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About Oregon spectator. (Oregon City, O.T. [i.e. Or.]) 1846-1855 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 17, 1846)
f t It , I' ht -- "-1 W A UUiMHr the 'wlto flawen. Aa4 fcwanl Uw wiin Um wood Aetfcm1aatBMchlM, ' ' . XtitjriaWsruHJywae, .(.' -TIm ImnUi WWMh mo tW- - -JT I7 r bWlsatafpMetiaia, : WefebaMttafalfaMt Bum Mi3Mmo la childhooda.aftsw, AmI i Mt mrow oene with tfe. 0 coal w IV than, teas ants, Faram r? In chlwrfiRiht, Uah wiaf what ia griator paia. Like fBmmi'bJoMOBM young mm bright Ah.bMatifktl tlws vaabhed day, Whoa UM wasKakwl lo jpldra hoaw, And al our uVmjthta and allow ways ' 'Were sntatfafia uto ihe aammer flowcnT EXTRACT FROM MR CALHOUN'S SPEECH, BBUTBUB Ut U. S. USATS, aucu iu. Now, being brought to the alternative bv circamatances over which I have no control, I go for compromise and against war. But in this case I am actuated by no unmanly fear! of consequences. I know that, under theexisting state of the world, wars arc sometimes necessary ; the utmost regard for justice and equity cannot always prevent them. And when war must be met, I shall be among the last to flinch ; I may appeal to my past history in support of this asser ties. But-1 am averse from going to war on this question, for the reasons I have given. But not for these only ; I have still higher reasons. Although .wars may t.t times be necessary, yet peace is a positive good and war is a positive evil ; and I' cling to peace so long as it can be preserved consistently with national safety and honor ; and I am against war so long as it can be avoided without sacrifice of cither. -I am opposed to war ia' this case, because neither of these exigencies exist ; it may be, as I conceive, a votcVf without sacrificing either the nation el honor or the national safety. But if these dangers did exist, to a certain extent, war is still highly inexpedient ; because our right ia Oregon can be sustained with more than ah equal' chance of success without war tkaa with.it. ' This is a great and weighty reason against war. He who goes so stoutly to -war for " all of Oregon or none," may possibly come out with " none." I concede to my countrymen the possession of all the bravery, patriotism, and intelligence which can be claimed for them, but we shall go Into this contest with great disadvantages on our 'side. As long as Great Britain has a large force in the East, and is mistress of tbe sea, she can carry on a war at mucn less expense. There, is another reason why I am oppos. ad ia it: 'the war would som cease to be for Oregon; the struggle would be for empire, and it would be between the greatest Power in Europe on the ono side, and the greatest and most growing and spirited people of the West on the other 'lt would be pressed on upon both sides with' all the force, vigor, energy and perseverance of two great and brave nations ; each wpuld strike the other in the most vulnerable point, and the blows would .be tremendous. Amidst the uproar of such a contest, Oregon would be forgotten utterly forgotten ; to be recovered, if at all, on the contingencies of success or the re verse. My next reason is, that though it is alleg ed that wo must fight in order to protect our citixens in Oregon, instead of their protec tjotj war would Insure their utter destruc. it J." ! t a. t f ...... aL. i tiod. It is the most certain wayjto sacriJjeo ttoiorThfoy are'-American citizens our brelnrerZaod them. This I never will consent I kindred. We have encouraged thfcnrto go there ; and I never will give a vote the result of wWcK, mun be their speedy 'destruc tJon. iBtk. if we make a compromise on lati. tttd 4t degrees, they will all be safe ; for, TJBi"rptly informed, there is not a man Stjkim to be found north of (hat line. This wfl jsry .Ml. the points we have in view, rVvWorlOoing tnem all. war. too, for reasons eons 1ib1e Uaito. I believe that the ill ana tnwneaat war we 1 waffe-ift-tfaal if In ten veara 'an' the mb extravagant ad. iM;frert nPe roi ' w Gaaeai, aw) New Bruna. ieos, aso wry outer m mr sug tram 'MmirmnM flaMttasmalBL' SaasHati isTJaHK ''fjaMMiBafJsj i mwmm Maski esJeriVkVa " Mj&ujMiihiLjaBaTaKt tho whek oaatiasnt; twi prxmv ad. vantage, till wt had eccoapUsAe the down. 'fall of the'BritUh thirat, and she should 'yield up spear and shield and trideM our W1w t0Ui My 'event thatcould happen. I do sot aow al. luda to the ravaaes anddeeolatioaa of war-. 'fare : to the oceans of blood that Must-flew,' and the various miseries that ever accompa. ny tht contest, of arms because"! have ever observed that the statement of 'these things had any great effect upon, a brave people. No doubt the evils would be Very great, because there are no two nations in the world who can do each other so much harm in war, or so much good in'pcace, as Great Britain and the United States. ', The devastation would be tremendous on both sides. But all this goes for nothing; for this may all U repaired. Tho indomitable in dustry, and enterprise, and perseverance of our widely spread and still spreading and multiplying population, will soon find way and means of repairing whatever merely physical disasters war can indict. But war has far heavier infliit;oos for a free people; it works a social and political change in the people themselves, and in the character of their institutions. A war such as this will be of vast extent ; every nerve and muscle on either side will be strained to the utmost ; every commandable dollar will be put in re quisition ; not a portion of our entire fron tier but will become the scene of contest. It will be a Mexican war on the one side, and an Indian war upon, the other. Its flames will be all around us ; it will be a war on the Pacific and a war on the Atlantic ; it will rage on every side, and fill the land. Suppose that Oregon should be abandoned, we must raise seven armies and two navies ; we must raise and ec.uip an army against the Mexicans ; and let no man sneer at the mention of such a powr. Under the guid ance and training of British officers, the Mexican population can be rendored a formi dable enemy. See what Britain has made of the feeble Sepoys of India. The Mexi cans are a braver and a hardier people, and they will form tic cheapest of all armies. With good training and good pay, they may be rendered a very formidable force. Then we must have another army to guard our Southern frontier, and another to protect our Northern frontier, and another to operate on our Northeastern boundary, and still anoth er to cover our Indian frontier. At the leant estimate, we shall require a force of not less than two hundred thousand men in the field. In addition to that, the venerable and intel ligent Albert Gallatin has calculated the cost of such a war at sixty-five millions of dollars. But that amount is too small. A hundred millions is not an over estimate: and of this sum fifty millions must be raUed annually, by loans or paper ; so that allow, ing the war to continue for ten years, we shall have an amount of five hundred mill ions of public debt. Add to this tbe losses which must accrue on loans ; it will be very difficult to get these loans negotiated in Eu rope ; for, owing to the unfortunate manner in which this affair has been conducted, the feeling in Europe will be generally against us. We cannot obtain the requisite sums under an interest of thirty and forty per cent. Add all these expenses, and our total debt will not be less than seven hundred and fifty millions. this is not all. We shall be plunged e paper system as aeepiy as we ever in the daya or the resolution; and will then be our situation at the close the war? We ahall be left with a mort. Sage of seven hundred and fifty millions of ollars on the labor of the American people ; for it all falls on the labor of the country at last, while much of tbe money goes into the pockets of those who struck not a blow in the contest. We should then have the task of restoring a circulating medium of a sound, er character, and that from the deepest de gradation of the currency. This is a hard job, as all of us know who have gene through with it. Besides, the influence of the war will nnturally be to obliterate the line of distinction between the State end General Governments. We shall hear no more about State riffhts. but the Government Will he. borne hi affect a eeaisoliifsied republic, fev our wary 'success it will give a mDUary int. EuNeJothe national sainfl .which can aever e overcome. The ambition of the nation will seek conquest after conquest, and will soon Uooiae .possessed by spirit totally in. oQMfetatt with the fam ui faaim rftur Buy mtoh were wXat ot geverameat $ ami this trill lead, by a straight sad easy -read,- to that' galf of all reettallos a military despotfsmv Then wt shall nave so provias.iorjiareeer sour tucoessiui generals, who will soon be oamsetiag fortho Presidency. Before the generation whioh waged the war shall have passed away, they will witness' a contest between hostile gene rals. (To" who conquered Mexico, and ho who conquered Canada, will each insist upon his right to the scat of power, and they will end their struggle by the swonl. Freedom thus lost, institutions thus undermined and overturned, nover can be recovered. The National ruin Will be irretrievable. I appeal then to the gcntlcuvin near me to my friends, whose separation from me on this question I deeply regret and I say to them, is it for you, who are Democrats par excellence- for you, who are tho enemies of paper money, and the sworn destroyers or all banks and all artificial classes in society is it for you to vote for a measure of such vcrv equivocal success T But I have still higher reasons. I am op posed to war as a friend to human improve, ment, to human civilization, to human prog ress and advancement. Never in the histo. ry of tho world has there occurred a period so remarkablo as the peace which followed the battle of Waterloo for tho great advan ces made in the condition of human society, and that in various forms. The chemical and mechanical powers have been investiga ted and applied to advance- tho comforts of human lite in a degree Tar beyond what won ever known or hoped before. Civilization has been spreading its influence far and wide, and the genoral progress of human society has outstripjted. all that Had been previously witnessed. The invention oFman has seiz cd upon and subjugated two great agencies of the natural world-which were never be fore mado tho scrvanta-of-tnan ; I refer to steam and to electricity, under which, nt course, I includo magnetism in all its phe nomena. S:eam has been controlled and availed of for all the purposes of human in tercourse, and by its resistless energies has brought nations together whom nature seem ed to separate by insurmountable harriers. l has shortened the passage across the At lantic more than one half, while tho rapidity of traveling on land has been three 'times greater than ever was known before. With in the same time man has chained tho very lightning of heaver, and brought it down and made it administer to the transmission of human thought, insomuch that it may with truth be said that our ideas arc not on ly transmitted with the rapidity of lightning, but by lightning itself. Magic wires arc stretching themselves in all directions over the globe, and, when their myotic mushes shall at length have been perfected, our globe itself will be endowed with a sensitive ness which will render it impossible to touch it on any one point, and the touch not be felt from one end of the world to the other. All this progress, all this growth of human hap pines", all this spread of human light and knowledge will be arrested by war. And shall we incur a result like that for Oregon ? And this work is as yet but commenced ; it is but the breaking of the dawn of the world's great jubilee. It premises a day of more refinement, more intellectual bright ness, more moral elevation, end consequent ly of more human felicity, thau the world has ever seen from its creation. i i . . zxTtaCT raoN cot. benton's speech, delivered in St. Louit, October 19ti,1844. "I say the man is alive, full grown, and is listening to what I say, (without believing it perhaps,) who will yet see the Asiatio commerce traversing the North Pacific Ocean entering the Oregon river climb, ing the western slope of the Rocky Moun tains issuing from its gorges and spread. log its fertilizing streams over our wide, eitended Union! The steamboat and the steam car have not exhausted all their won. ders. They have not yet even found their amplest and most appropriate theatres tbe trsaquil surface of the North Pacifio Ocean, and the vast ioolloed planes which spread east and wast from the base of the Rocky Mountains. The mag io boat, and the flying ear, are not yet earn upon this oar m. and upeo'this plain, but lay will be seen there ! and It. Louis is jratto iad herself as near to 3anton, as she row is f London ! with a better and iaf.r'route, by land and sea, t6 Chjna. and Japan, than sbv oow hajawftaMe fld Great firiteia." jQtNMAb . jAcaseN. A wtrkmg, upright, usjlealid.aaaa was.Aodrow Jackaea. ;!! resetted hisootiatry. from aliens and jobbers. Heibuad ib West, with dificultlss ha sent ike fcrslMnar howliag from its borders, aad tWgWrisr from Itscapitol. We honored much his valor, his sagacity, and his un. boasting patriotism. We honored him as a maiiiand.atrue citiren; nor can his uni form concern for Ireland be forgotten, while' our struggle forroligious and national liber ty is remembered. Ho was not an Irish, man. Though the son of an Irish peasant, ho was born in, and lived, fought, and and thought for America ; considered him. sjlf un American, and vu so in character, interests, and feelings. His claims for tho gratitude and respect of Ireland are far higher than any tics of blood could give he was Ireland's staunch, iinl.oueht friend, and ono of the most useful, if not the mctt showy of the soldiors of freedom in our ago. He Is eono where Miltiudcs and Epaminon. das, Tell and Washington, Bruce and Tone, are gone before him. Proud be tho flight of America's caglo over hi tomb ! May never a foeman to his republic plant a xiandard there ! May the soil that hold him never lack as honest a President, nd successful a general l)vbin Nilion. If Unmaiuikd uet .Makiiied. A Eu ropcan philosopher Ims furnished the world with some very interesting kta'istic.o, thow. in the benefit of marriage life. He says mnong unmarried nun, nt the ages of firm thirty-five to forty five, the avi ru-e nitml er of deaths are only clghtctn. For for' y. one Imeholors who attain the aire of fortv, Uiere arc seventy-eight married men vholo the name. As age advances, the ,ilillcrrncc be comes more striking. At sixty, there aro only twenty-two unmarried men living for ninety-eight who have I ecu mariiul. At seventy, there arc eleven bachelors to twenty-seven married men ; and atciphiv, there are nine married men fur three m'ii'.'Ic ones. Nearly the same rule holds good in relation to the female sex. Murrietl women at the age of thirty, taken one with another, may expect to live thirty-six years longer : while for the unmurried, the expectation of life is only al.out thirty years. Of those who at tuin the ape of forty-five, there are t-evtmy. two mar'ied women for fifty-tun single la dies. These data arc the result of ac'unl facts, by observing the difference of longevi ty between the miriied and the unmarried. From ilic New Yo.k Journal of Co-nmrrce, Jan. S3. Hamd times Fon topers. It is prolahlo the city of New York will receive a consid erate accession of population fiom Connec ticut during the enduing wtt-ks end mon'h, as in most town of that State, topers arc lit erally deprived of the means of grtting drunk. The law went into r fleet last Mon. day. It utterly forUda the sale of wines or spirituous liquors, in cither large or rmall quantities, except by licence from thcBoard of Commissioners, who, lr that law, were to be chosen on tho first Monday of C t. annu ally. In most of the towns inclu ig Nor way, the Commissioners refuse to grant any licences whatever. In New Haven anil New London, none but apothecaries arc licen ced, and they are required to keep a record of all the '.It. EXTRACT MOM AN OLD 8C0TCH NEWSrArEK. Edinburgh, Feb. 7, 1707. Copy of a painter bill pretrvtfd to our Vet try for tcork done in our Church. To filling up a chink in the Red Sea and repairing the damages of Pharaoh's host. To a new pair of hands for Daniel in the Lion's Den, and a new set of teeth for tho Lioness. To repairing Nebuchadnezzar's board. To cleaning the whale's Idly, varrishirg Jonah's face and mending his left arm. To a new skirt for Jacob's garment. To a sheet anohor, a jury mast, and a long boat for Noah's Ark. To giving a blush to the checks of Eve, on presenting an apple to Adam. To painting a new city in ihe land of Nod. To cleaning the garden of Eden, after Adam's expulsion. To making a bridle for the Sameritsn'e herse, and mending ono of Ms 1 g To putting a new handle to Moses tasked and fitting bull. rushes. ' To adding mora fuil to the fire of Ncbu dtadnemrn furnace. Raoeived payment D. Z. r-r,-' '3rw, ' it