Hi -a the sen-am of th badger and '.hr
ir-wboop cf the ravage. Then tti whole
r tci'ic coast, from the Gcldec Gate to
Ii Wring's Straits, that now Cings its broad
xpan of increasing greatness toward
tbeViMlrch of our western sky. wm
one vast unbroken wild over which the
Q.ird oD promise had nerer flown, and
where the foot of civilization bad never
trod but to-day, through the indomitable
ener-y of oar race, and bj the magic pow
er of works such aa we are here to-day to
inaugurate; the "Druidical silence" of that
solitude baa been broken, tb forests have
f tdd back into the dYm distance, the ver-d-iut
arctic that had been entwined by
the Enters of the living God in the great
centres f these primitive wilds, have been
displaced bv temples reared by the hand
or civilization and progress. Kivtfrs and
l -.kes are snanned, the valleys rise up from
their lowly beds, at the command of the
voice of enterprise, and the snow-capped
U juMftias of our golden coast are made to
Low th;?ir everlasting heads in reverence
ivnd aekiio lodge the inevitable progress
lht is being mud j i:i all that tends to de
velop the resources of our heritage, and
promote the general welfare of our race.
Reseive then. Mr. President, this tribute
of respect in the spirit of friendship and
-icouragf incut in which it is tendered,
embodying and representing as it does, in
The m itemls of which it is formed, many
Oi the great elements of wealth that por
tjiia to our present prosperity and great
ii(f as a State, and which point forward
along the line of coming years to a higher
destiny and a mor.-i glorious exultation.
Take ft. and may the important work with
i: this day begun go forward with all the
r.-Qidity possible, consistent with the mag-nitud-
of the enterprise. May the hand
lbit wield it in the great caiiMj of internal
improvement be as tireless as the hands
upon the dial of time, and may the minds.
Mid energies, and resources, that dirt-ct th j
work in which you with it this day engage.
Ve a unfailing as the light of the sun ;
:.nd may the time soon come when from
the city of Portland to the SOUTHERN
boundary of the State there shall be erect
ed, through the energies and enterprise ol
oibers, two great race tracks for the iron
horse the one upon the east, and the oth
er upon the west side of our noble
fi)rer ad when ths smoke from the fiery
nostrils of the competing steeds shall me
up from the angry chargers, and bending
over shall mingle with each other and wita
the hot breath that ascends as a gloomy
oedcstal from the tktuting pajuees ascend
tng and de2cendtngour loved Willamette
forming an arch of beauty and grandeur,
which in form and outline, though not in
substance, shall beautifully symboluce the
coming greatness and the glory of our
adoptvd State.
President Moores briefly replied,
saying:
In accepting for the Oregon Central
Railroad Company th very neat and
propriate present of Mr. Smith, tor whom
you act upon tbis occasion, we regard it
as not on y a token of personal esteem to
th members of our corporation but as an
earnest of a hearty sympathy with the pur
poses and objects of this enterprise, which
he entertains in coamoa with ail the po-
p!e of the State.
in Hie use ot ttr.s gift, at thi3 time, we
behold not only the commencement of a
great work jraught with issues of momen
tous import to our young and rapidly
growing State, but this dawning ot a new
era in. the history of Oregon tliat all here
assembled will revert to m after days as
the time when the garb, the habits and
methods of thought of the frontiersmen
were cast aside, and we commenced the
race for political and commercial great
ness with our tister communities in this
great Nation.
A the first spadeful of soil is removed
we see unearthed a germ of progress just
putting forth which shall continue to grow
nnd expand, until the cities of this beau
tiful land will be buy centers of wealth
and population, and teeming myriads shall
-.occupy our valleys and mountains amide-
Tiop ute immense resources wnicn as yei
am scarcely appreciated. We feel that
weCian assure you that the work io auspi
ciously commenced to-day will only cease
when the groaning granaries of our far
mers will na longer need facilities for
reaching the markets of the world, and the
drowsy echoes of the Umpqua and Rogue
rivers will resound with the breathings of
the iron horse on his rapid march in the
work of founding agricultural and com
mercial empire,
(gjn conclusion, and on behalf of the
company, I thank you.
Mr. Moorcg then descended from
the platform with the shovel in bh
hinda, and proceeded to the centre of
tha rquarc where was driven the
' first stake,'' and amid the acclama
tions of the multitude, threw out the
f:rt sod in the construction of the
Oregon Ceutral Railroad. The act
was followed by three rousing and
hearty cheers for the road, Tor the
Directors and the conlrators, and
" Ilnil Columbia' by the Cavalry
ThaGchcers of the rcople had
Kcaic-'y dk-d upon the air, when the
laborers, getting the signals, fell to
work upon the grading of the road,
id Hon. W. W. Upton, Orator of
the day. addressed the vast audience
from the f-peakers stand. Ills ora
lion was a worthy production. After
"reviewing the onuses which hd
brought the vast assemblage together
he said:
The people of Oregon are now fully
aVtve to the great interest we have in rail
iMud communication with the rest of the
world. The recent action of the city ot
Portland to favor of railroad communica
tton. shows the feeling on the subject in
this city, and its almost unanimous ap
proval bv the people of Portland is but
an index of the feeling that pervades the
State. We no loneer have anv fears of
too many railroads or too much railroad.
Although railroads have been in practi
cal use about hall a century, it is during
onlya few year that we have had any
real understanding of through lines or
thoroughfares of those great lines of rail
road travel and freight that roll popnla
tion and labor and lite and aciivtt and
wealth into a new country, and make the
West a parUpf the East, and the EsjU com-
el on propertv witfi the West-
It is on'y ten or filteeu yesr Ihat tl i
matter Las been at all undt-rstood. any
where. How has this thing been learned?
Thoe fortunate regions where it has been
tr'ed haxe found commerce and business
and wealth ponrd idpupon them like the
riin trom heaven. Those nnfortunnte lo
calities that haf neglected or r?sitel
these great arteries of trade, find them
selves shut off fmm the mans of the world
nnd the net) products or a bounteous soil
lie alroc - t useless in their granaries, or are
struggling iu an almost hopeless effort to
Tunlse produce over pny the expenses of
its otro transportation to market.
One of the most astonishing facts de
teloped irQpodern times, is the cheapness
k which these great lines of railroads
can transport freight and passengers lonr
. . . if 4. r v- .
lisrancc. nv m me ouMness are
astonished when they Jearn that a foil rm-
nloved railroad can. carry fmrfit 3 thon
f:nd miles, cheaper than it can be pat into
ynd taken ont of- a merchant tcm. Jbe
Jl-'hterage. stowage and dieharg of a
earso of tnerctiandt.se co?ts more on an
i vrmge than it costs a Dimness road to
nport the same cargo a thousand miles.
Jt is .iic long lines of road with an im
mense business that caa work at these
ite?. Whit vas it. tbat in a period of ten
-ears changed the ralne ofi "proved farms
n Illinois, STsconstn anil er Weero
ere to an averagw of fifty to sixty doltars
per acre ?
Railroad men discovered within that
tim that they could carry flour from
Chicago to New York City for twenty-five
cents per barrel, and other products at
similar rates. The ordinary and natural
completion of four great lines of railroad
fixed that price, and made a grain field in
Illinois bring as much freight per acre as
a grain field a few miles from New York
city. The grain fields of the West come
up at once in price to near the value of
Eastern farms. The farms enriched the
railroads and the railroads enriched the
farms. They developed each other and
reaped mutual advantages.
The results of energy and competition
in railroads on the routes from the Atlan
tic to the Mississippi has astonished all par
ties. How many miles of railroad could
be paid for with the rise on real estate
within that time in one of those States? a
rise of property caused principally by the
constrnction of railroads.
This increase iu the value of land in
Illinois alone, is sufficient to build and
equip a line of railroad reaching twice
around the earth. The same audition per
acre to the value of the available lands in
the Willamette valley would reach the sum
of $150 OOO.lUO. And yet there are some
men who have not quite done with the
query, ' Wi'.l a railroad up the Willamette
valley pay
In making estimates, some men leave
the rife of real estate out of their Ggures.
In the estimate just mentioned, reference
is made to a ming lands alone, a tun
estimate won.d add to these figures; the
value of the U w is that would spring up
as the country improved, and ihe increase
in value when our present villages shall
be translormed into populous and wealthy
cities. This increase in value will take
place at some time. It is sure to come
sooner or later. L'ut if it is seen by the
present generation, it will be because the
present generation build roads. Our first
and most obv.O'is want is population. We
want every acre of choice land under cul
tivation.
While on this subjct of population. I
want to say oue word to you. Gentlemen
Directors, on the suujeot ot the kind ot la
bor it Is your interest to employ. It is
your in erest. in my opinion, to construct
the road bv means of the labor of good.
able bodied white men. Men whose bones
and sinews u:e m ide of beef and bread,
and who can earn the money you pay
them : and bj will form a part of the
permanent population of the country to
patronize the road when it s done. You
will get no mor. labor, in my opinion, out
of the rice-ied Cl na nen. for the same
money, lie mav wum cheaper but will
do less work. He is not able to work at
hard labor v. itb the energy of a while
man. and the employment of Chinamen
does nothing toward populating the coun
try, but retards it. and 1 am opposed to it
for every re-ison. i'oputation is every
thing to a railroad as well as to the coun
try, and it is a question of deep interest to
the road us well as to tho country.
Oregon has the resources to support an
immense population. Sne holds out in-duci-meiit
to agriculture, as soon as a way
is opened to markets, such as few coun
tries hold out. Our crops turn out as
largely for tie labor bestowed, and areol
as good qii..lit. as those f auy large
tract of land iu the world. Anoilier mark
ed feature of the country, and an import
ant one, is that Oregon lias 7iet'er yet had a
failure, of crops.
None but those who have seen the im
poverishing effect of repeated failures of
crop, can realize the immense advantage
of this feature of our soil and climate.
The 3.0O0.000 acres of land of the Wil
lamette will support a larger population
and pay well tor a larger amount of labor
than any other extensive tract of land.
At most, every acre of it will justify high
and thorough cultivation and will increase
the profits of tillage in proportion to the
labor.
But it cannot be worked until a way is
opened to markets. It cannot be worked
while our produce has to pass through the
houses of tha California merchants, and
submit to the system of traffic their in
genuity has invented or while it in any
manner takes the slow circuitous and ex
pensive route by way of the isthmus.
"We are here to-day because the people
of Oregon have begun to put their hands
together and are striking a blow in the
right direction.
The breaking of ground for a line of
railway np the Willamette valley is the
first of a series of steps that is to link
Oregon with the great centers of com
merce and wealth, and give impetus to
our exertionj.
There is no danger of too many outlets
of trade. There is no danger of too many
roads. It has hardly ever happened that
a railroad was built that was not needed.
Such a thing is next to impossible.
I hope to see the two roods now about
starting from tbis place moveoi. with even
and rapid pace to some proper point well
up tbe valley and then join their forces
and push on in tbe most eligible course
tow.ird the Atlantic States.
To Oregon should belong some glory
and some rewards connected with the con
tinental roads. It was an Oregon man
that first promulgated the idea of a con
tinental road.
It was an Oregon man that first offered
to build a road across the then wilderness
continent for a strip of unoccupied waste
land. lie vainly begged and petitioned
Congress for the privilege. lie was on the
right track, but he was one generation in
idvance of the age. Like many great
men. he cot too lar in advance ot ni3
forces. His heart w.isrisrht. and his -head
was level." but the world was about
twenty-five years behind him and did not
come up in time, ihe world "tailed to
onnect."
An Oregon mr.n was the first to project
a great, naiion.il railroad, and it there is
anything tn the signs of the times. Oregon
men will not rest satisfied until the proiect
becomes an accomplished fact.
We shall hail tbe first rapid puffing of
the locomotive as a sign of destruction to
the forests around the city of Portland.
When ihe sound of the train reaches up
the Willamette, and the ground begins to
tremble under the tr.'ad of the iron horse,
waste land will recede oh the right and
the left to give place to cultivated fields ;
the fern will be driven out, our timber
will become merchandise, population will
r li in. ana the hum ot industry will oe
heard from ihe Coast Range to the spurs
of the Cascades, and from the Columbia to
ihi sources of the Willamette. As tbe
line emerges from the valley and leads on
to join Us iron bonds with those nf the
Ceutral Tacitic. or the Union I'ucific. the
hum of industry will sill keep pace with
t:e shriek of the whistle and the jar of tbe
train.
Railroads give life and activity to a
country. aDd encourage men to work. The
ioeomitive running through a productive
country has a wonderful effect on the farm3
in a little while. It drives all the brush
out ot the corners of tbe fences, and roots
out the stumps ; it builds great bams on
the farms ; it straightens out the lines ot
the fences and makes ih m loik as if they
were laid by a snm-jor. Itsets up fttkes
at the corners of tbe fences and puts a
wire on the stakes and lays two rails on
the wire. It gives the fences a good
woim"' and turns all the five and six rail
fence into eight rail fences.
When this great artery of trade is add
ed io the net work of iron roads-that now
almost annihilate distance on the Atlantic
side, won t we visit -the settlements?"'
Won't the old hom .-steads on tho Atlantic
ide get waked up? Won't tbe ladies and
children have a millenium? Eat this
thing is not half a&far off as the millenium
The railroad men know that it will pay,
and tbey are not afraid of anything that
will nay. Thev would saw un Mount
Hood and sell it for whetstones if it would
pay. They know that a railroad will pay
it everybody makes up their mind to travel
and take tbe children. You know we are
all going across on about the first train,
and then all onr friends on the other B'de.
and most all our friends' friends will start
anout tbat time to come and see m. Every
body will be bond t travel, for every-
railroad mn has found out that roads pay
in proportion to the quantity of business.
They won't build a railroad where the
farms won't rain produce, nor whera the
ladies and children won't travel on the
cars.
They know that their money lies in low
prices, heavy freights and rapid business.
Tbey know they have got to arrange it so
that everybody can afford to travel, and
then everybody wVl travel. They know
that they can carry grain from here to
New York for not more than three or four
times what it now costs to furnish sacks
for the grain, and that in t'me a healthy
competition will compel them to do it at
that rate. But if there is business enough
to keep a road fully employed, tbey have
no fear of the result.
There is nothing worth raising that will
not at times be worth carrying long dis
tances by railroad. There are persons
here to-day who will live to see Oregon
potatoes sold at handsome profits iu the
city of New York. There will be times
when one or another of their crops fail in
the East, that the East will want every
particle that Oregon can spare. Nearly
every year there will be some Oregon
product at tiuies one of our staples
that will be in demand on the other side
at prices that will make the freight a mere
trifle in comparison. How soon there will
be railroad connection from here to the
other side is not tor us to say ; but it is
plain io see tbat our material advance
ment depends very much on that question.
Our active prosperity as a State will not
be fairly and fully under way until that is
accomplished.
To those gentlemen who have visited us
with a view to railroad construction. I
think I may say we are not a; raid of foreign
capital. We want them to put all their
money in here if they will, and then come
themselves and make themselves a home
with us. We think by the time the in
vestments are made and the business fair
ly under way, they will be captivated
with this cc.iirtry and choose it as their
own. We will welcome them heartily.
IIn. J. N. Dlph followed Judge
Upton, nnd recounted a few facts in
th history of Ongon which were at
tentively listened to, and loud'y aps
plauded. He scid :
This is a great day in the history of our
State. That was a reat day in the history
of Ihe Territory of Oregon, when the claims
of Great Britain to ths sovereignty of tlii
sod were relinquished, and the stais and
stripes the emblem of our nationality
floated proudly over the pioneers of this ihe
western wilderness, and the United States
extended over them the protecting JEgis of
her laws.
And the day that Oregon's star was ptaccd
in the galaxy of the Union, inarkeo uu event
in our tu.-tory well calculated to inspire
those who had struggled against the disad
vantages incident to pioneer life to roar here
the standard if civilization and liberty, with
enthusiastic hope for the future.
And when a few years since we assembled
to celebratf the completion of the telegraph
lir.r, that unites us by au electric nerve with
it: civilized wcrld, and when we compared
the past with the then presmt and realized
th-it the great distance which had separated
us as it were from the great family of States,
from home ana its associations, was anni
hilated by enterprise and science, we con
gratulated 'nch other and rejoiced and said
that tbis is the great day ia the history of
our State.
But I sec in the auspicious events of this
day, no less cause fur rejoicing. They ure
pregnant with the futme prosperity, not
alone of this city aud of this v alter, but of
the whole riti.te ; to what extent uo living
man can say; out 1 believe tar beyond what
the most sanguine have piedicted. Time
will not permit nor would it be appropriate
ou this occasion to detail the advantages to
be derived from the completion of this great
work.
Hut looking at the advantages and sur
roundings of our htate, and judging by the
experience of the past, what a career of
prosperity open up in the future.
Glance at the history of the Empire State
upon this matter of internal improvements;
how has her resources been developed and
her wealth increased by her wise policy iu
building railroads and canals.
About half a century ajjo, De Witt Clin
ton, inspired by foresight and sugycity, con
ceived the idea of uniting the waters of the
Atlantic ocean with the waters of the great
lakes, and although men were found to scoff
at the idea as visionary, New York engaged
in thj great work of constructing the Eric
Canal. To-day not only has this great work
been accomplished and enlarged until it is
navigated by steam vessels, but two lines ot
railroads running through the State from
eas.t to west, are found insufficient for the
demands of commerce. And New York
holds her proud position among the States,
not so much by the reason of the richness
of her soil, or any natural advantages over
her sister States, as by her sagacity to fore
see the growth aDd wants of ttie Great West,
and the enterprise of her people and by
these great works made the thoroughfare
over which passes its commerce. Who cm
lookback upon the hi.-tory of New Yoik
and see prosperity, wealth und power steadi
ly keeping pace vith the enterprise of her
citizens and doubt the true policy of a State?
If t-me would permit, it would be inter
esting t trace the history of railroads in the
Great West. To the West, the railroad has
been the pioneer of civilization.
Wherever its fiery coursers speed, the
wilderness, as if by magic, "is made to bud
and blossom as the rose." Land that be
fore found no market at the Government
price; is transformed in a few months to
valuable farms, and cities, aud villages, like
Jonah's xourd, spring up in a nijilit.
Hitherto the time when we tdiall feel the
inspiring energy of this great ageucy of pros
perity has existed only in hope; to-day it
requires no prophetic vision to behold the
realization.
We are fast being bound to our common
country by bands of iron and ties stronger
than hooks of steel, in the Central I'acitic
Railroad fast hastening to a completion, and
iu the beauti'ul laueua;e of another, 'be
fore the close of iSj"(i, the iron horse will
mingle at one run the smoke of his nostrils
with the spray of both oceans."
When tlii.s great work is completed. Ssn
Francisco and .New York will be nearer
together than San Francisco and I'oitland ;
tiie commerce of the Atlantic and ft citic
will be bound together, and the plains over
which it stretches and the mountains it
scales, will wake from nature's solitude to
the whirl and activity of advancing civiliza
tion, pouring over tbe great thoroughfare a
continual stieaui.
A still more important enterprise to this
State is the Northern Pacific Kail road, mut
ing the great lakes with I'uget Sound des
tined to be the great thoioughfaie across
the Continent over which the great Contin
ent of Asia, with its six hundrtd millions of
inhabitants, wiil pour its commerce.
When these ureal enterprises are complet
ed, a tide of immigration from all the other
portions of the Union is sure to set in for
the Pacific Coast. Not alone restless ad
venturers in search of fortune, baring no
interest in the country, but the hardy sons
of toil, ringing their means and their fami
lies to establish homes for themselves and
their children.
The ever-increasiDg tide of foreign immi
gration instead of being swallowed up in
the great cities ol the East, or even the broad
prairies of ttie West, will pour over the
Kocky Mountains into our fertile valleys
a source of wealth and au clemeut of growth
to the State.
lletweeu the termini of these great thoro
ugh a.es San Francisco and Puget Sound
lies our youthful State, containing all the
elements ot greatness, with a combination
of advantages unsurpassed by any portion
of the globe. Almost in sigh't in the great
treasure vaults of nature, wailing the develop
ing industry of the comiug millions, is stored
gold and silver sutlicieut to supply the most
extravagant demands of the family of man.
Mines rivling iu richness the wonderful
grottoes of the Arabian Nights wasting no
Genii of lamp or riug to uuf'old their tieas
ur?s, but ready to vield them up to honest
emerprise and sturdy labor.
Coal and eopper mines of untold richness
nnd extent, wait to supply the wants and
swell he wealth of the Siate. Aud already,
but a few miles shore us, upon the bank of
the beautiful river that rolls at our feet, the
crude ore of a more useful metal is beiug
fitted to minister m ten thousand ways to
the wants of mankind.
The hum of the loom and the whir of ma
chiuerr is heard in our cities and villages,
sad enliven the solitude of our mountains
and valleys.
We have a soil unsurpassed for richness
that yields surely and bounteously to the
labor of the busbaodmaD. Forest aud prai
rie, hiITidc "d Taller, arc ready to add
their rewards of ind-astfy. 'W'e hare cli-
-
snd situated as we are at the mouth of one
of the great rivers of the continent, it re
quires but little forecast to predict for our
own State a commercial greatness second to
no part of the Pacific coast. The surplus
products of our fertile plains wilt yet sup
ply the mountain regions of the Pacific
slope, the markets of Europe, the teeminu
millions o? Asia and the islands of the sea,
while competing, as they novy do, in the
home markets of the most distant States ot
the Union
Commerce shall lay at our feet the products
of every clime. The winged lightning, obe
dient to our behest, dashes the news'of the
hour from the historic scenes of the Old
World, under old ocean's bed, and across
the continent, for our entertainment and
profit.
Situated as we are at the farthest extreme
of the Republic, we enjoy all the blessings
of the general goreruiue'nt, while we bear
but few of its burdens, We reposed in
peace, protected by the name and power
of this great nation, while the clouds of war
that lately hung over the land never rose
above the mountain tops to scatter their hor
rors among us. Commercial reverses and
money panic spend their force before ttuy
reach our shores, and we rest secure, undis
turbed by a thousand causes that overwhelm
in disaster many of our sister States. Yet
the Slats languishes. Une thing is needed
to develop its resources and secure all these
advantages, and that is cheap transportation
the completion of the great work the
commencement of which we now celebrate
a railroad connecting these two great
trans continental roads.
When this is completed, the immigration
over both these gr eat routes will pour into
our State, a uniform market will be. brought
to our doors, cheap transportation wi'd secure
a remunerative price fr
our surplus pro-
ducts, aud the steam whistle of the locomo
tive that first wakes the echoes of this val
ley will be a magic sound that will wake up
the slumbering energies of the State and
start it on .v ai d in an unexampled career of
prosperity. Twe ty years from this time,
two lines of railroads running through the
State will be insufficient for the demands of
the commerce of the State.
This road will be built. The ability and
known energy of the contractors give pro
mise that the work will be rushed, forward
to completion without delay ; and it may not
be inappropriate to notice here that the first
steamboat that ever plowed the waters of
the Upper Columbia was the James P. Flint,
in honor of the worthy gentleman of that
name, now here representing tue contractors.
May I not speak for this company, the Co
operation and assistance of this'whole State,
the usual contributions of its citizens and
the liberal aid of" the State and National
Government. In no other way can money
be more usefully or remuneratively expend
ed. The money spent in war, instead of in
creasing tho national wealth and advancing
the national prosperity, leaves whole districts
of country depopulated and devastated the
people in poverty, the nation in debt ; but
the money expended in developing the re
sources of a nation, in facilitating its com
merce and uniting in ties of common inter
est its remotest terriu ry, adds to its wealth
increases its prosperity, cud proriJus guar
antees tor its future stability.
The money expended to rear costly capi
tols and other public buildings and "monu
ments may be expensive luxuries without
adequate returns lor the expenditure.
While the Pyramids of Egypt stand as
monuments of the astonishing power and
grandeur of the Egyptian monarchy, more
than two thousand years before the Christ
ian Era, they also stand as mouumeuts of tho
folly of their builders.
But the work you seek to build will stand
as a monument of public spirit, sagacity
and energy of its projectors uud builders,
dispensing iis blessing to the citizens of the
State and their descendants.
Fellow -Citizens, looking from this small
beginning Io the future of our Suite, when,
au 1 confidently believe, our most ardent
hopes shall be more than realized, I miugle
my congratulations with yours.
Several other gentlemen made
brief conrjtulatory speeches, and at
about three o'clock the vast assem
blage dispersed to their hotels, steam
ers and homes, full of hope for the
prosperity of Oregon, and realizing;
that they had witnessed the begin
ning of a work which was sura to
bring us all, as a State the wealth
and greatness so confidently predict
ed by the several speakers.
It is ten days since the work was
commenced aa above described. It
is so rapidly progressing that two
miles per week will be graded ready
to receive the ties and as soon as
certain matters are arranged at
Portland, preliminary to the cross
ing of the Willamette river, the iron
and heavy materials, such as locomo
tives will begin to arrive. F'ur lo
comotives the Willamette, Umpqua,
Geo. L. Wood atid the . 72. 2ifuores,
have been purchased and are en
route.. Iron for the road, as far as
Salem, has uUo been purchased
in the Eastern oities to come out in
installments, l'eople all along the
line, will be solicited for aid to the
enterprise, rijrht of way, etc., and we
trust that the good Reuse of commu
nity everywhere, will govern their
action, and that none will withhold
encourayenn.it.
D. M. McKenney, An over.,
grown .apostate from the Republican
rat ks, threatens us violently. We
offered Air. MeKmney the use of
our columns to refute the impressions
in this community regurditi him.
That if he h not Calchas, nnd that if
those impressions were without foun-
dation, we should still be his friend,
regardless of the course he has taken
politically otherwise, matters be
tween him, us, and the public, to re
main ns they are. His threats of vi
olence are no terror to os. He un-
stands onr opinion of Co.lch.as, and if
he ift Calchas he is onr enemy, and
has been nil along though prnfefminjr
friendship for us, if he is not CaJchas
let him establish tne fact satisfact
orily, and we hal treat him respect
fully otherwise vre have a very
poor opinion
of him.
By private letter from San Fran
cisco, w are informed that a new
vessil, purchased for this trade will
not appear here but has been stnt
away for tha Mediterranean trade
The North .American Gmpnny do
not intend to assist ns, only as it
may be done on routes from San
Francisco to New York. Ste ad
vertisement.
The Willamette Iron Works,
at Portland, are building the engines
for Capt.. Baughman's new steamer,
above the falls. The Captain wiU be
ready for the fall trade, and intends
To run between Eugene City and
Oregon City. We hope he will be
able to connect with the Oregon
Central Railroad, nt this
non jobttanl clameur de haro.
poivt ;
Various items are deferred for
0;
&l)e iUrclrln 03iitcrpvioc.
Oregon City, Oregon :
X". C. KifeLAXD, EDITOR AND PnCl-KIETOR.
Saturday, April 25th, 1863.
Appoiaiiurutifor tU Cniplgn.
Hov. DAVID LOGAN, and Hon. JOSEPH
S. SMITH, the Union and Democratic can
didates for Congress, will address the people
as follows. Speaking to commence each day
at 1 o'clock p. m.:
Harrisburir. Tuesday, April 2Sth.
Brownsville, Wednesday, April 2'Jth.
Scio. Friday, May 1st.
Silverton, Saturday, Mjv 2d.
Dallas, Mondav, May 4th.
McMinnville. Tuesday, May Sth.
llillaboro Wednesday, May 6th.
UIU. TICKET.
FOU PRESIDEXT,
Gen. ULYSSES S. GRANT
Subject to the action of the National
Union Convention.
For Presidential Elector,
A. B. M EACH AM, of Union county.
Dr. W. BOWLBV, of Washington.
O. JACOBS, of Jackson.
For Kepresciitallve In Congre,
Hon. DAVID LOGAN,
Ol' Multnomah.
For District Judge,
2d District JOHN KF.I.SAY, ot Benten.
4th do W. W. Ul'ToN,of Portland.
For District Attorney.
2d District I). M. RISDO.V, of Lane.
3d " J. C. I'OWKLL, ot Lion.
4th " A. C. GIBBS, of Portland.
Ma. " C. M. FOSTLlt, of Baker.
CLACKAMAS COUNTY TICKET.
State Senator. T P. Thompson.
lleprcscntaticcs. James Winstoa, I. W.
Garrett and D. P. Trullinger.
Sheriff. Major J. S. Rinearson.
Cleric. J. M. Frazer.
'J rca.surc. John .Meldrum.
Assessor. M. Pattersou.
County Comiiiissioners. J. M Drake, J.
M. Deurilorff.
Superintendent of Schools. B. Killin.
Surveyor. S. S. Campbell.
Coroner. Dr. Barclay.
St. Louis is now shipping wheat
in bulk, direct to European ports.
When Johnson is sent, home,
Wade will return Phil. Sheridan to
New Orleans.
T. Darcey McGee was iot dead
at Ottawa Canada on the 1th by a
supposed Fenian.
The Wasco Woolen Manufac
turing Company are progressing with
their work.
We return our thanks to Wash
iiigton Base Ball Club, for an invita
tion to attend their May-day feslivi
ties at Oro Fino Hall, Vancouver, on
Friday evening next, and only regret
ur inability m be present. We wish
a!i the participants a pleasant time.
Messrs. llurireii & Shiudlrr are
now recfiv'ng goods direct from the
Earft. They have a full stock on
hand, und will continue to order ref.
ularly from the bct Eastern manu
factories. We are very glad to hear that the
C. O. and M. S S. company have
ccnclnded to dispatch a steamer from
San F rancisco once a week, hereaf
ter. Byandby a daily line will be
insufiieit-nt for t fie business.
It is reported that the. sai'i'ng
vessels now on the way from S.n
Francisco, are bringing freight at
three dollar per ton. It is very
bkily that the unusual number of
them, soon to be here, together with
more frequent steamer arrivals, may
t-tfect u reduction of the price of down
freights.
The Record says that a man named
Soott, employed on the Fannie Patton,
came near loosing his life a few days
since, by fulling overboard while dip
ping a bucket of water. The com
pany should atTjrd pumps for their
bouts.
Mr. James I. Flint, who was in
this city a few days since, is the
senior member of the well known
Boston and San Francisco house of
Flint, Peabody & Co. Many of our
citizens will remember the Jus. P.
Flhtt, the firnt steamboat ever built
above the Cascades on the Columbia,
and which commenced running in
I Sol. This boat ws built by the
Bradfords and others. Mr. F. is a
relative of the Bradfords, and had
bushiess relations with them at that
time; so that the vessel was named
in honor of him. Mr Flint ha been
connected with the financial manage
ment of prominent railroad euterpris
e, including the Pacific railrond, and
the interest he takes in the Oregon
Central is a guarantee of the enter
prise, and of the certainty of success.
The Dkmociuiic State Ticket.
Following are the nominations by
the recent State Convention : For
Congress, Jos. S. Smith. For Pros
idential Electors, S. F. Chadwick, of
Douglas county ; John Burnet, of
Benton county, Jas. II. Slater, of
Union countv. First Judicial Dis
trict For Prosecuting Attorney, W.
G. T Vault. Second Judicial Dis
trictFor Judge, L. F. Moaner ;
Prosecuting Attorney, R. L.Strahan.
Third Judicial District For Pros
ecuting Attorney, C. G.Curi. Fourth
Judicial District For Judge, W. F.
Trimble; Prosecuting Attorney, J.
H. Reed. Fifth Judicial District
For Prosecuting Attorney. W. B
L-isvrell.
One orlcha' L.U- XuiUd.
Clacsamas Cocstt, April 19th, lfi63.
Editor Enterprise :
Mt attention havinz been called to an ar
ticle in the Oregon Herald, signed Calchas.
in which Sheriff" Burns is charged with
purchasing from me a quantity ot County
Scrp for which he paid me in Greenbacks,
and then purchase the Greenbacks o! me
for 75cts. on the dollar in coin. 1 wish to
state to the public in jtibtice to myself as
well as Mr. Burns, that the tharge is basely
false. JSo such transaction ever transpired
between Mr. Burns and myself. I never sold
him ft dime's worth ofScnp. or Greenbacks
for any price, or t anf time, whatever. 1
had a email quanti'y of S-rip which I dis
posed of on terms satisfactory t3 myself,
and us it was my own property I suppose I
had a perfect right to do so But Mr. l!"urhs
knew nothing of tho transaction nor was be
concerned in the matter in any manner Vrhnt
erer, and the statement above referred to is
banely aud maliciously false.
Bkxjami.v F. Jcs x
Comment on the above ia unnece
sary. The hound in human form
(we beg pardon of the dog) who has
for aoine time been writing those
anon) mous lying letters to the Herald
is beneath the notice of resptctable
people. The authorship of the letters
is known to include at least three of
nssa-sin-iike instinct?, whose coin.
bined villainy Calchas fathers. It
would be too great a stigma if onu
heud ind heart in our midst embraced
nil the meanness possible to these
throe. Calchas is of course the big
gest brute of them all, in every sense
of the word, so ho is selected to do
the dirty work for a consideration.
In this way men with hearts as black
as the inf -rual regions, have grossly
s!andend various old and highly es
teemed residents of Oregon City, to
which they have properly made no
reply, and row, in conclusion, we beg
to apologize to our readers for having
given the siubject more attention than
anything so contemptable deserves.
Sweetwater mines are carrying off
the Boise farmers in squads. They
had better stay at home. We be
lieve with the Transcript, that many
ot us heretofore have been floating a
round too much. We never stuck
our stake, and stuck to it. We came
here breathing the gold fever, and we
have never recovered from it. We
expected to acquire riches suddenly :
we failed ; but like Macawber we
have been waiting for something to
turn up without labor. At every
gold excitement, we have whisked off
to the mines, and came back poorer
than before we went. We didn't pre
tend to do much, because the good
time had not come when we should
have an abundance. Now, we want
people who know what they came
for, and are ready to abide the con
sequences. Here is a territory for
thni long and broaj enough for thou,
sands yet ; rich enough in natural re
sources to m ike it the garden of the
world ; with a climate healthy and
invigorating as the blessed isles ol
the sea ; nnd as beau if ol a spot ot
earth's surface as nature can make
the mountains, the forests, the waters
beneath and the heavens above WTe
want them to come as the multi tudes
flx-k from the rast to the we-t
seeking homes for themselves, their
children, and their generations after
them to build our towns, to popu
late our valh y-s, ail our Waters, and
Reek the hubb-n treasures of onr hills
and mountains. C nie with all ther
efemnts of chihzaiioti bringing
beir household gods, th-ir learning,
science, arts and philosophy.
MrKfiiney caiiie out ovrr his
own name last Weilm-sduy i the
Herald, where he reiterate the state
ment of one of his masters, that ve
are guilty of the shunu ful business
of working for our living. We plead
guilty, we do work and earn n.re
than we get, often hut thi n, we sub
mit the question in candor, is not this
more honorable than buinmini; nn
existence off boaroinr-house keepers,
or, when pressed to tnk over, bor
rowing funds from personal friends,
to pay with, 'rhosse in viiutions to re
turn the amount would be answered
by insult.
Some may diieovtrr grains of
ingratitude in the following para
graph, which we clip from he Herald
the day ater the publication of
McKenney 'a last letter :
Men who po about nnd spend
more lime in boasting of than oer
forming their achievements, nre gn-.
era'ly very large iz'd bum. You
can put them in that category, and
will rurely have to make any dis
count. Good Advice. TheOlympia Tran
script says some effort should be made
to attract the mechanics nnd work
ing men of the Atlantic States to our
shores, while they are scattering in
eTery direction seeking employment.
Until capitalists and mechanics of
this region, as well as the farmers
themselves, give their countenance
and support to such things as tends
to advunce their interests, there need
be no hope for much of a change.
Mr. Woodward, Superintendent of
Saiera Flouring mill, h a man whose
acquaintance we have fostered since
1855. We are a very poor judge of
human nature if he ever stoops to do
a mean act. We think our brother
of the Unionist must be incorrect in
the estimation thev place upon Mr
Wood ward.
Dr Win, B. Card well, formerly
of Portland, has finished a course of
study occupying nearly three years
at Bellevue, and returned home.
Wcleo tne aud success.
If you wish the very best Cabiset Fhoto
c.aphs, you must call on Braoi.kt fc Ri-lof-son,
429 "Montgomery street, San Francisco
Willamette Lodge 3io. 151. O. G. T.
Meets every Saturday evening, at the rooms
S.E. corner of Main and Fifth streets, at 7 1-2
o'clock. Visiting members are invited to
attend. By order of W. C. T.
Oregon Lodge No. 3. . O. of O. F.
Meets every Wednesday evening
&2feat 7 o'clock, in the Masonic Hall.
Members of the erdc are in
ited to attend. By order JT. G.
2iinltnomiih L ntge Xo. 1. A, K. Hint
e A. St.' -Holds its regular communi
"j" 'T'cations on the 1'irxt and Third Sat
' urdiiy in each month, at 7 o'clock,
from the 2' ah of September to the 2'tth of
March, and 7$ o'clock from the 2"th of March
to the'Jutli of September. Brethren iu good
standing are iuvited to otteud.
By order of W. M.
IVew Advertisements.
John Nestor, Architect,
OFFICE IX CARTER-S BU1LDIXG,
Front st., I'oi tland Oregou.
FIRST-CLASS RESIDENCES,
inesx Houses, IlalU-, Churches,
Tenements, Cot ta yes, Suburban
Ilesidencts, and
ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF BKICK AXD FRAME
Buildings Designed and Planned
With accuracy, and scrupulously and faith
fully superintended. J?"Owners' interests
considered paramount.
North American S. S. Co.
OPPOSITION
To New York, via Panama!
5th and 20th of Every Month !
rprinE north American steam-
.fiL ship company will dispatch the fust
new steamer
3,000 Tons. ,
.J. It. Kellt Commander.
FOR PANAMA!
From Mission street wharf, at 12 o'clock, M.
TUESDAY, .MAY 5th, 1868,
Connecting via. Panama R. R. at Aspinwall
WITH THE
Company's splendid steamship ARAGO,
Z,'K'0 Tom For SEW YORK.
One hundred lbs. Bangage. frre.
An experienced Surgeon on board.
Medicines and Attendance free.
JCff The Public are cautioned particularly
against misrepresentations made by runutrs
Of the Pacitic Mail steamship company.
The OR EG ONI A AT will sail Mag
2Ht'i, connecting with the Guiding
Star.
J5J for further information nnplv to
I. W. U:VMOXI.i, Acnt
N W cor. Piue and Battery fts., np-stairs,
27. td 1 San Francif-co.
NORTHWESTERN
:m tj rr u .a. l
Life Insurance Company
Of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Organized I 859-
S. S. Drggett President.
Kellogg Secretary.
A. IV.
25,000 Members $3,500,000 Assets.
Business rf the Year IS 67.
Number Insured
Amount Insured. over. .
9.SG6
.$20 OOJ.000 Of)
18;.725 37
Do.95S -i0
Paid claims by Dea;h ......
Paid dividends
A riTRELr
There are but seven Purely Mutual
Companirx doing business in the
United Slates, as per Massa
chusetts reports, and those
seven are the most, suecessful !
The Northwestern
TS ONE OF THE SEVEN!
It makes its ten payment pol.ries non
forfeiliiifj for one-tenth after one
payment. Other companies do
after two or three payments.
No ex'ra charge for frorel'ng to and
from the At'antic States, Europe,
Oregon, or the ELmds.
It has not raised its rates, as some
companies have, to make large divi
dends, but continues at the same
rates as at organization, and
making even larger divi
dends than the easUru companies.
Comparison Endowment Policies
Age Thirty, Ityallc at Forty.
Jfortli western.
Mutual
New England . . .
Manhattan
.$96 24
. li4 58
. 105 25
. 115 10
Equal to a dividend in advance, of
from 10 to 20er cent. Its per
centage of expenses and losses
. on receipts, are less than any
purely Mutual Company.
Investigate our company before Insur
ing liefer by permission tn the
following citizens of Portland:
Rev. W. IT. toy, John Nestor,
A. L. LoTcjoy, lieiiah llrown,
. Michael O'Connor J. 11. Iiobb,
W.J. VanSchuvver, S. G. Skidmorc,
And numerous others. Insured in the
Company.
Elmore & Rwe. General Agents,
513 Montgomery street,
Sax Francisco, Cal.
O. Kilbourn, Local Agent,
i'OBTLAKD, OKKliOX.
J. A. Chapman, M. P.,. . .Medical Exauiiccr
For Rliukg, information, Ac,
Apply to
H. IF. JOHNSTON,
CirUis Block; Portland O rigor..
Atr-tit for Or?!T,n aud the Territories.
ADA
AUCTION AND COMMISSION
A. 15. RiclisirdNoiiT
AUCTIONEER!
Corner of Front and Oak streets, Portlend.
AUCTION SALES
Of Real Estate. Groceries, General MereLn
dise and Horses,
Every Wednesday and Saturday I
A. B. Richardson, Auctioneer.
AT PRIVATE SALE.
English refined Bar and Bundle Iron;
j English Square and Octagon Cast atee'l
Horse shoes, riles, liasps. saws;
Screws, Ffy-pans, sheet iron, R. G Iron
also: '
A large assottment of Groceries andLiquorg.
A. B. f.'icitAiihsCN, Auctioneer.
w. a. ALimiCH. j. c. nunniLL. jonv m'ckaksk
f'CRAKtN, MERRILL& CO,
SIIIPI'INO, COMMISSION AND
Forwarding Merchants,
AGENTS OF TIIE CALIFORNIA,
Hawaiian and Oiegon Packet Lines.
Importers of San Quentin and Carmen
Island Salt, Sandwich Island Sugars, Coffe
Kice, and I'ulu. '
Agents for Proroit!i & Co.'s Preserr4
Fruits, Vegetables, Pickles and Vinegar.
Dealers "in Flour, Grnir., Bacon, Lard k
Fruit, Lime, Cement and Plaster.
Will attend to the Purchase, Sale or Snij
mcnt of Merchandise or Produce iri Nc
York, San Francisco, Honolulu, or Portland,
ALimiCH, MERRILL A CO.j
Nos end 2Q California Street,
San Francisco.
M'CRAKEN, MERRILL A CO.,
K, North Front Slreet, Portland.
MACIC & HATCH,
DENTISTS,
The patronage of those desiring First Clae
Operations, is respectfully solicited.
Satisfaction in all cases guaranteed.
N. IJ. Xitroux Oxyde administered for the
Painless Extraction of Teeth. Also : the
Rhltjohne Spray used for those who prefer it.
Ofmch Corner of Washington and FroDt
streets, Portland. Eutrauce ou Washington
street.
SSTAROFTIIEUNMj
! CELEBRATED J
ISTOTsI AG HBITTERS!j
Thse ffolllnn Stomarh Bittern Tf?rlT Trret )
' a tile, Ufjd fry a fjom alcohol aud Terj bnrtfal ix:gr-
' T"lll j IIIMMW L
TRY
THEM I
TRY
THEM!
JUUUt
FflB 1
YOUR 5
SELF! 3
5 client. A plmt Umic nviA n innpt rrecMe drink J
Ihe Tnk-t i fl-jortcd with toiiiioj rrvupoutW':
J nut T 11 K K biu-r. mttHv fii th Miirnt x-
l-act of va'tmbli onls, lurks nuA r-erli. ate .-0
nir:b'y ad to The rnr f nil s3-:ions tX ht J
' stnmnc' Kirinevp. I,ver ftsH weli. txich It
J jiTin. fever, Dintihu, Lo ..f" Apivrc. rtr. c 0
Kort&UevvrywLere. A. FEXKII.A l' KX. J
J Smc ViycritTrRcr
Dil. HUFELAKD'S
CFLEEItATED
SWISS STOMACH BITTERS.
TRY
IT
The best Purifier of the Blood 1
A Pleasant Tonic !
A very Agreeable Drink !
TRY
IT
Unsurpassed for acting surely li3t
gently on the secretion of the kid
neys, bowels, stomach and liver!
For sale at all wholesale and retail liquor
drug, aud grocery stores.
XO BODY SHOULD BE WITHOUT IT
J. G. Fp'scii, Proprietor.
Tavlok &. 15km)rl, Sola Agcnti,
S'?.1-'! 41.S '!:!- -i.. San Krancisca
.Fisix SeeI for Siilc !
FARKESS IN WANT OF
FLAX SEED FOR SGVIHG !
Can be Supplied upon application
to us. We shall also Le pre.
pared to purchase all setd
oj.red,
At lie Best Market Prices !
Which, from present prices of OH,
will probably b" from 4 to 5 cts.
Ptr Pound !
Vc have on hand, and are prepared
to ship with di-patch, in quantities d'si:.rd,
IMl-cakk Mkai., one of the most nutrition
i nicies jf food known, for all kinds of stock.
Address'
Pacific Lin need Oil and Lead Worts,
King St., near Sd, Sau Francisco,
25.3m California.
" OREGON LEATHER T
The Best on the Coast.
-m. Tlio. Arm st roup,
hi Manufacturer of
ALL KINDS GF LEATHER
MilwackIe, Oregon.
THE UNDERSIGNED WISHES TO In
form DEALERS
AND MANUFACTURERS
That he is prepared to furnish as eood and
durable an article of Leather as can be made
on the Pacific Coast, at the following rates:
Harness Leather, per lb 23 to 30 cents.
Extra heavy, for Concord ;s
Skirting, per pound. 2S to 32 "
Belting, in the side S5 "
Cut, per square foot, $1
Side, upper, " " ig to '20 cents.
Grain Leather " " " is to 22 "
Lijjht Huff, or Grain for Wo
men's work 13 to 20 "
Calfskins, per doz ?3m0 to $-M CO
Kil " " ...... 4000 to 60 00
lii idle, per side . . S Suto 4 0
'Jollar, per side 1 00 to 2 5"
Lace Leather, per side 2 00 to 4 80
I do not think that Hai ness Leather
should necessarily be made inSmita Crur, in
order to stand the test of our climate;
-7 Nor do I think that Behinsr. in order
to bear the strain of Oregon .Machinery, must
be made in the Atlantic States.
ALL I ASK IS A
l.iir Oli a ii e o !
And I will prove, to the satisfaction cf all
concerned, that Oregou Leather is the best
on the Coast.
lT All orders will meet with promr at
tention. Address:
THOMAS ARMSTRONG.
OC.ly) Milwaukie, Oregon.
CLIFF HOUSE.
Mais Street,
Mrgi Xenrhj Opposite Woolen Factory,
W. L. WHITE, I Trcprietor.
T. W. IUIOADES, f lrP1
Oregon City. Orepron.
We invite the citizens of Oregon City, and
the traveling public, to give us a share ot
their patronage. Meals can be had at u
hours, to please the trost fastidious.
Notice to the Public.
I HAVE this dv closed the Barlow House
in favor of the Clitf House. Hope my
old customers will give their liberal Ptr"u'
to the above well kept houne. I ne
will tind Messrs. White & RhoadeaWw
ou baud to make guests comfo Tj q-
Orcein Cir, August 1,17.
A
G
G
O