . . j!. r
'iwwuu is taiiri cue tut k UT Lrvm Y vi
, . ..
uie awes and rancas tor laia.f - , o
countv feas tie grtatcattie herds of tke
north ost in its limits. Thre is
imaonse area of vacant land in Grant
eountv. soon ta added ta bv tke
! ux of the Indians. Grant countv xaav
, ln titae be reached bv railroads. Ut it
i - . '
not same unfcoked
cvWeS KfT L
ana ue lavance w njmiiy axig lor
the development of the country east of
' K. raamlM Wv
it very roMiWe
i . i t.
Its altitsde may interfere with
tf.
goou results iron Proasous tarasing.
I ,lBfav B1"1 M l 7"""
awaitwg settlement that not
ta forostal! time to say what
i ever? CIlon 6S bo"t prm-
m tor the future.
1"at:lla COCXTT.
- : i t- .v. rt -
I i.OUir UUaLTak. LO LaUTT LWnalaUKl II lr
ve find, on tkr ma! of Wism miitr.
, -a.
... w-.u. f
.r w . aAitt. w.
v. u ,.v, -anvu u
-allcv is On-con sod. Rock creek.
Z Operations tJ.it Grant eoetatv will brMfr-ht . t. i i. i .1 r J 1as-t- minirw)
,- 4, 1 o .tau, u Btucxi ntgtter uuu utavu is touju b 1 . -
ropjKying icr ' -aruhin reach of asarket This countv.:.. .1. i-.n .. . n.. .v ..... diaas. it is soon to be thrown nnra f.i-
d , . , aia urc " iuaujctw w f - - - j -
cvoun u divcraned itv Mountain, vallevs arad .1 .- .1 , 1. i. . .): the stlement bv th whites. Rat?-
W lrlilaeAn I nmf nrV laaalMlArV fa ttf
r' aj i, wi a-v Vt wawaa, i-atit
which empties into the John Day nver, f Columbia asd Walla Walla counties richest of sofl. We remember read
in Wasco countv, has its best hinds in ' in Washington Territory, the Umatilla ta? years ago how a farmer ia Powder
Umatilla, and is thickly settled for 20 ' river and all the streams that empty . river brought aa irrigation ditth
miles. Along the Columbia is a grass ' below it into the Columbia river and to Lear upon a piece of heavy sage
regicn of upland that promises ies than 1 the John Dav river in Wasco county brash land, strong with alkali, for all
m v asco countv. ivmvins
. out the river shore region Umatilla is so, but Crooked river, the main fork of lrr grubbing the sage, plowed and
i a splendid county. The Blue inoun- the Des Chutes, heads far around to sowd to wheat, aad realized forty bush
tains extend through it, parallel with ' tlie southeast, so that these mountains 10 e acre- The kck of water
the river distant 50 to 60 mile. ntn -
t rtir l aa ta-nan,) naa.i Y..
M Following
I raouutains for 125 miles, through
UmalULl countv, u an araWe stretch
? of .verase 25 to 30 miles
. -. . . . - rma,iiu ;t .r.
; . , .. : r r-i,
i bix Not long a-o it was a ranre for
' .
-.ttl. 1.... .,!. ... mamihh
, .,i,:,
,ld hiiUide. It is true that from the.ible mountains. The courVe of the
UmaUMa rivcr wc5t U , early emigrations followed down Snake
chJcflv m I hundmU of drearv miles, over
is second only to sage brush plains that were parched
, Wa!ca Transportation favors U,e and desert iAIIppearance, and ihroush
northcast end of the countv more, and , canyons and over burnt hills that aw
j whpat farrain . U on verv ! ' . a grave that buries fam -
..:,.., lu ,f - k,n bnch 1. , ;iv
nnil vavrn strewed with car-
.11' ...t.t t.t
-jof Umatilla, and then the era of pro -
. ... -m rarn(A, 'i
" a aawaw aa mm vaw v-v
commence in earnest and
PmatilU rountr will hav.. an immens.,
.. . ,uj ' A i,nr. . the mar.
i .i ,t.. . . t l ... i
siiunn uiat iiiu streiutis unuui uui iuut
) water well all the country near the
., .ri....t. a ,
. . rmatiu Tn.
. r . .
I titan reservation occumrs as line n nor
, tion of country ns can bo found east of
. t
- Mtwiaiiaaa.ia. M aoM W aa w f aataaa,
i run TTifiii tit rt i tic in tt rr rra t nn nnnrivinrA
, f . aliillCDnt. -..,1 f nialiv
( , . ... . . f
wttlemeut. Wo consider Umatilla
.
i county m many rwpects the crvnm oli
Lot lxj its climate is
ncarn()SS t0 tLe Columbia river,
rortain.v that nirxulU
I a&aaiviit ui i uii. ui uuiu v4.11-
tine; ita
and the
reach evorv
part of it, makes it at present the most
attractive region now open for settle-
incnL "Whilo it has only about 10,000
inhabitants, it can easily accommodate
ten times thut numlicr. It oilers such
excellent "Hands away from tho moun-
tains as tlie Cold Spring country, which
is yet in n great measure vacant. It
. . ,. . . . . ,
nas n spjcmiid region ot vauey anu
foot-hill lands, and the Blue mountains
themselves we expect to seo occupied
in courso cf time by industrious farm
ers und itock jr Uje wil is ex-
' :.. 1 i. r l ; .:..
, lufiOUJ ' "
; TI.c region to the eastward is so unde-
' yeloped that we cannot gauge iu future
I by the accessories of the present, De-
( velopment once begun will continue at
, rapid rate, and with railroad connec
lion completed to the East the stream
' immigranU to come will fill up the
land with busy industry.
- The Hlue Mountain region
sw-
nu at-
"rd a great Summer range for the
Ar-ta Ul.nf th. Imf:i?
f i - s . t ..a...
j asco plains, atocu men build cabins
. "a torrals and so estabUsn claims that
build cabins
'tar aSlr Jer they drive their stock
to these mountain ranges, and they
I fatten on the native grasses and save
the bunch grass of the lowland for
Winter pasture. Rye grass grows in
scales and along water courv; a long
grass grows through the open pine for-
.t.-. t :l i .t.
, ra uais an uiiunureau, uu ukp:
" teep grass, much liked bv
: llRt stock, found in the foot-hills, and
r T i'1: 'r?
. . t .1 . . i r
aon ti u teu uowb in wtc tcxA-auis.
There is no rvason why this mountain
laivd, containing many sloping reaches
of the richest soil, veil watered and
timbered, and not so elevated by any
means as the Cascade range, shall not,
in due time, be appreeiatl for agricul
tural purposes, and made use of for
settlement.
There are manv thrivis;: towns all
, ltrT5h 1 fflH.co5at- "S?
IIcHe VUA taatilla, Wes-
iIritoa d C-enteml!-, are all
Pro"rin? plaS surrounded by an ex-
crllt farming cocntrv The tcmi-
.
nni mr nan 11 Ttrnz mnan iAr risa
" . . , 1 " - '
or uoo; Lftc
scoi of valleys to the
weaatward
tkrvu abeadxat xxoa to
locate the domain the
Lmted States
Government stands readv to bestow.
CXtox COCXTT.
Ranges of mountains extend from
the Xevada line, northward. threurh
, p,.. Qrv. known as Steins
as bteins
mountam on the south, and developtng
1Bto Lrwully sird Blor laountuns
northward. The interior eoun-
. .u,... ,Ke Cascad ranns to the
' ... ...C! - -
'. ,k f.4'. tummiu ta the on
irirrrviim inrp i in 11 r 11 lraai urniaarv
' tan to the wt, the distance from the
eastern plains to the summit is every- State of Oregon, remain ta this day in
J Lore leas than on the west, and the i S"51 Eieasure vacant land, reamed
nsountains are less ruggvd to climb. . OTeJ" by great herds of stock, ctxlired
While the Blue mountains are not to 17 this way, with other re
inacctsible as the Cascades, thev are rees otly slightly endervtood and
still a rrandlv outlined mountain re- awaitior the deveecpaeot of the ft tue.
' - . " .- ... v-
uuitK in irrr nUr form. or x nU
"IAD TlTMinin' I niin HIP lMDIBDU.
1.1- . ; -
t i .L
j crasaT reaencav, aiui uvea tnaitr
forests that will certrinly at no distant
.1 1 . 1 r
ua u: Biiiirevsatcu tut caoaik tau
cultivation. This ranee of mountains
supplies, from its fountains, the various
trm that mate the beautiful vallevs
t are ted entirely irom in era. oi omv
'ar th mttrre of fruitful streams which
i iL. ...LU 1.Hal. aaav. taiTf
Oregon and the richest portion of
, Washington Territory. On the east,
also, thev supply tne flow of the.
' streams "which "reach Snake river,
craw f y frtil nn V.ntiful
. c ,i. r--..-..i frA
hemmed in bv the walls of surrounding
.- o t fv a
I
.,- .1 ? T.. . , j v.. ; '
' : i. .t i:..i i .v.-
l a. a.XJ ua iUUIMMO fca aVMJh
'road,
thnt
1 road. Coming at last to the divide
tVmt vmnttM tbi wntK of the Granda
h?on fm Pnr-Wr t W fnnncl
1 rA t tl,am a lanni-ul a
' ..t. t-i..l
, picture as ino CVO t er tuua.i'U ujvii.
, It lay in native "wilderness, untouched
' -t- .- . ( T
,,fn mtlt niar hivn there.
In-
fj
t 1 . .
. nml rwri.irw honla ot Indian corses
j on the rfth prairie grasses, but oUier -
l...
a -mr
Here
a a 1917 IV "- UUWUVUV.U MMSa A'
..a a M-a iiMtnnhiwi in mnr ti
toc R .-.. mli W nmnn nioun. . J
! . f : m.i,i.n.m,
and snrines. avcrnrine ten miles in
w .w .
width by thirty miles in length, spread toUl of .
out broadly but lying in a winding h datinszix(s w 0
shape, with coves and inlets of praino lgso. ya of -5l2,93l,224;
reaching into the hills where streams cm i63i046,912; newspapers,
permeated, and with abundant feed for W rnr. u t
. stock to conipensato for tho burnt
j plains they had left behind. Thotrav-j
eller felt hero that his troubles werej
j over. Across the range, only a two
days march, were the valleys of Ulna- j
tilla and VaIla Walla. j
There arc several lively towns ia
. Union county, chief of which aro La
. . - . ..... i
jUrnnde and Union, each ot which sup- j
ports a newspaper and does a good bus-1 fo lors nas to suppoi-fc f$
ineas. While Union is tho county awt'moarT insUtuttoas; Th v we.
La Granda i.tho land otlcse. te "fi atave cost
G- " tt co,400,000-durig tia l-i
and united States. j t ywrs.
C.VKE& COC5TT,
This county has an area nearly two
hundred miles long and from the moun
tain summits to Snake river and tho
. Idaho line. It contains on the north,
o rf
nts , f cultivation Ld
', t-.
, has several thriving to -arcs and villages.
mines of the iilae Mocnt&in re-
. h
qUAm vtinJ of
r.j . .1, .i
ore are
found and worked at the verr edge of
t the valley. Thn valley is rather cold
t. i .11 .t... " 1. 3 . r
... i u ,i , j . r
.!. ?n nrnftitirn r.f r
m? vegetables in prolusion and o ex-
u - x 1 : r j
- t'
LCIlCUb UUlUiL). X UNUri IllCr XlaU "UUU
jd. for Mme distance lutohl.
Pmonntaj-. wbaf stftrlr Tnr- tr.o,.r.
agriculture nas not been seriously at
tempted. The speedy construction of
the railroad from the Columbia river
gives a hope for future growth aid
prosperity that induces settlement al
ready ; we notice that the Baker city
newspapers (the place has two) speak
of the fact that quite a settlement has
" -"-
i ,!, ? i.
of powdsr riverand Burnt river
, 1 on t. ntf.TS 0f tiie Malheur
We used to traverse the
hole
length
ot liazer county, sixteen years ago,
when going to the mines of Southern
Idaho, and found, along the way, mucH
good land, rich with grass. Since then
Baker county has become the great
grazing ground for cattle, of which tho
census returns over 45,000. The pop-
( ulation of Baker county, last Spring,
was 4,631, a trifling population for such
an extensive region. There are not
many sheep in the county but much at
tention is paid to horses, in which con-
( nection Baker county stands fourth in
the State. Powder river valley k the
' most nopukms portion of Baker coon-
ty, and in the northern part are several
--
, - . .
miatng dtstnets.
ITC thai a-l --
- . -?
1 , . ,?. ri;. .-
(tvnaauij uciouji iu aiojzatnxitT tor
regular farming. In the soathem part
;is tne Lnrynee nver arid tributaries,
and some fanaing is carried on hi the
ciunag dutnets in Idaho, near the line.
E of them is the Stein's Mountain
cn"7. aous stock range. The
Jlameur Indian reserratwa is partly
tn Grant county and part in Baker, but
e have laformauon that as it is no
i - ...
sad Grant counties eonstitutinc nearly
oae-taird ot tne total surface of tie
. If. Panl- nr- tl.
t prodaction is well 6t&t!is&tL aad e
aa a - a v aaaw saaaaaMst Wa
hire m uasU tkit mH&t rrt
of ti,nU t,l f .t-t.
. 1 - - ---
"m cuiuvaiea w gooa aa vantage.
' Thena 1S Store ar lac Itr-ncli rJaina
m Aaxer county, especaily along the
spper partof Snake River. This sage
hush land is in many instances the
"- - - ou
prevents succce&srui agriculture over
much of this interior recion. bet the
remedy of artesian wells may be tried
there with as much success as in Lower
Caifornia. The government has made
an appropriation to test this matter
and it is probable that the question of
watcrsunr.lv will some way Unsolved so
that the great wealth ot sod that seems
wasted over a wide stretch at countrr
between the Sierras of the Pacific and
mountaiaN wiU be made
available for habitation and cultivation,
' thin two years a railroad will be
" operation from the Columbia river
to City, and will bring all the
region along that distance within a
' ch of matket. It is possible that
thin that time the Utah Northern
. milma.l will nndi north to mV n
junction and establish through ooiir.ee-
a .
tion with the Xdst via the L nion Pa-
citic railroad. The time rapidly an
proaches when the hitherto waste lands
of Oiveon will haw nil th v-ln tVif
a - - w -
transportation facilities can give them.
: a:
iUlu miu cafc scvuua ot vauey anu
mountain land that has so Ion? been
utilized only for stock ranges and min-
. r . m .
' mc ventures, will assume the creator
' venture, wui assume tne greater
importance that attaches to permanent
. homes and steady cultivation of the
. soiL
gos'sO's0?)' '
' ,
ITiomas Carlyle, tho famous English
essayist, historian and philosopher, died
at Chelsea, (London) oa Saturday,
February fith. He was born at Eo-
clefechan, Scotland, in 1795, and v
therefore in his eighty-sixth yeac.
-