J,
- i ' r iananananananaw 1
' ' ' z
t taan Hi jletrtittiel
'the itgou Jfentjrol.
Wit tonou JStmlM.
i
Advertising Ratt
PaMitlierl Thursdays,
XT
Advertisements will be inserteyin
Skxtisix at the followini? rates: 1
ACK30N7ILLE, OREGON.
Ten lines, one insertion -A t
" " each subsequent insertion). . 75
TaV-Legal advertisements inserted) reasoa
ably. Local"!, per line, first insertion, 12 centa
each subsequent insertion. Scents.
Job work ot all kinds done on prompt no
tice and in woikman-like manner.
A Liberal lltucounl to Yearly Adtertlaera
BT
VILIi JACKSON & J. IV. MEBIUTT.
TERMS:
)fiefopir erearlH ,4d ranee -
8?. OO
YOL. XXXIII.
JACKSONVILLE, OREGON, TBBAY, JANUAEY 5, 1888.
NO. 1.
-i
Official Directory.
STATE OF OREGON.
V. 8. Senators, J. H. Mitchell, J. X. Dolph
-ongressman, It. Hermann; Governor, S.
Hannover; Secretary of State, Georce W.
UcBriile; State Treasurer, Geo. Webb;
iUU Printer. F. C. Baker; Supt. Publie In
tmction, E. II. McKIroy; Sunreme Judges,
IT. P. Lord, Chief Justice W. W. Thayer,
4.S.Strahan.
HEST JUDICIAL DISTEICT.
Campristng Jackson, Josephine, Lake and
Clamath counties: Cirruit Judce, L. It.
rTebiter; Distri- Alton., w. If. Colvic-
-i i ksok corP'T.
a. -" """ -A-. C . BUnlcy ; R-presentatires,
t. l.tttnAMV1,Hi!If
ond. 8. A. Carlton; Jj,W. II. l'arkerf
.nsrifT, II. W. Dean u'lXeastirer, N. Fisher;
s. at essor, J. M. (Mulders ; School Superinten
lent, Wm. Friest; Surveyor, 1 A.English;
Coroner, R. Prj-ce.
josirniHE COCUTT.
Senator, II. B. Miller: Representative, S.
U. MitchcIl;CountyJudge,N. Colvie; Com
missioners, S. Messenger, J. M. Payne;
3erk. C. K. Chanslor, Sheriff, T. G. l'atler
on; Treasurer, J. W. Howard; Assessor,
J. B. Lewis; School Superintendent, E. F.
HathawayjSurveyor, V. X.Saunders; Cor
oner, Dr. Krcmer.
KLAMATH COCSTT.
Joint Senator, C M. Cartwright of Wasco ;
xttprceentative, R. McLean of Klamath;
County Judge, G. W. Smith; Commis
aiomrj. J. L. Hanks, It. A. Rinmitt; Clerk;
W. C. Hale; Sheriff, M D. Childcrs; Treas
urer, G. T. Baldwin ; Assessor. It. B. Hatton ;
SUhool Superintendent, W. K. Greene; Sur
veyor, R. a. Moore.
LAKE COUNTY.
Senator. C. M. Cartwright of Wasco; Rep
Icsentative, R. McLean of Klamath; County
Judge. A. Fitts; Commissioners, Geo. JI.
Jones, C. I-ofttu; Clerk. W. T. Boyd; Sher
iff, A. J. Charlton; Treasurer, A. McCtl
len; School Superintendent, A. II. Fisher;
Assessor. O. L. Stanley.
UEETinn or courts, etc.
The Supreme Court of Oregon meets at
Salem, regular term commencing on the
firJt;Mond.iys in March amlOctober.
Circuit Court for Jackson conntv meets
the first Monday in April, It'ipiembcr and
lfctniDcr; icrJoiepnine, me urn .uoud.iy
in March and August; for Klam.ilh, the
iccond Monday m June and first Monday
i November; for Lake.thc ihird Monday in
May aad the second Monday in Oclolur.
For Jackson County, Probtte and Com
misiioners' courts meet every month, com
mencing Willi the first Monday; for Jose
phine county, the first Monday in January,
ApriLJuly and SejtTcibs.r; for Lake county
ry alurfiate month, rommning tli'e
lirat Monday in Janunrv. For Klamath
county the Erst Wednesday in Manh, Jure,
heptembcr and November.
PROFESSIONAL.
WILLARD CRAWFORD,
-.A ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW.
jHr-tfford, Orvcou.
Will prartiQ4n-iilHhe-r.rtsj)rtlic Ptatc
Q3i.-n Ifjiinlin's brick blotk.tp-stSIrsr
T. 13. IISIStT,
ATT0RX2Y . COUXSBLOE-AT-LAW
Jaek.Eilll, Or.
T7iil prarlice in all the Courts of this State.
Oinr on California street, opposite J. Ku
aia'i ilore.
II. K. 11-A.jSjtf.A.,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
Jacksonville ----- Oreoon.
Will practice In all the Courts of Oregon.
Office On Oregon Street, in Orth'a Block.
p. r. jprtiM,
ATTORNEY & COUNSELOR-AT-LAW,
Jacksonville, Or.
Will practice in all the courts of the State.
Office in Court House.
3. W. Rosmiow, M. D. B. M. Gill, M. D.
DRS. ROBINSON & OILL,
PhyBioians and Surgoops,
JtzltonrUIt, Ortgon.
Offlre on California Street, in Mrs. G
nung's huilding.
9Calla prcinptly attended day or uight.
J. O. ALLEN, M. D.
MEDFOUD OREGON.
Cay-Di'eases of women and childran a
SPECIALITY.
-WILL JACKSOTC.
DEWTIST,
JACKSONVILLE, OREGON.
Teeth extracted at all hours
Laughing gas administered, if
'desired, for which extra rhanre
w"Hlbf-redg7 nl'i 60 corner of Califor
nia and 5th streets.
T. JR. YOUNG, M. I.
Physician & Surgoon,
CENTRAL POINT, OR.
Calls promptly attended to at all hours.
L. L. WHITNEY M. D..
EAGLE POINT, OR.
Having located at this rlace, I ask a share
of the patronage of this section. Calls at
tended to at any time.
DR. W. H. SOMMERS,
JPhysician, Surgeon and Accovchcr
JacksBtlltr, Orccaa.
CONSOLATION IN GERMAN AND
English. Calls promptly answered both
day and night.
Office in the building formerly occupied
by Dr. Aiken on California street.
SrTCx,M D E P Guby.M D.
PRYCE & GEARY.
Physicians and Surgeons,
MtdfyrJ, Ortjon.
Ornci In llaiclin's brick, up stairs,
Resldcnceof Dr. Tryce atthe Riddle House.
."""lW. Gry on C etreet
JOHN MILLER,
Manufasturer and Dealer in
GTJTVS, PISTOLS,
AMMUNITION". CTJT-
LERY.
FISHING- TACKLE,
HARDWARE, PAINTS, OILS, VAR
NISH, GLASS, ETC.
California St.
Jacksonville - - - Oregon.
HAVING FAILED TO CLOSE OUT
.m7 DUSne8S 'n Jacksonville, as I
wished to do, I have concluded to continue
thes.ime on a larger scale than ever. I
was in San Francisco recently, where I laid
in one of the larirest and hptt strwlr nf nil
kinds of Hardware, Ammunition, Cutlery,
Fire-arms, and Snorting Goods, ever
brought to this masket. Ihese goods will
pom ai mc lowest possmie price.
I will guarantee these goods to be just
what I represent them to be. I feel thank
ful to my old customers for their past pat
ronage so liberally bestowed, and would
reipectfully solicit a continuance of the
ne. Johx Milleb.
max mm,
AT THE
osfoffice Store
IS SELLING GOODS AT
BED ROCK PRICE.
When vou want anything In the MER
CAMILE line, don't forget that he has
always on hand a
FIRST-CL.ASS STOCK
OF
BOOTS
SHOES
HATS
. CAPS
, nrnTTJTN-lV-
AHD
LADIES- DRESS
GOODS.
IT FACT THE
Dry Goods department
-IS COMPLLTE
I always have on hand, a fine stock of
sucn as
I'GAJi,
TEA,
COFJPEE,
SYJWP,
JIUE,
TEA,
ETC.,
TAKEN AT THE HIGHEST
CASH PRICE.
LUMBER!
I have a fine lot of Lumber and am
now ready to fill all orders for any
amount nestred.
Onr Sew Store, which we now occupy,
has about 3 acres of Floor Space
OThe BUYERS' GU1DK la
issued Sept. and March,
each rear. - 36 pagea,
8xli lnclica, with over
3.SOO Uluatratlons a
whole Picture Gallery.
GIVES IVholtaale Prices
dlrert to ronatlmrra on all ;ooda for
personal or family rue. Telia how to
order, and gives exact coat of every
thing you nae, eat. drtnU, wear, or
have fun with. Theae INVALUABLE
BOOKS contain information gleaned
from the markets of the world. A
copy sent FREE upon receipt of
10 eta. o defray expenac of mailing.
MONTGOMERY WARD & CO.
111-H4 .lllcblcan Avrnae. Chicago, II U
3L.. BEiuirir.s,
PRACTICAL
WATCHMAKER AND JEWELER,
California Street,
MAKES a Fpeciality of cleaning and
repairing watches and clocks.
Charges reasonable. Give mc a call.
CITY BARBER SHOP.
CALirOBXIJL St.
JACKSONVILLE, OREGON.
THE UNDERSIGNED IS FULLY TRE
pared to do all work in his line in the best
manner and at reasonable prices.
GEORGE SCTIUMPF.
yd? j 5Sv
Absolutely Pure
'llus powder never vanes. A marvel of
purily, strength and wliolcsonienss.
ilore economic:il than the ordinary
kinds, and cannot be sold in competition
with the multitude of low test, short
weight, alum or phosphate powders.
SoU only in cans. IlOYAt, BAKING ?CW.
deuCo., lOBWall-sU N.Y.
"Win. HANI.EY.
Cattle branded A
on left hip and side.
Earmarks: Swal-
jow fork in left ear;
rop and split in
rightear.
"VYlSlER tiE-COTE.-'
HANLEYJk LOVE.
nATTLR AND HORDES BRANDED
J HL on left hip. Also cattle branded
II on left hip r side, aUo cattle branded
on left side or hip, aUoJajanded with
a fmire Con IWt miIp nr ltin. naBr.maT-l'a
nf-V! ilni LaMvi. rrc shoifv ltlvlr ler.
car una len irup ... ., -a-' ,(tl.
branded with SP on left hip. anl marked
cr-p in right ear, hole and split-oiit in left
ROGUE RIVER DISTILLERY,
JOHN A. EANIiSlT, Pro.
CATON A GARRETT General Agents.
PURE UNADULTERATED
AETKLE OF
Ann
CORN V7HISKS1T
In Quantities and at
Prices to Suit.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
JOHN A. HANLEY.
Jacksonville Jan. 8th 1337.
Oity Cisar Store.
NOTIONS etc
SHAVING, IIAIRDRESSINQ BATH
ROOMS.
CU1T1XG AND BLEEDING CARE
fully performed.
C. B. ROSTEL.
Jacksonville Or., Dec 11. 1S77.
U7ERLAHD TO CALIFORNIA
VIA
Oregon & California Railroad.
And connections.
J5-THE 5IT. SHASTA ROUTE
Close connections made at Ashland with
stages of the California, Oregon and Idaho
Stage Co.
Time between Medford and San Francisco,
21 hours
CALttOBSIA EXrKESS TKAISS DAILY,
bouth
"Kortn
4:00 pm 1 Leave Portland Arrive 1u:40au
8:05 a m I Leave Medford Leave G:23rM
8:30 A M I ArriveAshland Leave 5:40pm
7:30 A M arrive San Fran leave 8:30 P M
Pullman Buffet Sleepers
EXCURSION SLEEPERS for Second
Class Passengers on all through
trains FREE OF CHARGE.
EMIGRANT SLEEPING CARS, between
1'ortlana and Ashlanrf, cis nvous and
San Francisco, FREE OF CHARGE.
The O. fc C. R.R Ferry makes connection
with all the regular trains on the East Side
Division from loot ot -r. street.
West Side Division;
BETWEEN PORTLAND & CORVALLIS
MAIL TRAIN' DAILTfEXCElT SCDAY.)
;30am
it:
lli
12
Arrive Corvallis Leave 10 p it
EXPRESS TRAEJ DAILY (EXCErT 8USDAY.X
4:50
8:00
pm I Leave Portland Arrive I 9:00 a m
p m j Ar'yeM'Mi'nyilleLe'ye 5:45 a m
At Albany and Corvallis connect
with trains of the Oregon Pacific Railroad
For information regarding rates, maps, etc,
see Compnay's Agent at Medford
R.
KOEHLER.
E. T. ROGERS.
Manager.
G.F.& Pass. Agent.
JACKSONOWl
Its Great Agricultural
Resources
RIVER VALLE1
ORf
Froll.Urala.riay,
Though a third of a
rolled
by, since smoke first
river vJley.SfVei
opened to the world
e day
-Rrem-i
ow h
orofmod-
ern proereas. Ihn miud.'
TheH iron
horse of commorro ! iidlv annrrCch'
ing it from the l.-rth at the south, and
before the birth orS -- is forest-
crowned hills will, echo'
grain-
cjrjeted valley the Iocom
whistle. A new branch tt
'yhrill
added
to the tree of commerce ;Vi tender
shoot but a stout lfmfrof vBigronth,
one that will eive incra ihafit receives
and strengthen the trunK tovhich it is
united. Though to a dege isolated
from its sister counties, comunication
maintained only hv mp.in '..tlin tm-B
and cumbrous freight wajnivjut off al
most lolally from any outsicTinarket for
its products, the natural fesources of
Jackson county have been (n.-loped to
a degree almost unknown nd entirely
unappreciated by thosep,;imiruir with
its condition and hisforw?Ee rude cab
ins have given place to ccMortable and
elegant residences, large all substantial
barns have succeeded we thatched
stables of the pioneer, vdi tilled fields
and thrifty orchards attei'the success of
agriculture manufacturin industries have
sprung up, towns with buses, dwellings,
population and trade Hit astonish the
stranger have grown -ilourih,farmers
and business men hav'Wcome wealthy,
and all the indication prosperity are
observable on every banc) With such a
beginning, what must . the result of
an early connection wit' 'be trade cent
ers of tne world?
Jackson ccunty lies the extreme
southern end of Oregon, rdering on the
California line, and is h ' med in by the
Cascade mountains on t :feast and those
of the coast range on th west, theRogue
river mountains on tin north and the
Siskiyou on the south, ill of which occu
py a portion of the 2.jY) sauira miles
embraced w itbiu its tcrrjry. Surround
ed by these mountain rjilges is the thick
ly settled portion oflhecountr.the beauti
ful Rosnie rivnr vnllnv Thn lullnv nrnrt-
ensaoout lorty uulcylong by twenty
wme, mougn sometuics uic name is
made to embrace the whole watSr-shcd
tile v
off1
.MJn kuia J isTJiv bet
nixniifthn .nllnv l.infla t trmfnisi VslaOTL.
hay ar.d vegetables irabundance, anti
the river li-itloms fruit of unsurpassed ex
cellence. In the d'er3ity of its produtU
and resources, Jackson county is superior
to any in the state, and needs but the
railroad advantages eoon to be given to
take a front rank in wea'th and impor
tance. The beauty and probable fertility of
Rogue nver valley were freely commen
ted upon for years by the bands of Ameri
can and English trappers that traversed
it on their way between the Columbia
und the trapping grounds of California,
but owing to the fact that "t was cut off
from approach by sea and t( the hostility
of the Indian tribes of that region, no ef
fort was mnde to occupy it until long af
ter the settlements in the Willamette had
become so numerous that the territory of
Oregon vi as organized. The hostile and
thieving character of the savages won for
them the title of "Rpgiie Indians," and
this name has descended to the valley,
the river that drains tbis region and the
mountains which border the stream to
ward the coast. The regular trail from
the Willamette to the Sacramento led
through this valley, and many a fatal en
counter is recorded between nitives and
binds of trappers and emigrants going
through. Undi'r such circumstances
there was small inducement tor the emi
grants to settle there with their families,
when so much desirable land could bo
had in the Willamette valley where a de
gree of sifety was assured by the very ex
tent of the settlements. The discovery
of gold on the Klamath river and its trib
utaries in 1850 and the great ruli to
thoe mine in 1851, led to the discovery,
also, of neh dijrcinss on the streams of
Jackson and Josephine roonties a few
weeks later. Hostile Indians never pro
tected a rich mining region from invasion
by the irrepressible cold hnnter. .Miners
Hooked iuto the mountains bordering the
valley on the west, and though they suf-
Jered frequently atth'e hands of the native
proprietors, tliey were nor ontynot driven
away but were increased in numbers.
The town of Jacksonville sprang up and
became the trade center, park trains
broughtHuppliea from -both Oregon and
California.and the quiet wilderness awoke
suddenly into life and activity. The
great demand and high price for hay,
vegetables and grain induced settlers to
occupy the choice spots in the valley and
along'he streams, exposed to the wrath
of the sa vases and snTering theotherdis
advantages of pioneer Ijfe. For the next
six years a constant warfare was main
tained. Travelers and pack-trains were
ambushed, whole families massicred,
bloody battles fonaht ami worthless treat
ties made, ending 1n the extermination
of a majority of the Inditns and the com
plete removal of the remainder to a reser
vation many miles away.
Freed from this great drawback to its
prosperity, Jackon county made rapid
progress. Its mines wehe rich and sup
ported a large popnlatioi, .drawing sup
plies of food chiefly from the farmTs in
the valley. The mutual, support thus af
forded hv its two leading industries is the
secret of the great prosperity of this re
gion, a prosperity wrought within itself,
substantial and permanent. The oppor
tunity soon to be offered' of shipping to
other markets the surplus products, of
which there will be an abundance as soon
as thehipping facilitie) are provided,
will be improved by thepeople now liv
ing here and the hundreds who wffi be
led to make this theirjhome, and the
present prosperity and vealth will rapid
ly increase. Such w fcfbrief resume of
the past, and we will ww cowwer the
Jackson county on
run
In its climate th'MMM region
possesses the combini
ges of the
rrw
7
andneral
BvrAL,v ur
VOJV
IlQlHTImber ani
MlneH
!aBfl
bvlo ES
of that turbulent strcaaJi"6 mountains
are heavily titnberedKJjfVMn m5er
aU: the foe thills "ffflja? & grazina
JasaallTA 'aaaaasnfaHHHHBLir w.iul
rT, SGKHLiA. -
various other sections ol Oregon without
the accompanying drawbacks. It enjoys
tlin warmth of summer and the frosts of
winter known in Eastern Oregon without
the extremes there experienced. With a
rainfall ample euough for all the purposes
nf nnrirailtnm it'pscaues the continual
rains of the Willamette in winter, and
receives but occasional refi eshing showers
in summer, the annual rainfall varying
from twenty to forty inches and averaging
about twenty-five. The extreme of the
thermometer in summer is 100 degrees,
though it seldom exceedi 90 degrees,
while in winter it seldom sinks as low as
10 degrees, the average for the winter
ninths beinz about fts '"s-" and in
sumuic -haul ' -egree. enow iau
occasionally to the depth of three or four
inches but' rapidly dissapears, while ice
never exceeds two inches in thickness
and fonns but a few times during the sea
son. In the'motintains of course there
is more snow and ice. and unon this fact
i-the miners rely for a supply of water
lor their business. It will thus be seen
that in both mountain and valley nsture
has provided just tjje climttic conditions
required by the two great industries of
the county, agriculture and mining. To
the eastern man especially, who desires
in summer a warm climate without the
excessive heat of his native state, and in
winter a clear, bracing atmosphere unac
companied by extreme cold and exemp
tion from continuous snow or rain, Rogue
river valley presents attractions peculiar
ly inviting. It is beyond question the
Paradise of Oregon.
AGRICULTURE.
The market for the valley's products
has hitherto been necessarly local and
limited, though more extensive than'one
would at first suppose. The stage com
panies and teamsters have consumed
large quantities of hay and grain, while
the flour, vegetables and fruit of Jackson,
Josephine, Curry, Del N.rte, Klamath
and Lake counties nave been largely sup
plied from this region. Beyond what
was necessary to supply this demand,
however, has not been produced, and it
can truly be said that the capabilities of
the valley for extensive agriculture have
never been fully tested. The arable land
embraces about one-fifth of the entire
area of the county, including foothills,
plains and river bottoms. The foothills
possess that rich soil to be found on all
the hilly lands of Western Oregon, while
the plains have much adobe land and
tlio bottoms are composed of the most
fertile alluvium. In the valley wheat,
oats, barley, corn, potatoes, Hay, etc.,
yield abundantly, and anything less
than a half crop has never been exper
ienced ciurinc tuo iinixy ycura ui i;uiuva-
tion. Twenty bushels of wheat to the
acre are considered a very unsatisfactory
crop, while as high a sixty bushels have
been realized. Bailey and oats Drodnce
proportionally wll.and potatoes and corn
ares' cspeciaLfiScellence and yield abun
dant crops, thtrtVmer contrasting favor-i
W ltrtiPA'rit''rfiWiualitY w'th tK1n..
rrerior inoeioui wi,,... , .. ue lacillties
now affonle 1 for shipment to other mar
kets will no doubt serve to largely in
crease the crop of cereah in the future.
LIVS STOCK.
The foothills.of Jackson roan ty furnish
grazing for sheep of the finest quality,
and tho best strains uf fine Merinos have
been introduced into thocounty. So much
attention has been paid to improving the
sheep of this region that Southern Ore
gon wool is rated higher in the mirket
than that Irom the Willamette valley.
About 00,000 are kept, chiefly in small
bands, by the ranchers. About 10,000
bepf cattle graze upon the hills, and
many fine stock, including Jerseys, etc.,
are kept. Horses, too, are made a spec
ialty by some of the farmers, and Rogue
river valley has the reputation of produc
ing tho finest horses of Oregon. In the
matter of improving the blood of their
animals, the stockmen of this region have
shown commendable enterprise, and are
reaping their reward in the reputation
and increased value of the animals.
Some 5,000 horses are assessed in the
county. Of hogs about 10,000 are kept,
the majority of them getting their own
living in the woods.
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
The butter and cheese of this region
have an enviable reputation wherever
they are known. The fine breeds of dai
ry cattle, the climate, grass, water, etc.,
all combine to produce a superior quality
of butter and cheese. AVith the facilities
for cheap shipment of these articles of
fered by the railroad there will, beyond
question, be a great increase in dairy
products and a new source of wealth
opened to the farmers. The market in
Portland for butter, cheese and eggs is
high and permanent, and the old and
new farmers of the valley will find it ex
tremely profitable to supply the required
products.
FRUIT?,
It is because of its superior fruits that
we refer to Rogue river vallev as the It
aly of Oregon. It is a well known fact
that the finest flavored grapes of Califor
nia are produced on the suhnv slopes of
the foothills, and the conditions there
found exist in tho foothill region of Jack
son county. The vines prodnre laree
clusters, and the grapes have a most ex
cellent flavor, beine very juicy and mak
ing a superior quality of wine. The con
ditions of soil and climate are also verv
favorable to peaches, though a trifle
smaller in size, to the California product.
The slight tonch of frost in winter.though
too mild to injure the vines or trees,
gives a flavor that is lacking in that of
the warmer regions of California. The
bottom lands are especially adaoted to
fruit culture, and it is that class of soil
lha has been utilizedjthe most by fruit
growers. In addition to grapes and
peaches, apricots, plums, apples, cherries
and the smalls fruits produce luxuriant
ly, and are of excellent quality, especial
ly theapples, which have nosuperiorany
where. Hitherto the foothills have been
ued chiefly as a grazing ground for
sheep, but that the flocks will seek "pas
tnres new" and the lands be planted ex
fen'ively in vineyards and orchards ia
certain, un tne wnoie tne iron interests
of Rogue river valley consist more in
the possibilities of the future than in
what has alreany been accomplished.
With no market "beyond the limits of
Southern Oregon, farmers had formerly
no encouragement to p'ant extensive or
chards or large vineyards, but enough
has been done to show the wonderful
adaptability of the soil and climate to the
production of fruit. The whole north
west offers a market at good prices for
fruit of all kinds, while certain varieties
are largely sought after in the East.
There, is no business that can be em
barked in with greater promise of a gold-
en regard than that of fruit culture. It
must, howeyer, like everything else, be
managed properly to do a great success.
urcnarus anu vineyarus must, mj wuit
and taken care of in a systematic man
ner and the business from first to last be
conducted as experience in other places
has shown to be best. Especially must
the fruit be put up m an attrictive ann
marketable shape, well assorted, conven
iently packed for handling by the dealer
and attractive to the eye. Experience in
California and elsewhere shows that the
most successful fruit raisers arejhose
whose product reaches the market in the
best condition and presents the most in
viting antearance. Already we hear of a
number of exj-erienced orchardists who J
;rfonj to ucaie in soumara urt-gon im
mediately. It is a great pity that the
farmers of that region have not prepared
themselves for the market now being
opened by planting extensive orchards,
but it is by no. means too 1 ite, though the
golden harvest must be deliyed. The
men who set out at once large orchards
and vineyards and get them into bearing
condition, will be the first to reap their
reward Tho market is large, growing
and permanent.
TRICE OF IMPROVED LANDS.
Farms and ranches of all kinds may be
purchased in Jackson county at prices
which are extremely moderate when the
advantages are to be considered. Good
improved farming land can be bought
from twenty to fifty dollars per acre,
though a few choice pieces would com
mand a higher price. Q'rier lands, not
so well improved but just as fertile, and
some cases more uesirame lor iruit
and grape culture, can be had as low as
five dollars per acre. These prices de
pend upon the amount of improvements,
location, character of soil,water facilities,
etc. Two farms, two miles apart nd
containing a total of 400 acres, were re
cently sold for $3,000, or $20 per acre.
Another of 300 acres brought $7,000, or
$23 per acre. These are choice places,
wholly arable land, with good buildings
and modern farm improvements. Many
partially covered with timber or a por
tion of w hich is too hilly or rocky for easy
cultivation, can bo purchased at much
lower figures and turned into excellent
farms. Small farms, upon which or
chards could be made the principal
source of income, can be bought at low
prices, and there are many places where
a little work in clearing ofF brush and
timber would reward the industrious far
mer with many acres of land of the best
quality for grain.orchards and vineyards.
Much of the hill land will nroduce good
crops of grain, and its capabilities for
grapes have been pointed out. It has
been used chiefly for crazing and is
nearly all owned in large tracts, which
will of necessity be i ut up into smaller
divisions for farming purposes and sold.
The land is so weil adapted to mixed
farming that it is especially valuable, for
with grain, fruit, hay, cattle, sheep, hogs
and horses to depend upon such a thing
as an entire failure would Lu impo-mible.
There is much government land in the
foothills and mountains, as well as largo
tracts reserved to the O. & C. K. R. Co.
Information in regard o the former can
be had at the Rosebur land office, and
of the latter at tho company's office in
Portland. A great increase in the value
of real estate in the next four years is be
yond question.
VALUATION AND PRODUCTS.
The assessment roll of 1S32 shows a
total valuation of $2,452,832 in Jackson
county, which is about 50 per cent, of the
actual cash value of assessable property.
This was divided as follows : Value of
improved lands, $658,953; unimproved
lands, $144,531; town lots, $62,932; im
provements, $204,509; merchandise and
implements, $396,435; money, notes
and accounts, 594,277; household furni
ture, etc., $63,835; horses and mules,
$149,005; cattle, $72,335: sheep, $31,361 ;
swine, $21,677 These figures wiil be in
creased at least 25 per cent, by the as
sessment of the present ye.ir. Acco -ding
to the census of 1830 the population was
8,111, but it has since advanced to fully
10,000, and a still more rapid increase
during the next few years is certain.
The annual product of the county can be
given approximately as follows: Wheat,
300,000 bushels; barlev, 100,000 bushels;
rye, 3,000 bushels; oats. 320.000 bush
els ; corn, 40,000 bushels; potati.es, 70,
000 bushels; apples, 100,003 bushels;
peaches, 15,000 bushels ; pears and plums,
15.000 bushels: hav. 30.000 tons ; wool.
290.000 pounds; cheese, 15,000 pounds:
grapes, 155.000 pounds, butter, zo.uw
rounds: vegetables. 150.000 pounds; ba
con, 400,000 pounds; lard, 80.000 pounds.
Now that an outside market is opened
there will be a great increase in the
above figures, especially in fruit, grain
and dairy products.
Mrsrxo.
Since tha discovery of gold led to, the
first settlement of Jackson county in
1851, the mines have been the main
stay and prop of this whole region. With
out them there would have been no mar
ket for the farmer's produce, though of
late years the grazing regions of Modoc,
Klamath and Lake counties have drawn
heavily from the valley for their supplies.
Placer mines are the most numerous.
Hydraulic power is used on quite an ex
tensive scale by several companies, while
rockers, sluices and wing-dams are util
ized where the location quires them.
The Sterling hydraulic mine is situated
Sterling creek, about eight miles
south of Jacksonville, and was opened
several years ago at an outlay of $100.
000. The company owns ground enough
for fifty years of continuous work, the
whole of the property being valued at
about $200,000. Other large hydraulic
mines are yielding handsomely. It is
estimated that the yield of gold dust dur
ing the past thirty years has been over
$30,000,000, and there is no reason to
anticipate a falling off in the industry
for many jears to come. Iron, coal, cop
per and cinnabar exist in varying quan
tities, though the lack of cheap transpor
tation has retarded their development.
The iron ore alongRogne river is being
prospected and tested by experts with
the view of using it at the great iron
works at Oswego, near Portland, and if
it proves to be in sufficient quantity and
of the quality required the mines will be
worked on an extensive scale. The opin
ions expressed are very favorable, and
there is but little doubt about the devel
opment of these mines at an early day.
Marble of an excellent quality abounds,
and with the facilities offered by the rail
road it can no doubt be qnarried to ad
vantage. The same may also be s.nu of
coal, a good quality of which has been
discovered ill various localities. Cinna
bar and copper have been worked to a
considerable extent, but owing to the
expense of transporting the required ma-
chinerv the development of these indue-
tries has been seriously retarded.
MANUFACTURES.
Manufacturing on an extensive scale
in a region cut ofT from railroad privi
leges could hardly bo expected, and yet
the excellent facilities offered have been
improved to as great a degree as possible,
and commendable enterprise has been
shown, especially in the establishment of
a woolen factory at Ashland. This insti
tution has been running successfully for
a number of years and its goods have an
enviable reputation throught the whole
Pacific coast. It was founded on the the
ory that it was cheaper to ship the manu
factured article than tho raw wool, and
tire success of the undertaking has de
monstrated its correctness. The mill is
large, is operated by a splendid water-
liuner, lamteu up Wlbll lliu uiusi. afyiu-
ved of modern machinery, and is in ev
ery way capable of turning out the finest
quality of goods at a minimun cos.
Several excellent flouring mills are in
operation at Ashland, Phoenix and Jack
sonville, supplying the whMe of Southern
Oregon with a superior quality of flour,
and no doubt the bulk of the surplus
wheat of this region will, ere long, be
shipped abroad in the form of flour.''
Saw end planing mills produce all the
rough aud finished lumber needed in this
section, which is by no nivalis a small
quantity. The mountains are covered
with dense forests of fir, yullow pine and
sugar pine, while black and white oak,
ash, laurel and maple grow in abundance
on the toot hills, in the valley and along
the numerous streams. Extensive ex
periments have been made the past few
years in ihe culture of amber cane, and
both soil and climate have been found
admirably adapted to it. It is probable,
then, that the manufacture of sugar will
be embarked in at no dlstint day. Splen
did water power exists in numerous lo
calities very advantageously situated for
manufacturing, and it is but a matter of
time when much more of it will bo util
ized than at present.
SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL
The first two inquiries made by X man
of family seeking a home in a new coun
try are. "What is the condition of society
there, andwhat facilities are offered for
the education of my children ?" To both
ot these important questions Jackson
county can give a favorable answer. In
the first place it must be remembered
that this is by no means a newly settled
country, that it has been ocenpied by an
luieiugttui', uiuusiriuus auu uw uumiug
population for more than thirty year.
The pioneers who located here and sub
dued the wilderness came from nearly
every state in the Union. Many of them
w ;ro highly educated and all were accus
tomed to the requirements and conven
iences of older communities. Herih"eir
have made their homes and CW give
id nave spareu ; - ,. com.
aore closelfcunVsa lo " WonnU.
them the ad'
.T,ifr tarn mnpar
world. Tim ',. tlvA. thevJl2iJ
these years beyond the reach ot railroads
h?s had no power tofchsck the growth of
education. Railroads are but an effect
and not a cause of knofclegde. The commu
nity has grown and prospered by the mu
tual support of its own. industries, and
thi3 prosperity has enabled it to provide
even better educational facilities than are
enjoyed by many.icomuaity which Vfoiitd
appear to a superiiciai ousever iu ue
more favorably situated. The public
schools throughout tho county will cm
pare favorably with those in any portion
of the state, while the schools ot Jack
sonville and Ashland are of a very supe
rior order. In the latter place is a col
lege where a high order of tcholarship i
maintained, and which annually receives
over 200 Btudents of both sexes. It was
recently designated as a state normal
school by the legislature. St Mary'H
school for girls has been an institution of
Jacksonville for many years, in charge of
the sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus
and Mary, and receives many pupils from
a great distance as well as from this coun
ty. Nearly every leading religi
ous denomination is represented, and
most of them have good and some of
them even excellent church edifices.
The daily and weekly papers of Portland
and San Francisco are taken in great
numbers, besides instructive magazines
and periodicals, and the three excellent
papers of the county are given good sup
port. The advantages of a daily mail
and the telegraph have been enjoyed for"
vears, and they have little to gain in
this respect by the advent of tho railroad,
except in the saving of about a day's
time in the receipt of mail.
JACKSONVILLE.
The county seat is Jacksonville, once"
the liveliest mining camp of this region
and still the most important trade cen
ter. The conditions of its existance have
gradually changed from that of a rudely1
constructed and transient rriinfng camp
to that of a thrving trade center for a
large expanse of mining and agricultural
country. Its business is firmly estab
lished, its business buildings large and
substantial, and its private residences
neat and often elegant. It has always
held the position of the leading townj of
eouuiTn uregon, wiucn us enterprising
business men are determined tomaintain.
It has a population approximating 1,200,
and is beautifully situated on the banks
of Jackson creek, a tributary of Rogue
river, in a western arm of the valley. I'm
taxable property amounts to about $500,
000, and is increasing year by year. The
advent into this region of many new fami
lies to engage in agriculture and fruit rai
sing; which is certain to follow the rail
road, will facilitate the growth of Jackson
ville and increase its bnsiness, and the
citizens verv properly anticipate a large
advance in its population, trade and the
value of real estate. Several classes of
manufactures could bo conducted here
profitably, and their founding is only a
matter of time. The most prominent
buildings of the city, aside from the long1
rows of substantial brick business blocks,
are the Masonic temple, OHh block, Uni
'tcd States Hotel, the Presbyterian church
and the court house, now in process of
erection. Tho last named structure will
be of brick on a soljd stone foundation,
and will cost about $50,00X If will be
very ornamental in its architecture, twa
stories high, and snrniountedby a belfry.
The Presbyterian church is one of the
most hindsome edifices of the kind in
Oregon. The Methodist and Catholic
denominations also have neat church
buildings. A large flour mill is one of
the institutions of Jacksonville. Twa
excellent newspapers reflect the intel
ligence and enterprise of the citizens. Tha
Democratic Times is ably conduc'od by'
its proprietor, Charles Nickell.and is ona
1 continued on fourth wjs.
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