f m?ins of cpfenfe. They bouW hare inJiriduil
tecurces ti resort to, aud if attacked, be able U
I clTcr fcrs. Jahie resistance. Tncv have no right
o rvv; lu smmieiiet-K and lmliUereuce whel
, beset w.th dauger, relying entirely upon tht
1 Goveium'Ht for protection. Thev Lava beei.
t x. nes-iceut in that respect. iach ucw diffi
cul'r tfcat anos from Indian hostilities timix
thta m the same destitute condition tu rasix
i t: affiances for defence, and as the dinger be-
xaies more threatening, the appeal to the ae
rtment tor cuds becomes pathetic, 1 can con
ve of no excuse a lruutiotmn can otter I of
hanng a good gun of his own. And anoth
I .r.rcurusranee still more remarkable, the In-
lSjis. on such occasions are well armed. 1 he
tas belonging to the State should he collected
a deposited m the State armory and none i
d except to npon$il4e parties and for pooj
'uns. I commend these matters a subject
the utmost imnortance to the iiile of this
ate, and wh:ch require prudent and decided
kt: jn. lroicr efforts on your part should also
made td muace the United Mates to iRdem
ly thoe who have suffered damage and lost
I tn the recent depredations. JvvtKMi U of the
f ci fotteress ot Marcti aw. isvz, reeumuuc
I Je and intercourse Kith the Ittdiau tm- av.
rnerre peace on Uie trotitier. provides'1
pavrucut ot ioUation etairas i yuat en
l sec.ned n the act, but tbrv ar - "ten-
r nrt-1 tK n.rr Kan-o fwn itJtCted lV a
. i cee c .aims woum clean v vriouz-"
I it -are cf In-.aus from various tnUS 11 woaic
I very d:cu t. if not entirely itnprK"cawe "
rta:nJsat!S!actiJn in that war. By i"? r
ct xtcht, the sunerer tn ttij"
be fa..v mdemmtied. They i"
the tc.tf J ates as well as of this uum - w
all r -i-s nnA nri: tn its JSw?oo.
ie Ina-acs are subject to the laws a J leeula-
nsctthe tinted states, and rtscar"
I iri. ani at the time of the outbreak were up-
. restmt jn in nkanrM of its aeettfeV -It was
xlu'v U n strain them hut it tailed U do SO,
lid innocent jiatties have been arnufe impov-
Jld tie lcZLas responsible asd cssim satssfae-
on, wkisi neither the citizens nor the Mate
tin do. As a matter ot ngut ana justice u
laonM reimburse thtm for the loss they have
uira.nea.
I res recti "Jr call voar attention to a tnaUer
hich fasui.ous people may regard as a hack
jVea suciecl. I reler to tne xreaty m law oe-
reen-tbe L nited States and unma. Known as
fhe Br.igame Treaty. There has been no
leveut, in mv judgment, from whseh creator
erus re Iibie to result to this tate aad the en-
lure IScnc C.iast than from that nnfortanate di
ploic acr. G.-vemmentaI acts and measere
lwh.;h pi-ire icunous in thetr conveqnences, can
e- cr-jiir. y easily changed, bat where tety
rise cat ot acomuact between high eoatracOBC
Powers it is effecteJwith greater diSeelty. This
"ir is ccwever, still tanner compMeaiea. lu
: perates beneficially as well as iBjnnoas-
involves antagonistic mteresU. Chfoa
sre pcnt.;tted, under its terms, to immi
ji to the United States by thetr cwa volition
-the J rp-jMj o: curiosity, of trxir and per-i-ert
residence. Ttieir udox to the eouatry .
a teJery to cheapen labor, which is an aa
vantage to the csjHLslt who desires ts engage
. an J -t bet: c Sis ths State by encouraging the
.irosocuu j of enterprises calculated to develop
:ts re&jorcea. On the other hand it causes earn
peution w.th white laborers, redoees their
imount cf wage and decreases their eppertom
i to cbta.n employment, and will, in evest
uch icim -ration is" permitted without limit.
cnsus.v atfrct their osccpatson, and oompel
them cer t: seek employment in otfier local
ities or be content with the cam of a precartocs
UveKhcU. The result of such a policy woo id in
iTect d f; "ice a respectable class of oar own po-
rie vlH sutoctute in tneir stead peroas oi a
Fdifferent caste, belonging to an inferior race.
find wha are so wedded to their own peculiar
psancers, customs and reugwn tnat time nor
lcirjumtancescannot tffect any sitnilanty be
tween tiem and oorselvea. hile tsere was a
ity of laborers, their presence was tolerated
as a necessity, and prior to tne treaty n oc
casioned no particular nneaswess or apprehea
t;n cf danger, as the State, by uafneadly legts-
Elaticn, cc.a at any time discourage taem iresa
com Jig to or remaining within its territorial
fcnrUaicrion. And according to a decssioB of the
Supreme Court of the Uaited Mates it would
have had the right to expel them from her "bar -
P, as an unacceptable pspnratMn. out tne
ty is paramount to State law, and it reok
curing opon the communitm of the Paa&e
st tics element of humanity nolens reinss.
efer to the subiect not from anr partisan
standpoint. I do not regard it as a party ques
tion. The two leading political paries of the
State entertun and express sentiment in eom
nun regarding lL To my mind it is froogbt
with ciffiralties. That its legitimate
frmt if aUcwed to mature wiB, on the one side,
be discontent Terging upon sedition and an
archy; on the other hand clamors for a strong
government, for a consolidation of power, and
' taccess of either would be alike calamitous.
treaty has never been maintained on
; cf China 'n accordance with its intent
leaning, ine right of tree migration ana
stton, which it recognizes, was to be en-
voluntary, and to be exercised in new of
Situation. The Chinese have no ncbt to be
rtted under the circumstances in which they
Jme here. They are usually brought in hordes
i a condition of semi slavery, and obigatedto
erf arm" a term of servitude. The privilege ac
orded to the contracting parties was upon con
dition, that the immigration to either country
r the ctt-zens or subjects of the outer, abould
. Tolontarv. individual act. China nas wnoiiy
L'ed to have that consideration observed, and
"States ought to revoke the privilege.
r do so consistently with the dignity and
- of the Republic Oar Senators and Bep-
hatives in congress should be urged to exert
energies and influence in procuring an ab-
legation of its objectionable provisions and if
nmercial relations between the united states
nd China cannot be preserved except by per-
ittine tne latter country to open wide the
l2ood gates of ber immense ocean of humanity.
F and allowing a constant and everlasting current
I of her surn'.us population to Sow in upon us. to
fgain possession ot resource lor t be support o.
the masses oi our people, to obstruct ana pre
I Tent immigration to this section from the older
States, and to gather up and tarry back their ac
quisitions in order that they may enjoy them
tunidst their own pa gods, they had better b
1 dissolved at ones. The iiepablie cannot acora
f to permit the perpretation of so unjust and cruel
an act towards any class of iU citizens at any
Ilprioeor for any cideration. In conclusion,
-gentlemen, permit tne to express the high ap-
I preciation in winch l regard you personally, ana
in doing so, I disclaim entirely any intention or
desire on my part to disparage previous legisla.
I tire assemblies of the State, but I am f ally im
prested withihe belief, from my personal ac
t quatntance wiut tne most ot you. lrom the good
Krience many of you hare had in public offices,
d from your acknowledged ability, that the
reputation you maintain, lrjm tne extensive ex.
auntry may reasonably expect well, practical.
ijnuucui icuuuuu u ui session, ion are
1 upon to perform arduous and important
Bs, lor wnicu, viewed from a mercenary
!point,you are poorly requitted. The pe
nary compensation you are to receive for thr
mces you are required to render, is small, and
a) doubt you ere this bavc learned from experi
snce and observation, that however well and
faithfully you may discharge thoe duties, you
will be almost at liable to receive ensures
commendation. The public servant who antici
pates that by extraordinary exertions and skill,
he will be enabled to awakes in the public mind
of the community, a high sense of gratitude, it
liable to aad disappointment, lie may establish
a character for honor, probity and ability, but
he ought to expect nothing betond that, and
ino ngni u claim anvthinir more, i he Isith-
i penormance ot autr, menu no special tiratse
ft should excite ardent emotions of thankful-
IllstlmpIyyleldlncoVd cnceloUiedpmands
rr an abkulute and ItnpeniouN law. and It must
be remembered that the labor one bCK'owa for
Ihe promotion of the public tnW-ret. Indirectly
ends tu tbc promotion of bli private Iniemttn:
'that the ser'.ce lierlonnw) for the lM-ncfltol
the mate by lu clUzens, U like llmt performed
for tc bneflt of a family by one of lUoirn
memu-rn, una lie itwouia percups, le un
just to require the services of nubile nfflrlalu
without emolumenU, j ct the ofllcr won created
jor luepnouc coa, nud not to enrich lh in
cambent. If lue niHlntenun-e of the govern
nflan-qulre a crlflce of time, labor nnd con
I enlencs."vwho ahould lies) Late to mke it?
Viiat other means can be tmployed to bring
order out f cleo, or to hnrninni the dtc
a t elements oMuiniMnUy. It ts i "
...... .i... t. i luiMS I
ici j wr wiuu JHEMiuritt- 11-,,
tioxly Mn i corruption. J."
iltk- Hiefiktr. V Bovmmi4it hU-d
itml t he i.nle. w." ? " V T"1
n NeoinCK anil vIKve una iwn.if in 1 1
inteir.iiv nf it ilnttnillm. IJetitlewen
uixin whi J republican ltn ot nivrr,
nieut niut ' 1,1,1 11 lm nu uthrrfuund
..... ...i.. . but will not survie tlieirdnUt
linn iht w ii eiHiure i"H u iney
su 1 "vp IU" conauriice iitai j.h win i
lH)r 3V,.U(Mily toenrry them uw; nad I M'K
nj.ucceed. TheMCweof ay smkHi m w
i-.ltvlmrjrthed l-f t ixxitbin I
.v in Hecordutice villi tbat tMtlti irc-ntly
,'ainnM ii m aeu wnsrn is rvcxMUru amo
learchlvisof the state.
3InssAchusrtt Crvcubackrr' l'lalfon
Boston, Sept. 1 i The ( i reeuUick tVnve
ikhi, alter the inttHiaaUoa ot ticti. iMtler
govomw. left the matter of 4aciMg caiwlstlat
IB the Held for the other Ut uMeee t t
Oreetiback dabs The on mm I tec apMt.
to wait vn Uen. 11a tier om4 tHy km
bis nonHBV.KHi, reprtod that he was Mgagj
in ttse sHMe court at cnaM tuA attcsHi t
cotireiitios, lt woaM wake a rJv at
early date. The oMmMttec ea rvMttstw
retKirtpd the followsag j4atfn:
U'mbbeas, Hy a vscmmis aa4 nsekWs a
niMtratsna of jmMsc aCsira t have te
our iaiatries cn4l aMl oar ntile i
lac4 to waat aa4 misery; aa4
VVhkklas, Oia pubucal arties asler s t
Kef, bat an, on Use eoatrary, renpomiMe f
this sal state of thiags havistg leskt4 1
variably in the iatcrvst of the few at tise e
lease of asanv; agaiBt the mterest of Lu
aa labor, which are the soarces of all weak
and we call hxi the wople to decline thi
ialeea4eacc treat these fake gaales awl a
in rogaiaiag the pnosJeea nchta l)aaathvil
as by oar patriotic Mres. To this esxl we i
vite the cb-epcrattosi of every good ottM
aad oger the toilowMg resoialMa enanewto
f the pnacii4es of the Natsoaal tirveaba
LaImt arty ot Massachusetts:
7?eorerf. That taaca of the preseat lgu
tsoa aad ot of sovefasaent is a hage swind
ataoa the tadartne of the oaaatrv. preeor
aad laststatcd hv pfaaderers to all th
pirses and provide toy for those who mnatn
llb-rty Mu - R.ive- mrHt ImikxI ll'J
MtiUmcn?,raimT be uptoe d '.r V. 1 ,, "'
tlie lew at m. cxih-lm ot the n"' ...JS
s,run nUl a-ll '
late the (dc tack the eaece aad u j cj-bji.-a ot lb itrstftcd clitaate and re
ballot Ummo. aad that just aad eoeal law ductions. We are drawinc to ourelt es
aadhoaostacd oMsoaskal pstraaMMt bmm
caa aad shaB be osUMMhe'L aU idate M i
aiatheyhMatleWBMaaed atanx!""
rate per eapiu by coiutMutMaal aaMatdaset i ctmv H,4er- svwew ot utswu
so that perauneal jastaee bmv be de to . tions rounded out, joined, wound up in
ihch by
satae.
haviag
geBeral raMes
resiaMi t
l!ftfi. We deataad the i owned site res
of the resaasptioB act that eniih(ri1 coratvi
of bankruptcy may forever oume to aa oe
and that oar natsoaal weahh be made the fix
aad rekaUe foaadatxta of r taaaettrr w
teas, fcrrrer liaasshaag the sdiotsc wcotMt
of asakiag costasodMies of shifuec values a
arudrs laerchaadsse bke gidd aad tfa ;
basis fr atoaef,-. a basts tssat ever has as
1M, 1SI5, 1S3I, 1S5T. aad ever asusC none '
teally stop eat Irvm aader each maeCarv si
W thZehv dttv.a- it aad 4faVt
coeatr)' tats rasa and bankruptcy, a baM th ,
.. v o -
eves Kegfcmd has never beea able to auut i
for any great length of tie. aki. tie
the creatter saun ot the worM. .
ArW. That the Uaked Suts sh.
Bever ii-e any more mterest beartag Imo ; erwHU?, wnence rngianu oenviM we 18
aafces the saute are aatbonsed by a dirt j sfjiration, aitd iiom Englaml it was
vote if the people, aad these issued dan iMIWLiiiliUim,UiR. I a
the war of the nrfeeiboa shall be paid as fc ,
as Usevaiatureaooordiagtetheteras.of t
ran,' ttiM, mtlu.nuJ -uJ fh
isehtedaess of the peetde. aad what th
cub tract is shall be subasitted to the dot l
ofTJsesu-ffeiBeeo.ofthe United 6Uta, ai !
ongusal CHHtract are hereby denoanotd
creatures
pealed.
of eorraptsoB, aad nsatt be I
j:td. That the labor bureaa
should
sastataed, its ids of etatsaas
eriarge
its ottteers eectd frwm those enaaced is i
dattnal jmrsmts aad bavtag the eoandeii
of the isdastnal classes f the oocaaM
wealth, for the parpdse td Vtaiar
reliable stxtiitics to fena a basis for lat
bgeat legulatioB ea labor aastsoai, p
any with regard to the hoars of labr, whi
shoald be redaced in prefiortioB as the use.'
machinery increases, and is ooasorawty w i
other causes which threw wage werkers tt
of csployiasBt.
Jiemlf'xL ihxi land of equal fmIatt
capaaty shall be subject te caal taxatH
whether cultivated or not, to the ead M
laal moBOpiduts in fa tore way be hehhi
check, and that the paUse doasaia ssaye
preserved to actual tillers ot the sett.
J.'esoteecf, 1 aat the liberties of tms tc
imperatively dtoaaad th&t the far re&ekg
ana deadly liasd of cajatal as it apoearca
the famous moftojioly known as the assoeud
pres taast be torn from tee throat of pate
intelligence. The telegraph eeatpaaics rut
toaoniper!el,JailyUe'r j
be conditional or exoreuiBg the right of bat
. pkii. uiC Itat hihhl araae ?
is a revolution of Democratic pnacirJe id
tends to corrspt the Legislature aad all sh
odious restrictions should be ababshed.
J!telrd, That no twrsen shoald be tasd
for that which he owes, in ether word. r
purposes of taxation all perseas shall ire
the naht to deduct from the value of tar
estate the sum of the mortgages thereon, h!
said mortgages should he assessed to penis
to whom they are due.
UetolraL That the system of lettingut
convict labor by contract is detnmeuuta
the interest of the werkingrnen and sbonlbe
abolished.
llcnokvl. That the public lands are he
property of the jieople, therefore they shild
bo reserved lor actual settlers aided in tar
settlement by the Government and pro toed
in their possessions by just laws.
i ne resolutions were unanimously added
and the convention adjourned.
It is not olten the Aetc Xorifawttus
anything complimentary to Bay of lm
ocraU, so this about Tom Caton we "in
sider a double distilled cotnplitiiit
'liou. llioinas . (Jaton was ntnt
nated almost without oppofytion for ol-
egate to Congress from Washington er-
ntory by the Democratic conveilon
held at Vancouver last week. Mr.
Caton is a man of probity and Iidor,
and ono identified with the intemi of
the Territory." .
Ik't any member of the LegislHire
eufJlciently intcrtited in hh bodynd
the lives of his fellows
in Oit-ioj
to
introduce a bill prohibiting quacksnn
practicing medicine within our Sitel
This is a most imj)ortnnt nmtter Sub
ject of "life or death," aud should h at
teuded to immediittx'ly.
4orR cou.vTRr.
Itrrctirr'a ljit I-clurr In C'nllfornln.
A litrqe atiiliouco gathcrtnl in tlse
(mini Ojeni Huumj laM TlmrMlay oven
in to liwir tlio farowtll lectiirv of Uv.
Htsnrj- Wanl lWcher, his slijcrt be
iii "Our Country." Oh the stage were
sealol Chief Justico Walltice, S. (linton
Hubtinps .IuJ- AVallatv, of Nnjw, ami
a uuinbirr of other ttromitiviit Kojle ami
lHonoorH. .liaise Hastinrx, w1m r.ro-
siiletl, turnc! a comlitnont neatly for
tin lecture r by nitroUHcnig the audiuttcv
collectively to the lecturer itibtead of the
usual form of introducing the xker.
31 r. Btcchcr, in torn, becauiu ooiujvli
Hieutary, lavi;4iitig his adulation uj-ou
iHr State, tellitig liou- in the few UaVH
he liad Uin lien; his oxiectatioiis had
turned to aduiiration, u'as on the way
to entkuMotn, and if he were to stay
king might riy to the coMgnttHlntion
that he fonl to exist among onr hh4.
He then exjiatiatod on the novel Uteta
of onr tstttnral advantages of gengrahi
cal KMition, natural resources ainl cit
nMte; things of which e have a faint
recotlection of hmting mentioned ohm
wht're Wfote. Yet, on t'je lieols of this
ito gave our jiridea fall by n-mitiding hs
that '"for all this local excetlunce ami
Uses? various troMwra, there is yet the
greater glory that yon belong to the na
tion; titat yon are a constituent oientcnt
of that great continenul comnKHtwoalth
on which to-day center the eyra awl in
terost of the whole tbinlring -work!, for
tbe exjH'riwents that are in band to-day
uoh his itt of the conUnent are ox
Kiments in which the whole buusan
faatily aie interotid; exriments tbat
mjoire &uck a sphere and which are toe
ing developed to reuhe; which cam in
tketn the welfare of Mankind. The
e&ker then dilated wjh the esements
of groatnots in our nation, its vat ex
nane of torritorv, hnioveneou6neN of
institutions, ami its popubKion, and the
the biood, the vimtk, the genius of te
,.j.i . j .i . .i i
T", . " "
lull nay, spreading over thousands ot
miles either way front eaet to west, from
north to south, tbc great army of States,
marching in single tread in one
direction, under snbnUntialty the
same laws, the saw constitutions, the
same judicial systems, aarcking with
the same general industn. with the
same uttdfttlviax ftriaeiisb-s wksck war
t i ,
. . . . . , ' t'
ihtt w keru llb-rty was
isoi uvni m vaseooa.
. 4 .
"We ate indebted
for the firt sentiment of liberty to that
rK)W.. .-.J. tke I4it fawdausel
, , ' . . , 1 ,' ' ,1
anis n arie auew in tue .ewi-
, . ,-, - ' .
ve tdiown tlmt hberty mean; Al
is the foutstlaUOH of the fssJl State a
fonndation that dees not rock with every I
BBJ r.O.nu. tiA 1. iL,t
, W U-1
nueation
ketesvsiWe whether it is wise to
rather
these men of all classes men of free
cultuie and men of no culture ami to
submit free institutions to their yic
It is a question that lfenbaml nobody
of wise taan on the earth voukl have
dared to adjueated ia the affirmative.
I You would not and I would not. Hut
God has shown that it is safe to commit
our interests to the hands of mankind
as to ourselves. The seaker then ;ro
eeeded to describe some of the exjeri
ments and tests to which government
has been submitted, and wbick it has
stood. The first consideration of every
colony when founded here was to sc
arate itself from the possibility of op
iruasMHi, ami the little ootnmon wealths
in Virginia, in Delaware, in 2cw Jer
sey, ami the further shores of New York,
said with stnblKMTi jealousy and resolute
determination that tkere should be no
oantrninnnt Avtmulinl nvor tLnm litit
that the only government that existed
first stefis that wete made toward union
were of great difficulty. Four or fire
unions were made, but it was ultaost im-
-
sible to bring them together in last-
in:; unity, ami it was at lost onlr the
actual necessities of war that brought
them together and cemented their union.
When the war of Indciondonec was
over it was by a lonj struggle that they
sJiesl their first teeth and took on their
second ami jrmanent, when the Con
federation was exchanged for the Cousti
tutton under which we now live; it was
bv tie sutitrresion of bear and the com
promise of feelings of which we hare no
adequate idea, no vital aud realiz
conception. Once established, the ques
tion became, ill a Confederate (.tovem
incnt, a repuldic framed of indotwndent
States, yet undor a dominance of a na
tion which bos no other power except
that which is given it by those States,
be able to livel If the doctrine of abso
lute sovereignty or State tights that pre
vailed on tlie one band or that of fedcra.
supremacy on the other, it'could never
have lived. As it is, the htatcs stand
ing in their individuality arc jointed
into each othcrand like the links of
bracelet; if there is nu upheaval in the
West, for instance, everv btate is
joint, so that it becomes a local upheaval,
and does not extend any whcie else. Ite
ticttlation holds them together, not in
juxtaposition alone, but also in a certain
political unity, at any rate long enough
for the adjustment of differences that are
in any locality. Wo have learned in
modern times that sameness in poverty
and that differences are riches, nnd it is
the glory of this nation that it is made
up of 30 or 40 Governments related to
the General Government, yet each inde
pendent, acting ouch for itself, and yet
each interacting ami holding the other,
togethei like the links of a chain. Other
teats through which our form of govern
ment has parsed, were uirmtioncd. It
was questioned, Is it safe for obedience
to law aud for order tliat men should do
as they jdeasel for that is the way in
whkk self-government sounds in mon
archical Kuropu. Will not men imtur
ally run to the animal! Will they not
naturally intlaine their passions ami give
loose to tlnuil Was therv'aiiy govern
ment on the face of the earth, for the
lost hundred years, that has maintained
suck social order, sueh obedience to law,
as the Auorioau Govern went lias, and
gone through such emergencies of jkjv
etty ami wealth, of agitation, of nit ear
tine e iU of the most gigantic character,
of wars ami rufurmatiott out of wais.'
I tell you tkat a refiuUicau government
ever an intelligent and free jojdu is the
most oonservAtit e' governiuent on the
face of the mirth. The gauge of a na
lion's labile iotab is the oomlitiou of
the bouMdtokl, and I challenge all the
world to look upon tkis infuliible ther
mstaeler of the morality of tke Ameri
can jeepK Where motherhood more
intelligeatf where is fatkerkooI more
reigiom4 vhere is kotne dearert w keie
w tke kousekold purer and nobler than
in America, where tke family ami tke
home altar awl home thlelities and home
kve aie tke free fountains out of wkick
sfring our industries an4 our ambition!
Kxcefit here ami tkere, where tke
breadth of a foul literature has lcen
bruatked uion our tkither skorus,
throughout this bmd virtue ami the no
ble retigioiss fervor of tke Ckistmu iiouse-
boid m one of those elements of strenstk
and of jturity and of endurance w hich
ckaracteriaw rettubUean eoernment.
IxKi, then, too, at tke sanctity of prop
erty, (overnmenth abroad are made
g by tke maintenanee of civil or
der and tke rights of proerty, and it kaa
aiaairs been feared on tke other side
tkat m a refsubticau government, where
laws are supposed to sfu-tng from tke
paisiona, pretudiors and ignorance of the
eofsle, tke teasdeney would be to wate.
to uWroy and to unseUle. I lot in a
land where everr vouwr man exicts to
Hronertv, where tke miltiou of
kae tkis bolv ambition to leave
tkeir children kicker in tke jdane of life
than they them elves when tker were
orsiained into tko houekokI, in a pubiir j
tentiment formed in a union wkete all
Amerieans out ess the soil in fee
stmsde, you may raise a temf orary head
in dtur batter here under ecvu.l eircum
stances; but to undertake to break up
tke ftsoaJation of prof rty am! to wreck
tke stability of affistrs would be as pru
Masterotts as it woukl be to undertake
to change tke course of tke sun in tke
Heavens. AppMuse. No here oke
under the sas. are there so many men
intereated in the stability of prtjrly
wkick is tke founds Don of libertv and
order. Then it k obieeted tkat e arc
JMHl tt"h
a small totsulatMm.
and tkat we have bad no severe test
tlsrougk Slate jealousies. That might
have been said 30 years ago: it can
hardly be said now. Tke sj mker then
gave a sntHtMHt account f tke growth
of slavery ami its extmction in tke civil
war. Where, ke aked. lsas there been
cancor wkose rojts bad run through
commerce and industries, whoe roots
bad run even into tke schools and pul
pits, where can you find a cancer so
deep, so virulent, tkat has liecn cut out
bv tke sword so safety as tkat has br a
eepte tkat are Mdf governiH ami under
insututaona et treetiomi then l was
told in England again and again, Yo
have hot seen th- last of tkis vear vet
watt-til! you dnband your armies, end
kerne, the thousands and ten of thou
j a
samis to waste ami to not ana to rav
ace. ' Tkere baa been ravarins ami riot-
it bas been men who staml at
home tkat did it. ami not those that
went ts war. fLanshter.l rlnallv
ca e tke disapointing of the croakers
in the bv-t ro4iecy, viz: in that arising
from -the burden ot debt incurred in car
on the war. There was as dis
tinct an attempt made at carrying a
scheme of repudiation as ever was made
in any direction. The proposition ad
vanced was repudiation to the cote, and
was to limleistood bv eerv voter Irani
Minnesota to the extieniest cape of Flor
ida, ami the Iieoide saw that debts that
wen." incurred to pay for our boys in tbc
field sliall be disclmrKed to the last
j eii ii v. lAtMMUic.l it waa not the
IXew Englamlei! nor the No Yorker,
nor the Pennsvlvanian, it was the Ger-
man vote, tho foreign roto that very
largely turned the scale, and we owe it
larrclv to them that we are not a nation
of rotHidtators to-day. Renewed nj
idause 1 The result of all these testa
has been to strengthen the
ami the Uw, to rc-otablish our constittt
tions aud greater faith on the part of
mankind m the possibility of free gov
orament Wo have not yet complete
all the tests to lie made. We have al
kinds of jwople here drawn from every
nation under tlie sun. This great mil
is grinding all these nationalities to
gether. These great jiooplc are not sit
ting down in intrenched camps. They
are mingling and assimilating. Hie
J question arises whether wo are comiet
elit to-day to decide, as wo have thrown
upon tho mass of people, all questions
of military athtirs and public interest
questions of riolitical economy, all qtics
tions of finance and the relations of cap
ital and labor. Whether wc are willing
or not, God is willing, and he is bring
ing it ujion.us, and for ono I reverently
thank God that tho time is coming on
whatever feljciousness there mar be here
and there. It is the movement from
Winter to Summer. ' For the thing most
to le feared is that men sliall not in
struct themselves m regard to the gunt
elements of the social" structure. Tin
brent danger is material izatnm whi
teutment with mere eating ami drinking.
What wo want aliove everything ete is
tlmt the common eopte, aud the bob
torn, shall lie made to think, to read, to
digest, to determine questions that ho
long to the uhol" nation. Applause.
I have tho iwnt enduring faith, that
time Iwing given, there will always come
out of such free discussion good, and
only good. Sweating labor way have
some good thought worth adopting. It
was the cry of oppression tkat raised up
the strength to bruuk I'haiajh's rod. I!nt
if tke dtsensason has no gu"d in it, noth
ing will so soon relieve tke agitation and
fear as to tt it to the roof by tke ut
most libc ty of tltftCBMsHMi. Wherever
it may lead tt, let dtscumiou le free.
Aj4uuae. Sutr, will vim jrmit me
to make a few SrUggestiona. Deferen
tially as becomes stranger, suggeativn
not Hjon observation among you so
muck as njion principleei wkick hare
been adjudicated and tested elsewhere,
for I supios you will admit jul for ar
gument's sake than it is imjMible to
iajunve even California A jiphiusej; wy
suggest to thoughtful mind ami can
did tkat it will U- a groat advantage to
tkis State wkeu tkat unneeessary imiettts
for sodden wealth shall kae spent itf4f.
ami when tkis State shall have settle!
down to a habit of small fortune sbiwly
obiained. Tke mischief in society of
bringing extremes of pro)ity and ex
tremes of poverty together are not few
nor are tke dangers smaU. I believe
that all under-society is ptefited by the
wealth of tke up(r eksssos, by thetr
learning, by tkeir privilege, by tkeir
luxuries, if they aie not corrupted lux
uries. I hold that the beginning ckasea
in societv need moiets and exemidars.
ami tkat tke ciamtBcation of society ss a
blessing to tke imd-!a.es. tirovided
alwavs tkat men do not allow thensseltc
br their so I priority to break the sacred
chain of fellowship and of sy mthy. I f
sudden fortune be arrogant, it m akmg
more of human naturu than it k apt to
stand, that it shall see great fortnsasM of
lower being erected in their prasonce
ami threatening tkeir personal indesav
dence and not ami ;oni fault, ami not
seek some remedy. Tkere k no rU in
a lajitiiisali! prosfrity; thef e is no peril
the cmWneaUon of sooetr. The
only peril that perpotasslly haunts free
coniHiunities is the los of gtAI felkw-
hip between the ton and the lttom.
Take care of tkat ami wu have nothinc
to fear. Mining is rabtantial1y a mat- j
ter of lottery, and I don't know that you
ran kelp it or kinder it. neirertheiess it
an injury. One man makes and 999
are slaughtered. I I-io hw and
applause. May 1 suggust that the
relsc of the u4ural life and of the ptan
lation Nie should be done away with.
not by the violent infraction of vested
right, but by the steady, gentle ofera-
ttou of public sentiment, and that large
holders of land should make haMe to cut
them up into small farmo, and that it
should be the endeavor of this Slate to
mare rnore klurers. more small farm
ers, more householoingj', for the power
of tke Suite will cotssist in tke small in
dustries and not in the occasional elevat
ing of one man itk a mountain of gold
for bit throne, Applause. 1 know
that nations that most do prosr. nm-
mr most bv such a sub-lit ision of labor
as makes human sooetv a hive of indus
try. 31 ar I a bo sest that vou will
never be blest in this great Stat-, ith
suck a j-ower of wealtk and jirtduction
as this, unless you secure for yourvdves
an intelligent common 1-cooW Mar I
be iermittel to say tkat in addition to
books and ncwspeers, wkick spread
theii saintly covering ever ssrek a multi
tude of sins, may I be rntttted to say
tkat the welfare of California oo?bt
more than research for silver and gold,
tke bidden treason to be in tke research
for intelligence, tke bread of schools that
i to sbaqm and brigkten the human
understanding! I may say that tkere is
no .economy so pttMllanimous, so unin
telligent, so wanton, so wasteful, so ielf
destructive, as a mean economy toward
universities ami schools for tke common
people. Applause Woe to the State,
where the imblic schools are sutlbcatod
ami arc shabby, I sav more than this
the iwlicr of a free State that wants
to save itelf from the rufnan hand, that
wants to sec projertr and roiectAbi!itr
uiion firm foundations, the iiolicr for
such a State is to give eyes to the blind,
to give life to the dead, to give know!
edge to the men ocsottcti in ignorance.
We liave no other safe foundation than
this, ami if vou are to do tins vou must
honor tho profession of teaching. Do
you know that the bulk of yon- teachers
never take it up as a business for lite!
They take it up on the war to something
else. Tlie soul with
takes it up as a sta?e of two or three
Summers on the road to mairiagc; the
young man teaches that he may gather
beforehand the means to go to college,
to study law or medicine. Teaching
is a makeshift the militia of our civil
ization. You never can have successful
teaching until you make it a professtion
for life. Men must devote themselves
to a business to get the best fruits in
any direction. You recognize this
where there is no matter involved. No
random man k picked up by chance to
Lake care of rour hore. on take
man whose business it is who under
stands it thoroughly nnd practical. It
is onlr when it is rour children concerned
th.it will put up with anr comer, ami
your considerations are two can ho read
and write decently, and will ho take the
lowest pay! This spmt of treating tench
era is a vandal spirit, of-vrliicli every com
mar ity ought to be ashamed, and for
which it should put forth fruits meet for
rej e itance. Tins mutter of education
should never be a matter of dollars and
cent, as to whether yon can get it a lit
tle cheaper or dearer. You ought to
Mty a teacher so that he can alTonl to
make it his business for life, so that he
can afford to say in the presence of men,
"I am of that honorable business, a
racber." You help to dishonor them if
ou Kaetiee a miserable economy in
your sckords. How much better if you
koukl lose half your lager beer and
wine tlian to lose your school. I may
add tlmt among tlie virtues for which
California k cqoshcuoo I have not
learned that church going k one of the
moit eminent. Laughter May I
wbkper to you that it has been wlds
pered to me that leading men and the
most active men in California don't care
abut religion, and that the elders and
the deacons and class loaders of the
East all will wilt away when they come
to the atmonphere of California. Laugh
ter. Leaving out of consideration the
future life, I say that no iroperty is
safe, ami no State k safe, unless some
where or other there k an educated con
science among tke common people. You
cannot afford to say to the great mass of
men in whose bands is your boose and
your mansion ami your store and all
your rofrty. There k no God that
you need think about and there k no fu
ture that you need to dread and no du
ties that tke church can teach you. I
tII you unlesa you are instructed in the
conscience in the relations of right aad
rong in regard to property classifica
tion, unless men are educated in there
thing. You are standing where Sodom
and Gomorrah stood, awl if there should
come up flames from beneath to burn up
your dwellings, you may think your
selves for it, as having neglected the in
struction of tke common people.
3Ir. li-ceber ehed with a feeling ae
knowledgment of the kindness he had met
with here, and a benediction ujon oar
people ami State.
Federal Expenditures.
The Press was ashamed of its article
on expenditures, as it deserved to be,
and new it tries in an elaborate leader to
sutisy its readers that the Arytu was in
error and roundly deck res "the RcpebK
cans have made far greater savings than
Iemcrat.' Itk very careful, howei tr,
not to let its readers see the orSckl fig
ures of aftproprktions which we pub
lished and from which it a p -cars that
the appropriation have txen less br
eiehtv-eisbt miRions (70,6 47)
during the kut three rears when the Re
publicans bad control of all branches of
the soremment.
Neither kw our neighbor see fit to
state that the IfepaUican Senate was
determined to increase the apttrepria-
tions and did insert amendments aad in
sist u)uh them to the amount of twenty
stx millions of dollars (6,1593 43).
but for which amendments the ml co
ats in the three rears would have
amounted to one hundred and fourteen.
millions of doUar. (8114.7. 02V.
Tbk shows the action of the Kepnbli-
can Senate. It constaatlr opposed the
Economic reforms umlertaken br the
House. Its irsiMcnce in opposition
ks notorious. Conference committee
after conference committee, on the tart
of the House insisted on the reductions
ami were not able to get them any lower
than stated atove without defeating the
bills altogether and raakin: an extra ses
sion necessary, which on the whole they
thought best not to do. They stood out
long enough, however, for the people to
see just what were the facts in the case.
as we have again ami again presented
them.
llet if further woof were needed to
conclusively elabtkh the economies of
the Democratic House and the opposi
tion thereto bv the Republican leaders
and heads of deor:menta, the estimates
presented to Congress bv the fcecretarr
of the Treasury last December of the
amounts that ought to bo appropriated
br ijonsres? furnish this evidence.
These estimates aggregate one hundred
ami seventy-six millions fs 176.226.-
3.1 21). To these are to be added spec-
1 additional estimates ccecdimr six
millions sent into the committee on ap
propriations after the regular estimates
were made ami added to the above make
the total estimates of the Secretary, one
hemlrvd and eighty -two millions, (S1S-,
326,318 31 ), while the appropriations as
actually pased amount to only one hun
dred and llfty-seven millions ($157,213,-
933 1 1 ). In other words the Republi
can Secretary of the Treasury stated of
ficially that the appropriations ought to
be twenty-five millions ($2.!.012,114 43)
greater than were made. And this hun
dred ami fifty-seven milions of appropri
ations includes five and a half millions
for the Halifax award, rtitce millions to
make good the navy pay misappropriated
by Robeson, together with other items
for new service, d-jemed proper bat not
appropriated for in previous years.
These sums are not fairly included ia
tho usual ordinary expenditures and
Mr. Atkins, chairman of tho House
committee on aprropria tions, says that
denuding them cho appropriations as
made at the last tcssion amount oaly to
the sum of one hundred and forty-four
millions ($141,000,833 00) as tho net
actual appropriations for ordinary ex
penditures. We Live giren official figures. Darn
tho Tress publish them and then under
take to show that they are wrong. We
thiuk it will be slow to enter ujxm tho
task. It is not a record which Republi
can Congressman seeking a re-election
llaCmft f Mrs tuuvnln fs ew - . .
4