"THfrm"
V-
OREGON
csa
"- ifiM-iHr iW.ysnaTi-r
st-st fuwva
Vol, 4.
Wcelwarel tk flar BaqHre
- .!
mufwb
nwMfiii' ta34
J I
Oregon City, (0, T.,) Thursday, April. 4, 1850.
WILSON 1LAIW, MlMr.
010. 1. OOUDT, Mat.
"
SlECTATOi.
UJtMltowar," n0 M
BOilWlSg CARDS,
o. ii. couch. uur
COUCH & CO.
WIIOI.KHALK It UKTAII, MERCHANTB,
rolTUK, IMM TUUUTMT.- ,
9.tWt4fJIM.
ii. miii
.1 I
JNO. a. SIISaSUN,
tno. m. coicii.
DO D a. NIIMIN,
HTAKK At CO.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.
tint to Wm, M. Watmora, my, New Yoik.
Mnn Weimar fcCrkdtr, "
' Ta)loc eVMnnll, "
" Wrtnmr it Co ('anion
Oct. 4. IMS.
o. iiiaKiM, sssjmii Taa,
enw'ri a aiiiaytN,
SHERMANS .V STARK,
COMMISSION MKRCIIA NTS,
nrvv max uiTr.
on 4, 10(8.
"" f.AV NOTIClC
J. QUINN THORNTON,
ATTORNKY i CorX.SKI.OU AT LAW,
AMI SOLICITOR 1.1 elMNCI.HV.
Offif in l rati l Wil IlKfl, opiltt
tkt lit irk Slerr
UiruiiCity, Ocl.4, IH49.
aTaT.HKINNP.R,
attorney 4 corns r.i.an at law
anii mil.lCITon IN rilAiri.RV.
OjKft an H'ffl tlif H'.irrr Stint,
obs,ju utr
Or I H. H9.
nr Ai.'"sriiiii.
I'llYSICIAN ASH SIHUI'.OS,
iMitiin l tic Ha .Miiaa.
Hirfml'll), Nov TJ, IHia Cm
j-I'."aTw.C. llol.MAN
HAVr' funned a ro partl,rlln, ami ',ll arrji
un hali.1 a taml) of III) (luli awl tir.
intra The) would Willi a tmall )ltiuii of cut-
lulll
Hit I, l'l
A lll'UH,
MERCHANT AM) TRADER.
IIKRllON I m.
Jamil) iM.le&O II
KMMIV1' .V HOAR,
ATTORNEYa COUNaKLORH,
MN IKA.VISCII.
atria ti
Cot-Ill .1 Co I'wllelid, Oregon Trrril'iiy
Juiii Mi Latum in, Oregon City
Sfaa A ('! Man FiauriM-o.
January-ill, IHJO-ly
gi:orgk (iimis,
CUVSSM.OK AT LAW,
SlllrMNO AMIl CUMMUdCIAI. Al.li.lT,
Cuttom Hniur ltmldmg;
ItTOIHi
WII.I. allrlid lo all Iiiimii'm rulifulitl In In tit
In Ihr preparation C liRal p-r. Ilir
loading and din liarg uf YrM-L, ieo-iing run.
eif niiienta fol aalre of stupfe, ''
airrxacta.
CmrilLL a, HhITII. Oregon Cily
Cut. H'm. V. Lubiku, "
I.UI). M. Faoar.llrgt'lQ M.. "
Urn. John Alula, Atloria
January 1U, IHSO-If
ROHERT CAl HELD,
mar.lU'HANT atul general dmlrr in Hr
i.f JjJ, Coode, ttlocenreaiid Pludtn-e, m
Main Strut, ntmi tkt irulgt.
Oct. 4, IS IX
P. A. CIIKNOWK'I'II,
A7TORSKY o COfNSELOH AT LAW
AMI SOLICITOR IN CIIANCI.HV,
WII.I, uVrola lila rutin lima and rnrr(ira In
buainma Oltirr on Main alirrk
Otrgou City, Krb. tll( 'i0 ly
W. W. CTaI'MAN
ATTOHNKY 4 COVSSIU.OR AT LAW,
romi.ANti, niir.tioN.'
I'atlUnd, March 1, IHiO. if
AHIl.MIAM sn.cKU,
COMMISSION MKRCIIANT .J- AHUNT
rOIITI.ANI), ONM.ON.
On liaod IS00 pmiiula lubacco,
700 do aad iruu,
I caak UmiIiIuu Ullrra,
I caak canrncr urfiyrmunt
airiaiMta.
Urn. liiLtr, I'. H. A , California.
Orn. P. F. HallTil, " Orrgnn.
lltviD H. Hiown Si. Co l'lllludrlplila.
P. I.TlTVi,Nw York.
Kkdicott A. (iatiai, San Fianclaco.
January 84, I6i0tf '
OKO. AHEIINUTIIY As CO.
MERCHANTS,
OIIKIiON CITV, OIIKIIOX TKIinlTORY.
du. AikaxrTiir, iiixam clark,
jao. . Illl.
Mitrcli9ltl, 1850-lf
LAW NOTICK.
fllllK undrai(nrd would rrajirolfully Irnder
JL hit profoaaional aarvicM lo Ilia iublie. Until
ho rrtaUiHiM an office, ! may n coruultrJ at
lila rea'dene! or il the oflka of F, A. Cheuowolh,
ran. Ilualneaa l(t with Mr. Chcnnwolli will re
call my prompt attention.
1 r ' W. T. MATLOCK.
March 51, IWO-lf
CMUfnita.
Wo iorhapt owe an apolofy lo our
Catirornla nolghbori for not nofloing tbtm
oftener thao w have dono ; but , f ..P
otuU ftimtyaje-'cm ife ftvtmip tjhM' -te
(ho arrjral of llie fart mall, we hire never
received a regular (Mo of pipera from San
Pranciaco, Now Imving a complete filo
of tlio ipcond voluino of tlio Alta Call.
fornia up to February 33, wo aro ablo to
furiilih our reader with iuito a vyicty
of ncwa items.
The Lrglalaturc of California met at
Pul)!i ilf San J'imj on tlio l.lih Dfucriibcr,
and un atill in 'iii)M at our latrtt datcii.
Tint Moimnti of tiov. Ilurnelt iauiub.
hinntial oml huiinvaa.like document. Il
bringi th" loading interrsts of tho new
State hi-foro I In: l.rglalatiire in a clrar
ond strong maniior. On lire whole we
are much pleaacd with the (iuvernor'a
plana and auggolluni.
In rnpard tothe ijuention what will Col.
ifhrnia dn, in the event oflhe rejection by
C-ingrcaa of their applicotlon for u'linli
aiun aa a Ktaln, the I'ovrrnoi'a wntimuiilt
hrrallie tbnt spirit of nationality and pa.
Inutixm which all should jIiltiIi. Itoad
I he following :
'Tlio firnt tUi'tioii )iut har lo deter
mini' is wlitthiT you will proceed at once
uith tin' general Im-ineM of leginlntiun or
auuit the iiulion ol Congrrha upon tlio
ii"itiiiu of mir uilinmiioii into the Union.
The Lonvinlion wh ch forimd tho con it i.
tinion iindt-r which )oii liaie rtsacmbled,
and the K-oplr uhuralilied it with no great
iiunuiinity lnue wtllcd that (otion for
thiiiicli' ; hut they hur not aittlcd il
for )ou or fur me. 'I'liu notno oath that
j on mil Imve laLrn loaupport thu con.
Mitulion of California, alao obliges ut to
upirt Ihn rnntitiition of the t'nited
Siutt's; and when the prnWMoiu of the
twoiustruinriils cui.nirl, thu constitution
of our coiiiniou country must prenil.
The great instrument which now governs
mora than twenty million of inhabitants
and links in on common destiny thlrtv
slatra, and i to govern tho one hundred
millions that will won succeed us, and
the muny frre states yet to lie, must
claim our purest atTertMina, and our
first and highest duty. If then, it would
Ui iiiconoietinl with the just rights of the
United Slates, for you to proceed to put
tho Slutc governtiK nt into full operation,
before she be formally admitted into the
Union, )oii aIiouIiI without hesitation for
bear, and lease our people still to suffer
on, rather than iolute one single princi
ple of the grcnt fundamental law of the
land."
Wo do not profess to ho much of a law.
yer, yrl wo venture lo say that wo aro
lint entirely suited withtiov. II. 'a recom
mendation on the subject of "''itory law.
Il MnlieMis as not ex.tctl; .. to tho times.
We confess a w.i m partiality for tho re-iM-d,
or rnlher the rr farmed, system re
eently adopted by New York ; and lie
lieve it to bo worthy thu imitation of all
other Mutes. Th (inventor says :
"I have given the subject my most
careful attention for sninu ycum past ;
and as the rcnult of my own convictions,
I recommend the adoption of the following
codes, ko far as they lire npplicublo lo the
condition of the Stale, mid not modified by
the constitution or the vote of tho Legisla
ture. I. Tho definition ol crimes and mis.
demeanors contained in the Common Law
of England.
ii. Tho English Law of Evidence.
U. The English Commercial Law.
I. Tho Civil Code of tho Stato of
Louisiuua.
f). Tho Louisiana Codo of Practice."
On the subject of Ilevcnue, tho Gov.
urges strongly iho necessity cf direct tax.
ullon, and, in view of tho instability of
tho population of tlio State, ho reconi
mends that iho collector accompany tho
assessor. Tho following view of taxa.
tlon la good :
"The only nvuiluble and just modo of
procuring iho indispunsublo means of tup.
porting tlio Slate government, Is by a sys.
ten) of direct taxation: tho most fair,
simple, and just modo of taxation over ro
sorli.l to, Tho iK-oidu thou know dis.
linclly what iho blessings of government
cast them, and which is tlio moro desirable,
i plain republican government, admlnis.
lo'red upon economical principles, or a
moro cxlravouunt system of expenditure;
' nd if they should not bo willing to pay
cnougii to carry en nn economical
. - -
1 govern
ment, It would at onca aolve lha great
problem whether thay are capable ofaelf.
government or not."
TJIrMT"rifM MVM " H'
oullJWiW. fcnowiag'MoidlffHpar,.
grajrfrwMeli ia worthy'tn'e notice of every
cltixen of Oregon t
"No country can safely depend upon
an uncertain foreign aupply of the first
necessarioa of life. Such a aupply would
bo subject to all iho vicissitudes of war or
peace, would never bo regular, and prices
would alway bo fluctuating, either ex
travagantly'hlgh, or so low aa lo di scour
age importation. Tho provisions them,
selves are generally stale and unwhole
some, and no doubt ono half the discato
BUll'ercd in the country has arisen from
this prolific source. When those who
own auch Immense tracta of rioh, fertile,
and beautiful lands, now in atato of na.
lure, producing no rent or profits, shall
have to pay taxes upon llicm, In propor
lion to their value, they will find il to their
Interest to sell out portion! to those who
will cultivate Ihem; and thus encourag.
ingtho agricultural industry of tho coun
try, and at tho same time greatly increae
iug tho value of. the portions not sold. In
ilmN.t fifWn months tho number of cat
tie in tho country has been rapidly At.
cretui;, while our population has i'nrrea.
td in thu same ratio. Fresh meats aro
indispensable to our health ; and cannot
Ik) imported ; and if this stato of things
should continue only a few years longer,
the increased expenses of living will bo
so great, that mining and other kinds of
business must ccaso to be profitable. The
constitution makes it iho duty of the Leg.
isluture to encourage agriculture that
first and nobleat of all industrial pursuits ;
but I am not aware of any other means
a, present within your power than those I
huvo suggested."
The Message recommends the total ex
clusion of negroes from California, while
he admits that persons of every other '.'.a.
tion under Heaven arc, or may be, there
without let or hindrance. This is the
keen discrimination of tho age.
TUi flowing items will he found in
ter resting :
Tiir. OrricxRs or tub Ntw State.
The following is a list of the new Slate
olficers, Senators, and Representatives in
Congress, elected under the constitution
ratified by the peoplo at tin election on tho
13th Novemberlast, viz:
(iovcrnor Peter II. Ilurnelt.
Lieutenant Governor John McDougal.
United Slates Senators John C. Fre.
moot, Wm. M. Uwin.
Uepreaentalives in Congress Geo. W.
Wright, Edward Gilbert.
Secretary of Slate Wm. Van Voor-
lues.
Treasurer Richard Koman.
Comptroller J. 8. Houston.
Attorney General Edward J. C. Kcw.
en.
Surveyor General Charles J. Whit
ing. Chief Juitice S. C. Hastings.
Associato Justices II. A. Lyon, Na.
thauiel Dennett.
Latvvkis in California. The well
known correspondent of tho New Orleans
Delta, Capt. Tobiu, who cumo lo akis
country early last summer, and whoso
death nt Sacrumenlo city has been re
corded, in writing from Tobago, made the
following estimate, and all things consid
ered, vprv i ust observation:
Of nearly two thousand passenger
now between Chacrea and l'ana.ila, there
are about six hundred lawyers, and of
tliom lour liuniircu go inn wuu mo expec
tation of being returned to Congress, or
tho Legislature, at least ; seventeen aro
electioneering for tho gubernatorial chair,
and twenty-one embryo Senators are al
ready calculating the saving to be made
on the mileage allowed by UnclcSam from
San Francisco lo Washington, and back.
Tub Wintkr. Thus far tho winter
has been ono of incessant severity, com
mencing many week earlier, and no
oompaiued by more rain than the last, or
oren thaXwIntor of '47, which, it will bo
recollected by the older citizens of San
Franciseo1stumpled" the memory of tho
"oldest inhabitant" to produce a parallel.
We do not experienco tho cold weathor
which, at this lime last year, brought now
to the street of our city, and frozen fin
ger and loe to every convenient hearth ;
but we aro evidently receiving our full
ijuota ofmolstuVo. Tho heaven are con
liuually dropping rain; and a lo Iho
streets, there f
No walkisjrsf 0i wsy, no laeomotloo,"
nor has thcre'been slnoe first the floods
commenoed. We almost despair of sus.
mining Iho truth of thai contrariety which
ha been remarked la the olimate of this
place, giving to winter the moat obarmujg
weatharof all iIm year.
people. They an building houses in Bor
deaux, France, to send lo California, and
some have already been shipped from Bel
gium. Health or Sam Fiancujco. Our re
cord of mortality show that many death
have occurred in this cltv within the past
six month, and that the fnerease since the
cmmenoertMsM of the rain and lawlement
weather has been such a lo carry a
conviction le many minds, prejudicial to
thu general health oC San Francisco. It
is gratifying to bum, however, that the
numorou instance of disease and death
which we have witnessed aro tut attribu
table to local and permanent cause to
tho degree which would teem indicated,
and that we may more firmly than evsr,
notwithstanding the adverse influences of
sickness and suffering aa at the present
momegl they exist in our midst establish
the truth, upon well supported theory, of
the healthiness of this locality, unimpair
ed even by the hasty trowth of aieity.
rising into the comnltndleg importance of
a vast metropolis, and already numbering
a population of over fifteen thousand.
ARRiv-At.s at San Francisco. From
tho lUlli day of April, 1840, to January
UHtli, 1630, inclusive, tho passenger arri
vals at thu port of San Francisco, by sea,
is a follows:
American, 20,8 17 males. 010 females.
Foreign, 8,020 " 002 "
Total, .19,407 1421
Total males and females, 30,888. These
have arrived by sea, in eight hundred and
five vessels, to wit
American, 487
Foreign, 318
Total, 80S
This number of ships is exclusive of
army and navy vesaela, and steamers
wnicu nave amvru uuruiKins auove per
iod. The amount of tonnage arriver since
April 12th, and to the 20th of January is :
American, 228,420
Foreign, 03,800
Total, 294,238
Col. Jack Hays. Wo have a ready
noticed the arrival of Col Jack Hays, of
Texas, whose name and character are so
well known to our readers from trtry
portion of the Union. Col. Hay came
overland, by the way of El Paso and the
Gila, to San Diego, and thence by sea to
this place. We aro glad to learn that
the Colonel intendi to make California his
future home.
Petition to thr Postmaster General.
Below wo give a petition which waa
passed into our office yesterday, signed by
the first citizens of San Francisco, com
prising the principal mercantile firms of
this city. We entirely approve the sen
timents therein advanced, and conceive
the regulation of the mails between this
country and Panama to lie a matter which
should engage tho earliest attention of
our government. Nor is it necessary for
us to remark how cordially wo unite with
iho general wish that steam communica
tion should bo opened with Oregon.
On this subject we shall have more to
say anon.
To the Hon. J. Collamer, Pottmaiter Gen
eral of the United Slalttm
Wo the undersigned, merchant and
traders of San Francisco, California,
would respectfully call your attention to
tho many inconvenience and serioua loss
es in business to which we are subjected
by the manner in whloh tho mail service
in this state is conducted. We would in
the first place stale that it frequently oc
curs upon the arrival of tho mail from
Panama, that the return mail is dispatch
ed before it is possible for us to obtain our
letter from tho post office, thus depriving
us of tho opportunity of answering our
correspondents for a whole month.
We would In the next plaoo stato, that
tho mail is often closed twehty.four hours
before tho sailing oflhe steamer, we would
instance the first of February steamer;
thu mail was closed at 0 o'clock r. m. on
tho 31st of January and the steamer did
not sail unti the first day of February at
0 o'olock, r. K-TbJalslso groat an inr
conventenco thaUtconvpoIsroany to adopt
tho uncertain au&fasecure mode of sen
ding mail matter by private hand, there
by violating tho post office regulations.
Wo would also call your attention to
the fact, that there is no even tolerably
well regulated mall communication be
tween this city and tho Territory of Ore
gon, owing lo thi want of mail facilities
m
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