!
v,
?
L .
T .j v. i
5,-1
tECTATOR.
, amv, ranata.
, Mi MM.
'&Z.
Jmm..09tfmmat.,, bring In
m. iji atlilnjt - for Ore
at Ite Wet ioo. We
Malted in to oaaMent hop
Met aaysalatd with lb Hern
to aripaJaatioa or an tin.
WMNatat, aecompanied
Qaayeea woald at tho
It Oregon, aad
I roopond
Mki' lfCtful
with lb ma
state tot we
a." Thar may
liaaJ.MaaonnMtOMt-
dwaaro.agahset
j frwr;ai to Mtabllab-
tMM HTtteM
a Maaiy tragedy.
I upon it,
-4eraM-
I Jnjlaw,aW ftnmtnl
H fa uanicsesery to
i of Ul allege.
i af to hbtory of every
'ri Mjla la to Waa waaed Coagre oft ae
Baaappsye. tan eatiwgiinniiig mo m-
IH1 rrT." 7T T . - . .
. ,,- M IBa. mmtm vnieii aauiement
K MIMMnV WWINH mn
to tow aetaiaaaea by to atroog arm of
'MhMT twar. No clumtanc can
jaatafy to hag, aeld aad unnatural neg.
ilka Mate ar uregon aav re.
I at to haada afto anther country.
-;... ... - - L .1 llv. tin. nf
. u jrevr umilll w wi -v
' -T '"" . m
aa aalttataaataat, t ctuaea. oi uregon
ia war with all the
to Unary ) jrety ander theae
KWi aa pair grortHlog
to aid oa bae party
mtmmci ar aaaW w atetleaal jealousies,
T!--. w s -ti J f
VrBBUaaa WBWBV iwwn u iraui
HCMNM UW aaa atr lu. ngnt.
5"rTTTT . u s.-sj
fin -aaiM aawaiwa am. awcsuu ihm.
CJ, - -- a1 malnrA rfflA.
v jfMg p" -- --
Mn lawfai toafcewraca tb fnrmatloo
T aaaaalatWM Mr to aaMwfyl and forci
altf miiilaiafMwieteliwa, and weihouM
tol aaiatMaai W at oar beat endearora
M aVaaaaataaaaoa air aimtlar project
aaL aalaaa to praaenl Ooogrcaa ahall
W to akiaaaa of Oragon their long
aia, ImmI to middla of April
l tkaa. fifths citizen! of
Oragaa kawy ba truly aaid -" it i their
Kajfcl H k toir daty to prcrMs new
gauaafcr their future aeeurity."
Wa wooM aot ba underrtood ai tntimi.
tot tot to corarsBMnt of Oreson ii
Me lor iaeacieney the gorern.
mi arguJaad from neceatity, in-
aaryaaa temporary aecunty, and
to tot tot it aaatteuea to tbU day iii
aaaWaat wHiaoa of the integrity and
HjilMHy of m frioclpal otfcera, and of
to JatilUgiiai aaa ordeMoTing deroted.
aaai of ita aJataa.' "Nerer look a gift
bene ia the mouth" ia. an old saying,
waled eoataiaa moee truth than tatte, and
Wa aekiaaapUoable lo to mora important
etoereof this goTernment the duties of
mw at wbieh are retry eonsiderable paid
to ia a baggariy aawtet of rags." We
aal agau take oooaaion to speak of the
TigbH tad wroaga ol Oregon.
Tatllay
lasaCatset Bauage
-Vatil re) sally, the coast range of rooun
talaa fcaa beta supposed to form the imme.
toll tola of to Fatale; auch ia the ap
aauaaaf float to'eoa, but the fact is
atorwsM. Theooaatof the Pacifio has
aiaea asalorasj about one hundred miles
atatbafi to mouth of to Columbia, and
' to Ihta dbtuea to (fold rooky reef form
tag to above of to Paelfto ia found to be
alauaat from the coaat rug ormountalns,
aad eeaatated from it by a vary consider.
abU valley. Tab valley Is from about
twa to twelve ailiea ia width, mostly co.
vered with timber, yet containing many
aratrlaa, aoasa of which are aeveral miles
ia aat. The aoil of the valley ia deep,
biaak aad riob. toae of to prairies are
swvared wkaHgIorrf and other grasses ;
bat tor are awn usually covered with
rfjtoa, wkleb growa lo the height of eight,
tf wm mm my tan feet. Fern lands bare
aw aaaaiiy arofeesi lajni oountry ; yet
'a tall.' kass ontartk air bra (ndlnatea
k.9 Isats. daaa aoil. We hare freauenllv no.
Isted, tot where we bare seen fern grow.
jaf'towiakeat, the soil appeared loosest,
r.SSBBBBBaSI SI nSSSP. USI IS KIUCII
i'.&m bav aaaa ia to oountry waa mad in
T-I.S L . mimj
) IWapetah, whhout manure. The coast
"ff fttrnltoa to bead springs of sevc-
In) mall riven, Mm of-wliloh cross thli
valley, while other travana It Tor levrrsi
mute, ine river usually empty ino
bays, ame or which aroqutto spacious.
Tllamuko bay, situate about Tarty mile:
below Clatsop Plains, l eeral mile in I
axtantt receiving five rWers,tonio of which
are good mlll-ttreams two mile back of
this bay a prairie commence, varying
front one and a half to three miles in
width, and eight miles long. Below the
Tilamuke bay, two others havo been ili
covered, which are worthy of being not!
cad; the first of which is known to tho
natives bv the name of Celetse, mid tin
second by tho nsmnof Yaequina.
Celetse bav Is from a fourth of a mil
The I
ton
mile In width, three mllr long, and rr. f
celvesi the waters of ttto ritem. A bed of
excollent stone-coal has been discutcred
oa the bank of the Olrlv riter, ten inilo
from Its entrance Into the (elele bat .
There are several small rich let el prairie
oa the Celetso riter. The Yacnuma bav
is three fourths of a mile wide at its mouth,
from a mite to two and a half miles tt ide.
extends parallel with the coast from nv to
tea miles In length, anil is perfectly lirl.
teretl from the ocean wituN. There ii' been of the thickness of thrto inclin.
considerable prairie in the immediate ti I much an the winter rains of Oregon are
cinity of the Yacinna, bat. All the deprecated nlmd, the latu clear cold
rivers empttingjnur thrsc Imjs abound I
t.L 4..r'.....l .1... ..,!. I .1... i... .1
will, Baiiiiui, Hil'l vuii'i iisii. an, I lie' imi-
afford clamJ, cralw, A.C.. in aliuudance.
Within the Yacijuina bay the water is
deep, and the watcs roll into the mouth
from the ocean without any appnr nt oh.
tmction . Clatsop Plains, situate at, and
below the mouth of the Columbia, is the
only portion of the coast ct settled lit
whites, but other ortionsof the coast are
soon destined to teem w itli a healtht , bust
and flourishing population. Clt-p Plain
is justly famed for llie salubritt of ttsrli-
mate, and the rare productitenessoftege.
tables; the coast tallet Mow, must Is-1
equally healthy, and more prwluctite in I
grains. Pre t Ions to the broking out ot
the gold mania, arrangements were being
made for the careful sun ey of the Yacqina
Bay, and the establishment of settlements
upon its banks and at its mouth ; but that,
like most other home enterprises, as
crushed amid tho wild rage for gold dis
ging. We have before stated, and here
repeat, that Oregon remains jet unknown.
asjggestioas t atrsMtnre grow vrsand
barer la Oregon.
Many of tho farmers complain bitterlt
and justly at the small prices which they
receive for their produce at liome, while
so high prices are rcceited for it in Cali
fornia. .Not long since, in attempting to
encourage tho farmers, c stated that the
demand for tho necessaries of lifejrrC'ali.
fornia, would induce shipping trfseek them
In Oregon. One California brig is 'reaJt
in the Columbia, and to other trstols
are on their way here, in confirmation of
that assertion. The llour rargo of the
" Henry" has just sold for 8.'-1 per barrel
at auction, and flour will he still higher
Iwfnri. nest Jnle. Its ullmnllmi.ni c.,-. I
j . .., ..-..... v,.. ,
por barrel in San Francisco, shippers cun
well afford to pa) 8iO per barrel in this
fcity. The competition in the carrvini:
trade between Oregon and California, and
between San Francisco and the mines,
will bo materially increased in llie next
six months, and the prices of protlsinns at
the three points comparatively equalized
We understand from inincrs 'hat the Chili
. ., ......
Si: ..ill -,.i
. . "... a.-y,,u, ' H lllll 1'III.U IUI
good (lour, thsn a low price for poor llour.
.i.m.... -..r pay a nign pr.co lor
Orecon can control the nrnttsion mar.
ketofCslifomia, ur.lil supplies shall or.
nve irom tne Atlantic
Cities it is her1
privilege to do so, but in doing it, protision
buyers mount remember and respect the
Interest oftho farmers. If a war becomes
.... . .
general iu hurope, tho I niled States will
become tho csrrars for Iho world; the
United Slates surplus bread stulfs will
eek a market where the plough has been " draw up a stalommt of facts, rilititi
laidashle for the sword, and where the !" "T ""K'-ment of C.pt. P. Lawn,.,
. is . .
carrying trade calls her shipping j and the
proportion, and paying to iho farmi rs a
corresponding prlco for their surplus,
The earth is the source of all wealth, and
those whocullitalo it aro '.ruly said lo l
the life and soul of a tountry. Nothing
short of starvation, and tho nrcscrtationof
honor, should induco farmers to sill their
prouuce.i present price., when so high
price are paid In California, ami tho
means of transnortatlon loil.nn,. I..,i
by a Tair understanding, faithfully carriiil
ou., tho farmer, ami the monhan.s may
bcibsbaJaanefltcd. '
, . - -. ...,.. , ..Hl,
rU
Tho afternoon oftho 10th, thnSOih and
racmc traae win receno less attention ,mi for Ihe consideration of this meiling , "" ' 1 ""-" "" "'; ' '"' nrliculo on Iho wholosolinco orgeology."
than it otherwise would. Under tabling th" Mlowlng report. I t .. "P"' ,!' , "'l' '"" l"l''1,l'f01r' Sientlfio men aro no longer dreamer.,
olrcumstsncc, we.ugge,, the propriett ; Xtt 72? C g men, g.fii.rin, up ,h.
ol produce buyers holding flour br .1,1,.. MifigoUnTc 40 wagon, and .bm", fe"1' '-- Mdio ilnir il : ,,d facts of nature, and displaying .hem In
menl at some price not lev. than 815 per nf, ,.,,, t.aill0 nl0 ,,p , ,rvC,d ' I dr. filial the urih m ( alifurmu is won ir phllosophlcsl relations and bearings
barrel, and oilier articles of protision in hy Caiit. Lawson nu iho Sacritmiinlo river. ii0r-" " "Voll elc. 0,,eri ,d on the whole ma
Ulst fusts, were remarkably cold for Ore. '"ovco wero princmaliy Isllcn tlm.
- !. e.i tm her, and loose rock. Wo found Iho aacont
gon. In tho forenoon of , tho lOil. r-now.j ,lciccm , ,nJ fron ,, ,llounU,n,
fell to Ihe depth of an inch snd a half tery gradual and easy ; and upon the
..h,r
the wind being In the north t on the nights
of tho UOth and 93d more snow fall, which
Increaitd the qusntlty of Know on tlio
ground in two and a half lnche inow
rcmalord upou the ground in thlt valley
for olght dsjs. On the morning ofthr
: iOlh, whioh was the roldrat, the thor-
moinrtem varied liom twelve lo three Ue.
grrcs slime zero, recording to thrlr ai
lion ; thst of tho gotetnor. bolow tho cily,
facing the rier, stoo.1 at three degrees ;
thst of tho Rev. K. U. Atkinaon, In the
city, facing the river, hut further reunited
from it. nt four drgrcet; and that of tho
llct. Wltm lllalu, on the eoiiid blutf
front the riter in l.lnn cily, faring tho
eM, at twelve degrees. Many of tho
oiler elllcri regard the Utlth, 3lsl, ami
"J'.'d int. as the tttldest da) tdey'liavo
ttilnrtwd in Oregon; others think they
Into seen as cold or colder weather on
mine two other occasions. The Columbia
was frozen oter in places ; and ico formed
in some of the small bats of still water In
llie Willamette, nlileil hv tlm Aoallinf ( i
snd snow On Saturday last we t ut Ice
from one nf the streets In this eilf. nlui.li
had slightly waslrd, but siiirM'd to hat, !
weather inducvila general 'vish here for
r.....
....
f Wnahtsjsjtoiitau Teatarraare
Itov. Wilson lllain delivered a lecture
bcfjre the Wahtngtonian Temperance
S.icii'lt ol this city, to a large and alien.
tite audience, in tin hall occupied bt tho
I'resbtteriau church and society forditine
sertice. the lecture was able, eloquent.
r.plele with inlrrc.t and instruction, and
followed bv porlimnt and happy remarks
by lleterrnds Johnsnii and Kelly. The
interest of the meeting was much height
med by the admirable parfuniiauce of
appropriate leinperatue songs bj the choir
of tier. I,. K. Atiiinson. J ho meeting
stands adjourned, to meet ou Wednerlay
evening nevt. We beipeak an overflow.
nig house.
Ort'gou
.""V
Wagstti t.'wmswnjr. For
tuuatci ccHrrare.
It "ill le gratify ing to the families and
friends oftlioroof our follow. citizens who
last fall left hero in wagons for tho Cali
fornia minrs, to learn that ihey reached
the mines in good cason, and in safety.
Those who have returned from tho mines
bring this assurance. Capt. M'Kay suc
ceeded in taking the part through upon
hit proposed route, which renders Califor
nia nearer and easier of approach from
Oregon, even for packers, than the old
route. A smsll party of California emi.
grants from the United States, were over
taken upon this new route by the Oregon
company. Our informant represents Ihst
the tcums and provisions of the emigrant
party were exhausted, and that tho emi-
gran,, wout... probably , hate perished In
the mountains, hut fnr hat lot- lieen over.
lakcil
by tho Oregon company. Tho
Oregon company was liberally supplied
with teams and nrotisions. with which, of
course, Ihey were free, and anxious lo aid
.i r . . ir i .l i .
the unfortunate sufferers In the completion
inletion
'
of their journey. Wo extract tho follow.
ing, in relation to the new road, from tho Our Calif irniu vtchang's hrntipli- by tin
Star and Californlanol Nov. lth i Ilellasi" cutauuil iu u m f m,p.ir.
MrtTtvo or Hmmioxjimts. Tux new,'1"-'0,
It.uti. We have received the rrporlofu frV-The !,,.),,... l .,.,7. .,r I,.,.
nu, ting, new uy me ato eniin gratmn
in I'liKs iiriu uy ino iiu riming rniniu
. ii.i i... !.. . r-:
... r ' r. ' .
win a waggon pa ty iron, yregon , ira
elling into California, upon their arrital in
V10 "'" nlo valley, on I lie 31st day ol
Crj,o rni clin"
annears to havo been
called with an obiect lo obtain an exnres.
sirm of opinion, relative to the new route
mum win scasnn oy uic emigrants, neau.
? .'', ',,rV'aw"n- c" "tn ''" ,
of Cu fnrn a. A enmni itiu, uu. ,.,wr.lii. I
Ul, and a n mtd of wfiich tho fol
hiuiin' isa conv :
"The coinmillee appointed by the chair
vii'vti.iir um a new r'iijin arm m
mtintahi0 California. b L- leavn to sul
at a point about H. K. of tho lutln Clai
from Iho United Slates, with six wucons,
A I'"1 r,!,e Purly ".'' l'Biidined their
Umtniie fittfl frtfJl .n rerslr ni.Ii....!..
,7,.., lu ,,, ,dAnl . ,ir,rn ,Mr . ,
took Cant. Dawson' nartv. wp had not
. ,. .v,i.nn ,,r .nu U...L i...i..
...... -... ...vmww ... ..J ---'IW MM,, ,11.
been bestowed upon Iho road by iho em. .
'nu.l-. From that point a di.t.nco of
4U '"!lc" Hn ",0 ull"y ol ,l'" S" " "n'
4i in; ull llio laimr porlormcil by our party I
""'roulil havo been iwrfurmcd by four men i
l e i
lay
,n "ireo ot ''our day, as thecihsiruclions
whole, your committee consider the au
dlwovered by Capt, l.nttMiu, one of tho
Anet In the world, through mountains an
etenle as the one thniuuh whleh it iium.
es. In the opinion of your eouimlllee, a
w- " " i " j I
most praclicablo roa.l can Ik. nmile, with
very little labor through ihiipuvt; and
that this route ill pnne ol lading In uefil
to .rlii. I.atellmg la and linn. Oregon
and California ami fromtlie l!ii lid .Stulen, I
as it has nrotrd to us.
Your noiiiiiiiil
think Olil l.nwami eiilillnl In 'lie lli.llilo
of this meethii!, for the i nergt mul d, t ti
ion dlstnnte.l ht him in uitetli'g tin
mute Ynur inmmiMee, ihen fnte, d emit
m lid the adi ptinn of the fnllon nig resolu
lions."
Hero It was resulted In tinder ipl
I.SMsnn n toleofihuuks whuh dnun.wasl
followed h three cheers, und the disselti
lion of the meeliug.
Ilitelligem'e has reni'hi'd this citt hv let
ter receiteil by Arih Mchliilet, K ,
that "Congress adjniiriiid in June without
doing an) thing for Oregon " Congress
was 111 semn mi the lllhnf Jult , audion
ciUCIil) ihis mti llig, m i l ill
n ret I in
' lalimiMth- iimuth m whuh lite idjmirn
Ml 111 'l-'k fl.n e it lllt.lki t illl-pr III nf
J""- '"' J' ""ih msilt mnir. hut nu
nil.Mk.. iimiIiI will l.ii n"" io " Ml I"
tho fact nf nil adjourn I. nr nialtiMs of
'"'I""5"0 "'"'I '" l"'1, ,-fl'r,, ,h- .
adjournment -hence to tnlhe U--1
lief that Congress adjourned in Jult with. I
,.,. .... ' I
OUI llllllllieij m-nng nu uie virej;i'ii ijues
-UIOII.
Th" Irller further states, ,n sulstance.
seeond, that Paris has lwr(i the seat of fur
tlnr sanguinary strife, whuh tesiiltcd in
the slaughter of IH.UIMI run us, the oter.
thrim of the I.al-jrlini' goteriiim lit, ami
his pritipituto lliulit I rmn I'rani e and llie
"'' """" '"", T h " ? '' '. "'
nTtliM It. 1. 1, till.. itil.l itull ,1... rlturflkla
,,.,,,,,' ' , , .
In I.ugland had lien put d ihii lt imlilart
e..-......i e. ,i... .i. ....'
luitr a anil ii'Wiiiii mat nu "hi m imiu
. ,. , iii
I'ritHi ,,i, it IlKinnnrb e.i.ili,.il.l , Innli
would most likel) iutntte Klli'lnnd ,n the
war on tin. part of Drnm'irk.iiiobsertani.r
of trfaty stipulations with that govern
ment. This news is extreme! meugre, but it
is as full as we bate heen ah!" to colli ct
We understand that '.lie supercargo of the
"Joten (inipuzeoaua" has letters audpa.
pers for Oregon, but for some cause they
havo not been forwardul.
if Kngland engages in a continental
war, ltusna will stand proudly aloof, and
it is more than probable that all Europe
w'dl become in willed in war.
The "Joven (iuipuxeoane"(Vew Rgypl)
brought 43 passengers st 9100 each.
When the "New lg)pl" left San Francis
co, Oregon (lour ttas worth 8 ", pork tOO,
salmon S'.'O, per barrel, and nutter and
cheese 81. each per pound, at wholesale.
At retail, st San Francisco, the abnte r. I
ticlfswldst much higher rates, and lxts ' Prl,"- The texture of basalt l.f. gram
old fir 81 1, and shoes at 87, p-r pair; po. I " ' compact, and it often contains other
tatoes !.l at the rate of 1 1 cents pe r pound, ' minerals." It also exhibits hollow csvitici,
and lumber st SI'.MI per thousand. Wo"" vesicles apparently formed by bubbles
1 s. . a . . -.Is
went
-.-.!- .
that neuily rtrrv per-"" "bo went I
On gon into the Culifnrmu mines has
siik the same is also stid to be true
. Irom
,,.,
of the late emigrants into California.
i The "Henrt" had (rritedal Sin Fran
.
II
cisco before the soiling of ihe -New K.
gyP' and the "Liiduie and "Anneta ,
Zf' , .. , .- . . . '
K" "" i.nn.,1.- .i.i ..iiinia
were rineLied lo yin s.nl tnr Dreenn .
fur pmtiJinns.
, l "-- ,.-" .
-" '
ftl y
.. i,,., i,,,.,.., ii, .... ,r.i
''" 'I'lrill
hune. wasallowtd Iu laeano bv one of llie
parly
tO"n' are ri'iuested to stato that I lie
i Ilev. Wilson lllun. udl i.u, ...,, !, nn.
ressmmhln il..,i,...l. ,.r ....,,..... ......
Sabbath, I'. M., in tlm Meihreltal Lhitrch
in tins city, at the usual hour of worship,
,... ";, ,. , . , .
KT tt o se In the Ii llfirnia S ir. that
Cnm.no.hr.. Jones has ml', p. I 840,lHHI re
ward fir the apnn In ni m and delivery to
him of tin d n rs frnni tm iudirn.
(r."r'Vl - of .nr Is. I!- i . '!. iiswIim
huv. r. i ri ' fr in the nun' , Imweti r llunrislng thsn geology. So much theo
iiiuilillii t dill'ii in m,iii.. n ects. nil ugne rj,K kBy, Hitchcock, h only "brought
OtrTh" California Siur und Cul.f.irnlan
Jilor und prupiiil'ir, sutuss iu ,
nterprise. "L'00
a. Thu t.ot.Til K-mleinenastoTP01""'
' lire indebf d fur mir CiikWrtilo ' shade
wlininT.i nr.. l,l,.l... ,1 r, rv.usf;..i
lexihang.s hn,, hy ,,e 11, nt. will
I'1!?."0. fc',l't '' tlmitki. Jrims
O Ni II. and Ju.m e Athiy F.sns.. will also
..... .1 , ., n l.gt , ,,
"'"J ."." """" '" "" t-miioriiia ntar,
"; Dillon,..!. ofNov. 19, rcultid from
.T... -
oiwiih-ni liiepnssetigers ortho "Joven
Onipuxonana" ham been in this cily more
than a we k, ami paper and a part of tlm
letters brought hy that vessel uru still re
tained: unless this conduct is explained
by the existence ofclrcui.iktunccs unknown
here, her officers are highly culpable.
. "'l"l' I - LBMIWBMiaaj
I'm lb PaeaUlw.
Ma. HwTiia We must offer an apolo
gy to yntir geological oorrespondenl, In
favor ol our obtuao Intellect t fur really we
a a a
cannol yet accede lo lh cotreclneas of
hia views, lie will ploasr cjerclso his
1MOTi In U-armg with us while we enter
j, ,,,, ,locrnM, Wf) would
.
"" ",r ,l,n """" "J "w " "m "V
ortlin rormallim of a cum, but wo have
j it t r, ii .i-i in fear for tholr instruction.
inl m "It ' Iih promptly responded to
our fnrnior call we still tunics wo need
nun i' light.
Our firm dinVully with his views, are,
that they seem to be based on the presump
lion that tho science of Oeology Is In a
chaotic slate, and thai every one may the
orize t will on Its mil.llnia principles.
Acting on this notion, 'It' creates a hypo,
thetieal '.".rid, and builds on it a hypo.
llieliial geology ; and then applies the fi
ery cniiiTptinnsuf his sulillino fancy to the
illustration of facts pertaining toourdar
In lied mundsiie sphere. (Seology how.
ter is happily out of its leading strings,
und has liiiome a science. "It is an ill
lililitn seietae" says Hitchcock. It Is
I,..,!. ..,, ,,t,.ted.ands.islalne.lhv facts.
(i) ,,y ,lrt,rir,(r hy,!,,,. We would
here call It's." s..fious attention to the
,.,,,,,. .,,,, , ,R0 ...00. Hitchcock.
,,,,,,, ,
It Is still maintained that the rooks at
Willamette falls, are stratified "they are
primary stratified rocks." Two aiitt'
Iwm would appear somewhat belter the
third tune with the proof. We Invito "II"
to n ail the two following sentences which
he will find on page 'JO, Hitchcock. "Tho
unt ratified rocks, especially wheneoscd
to the wtather, aro usually ilitided Into
irngular fragmenla by fissures in various
' dinctloiis. Sometimes however these
, , ,
.rocks hato a concretionary structuroon a
. . , . , , .
llsrge acsle; thst is Ihey are composed of
n "
roncrcieii layer wnusociirvaiuru is some
times mi slight, thst they ale mistaken fur
I strata." These remarks are eminently
applicable in the rucks in this vicinity.
1 Hut "II" informs us that tho Willamette
rncks are sand rocks Impregnated with
1 iron. And also that they arc inagretir
rock. If the first be true the second mutt
be, as iron always attracts the magnet.
l.ri us read "R" a definition from Com.
stock who ia with most persons is good au
thority as Hitchcock. "Ilssalt is one of
ihe most common varietlea of Trap-rocks,
ll is a dark preen or black stone composed
of augite and feldrpar, very compact In
texture, and of considerable hardnes Ac.
The term Is used by Pliny, and is said to
como from iatal, an Ethiopian word signi
fying Iron. Tho rock oflm contains much
Iron," pago 410. "It ia fouod both in
lrP "apeless msates, and in columnar
!'' "- '!"'" Pe a3a'
: ,... , , ., i.
ol a,r miringiu lusion. page ajj. i,yen
says Dsialt consists In an intimate mixture
0f augile and feldspar with magnetic iron,
oliviuo i-c. page 00. I.yell alto speak
(page 05) of the fat grained character of,
hasalt. Now correctly RV mistake
- -
in call ne this nne.rnmofbasalt ssnd. has
o .. r. I
ho not by all I hut he has written, and es-1
.ee:aliylv his "vry recent experiment,
piotid that ihe rock in question are ba.
siltie, and of igneous production. That
the rm'ks in tho vicinity of Oregon City
are bssult nf a more or less perfel chsrac
ler is a fact sutslnd by other evidence
of which "II" may not be aware. The
genlogkal character of this whole region
has been studied by scientlfio men, and
snecimens have been taken 10 the elate
snd there tested j and all agree that this
is a tolcanlc resion and that these are ba.
.ai.,0 r0,.k, s-- ,rker'a Tour, and
Bi"U ruias. ooe aiacr a suui, ..w
Wilko'a Journal. Permit, If you pli
remark of a cent ml nature. Perhap no
nne nf all tho physical sciences has been
exposod lo more prejudice from excesalve
Vhev aim to bring nature Into the labora
and there dlsseot and analyse an ner
rtain all tlielr applisn
pblloaophy. The fash
ihe proceaa called hy,
cses ha been auffered to retire to Ihe
'sh.dcs with Ihe aoholaatlo lore oi me uara
... l,v mII irulv scientific scholar. We
havo been led to Ibis train of reflection by
what "it" calls his theory of river. His
remarks on thl matter are entirely too via.
lonary lo find a place In a eober aclantlflo
discussion. And were ll not a waste of
lime, ink, and paper, it would not ba dlffl.
cull lo show that hla remarks are evn
worse than visionary.
Out we are forgetting that it may be
presumptive for one ao very insignificant
I
m ourself In aolantlllo clrclss to enter the
list against a teacher of the sublime sol.
enoe. Wo hope, dear "H," you will not
take It offensively that wo have sv frankly
animadverted on your remark). We do
think )ott are wrong, and hope you will
lecture your olaaa, (fnae la formed, on the
yitllietlcal ami anyillioai, ratner men mo
hypothetical system
TYKO.
Kalnscte Irwa CaltlorsiM Pvawrs.
Tho cargnr nf vessel Undine' and
'Virginia' late from Valparaiso, were (old
at pttbllo auction, commencing on Tuea
day last. Sales ran high.
lUfanea rat is isiar m bswansaa.
joTowiiCoiinoll of Ban Franolsco by
inparalleled unanimity have agreed
The
an unparalleled unanimity
to meet nu ansa.
Arrival nr Oov. Moi. Ills Kxoel
lency Col. Msson, Gov. of California, and
suite, arrived hero on the 18th Intl., from
Fort Sacramento, New Helvetia. Ilea.
walls we understand, a conference with
Com. Jones, who may be daily expected
at this port.
Dr nt Pound. On man, we are Inf.
forme I by sufnclsnl authority, laboring In
the mines, took single-handed, with rem
pwn plok and spade, In the apace of twen
ty lavs, nearly tUrtu Krnndt oftoH. from
ht piece of ground not measuring four feet
square ximrt tnlnxs he must nave oeen
Ihe ace ofifuJtt.
The ll. 8. Store Ship Lexington, sails
In a few daya for ihe United State,
Our acknowledgments are again due to
W. I). M. Howard, liso. for file of tho
11 Friend of China," published at Hong
Kong. The papers before us ant mainly
occupied with the proceedings oftho courts
In relation lo the murder or foreigner by
the Chinese In December last.
Kvery thing was quiet at Canton up lo
tho first of July. Dullness was dull ex
change on Kngland fls. Od.
At Hhanghae the llrltisli Consul had de.
msnded of the authorities the apprehension
mid punishment of some ten or twelve Chi.
tirso who had committed some outrages up
on three Kngllsh missionaries. The tie.
msml not being complied with in the speci
fied time, ('J I hours.) embargo was laid on
a fleet of outward hound junks, and a stop,
nage of custom dues on ttrlllih ship.
The consul subsequently obtslned full sal.
Isfactlou of Ihe authorities and a tote of
thank from the foreign residents for hi
promptness and efficient action In tho mat
ter. A small schooner which waa dispatched
fmm I long Kong for Honolulu on Ihe J7lh
oflVbruary last had not arrived on the 1st
of rteptrmler, and but little hope was en.
lerlaltied uf In r safely. CniorWaa OH.
7iA. -
Tiir IsLstn or Java. Thin disuht
land spjiesrs to partake of tlnygensral In
clliiatioit to war, now so clearly manifes
ted by neatly the whole world. The
Dutch, and the Inhabitants of that portion
of the island called llally, were at war-by-the
last accounts. The expedition against
llally left Detavla and tiamarang alaiulta
neously on lbs 30th of (A lull, and (was
aid to be very strong. The Ralinese
were preparing lo give a vigorous re
sistance: stockades, one behind the oth
er reached the hills, and the feeling to
wards the Dutch was very hostile. Co
tfornian Otl. 71.
Moat (Jotn When will they bedono
dlscotering gold in California I The last
that has como to hand was In the neighbor
hood of the " Ciudad de lo Angtle'
where gold ha been known to exist for a
long time In email quantltlra, but it waa
not until recently that any exploration
were made, when lo, the glittering ore
" round In as great abundance i as on
,h Amer "nJ.0,E' "d other Well known
" diggins." wnr win ie tne next atsco-
.7 .r.i.i. i. .u.i.... ...!,.
rurally, we dread the digging of a well, or
1CI V Ul lllll IIU lUHKSI lliniRlUS VHUSISIWSl
tne graaing oi a at reel in our neigooor.
hood. Cnhfornian.
Tux ErrxcTs ot I'nawixa Toucco.
In a very length) article oa the evil of
the us of tobacco, the Philadelphia Led.
ger hae the following very nibl re
market "Tli effect of obewing are area great,
or than thoee of smoking, for by thl pro
ves, the poison Is taken directly Into the
system, and thua directly vitiale ila fluid.
Perhaps no people chew tobaeoo ao gener
ally and extensively a the American far
mer. Tho of the Northern and Middle
Slatea are denominated a healthy race.
They are ao generally, and theoauae may
be found In their ollmato and occupation.
But they are not ao healthy a the agrl.
cultural population ol Northern Europe,
English, Pranob, German, or Ruealan.
How lew of them how a good aet of teeth
after thirty I How many of them at 48, ex
hibit ihe deoay of OA, In loee ofieeth, lose
or change of hair, discoloration of skin,
shrinking ofmuscles, curving of ihe sptno
In tho neok and shoulder, slowness of
motion I
Thl decay I not produced by excessive
labor, for Ihey do not labor excessively ;
nor by privation, for no agricultural popu
lation in Ihe world are ao well fed, clothed,
and lodged. Nor la it attributable to ell
malo i for European peasantry come a
mong ua from climates less salubrious,
with all the Indications of better health,
and do not afterward, decay fatter than
upon our native aoil. How great (a the
contrast between Ihe, lull-cheated, bright
eyed, ruddy English cr Russian peossotry
of fifty, of while teeth, thlok flaxen hair
and active carriage, and the American far.
mar of ihe same age, with hla (allow com
plexion, etraggllng and dlaoolored teeth,
hrunken facial muse!, thin or grey
hair, aunken and dltcolorta eyee, and alow
and ihambllng salt! The one never touch
ea tobaooo. and the other ohawa it immod
erately. Wa adviaa all among our read,
era who uae tobaooo. to thlok of the
thing, and be wIm unto ttmporal aalva.
-'
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