5
V
i
. O
G
O
0
0
1NAL DEFECTIVE
(D
ViK 1.
OREGON CITY, OREGON, SATURDAY, MARCH 30, 1867.
No. S3.
o
i Jl
. 'ii- ;
'" it ........
I . Oregon City
i i . .
rte--J ' . .. " "
U 1 n 1 iHj JT1 Jf Irk 1 k3 JDj o
k . . i I ,"" .- A . . ... .
KBLMUM EVERT SATURDAY MORNING
Iby D- 0. IRELAND,
l.PR-iE --South east corner of Fifth and
1 u..v streets, in the building lately known
I JJllJ. Court House, Oregon City, Oregon.
Terms of Subscription.
Dae copv, one rear in advance $3
, ' " ll delayed 4
$3 00
00
Terms of Advertising.
' Transient advertisements, one square
ftftt insertion . . . $2 50
- P.!r(Mch subsequent insertion
I 00
Bu.-ines3 Cards one squar e per annum
i payable quarterly 12 00
r Otk column per annum '
One lull column f f
J tai advertising at the established rates.
XSOJf.
O. M COWS.
XoUiry Public.
'.TOHnSON & IYIcCOWN,
HSkIWON 01TV. OREGON.
! f- Will attend to all business entrusted
i .ourre in any of the Court, of the State,
Ulct"money, negotiate loans, sell real es-
I'tad c.ies.
' - o D. 1YI. McKENNEY,
xiitorneifOaad Counsellor at Law
WILL ATT liND PROMPTLY TO ALL
business entrusted to his care.
; OrFiCB One door north of Bell & Parker's
lrag stnreJJregon City, Oregon. 3:ly
r"l sTh UELAT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
t I Oitgon City, Oreg!
Office over Charman & Brother. S:tf
f CLIFF HOUSE.
-sfv Main Street,
early Opposite Woolen Factory.
S-VrSlOAD-ES, -Proprietors.
Oie?n City. Oregron.
We invite the citizens of Oregon City, and
the traveling public, to give us a share of
their patronage. Meals can be tiad .at all
hours, to please the rrost fastidious. 15
; 1 BARLOW HOUSE,
ilain Street, one door north of the "Woolen
factory,
n City ....
Ore.'.'"
.Oregon
, ir
Win. Harlow, Proprietor.
tit -
" Tic proprietor, thankful for the continued
patron:ie he has received, vvotild inform the
public that lie) will continue his efforts to
plst his guests, q (52
BENNETT HOUSE, '
Salem Oregon.
: jf Ij. .AY S Ti UXEY,
WING LEASED THE ABOVE HOTEL
is prepared to accomm.jdate the public
in as good style as any house on the coast.
lie h is determined to make the Bennett as
food as the best, and better than any public
ouse in Salem. Charges moderate.
JUultnbmali I ullage No. J, A
j
V, t A. 31.- -Holds its regular Va
'Communications on the iirst and third Sat
urdays oeach month, at half past six p. m.
Biethren in good standing are invited to
attend. By order of W. M.
Oregon City, Nov. bth, lSGt. S:Iy
'ijj, Oregon l.olg No. 3, I. O.
jlffe of O.F. Meets every Wednes
'v"v!' day evening at 7 o'clock, in tire
Masonic Hall. Members of the order are in
vited to attend. By order N. G. 3:ly
lA illamette L.xlge Xo. 151. O. Ci. T.
Metis every Saturday evening, at the rooms
oS.E. corner of Main and Fifth streets, at 7 1-2
o'clfck. Visiting members are invited to
attemL n7j
s By order of V. 0. T.
J. WELCH,
DEXTIST.
mane nay Located at Oregon, City, Oregon,
Booms over Charman Jb Bto.'s store. Main
iltrect. ( lie. 1 y
M JAMBS Til. BI00BE,
' Justice of the Peace cC" City Recorder.
o
Office In the Court House and City
t Council Uoom, Oregon City.
wil. attend to the acknowledgment of
ieeds, and all other duties appertaining to
'
theultice of Justice of the Peace
2:1 y
Dr. F. Barclay, EI. R. 6. L. ,
Formerly Surgeon to thf)Ilon. H. B. Co.)
OFFICE: At jdsidente,.
am Street (52).
. Oregon
City.
i Djr. H. Saffarrans,
fllYSICIAft and SURGEON.
'OFFICE In J. Fleming's Book Store.
i Main street, Oregon. City.
I John Fleming.
Dealer i,. books and statioxery.
Thankful for the patronage heretofore re
tened, respectfully solicits a continuance
f lue favors of a generous public.
Ilis store is between Jacobs' and Acker
toin s bricks, on the west side of Maiu street,
Oregon City, October 27th, '66. (tf
Professor A. J. Rutjes,
TEACHER OF MUSIC.
ATILL be glad to receive a number ot
Jr. Y Pupils at his Music Room, at the pri
e residence of Mr. Charles Xogus. He
wui also continue to give instructions at
private residences.0 charge for the use
VJi pano" pupils will please give me
notice when ready to commence. 3:ly
DaTid smith
u W. H. MARSHALL.
SMITH k MARSHALL,
Stack Smiths and Boiler Makers.
-; Corner of Main and Third streets, a
vregon tJlty Q,,
egon.
.Sttd!1 ! branches. Boiler
uTmi? r;r!Pa-mQ3- All work warranted
Pet
ant(
(52
clAek greenman,
All orders for the delivery of merchandise,
or packages and freight ot vvhateve- descrip
tion, to any part of the city, will be executed
promptly and with care. . 16,6m
William Brcughton,
CONTRACTOR and BUILDER,
Main street, Oregon City.
Will attend to all work in his line, con
sisting in part of Carpenter and Joiner work
framing, building, etc. Jobbing promptly
attended to. (52
JOHN NESTOR,
7D ytn?
Front Street, Portland, Oregon.
ZrT Plans, Specifications, and accurate
work in z If 1 vin r rf;l short f e
after the latest approved style. (ly)
OREGON CITY
ERE WEE Y !
iiaving purchased the above Brewery,
wishes to inform the public tliut he is now
prepated tvi manutiicttae a o. I quality of
IMAGER HE Eli!
As good as can beobtained an where in the
iate. Oider.s solicited ami tMomntly tilled.
Or. gon City, December 2Mb, lGti. " Kuf
LOGUS & ALBRIGHT,
EXCELSIOR MARKET !
Corner of Main and Fourth sts.,
Ongon City Oregon,
TAKE this method of informing the pub
lic that they keep constantly on Viand
all kinds of fresh and salt meats, such as
BEEF, PORK, MUTTOX, VEAL,
COKXED- B E E F, PICKLED- FOR K,
HAMS, LAPP,
And everything else, to be found in their
Hue of business. LOU US & ALBRIGHT.
Oregon City, November I, J 665. 2.ly
Msiyef's Msirltct !
IN MOSS' BUILDING, MAIN STREET,
Oregon City
rpHE UNDERSIGNED WILL
JL keep on hand all the vari-
eties ot tresUana cured meats : JJ J
POULTRY, VEGETARLES,
Corned Bt-rf and Pork.
Bacon, Hams, Lard, Tallow,
(t'C, C"C, -c.
A liberal share of patronage is solicited,
as I expect to keep as good an assortment,
and of as good quality as the country affords,
which will be delivered to purchasers at any
reasonable distance in the citv.
(J.Iy 11. MAYER.
JOHX MYERS. 18GG. H. C. MYERS.
J. MYERS & BROTHER,
Cltcsap 12a.ttia Store !
Under the Court House, in Oregon, City.
Dry Goods, Boots and Shoes. Clothing,
Groceries, Hardware, etc., etc.,
Wh'u:h they propose to seU as cheap as any
J louse in Oreqon.
Oregon City.' October 23, 180(1. 2:ly
JOIInT schram
Manufacturer and Dealer in
SADDLES, HARNESS, etc., d-c,
Main street, between Third and Fourth,-
Oregon City.
nPHE attention of parties desiring anything
1 in my line, is directed to my stock, be
fore making purchases elsewhere.
(ly) JOHN SCHRAM.
A. LEVY,
Main Street, at the Telegraph Office
Givgoii Cily O: gn.
Dealer in
Ke iter's Ready nude Clothing,
Cigars, 'lobar co. Pipes. Stationery,
Cutlfnj, Willow and, M ooden
H are, Yankee Nti ns.
Fancy and staple Groceries, Candies, Nuts,
Toys, etc. 'ri
Fashion Billiard Saloon
iiain street, between Second and Third,
Oregon Cily.
j. C. Blann, Proprietor.
THE above long established and popular
Saloon is y?t a favorite resort, and as
only the choicest brands ol Wines, Liquors
and Cigars are dispensed to customers a
share of the public patronage is solicited,
(ly) J. C. MANN.
SHADES SAL00N
Weit Side Main Street, het en- Second hud
Third, Oregon City.
GEORGE A. HAAS
Proprietor.
The proprietor beirs leave to inform his
friends and the public generally that the j
above named popular sab 011 is open for their j
accommodation, witha new and well assort
ed supply of the finest brands of wines,
liquors and cigars. 52
THE GEM.
Main Street, opposite the Post Office, Oregon
City.
E. PAYNE Proprietor.
The undersigned taes this method of in
forming the public that he has purchased
the above saloon, ana now offers a choice and
well selected stock of foreign and domestic
wines, liquors, etc., which cannot fail to
please those who may extend their patron
age. The best Lager Beer, Ale and Porter
in the State, always on draught.
3:1 yj E. PAYNE.
PONY SALOON.
Main street, Oregon City;
Adjoining the Brick Store of
S. Ackerman.
JAMES MANX, Propr.
This popular saloon is always supplied
with the very best quality of Wines and
Liquors, Ale, Porter. Beer and Cider, Cigars
and Tobacco. Give me a call.
T:lyj J AMDS MANN.
Deeds, IVot Wordst
Not forever on thy knees,
Would Jehovah have thee found j
There are burdens thou canst ease;
There are griefs Jehovah sees j
Look around.
Work is prayer if done for God,
Prayer which God delighted hears,
See beside yon upturned sod
One bowed 'neath affliction's lod;
Dry her tears.
Not l( ng prayers, but earnest zeal j
Tir.s is what is wanted more,
Put thy shoulder to the wheel ;
Bread unto the famished deal
From thy store.
Not high sounding words of praise
Does God want, 'neath some grand dome 5
But that thou the fallen raise ;
Bring the poor from life's highways
To thy home.
Worship God by doing gcod ;
Works, not words ; kiud acts, not cfeed3
He who loves God as he should.
Makes his heart's love understood
By kiud deeds.
Deeds are powerful mere words weak
Batt'iing at high heaven's door,
Let thy iove by actions speak ; m
Wipe the tear from sorrow's cheek
Clothe t; e poor.
Be it Uiiue life's cares to smother';
And to brighten eyes now dim,
Kind :eeds done to one anotner,
God accepts as done, my brother,
Unto iiiiu.
ABkaitkil Tiiuluht. Li.e is beauti
fully compared to a lountuin ted by a
thousand streams, that perishes if one is
dried, it is a silver chord twisted with a
thousand strings, that parts assunder if one
is broken. Frail and thoughtless mortals
are surrounded by innumerable dangers,
which make it much more strange that
they escape so long, than that they all per
ish suddenly at last. We are encompassed
with accidents every day to crush the
moldermg tenements that we inhabit. The
seeds ol disease are planted in our consti
tutions by nature, 'ihe earth and the at
mosphere, whence we draw the breath ot
liie, is pregnant with death. Health is
made to operate in its destruction ! The
food that nourishes contains the elements
of decay ; the soul that animates it by
vivify ing lire, tends to wear it out by ita
own action ; death lurks in ambush aiong
our paths. Notwithstanding this the truth
is so palpably confirmed by the d uly ex
amples before our eyes, how Ltiie do we
lay it to the heart ! We see our friends
and neighbors perishing among us, but
how seldom does it Occur to our thoughts
that our knell shall, perhaps, give the next
fruitless warning to the world!
Church Incident. The following is go
ing the rounds : ' A minister of a west
ern village found, one Sabbath, a notice
which had been cut from a Saturday's
newspaper, and placed in his desk for him
to read to his congregation. But, by a
strange coincidence, there happened to be
printed on the other side of the same slip
the advertisement of a certain shoe dealer,
a prominent member of his church, and
without turning the paper to read the
other side, as the advertisement met his
eye, the good man concluded it was ex
pected he would read it. Accordingly, to
the surprise of all. he announced, at the
usual time for reading notices ' George
S. Brown keeps constantly on hand and
lor sale, a large and well selected assort
ment of boots and shoes, which he will sell
low for cash, at No. 10 Pine street.' And
he added: 'Brother Brown is a worthy
member of the church and society, and
deserving the patronage of the congrega
tion.' The consternation of brother Brown
may be better imagined than described."
Who's the Fool? Some merchants went
to an I-ustein sovereign, and exhili ed for
sale several j ery fine hoi sea. The K ng
admired them and bought them ; he more
over, gave the merchants a lac of rupees
to purchase more horses for him. The
King one day in a sportive humor, ordered
the vizier to make out a list of all the fools
in his dominions. He did so, and put his
name at the head Of them. The King
asked why. He replied, "Because you
entrusted a lac of rupees to men you don't
know, and who will never comeback."
"Ay, but suppose they should come baek?"
" Then I shall erase your name and insert
theirs."
A Ditch Toast. The following toast
was given at the St. Nicholas banquet in
New York recently :
lloi.LAxn Land of Dyke3 and Van
Dykes, oi" brooks and Ten Brooks, of pools
and Vander Pools, of schooners and
Schoonraukers ; land of cities with euphon
eous names ot Saadam. ?:nd Edirtan. and
Amsterdam", and Rotterdam ; land of cider
and Zyeer Zees ; proprietor of bottom land
on the largest known European scale.
Broad-based Holland, hail.
WitD Bill. Wild Bill, who has been
given so much notoriety in Harpers'
Monthly, was formerly a stage driver on!
the Overland route, between Denver and
Atch'mson, and is now a gambler at Junc
tion City, Kansas. There are plenty oi as
great heroes and reckless fighters, all
through the western country.
Change of Custom. According to the
Boston Journal the peculiar people of1 the
Hub" are returning to their old ways. It
says that parties are now given to grown
people which are-announced on the cards
as commencing at three o'clock p. ji., and
j terminating at eight o'clock p. m.
Tlie Sto.yoftheXose.
ONE OF M. LABOITLAYE S NEW FAIRY STORIES.
At Dewitz, in the neighborhood of
Prague, there onCe lived a rich and whim
sical old farmer, who had a beautiful
daughter. TLe students of Prague, of
whom there were at that time twenty-five
thousand, often walked in the1 direction of
Dewitz. and more than one of thenl offer
ed to follow the plow in hopes of becom
ing the son-in-law of the farmer. The first
condition that the cunning peasant set on
each new servant, was this : " I engage
you." he would say, " for a year, that is.
till the cuckoo sings the return of spring ;
but if. from now till then, you say once
that you are not satisfied, I will cut off
the end of your nose. I give you the same
right upon me," he added, laughing. And
he did as he said. Prague was full of
students with the end of their noses glued
on. which did not prevent an ugly scar,
and still, bad jokes. To return from the
farm d sfigured aud ridiculed, was well
calculated to cool the warmest passion.
A young man by the name of Coranda,
somewhat ungainly in manner, but cool,
adroit and cunning, which are not bad
aids in making one's fortune, took it in
his head to try the adventure. The far
mer received him with his usual good na
ture, and, the bargain made, sent him to
the field to work. At breakfast time the
other servants were called, but good care
was taken to forget Coranda. At dinne
it was the same. Coranda gare himsdf
no trouble about it. He Went to the
house, and while the farmer's wife was
feeding the chickens, unhooked an enor
mous ham from the kitchen rafters, took a
huge loaf from the cu board, and went
back to the fields to dine and take a nap.
Are you satisfied ?" cried out the far
mer, when he returned at night.
' Perfectly satisfied," said Coranda ; " I
have dined better than you have."
At that instant the farmer's wife caine
rushing in, crying that her ham was gone.
Coranda laughed and the farmer turned
pale.
" A ham is only a ham," answered his
master. Such a trine does not trouble
me." But alter that time he took good
care not to leave the stuient fasting.
Sunday came. The fanner and his wife
seated themselves in the wagon to go ta
church, saying to Coranda, It is your
business to cook the dinner. Cut up the
piece of meat you see yonder, with onions,
carrots, leeks, and parsley, and boil them
all together in the great pot over the
kitchen fire."
" Very well," answered Coranda.
There was a little pet dog at the farm
house by the name of Parsley. Coranda
killed him, skinned him, cut him up with
the. meat and vegetables, and put the
whole to boil over the kitchen fire. When
the farmer's wife returned she called her
favorite ; but, alas! she saw nothing but a
bloody skin hanging by the windows
" What ha you done ?" said she to
Coranda.
" What ycit ordered, me mistress. I
have boiled the meat, onions, carrots and
leeks, and Parsley in the bargain."
" Wicked wretch !" cried the farmer,
' had you the heart to kill the innocent
creature that was the toy of the house?"
" Are you not satisfied ?" said Coranda,
taking his knife from his pocket.
" I did not say that," returned the far
mer. " A dead dog is nothing but a dead
dog ;" but he sighed.
A few days after the' farmer and his
wife went to market. Fearing the terrible
servant, they said to him. "Stay at home,
and do exactly what you see others do."
" Very well," said Coranda.
There was an old shed in the yard, the
roof of which was falling to pieces. The
carpenters came to repair it, and began,
as usual, .by tearing down the roof. Cor
anda took a ladder and mounted the roof
of the house, which was quite new.
Shingles, lath, nails, and t les. he tore off
everything, and scattered them all to the
1 ll'l .1 n , 1 ,1
winus. i uen tue iarmer returned, tue
house w as open to the sky.
"illian!" said he, what new trick
have you played me ?"
' I have obeyed you master," answered
Coranda. You told me to do exactly
what I saw others do. Are you not satis
Ged ?" And he took out his knife.
" Satisfied ?" said the farmer ; " why
should not I be satisfied? A few shingles
more or less will not ruin me." But he
sighed.
Night came, and the farmer and his wife
said to each other it was high time to git
rid of this incarnate demon. xVs is always
the casC with sensible people, they never
did anything without consulting their
daughter, it being the custom in Bohemia
to think that children always had more
wit than their parents.
" Father," said Helen, I will hide in
the great pear tree early iri the morning,
and Call like a cuckoo. You can tell Co
randa the year is up, since the cukoo is
singing ; pay him and send him away."
Early next morning the plaintive cry cf
the cuckoo came from the fields. The far
mer seemed surprised. Welf, my boy,
spring has come," said be, " Do ytfu hear
the cuckoo singing yonder f I will pay you,
and we will part good friends."
" A cuckoo !" said Coranda ; that is a
bird which I always wanted to see."
He ran to the tree and shook it with all
his might, when behold a young girl fell
from the branches, fortunately more scared
that hurt.
" Villain !" cried the farmer.
" Are you not satisfied ?" said Coranda,
opening his knife.
" Wretch ? you would kill toy daughter,
and you think I ought to be satisfied ! Be
gone, if you would not die by my hand !"
"I will go when I have cut off your
nose," said Coranda. " I have kept my
word ; do you keep yours?"
"Stop!" said the farmer, putting his
hands before his face ; " you will surely
let me redeem my nose ?"
" It depends on what you offer," said
Coranda.
' Will you take ten sheep for it?"
No."
" Ten Cows ?"
No, I would rather cut off your nose."
And he sharpened his knife on the door
step. Father," said Helen. " the fault was
mine ; it belongs to me to repair it. Co
randa. will you take my hand instead of
my father's nose ?"
" Yes'' replied Coranda:
" I make one condition," said the young
girl. " we will make the same bargain ;
the first of us that is not satisfied aftf
marriage shall have his nose cut off by the
other."
" Good." said Coranda, " I would rather
it were the tongue ; but that will come
next."
Never was a finer wedding seen at
Prague, and never was there a happier
household. Coranda and the beautiful
Helen were a model pair. The husband
and wife were never heard to conlplait! of
each other, they loved with drawn swords,
aud thanks to their ingenious bargain, they
kept for long years both their noses and
their loves.
Statistics of the War. The Washing
ton correspondent of the Chicago Tribune
furnishes that paper with an exhaustive
compilation of the statistics of the war.
The following tables are compiled from
official documents :
ENLISTMENTS BT STATES.
Maine. 70,500 Missouri. . .
New H'pshire. .35,012 Kentucky. .
.119,364
. .75,275
.. 21,1S6
...31,092
. . .s.2sa
V ermont 34,054 Kansas. . . .
Mas'chusetts.. 158,380 Tennessee. .
Rh'de Isl'd 26,3l5 Arkansas..
Conn'cut. . .
.58, 157 North Carolina. .3,150
New York .
Penns'lvania..3'i6,'05 Nevada
Delaware 1 2,265 Oretron
Maryland 47,35o Washington. .
West Virginia:32,!Mi3 Nebraska
Dist. Col'mbia. 18,003 Colorado.,
. .1,080
. .1.-810
. . 064
. .S, 157
. .4,903
. . 2o''
. .f!,551
...2,579
. .1,200
..5,224
. . 545
. .1,065
. .3,530
Ohio
Indiana. . . .
350,20o Dakota.
207,610 New Mexico..
270,ot6 Alabama
.88,802 Florida
.03,072 Louisiana....
.24,032 Mississippi...
.8o,6"0 Texas
Illinois
Michigan. . .
Wisconsin. .
Minnesota. .
Iowa
New Jersey 70,207 Indian Nation
When the war closed there wove in the
field, on the thirtieth day of April, 18C5,
1,000,516 men actually in service, and an
enrolment of 2,245.003 men subject to
draft. This would make the total fighting
force of the Free States, between the ages
of eighteen and forty-five, and in good
physical health, and not including foreign
ers not naturalized, to be 3.245,579 men.
CASUALTIES.
Deaths from wounds
Deaths from disease
. . fiO,oS9
. 184,331
. .100,045
. . .174,577
. . .224,306
, . . 5,390
, .. 22,281
. . '. 7,C62
Desertions
Honorably discharged
Discharged fo" disability. . .
Dishonorably discharged..
Resignations
Missing, &.c
Total.. ...014,031
The Cental System. Nearly all the
principal grain markets in the country
have adopted resolutions agreeing to trans
act business according to the cental
system of weights and measures. The
change substitutes sales by the one hun
dred pounds in place of by the bushel.
This will simplyfy the trade greatly. It is
very easy to reduce the price per hundred
pounds.- The following instances are
given' I
No. 1 Wheat (tier buahel 60 lbs.) $2 06
No. 1 Corn (per bushel 55 lbs). . .
No. 2 O its (per bushel 32 lbs). . .
No 2 Barley (per bushel 43 lbs). .
SO
43
63
For the price of wheat dividing $2.0f
by 60. gives 0343, the price per pound, or
$2.43 the price per cental. Thus amend
ed the above table would read (adopting
the usual rule with last figure :)
No. 1 Wheat per cental $3 43
No. 1 Coin percental
1 44
No. 2 Oats per cental...,
. ..1 34
. ..1 42
No. 2 Barley per cen
tal
Railroad freights are quoted by the cen
tal, and the price of grain would then be
on the same basis, and at the opening of
navigation, water freights would at once
adjust themselves to correspond with quo
tations of railroad freights.
Perseverance of Inventive Genu's.
In accordance with our practice of giving
information upon all improvements in
science, mechanics and the arts, we lay
before the public a statement of the means
by which it is claimed that the dangerous
sub dance known as nitro glycerine is
made non explosive, this is said to be
effected by adding to the explosive oil a
quantity of wood-naptha. In order to
make the nitro glycerine fit for use again,
a quantity of pure water i3 added to the
nnn-exnlosive mixture, and while the
naptha mixes with the Water the nitro
glycerine is separated, find falls to the bot
tom of the vessel. If all this be so. it is1
only another illustration of the maxim
that the human mtnu can uuuuui wunrrw
it can invent.
Microscope. The micro
reals the fact that a little black
sneck of notato-rot the size of a pin head,
contains about two hundred ferocious ani
mals of the beetle shape, and from biting
and clawing each other savagely. ',
TJie Oregon Rauro:va.
As regards Oregon, her resources and
railroad necessities, we have repeatedly
alluded in these columns to the active
competition' by steam on this important
route, and now resume the subject, says
the San Francisco Times. The extremely
low rates of transportation and passage
between San Francisco and Portland, Ore
gon, are conducing largely to stimulate
trade and travel, and promote intercourse
generally between these two places, as
the long lists of passengers' and the heavily
freighted steamers running on this route
amply testify. There are now engaged
regularly in this trade three lines of steam
ers, creating a competition that has re
duced freights from S7 to $10 per ton, in
1865, to $3, in 1866, the present rates
varying from $1 to S3, while the price of
passage may be said to be merely nominal
fare in the cabin being $15, while in
the steerage it is but $5. At these ex
tremely lowr figures some of the steamers
appear to be doing a living business,
though they have forced sailing vessels to
relinquish this trade entirely. The quan
tity of merchandise shipped to Portland,
whence nearly the whole of Oregon. Wash
ington and Idaho, with a portion of Mon
tana, derive their supplies, is enormous ;
the receipts at this port of wheat, flour,
apples, wool, and other agricultural staples
of the north country being proportionably
large ; the whole indicating a thrifiy and
growing trade, and furnishing encouraging
data for those contemplating the construe
tion of railroads connecting the Columbia
with the Sacramento river, projects that
are just now earnestly engaging the atten
tion of the people of both Oregon and
California. Of these enterprises, designed
to complete this line of communication,
there are two : one the California and Or
egon road, to extend from Oroville, in this
State, to the southern boundary of Oregon,
and the other from the latter point to the
Columbia river, passing through the Wil
lamette and other important districts of
the State. The former company has al
ready organized, and has procured from
Congress 6.400 acres per mile of public
land along the line of their road, to aid in
its construction, the Legislature o'f Oregon
having by law agreed to pay the interest
on their bonds to the amount of SI, 000.-.
000, at the rate of seven per cent, per an
num for a term of twenty years. The other
company denominated the Oregon Central
have also recently organized under a law
ef Congress, with a. view to taking pre
liminary measures for building their por
tion of the line. Among the names of the
incorporators are those of Gov. Woods.
United States Senator Corbett, and other
leading men of the State, imparting to the
undertaking an earnest and substantial ap
pearance. This company have issued a
prospectus, stating that they will be pre
pared to open subscription books as scon
as a favorable result is obtained from ne
gotiations now pending with railroad men
and capitalists in the East, who it is confi
dently believed will furnish the required
aid. Agents have meantime been ap
pointed to canvass the counties and towrns
along the line of the road for assistance,
shares being made payable when preferred
in "claimed" or improved lands rated at
a fair cash valuation. The most of the
Oregon papers are in favor of this road
being built, and urge the people to ren
der it every assistance in tbeir power.
That it would benefit the regions pene
trated bv it, admits of no doubt, since it
would bring the San Francisco markets as
near in point of time and cost of transpor
tation as Portland now is to some of the
largest and most valuable farming districts
of the State.- The Willamette Valley and
its tributaries, wi.h their salubrious cli
mate, rich soil, fine timber, and extensive
water-power, constitute one of the most
desirable places of residence, as well as
valuable agricultural and manufacturing
districts to be found in any country ; while
in the'more southern portion of the State
but adjacent to the Lne of this contem
plated improvement, are some ot the best
paying mines on the coast. In no direc
tion leading out of California could arail
road be made to penetrate a section richer
in natural resource?, or having before it a
... "V ,1, it ' V,.i
more promising lutnre man mis. xet
owing to its position, remote from naviga
ble waters, without railways or other
means for the expeditious, cheap and con
venient transportation of its products to
market, the common roads being all but
impassable in wintef; it remains but
sparsely settled, and in a very backward
state of development. With a railroad,
the marketable commodities of this region
could be placed in San Francisco in less
time, and at smaller cost, than is now re
quired to convey them to Portland, after
which they have to make a long sea voy
age to reach this city, a great detriment to
perishable articles, as many of those are
that come to us from Oregon. To the
Umpqua and Willamette Valleys, with
their rich farming and grazing lands, their
capacities for the cheap and successful
growing of fruits, vegetables and wool,
and the valuable mining districts of South
ern Oregon and Northern California, a
railroad would seem fo be a matter of the
first importance, and. as such, entitled to
the ready and earnest support of the in
habitants of those regions. That these
roads, if built, would transact a large and
profitable business, seems probable, while
the cost of their construction, it is esti
mated, would be comparatively email.
Thi! character of the country through
which most of the route lies would be fa
vorable to an easy grade, the right of way
would cost little or nothing, while along
the entire line timber for tho superstruc
ture could be had close at hand, and tree
cf expense. Rich and extensive iron beds
are known to exist in the Willamette Val
ley, With wood, water and other surround
ings favorable to the manufacture of this
metal, some of which has already been
produced on a limited scale. It is found
to be of a very superior quality, and is
pronounced by judges well adapted to
railroad purposes, wherefore it vvouldno
doubt be found economical for these rai
f jad companies to manufacture all they
may need, instead of resorting to an im
ported article, and one that generally con
stitutes the most costly item in railroad
building. Portions of these roads being
at the same time the least expensive-
such as those from Oroville to Shastaand
from Portland to Salem, extending per
haps quite to the head of the Willamette
Valley would beyond any question pay
well from the start, while they would con
fer immense benefits upon the country
along their line, their earnings steadily in
creasing as it became settled and im
proved. Few sections of the coast are
more in want of a railroad than this, while
none
are more richly endowed with all the
nts requisite to building and maiu-
it nne:
element
tainin?
The Rise of Cities. It is curious to
mark the decay of Cities to see how in
cessantly the constituent parts are falling
into dust and to note by the examination
of the excavations which are made, the
gradual rising of the ground. We were
particularly struck siys the Bulletin, ith
this reflection the ether day when wander
ing round the old St. Bartholomew's in
Smithfield. Inside the church the pave
ment has been raised twcfeetsS; inches,
and yet the ground around the surround
ing surface is upwards c'f five feetP higher
than the present pavement. In part ibis
is to be attributed to the extensive burial
of the dead but not so altogether ; for in
all towns there is a constant crumbling of
stone, bricks, mortar, and other materials
which are being continually deposited.
We may form ideas of this by giving the
following figures respecting bricks onlyJ
It is said th'at in this kingdom there are
about 1,800,000,000, made per annum. Of
this quantity Manchester alone makes
130,000,000 per annum. an$ what are
termed the London makers about the
same quantity ; but besides those made in
the suburbs there come to the metropolis
vast numbers of bricks by the rivojs and
canals from distant places. If, therefore,
we take the supply of this material at
about 230,000,000 a year, and take the
low average weight of three tons per hun
dred, we have about 750.000 tons, of bricks
yearly consumed in the London district.
The weight of iron, stone, wood, &c, used
each year throughout the metropolis must
be enormous, and yet how soon all these
decay and perish. Of Roman brickwork
we have but little remaining ; and of those'
early English bricks which may be known
by the straw marks, we meet with few
traces ; even the bright red bricks which
were so much used in the reigns of Henry
VIII., Queen Elizabeth, Charles 1.. 1L, ?. ,
are rapidly disappearing ; and of the im
mense masses of brickwork which are just
now being planted in the soil, in 300 years
time there will be very little remaining.
In this way the metropolis and other cities
are raised on the surface by the accumula
ted decay of passing generations.
Men One Woi lo RATintft not Me.
Men -who tell stor.es that run into one an
other, so that you find it very d.flicHllt to
get away at the end of any one of them.
Men who have quarreled with all their
relations". -
Men who have been betrayed and aban
doned in the most heartless manner by) all
their friends.
Men who have been persecuted and
swindled by a general conspiracy of every
body. Men who imitate popular acto'r3.
Men who are always asking. " Don't yott
think so?"
Men who are always " putting a case."
Men who agree with you too much.
Men who feel inclined to join issuo
with you there."
-.-. .- o
A Flea Uxdeu A Microscope. When
a Ilea is made to appear as large as an
elephant we can see all the wonderful
parts of its formation, and areQaStOninhed
to find that it has a coat of armor much
more complete than ever wair.or 1ire, q
and composed of strong polished plates,
fined over each other, each plate covered
like a. tortoise shell; and where they meet,
hundreds of strong quills project like
those on the porcupine or hedge hog.
There are the arched neck, the brmht
eyes, the transparent cases, pierces to
puncture the skm, a sucker to drawaway
the blood, six long jointed legs, lour of
which are folded on the breast, all reay
at any moment to be thrown out with
tremendous lorce mv that jump which
l.o Le.s one when' they wa it to catch
him ; at the enu ot each leg. nooked clvs,
to euab.e him to c.ing uj whatever he
ahgbis upotfi A flea tan jump a hundred
times his own length, wn.cu s the same
as il a man jumped 1 thought of seven
hundred leet ; and be ca&s Uiaw a load
two hundied times his ow n wiight
Cider .Vinegar. Ttie quickest way to
make cider vinegar, says a writer in the
New York Tribune, is to leach the Cider
fchrough an open barrel filled with&baving
of some tasteless wood ; let it drip slow- -ly
through the atmosphere the farther it '
fails the better. Whiskey and water treat
ed the same way, makes very good "cider"
vinegar. He says also that an article
called cider vinegar, eagerly sought for
and purchased by persons in some local
ities " because it is sharp," is probably
nothing more it fir, diluted muriatic acid.
0
o
o
O
o
o
o
0
0
o
o
1 4
f t
u
V3m : -