errtitwl
M0H'
"Tsrt'-
yW.
m, wViTT wwniiw
IWIIHilUih Hi IJ
ii.MHtw - - nr
i lJlt ANNUM, IN ADVANCE.
JACKSONVILLE, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 18G5.
' VOL, X. NC9 5
lje
it in .K .
":-
j 'um imim
MASONIC KOJXiitiE.
Tho rrxtil r ciimmiiniflatloni of'MVAll
HKN r.'lQK. Vo. 10. V.& Av M., for
ibe env.liif Masonic year willilio holdeii ut
Ihtlr 1111 In JncksonvllU.'oiitlio.oveiilngs
of He lollowlug dates. To-wll j .
XVXftX'olx O.
jVtfvy O.
amxio V nxxcl B4 (ml
jUnnol Column Icalloii.,
STVLly ts.
J.ixf?i3.ntt 23. n.33LClaO.
Oototoor -C.
JNToiT'osaattoor X.
Doooraboi- S7.
The hour ef meeting will bo from- .Sept.
( Marcli at, "nalf-patt a r. V.-r ami from
Mirth ti .September, at half.p.i 7 o'clock,
r. . Tar trethrren nreoarlieilty reipiiMliil
to (lend early, for workjltllj xs commeuccil
t Ike appointed lour. fS'
Urelhtrcn will do wellXotave thin miter
tin mint for future reference,
JNO. K KOSS V. M.
Cuts. W. Sivaoc, Sec'y.
JtekronrlHc, Jan. 27lli. 18. Jm
First Premium
iwtrJcJ by the Mechanic's luslltttte Flr,
Sku hraiieltco, iitpternbtr, ltliH.
R, LIDDLE 8c CO.,
Bportlnp Emporium,
418 Washington it., (near the Poit-of1.ee,)
ia Francisco.
GUN&. RIFLE MAKERS,
nnd
Inpcittrt cf nil thiutt 0 Spatting Titdle.
llotiiUntly on hand gun front llw drl
nitm In Loudon, Tint William (itrrttrr.
Wlllitm Moore, Monro.!: Harris, licillrrit.
Ilellli Hon. ami nil ulher maker?. AImi
Iht lirrl stuck ol AntcrkMit Mile, 1'ltliil.
ind Carbines) on the I'nelllc CoaM, viz: Colt'".
.Slurp's, .Swltli A U'eron'. KtniliiRtonV
tad nil the latest -patents of l'lsloU
fchirp't, ritnit't. lUlliwIV. .Ypenert'a uad
Hear;', Patent llrccch-loadlug Miles.
yr- Cartridges of Ml kinds couilanlly
on bind,
Avthorrtrd agents lor IfctiryV Patent
Hirfch-loadliig Rifle. JjiijHniS
JOHN ORTH
20,0DDLBSJRESHB&GOH
I?itt SALE, OF HIS OWN Cl'UINO.
1 I'urckaKTt will nlease rnnlro at lilt
flutchtr Shop, on Orcein Street, 3 door
bore the Pott Office.
Jttkionvlll. January 21 l. Ififti. If.
apxjioiianrj cm
Sewing .Machine.
TOILS' NHl'IlKIt would announce lo lite
people of Jackeon County, that be baa
froeured an accrtqy for lul iieerlc nn
eblue,ar.d mill In it kliort tlnra linvc n Kocd
jpply on baud. Thfi ruiehliiu i;athvr,
bftii, fmbnildvri and uakra I illtlvrcul
Jkladiof lllehvi.
Jiekiorwrllle, January 2lL j
PACIFIC
INKU'llANCi: OOMIUKV.
cam curiTif.,
9 '7130,000 OO.l
K( AATi0" 'bM'K In Otvgon.
OOUjUUUaII lo'ea I'nyaUo In F.
H. Gold Colli. Inturo UKalait I) or Dam-
by Fire.
8ACT1S IIK0"8. Asrt,
JinJltf. Jickonvllle, (Jrcirn.
" U P II OES'TTE REli"
AND i(
4
Xs vx o x-JtI-3X fS o -.
IIIKRKIIY notify all wVaw't may ;on
rrrn, lhat I still continue yn buninras of
Upbolikrer and l'a)r Ilifostr, at my
old Mind in Jacksonville.
All kinili of work lo my line will be
rremplly attended In. Old matlrai-cs.wlll
U'rrptirol, flour sirks made, etc.
A. (.'. ALUKUTS.
JathannTllto. I'cbrmry -llh I8C.r. lf.
irOMESTJSADS.
PERSONS nUhlng to avail Iheumclrei
of thobeuellt of tho llomc-tnul law of
CoDjrni, can have their papers properly
prrpirnl, and Ihtlr affidavit taken brforo
tne, thtrclir tavlug the txpeuia orattcndlng
(a prnonat the Irxl Office.
Final proof of Douallun Laud Claim
M rillivjulrtinicut of of abandoned Dona
tion cjainiii taken aud prlvato entry oflaiuli
ode, nannllcallon to mo at tbe Clerki
offlce, WM. HOFFMAN,
County Clerk
. February 4lh. 1803. felHwjS
ORVIL DODGE'S
'PIIOTOIHIAPII GALLEltY.
OHYIL D0D0K would auoounce to the
Ladlei aud Gnllemen of Jacksonville
and vicinity, iliat lie bat perinauently loca
ted in Jacktonville, for Ibe purpow of lak
"S piclur4 In all tbe krproved art of Fho
'flf'pb. aod nould rofpeclfully aollclt a
iltira of the public patroeage.
HOOMS onpotlte L'. J. llyan'a New Dtlek,
Jackonvc, ItceHib;r 23d. 1SCI. If.
Dr. Orcrbcck, bai refitted bl Utb roemi
at the
OVERDEOK HOSPITAL
Tboso who wlh to ladulgo lu tbe Uxurr
tea eft ok1 Ulh, oan bo. accowraodated by
Ritlug him a call on Wttlaetdior. and Sun'
Ja. fWlf.
' ' .mi 11 -' 1 i'i '
al'S?'! TOKKAU
TUB ORJICiOy SISNTIKKL.
Utl'KII KVKItl MATl'niur MOItSINtl.
II.. 1 BmVJ-iili" Pronrlctor.
Si-itscnirTiox For Onoyear. In adranco.
tvtir Uollnra ; If paid within tho lint lx
motilhj or thu yrnr, liro dollars ; ir not pixld
until the expiration of (ho yrnr, lx dullurs.
AiivetiTiaiMi One niuaro (10 linos or
le). lint Insertion, Three Dolhtn : each
nilMttpicnt Inicrtlun, Ono Dollar. A illn
count or II fly percent will to uudu lo Ihwv
who ndttrllroliy Ihoycur.
t-tral TniJr rwrltut ut tnrrnit rt.
I.O. O. P. Jtinlixonvllld LoiIrp
V15s3y5'3Cj"l,,f ineilnjja on every
rS If JLaatm-uny orenliiR except
".'L""" Ihetlrrth'iiliinlnv tiroitcli
month, nml 01 Frldy bcforotlio flnlHatur
ilay tu melt month, nl tho .Mttiuntc Hall.
llrotlicra lit good ttatidltm nn- luvltcil to
alli-iid. OUAKCli: AC JUS, N. 0.
Nmvuan FftiiKit. H.St-o'y.
Trmtiei. J. )l. Sutton.. Win. Hay and
S. J. Day.
Warren Lotlgo No, 10, A. F. & A. II.
HOLD their regular communt-
catlonn thu Wctlnewlay Hrcnliignon
or preceding the full moon, In jack
OKXt.JJ.. uiuuov.
JOHN' K. K053, W. M.
0. W. Savuik. Sro'y.
0. JACOIU. K. )'. RIVAXLI..
JACOBS, U RUSSELL,
A.TTOUNHY3 AND COUNSlfl.OIlS
AT IiAW,
AND SOLICITOUS IN WIANGIiUY,
TACK'aosrit.i.K, Orkhov.
intf upiHialto llir Court limit.
All bii'lnfM cninmllUil to their care will
to tirotnptly allendul to. July 29. '01.
D. F. DOWELL,
ATTOItNISY AT LAW,
Jackwnvim.k, OnKiioN.
A'UI practice In all the Court" of tho Third
liidlcul DIflrlel, tho KuprcinvCinirt of Ore
sou, and In Vlcka, Cal. War Scrip prompt
ly cullfClH. 0,J.!l.
I.D.HAINES.
ATTOKNEY AT LAW,
Jackhontilu: Okkhon'.
Will practice In the Court nfOrrj-on.
Oilier. I'o't OIJIcu llundliiK'.
QEORQE D. DOfimS,
ATTOllNBY AT .LAW,
Jackaokt.i.k, Onroox.
oel f
J. S.HOWARD,
suuvKYOit k uiYir. i:nuini:i:u,
'Jacxminvima: OitKiinK,
ReIdenct near the South end of Oregon
trt. Jjiiuary.2. I81H
J. H. STINSON,
ATTORN"!. Y AN!) COUNSI'.LI.OR
Allmny, Linn county, Oregon. ocl22tl
Q. W. QREER,
PHYSICIAN AND HL'UOKON.
Jackhonvii.i.k, Oiikoo.v.
Offlw at hla rt'dilrnce nn Oregon tlrret.
SDR.L.S. THOMPSON
GUDY KIlUa STOltE,
t rv
orriCK
rmiiikxcu
l)Mlte ! toiinl,' Jail.
Jaerouilll'.Ogn. drt2llf
W. Q. T'VAULT,
ATl'ORNKY AND COUNSKLIX)U
.A.T XjA.-Wf
JXCKQSXM.K, OBXOOM.
Office at- refideiic on California Street.
All builiw-t entruited to bit care ptourU-
lyattnd.nl to. Jail4tr
PEXER. DRITT,
IMintneraiililc A it lit,
It pr-prid to lakn pictures In every ftylr
of the art, with alt Ibe late Improvement!.
If Picture do not give rallnfaction, no
charge-, wllV l made. Call nl IiImicw fial
Icrr. on tbe hill, examine hi lilclurw. aud
lljor jroiiHkciieiai.
DR. A. B. OVERBECK.
Tw nvarliwV tvniltil nnnnilllPD 111 llm !(
Iteua of Jackton county and vicinity, lhat
hnlm rliiriiiil to J.ick-onvllleund rcuined
Hie practlco of meillclue. Ho will aluayx
bo found at uta old ttuml, tuo uveruccK
llomllul. unlt-M aWnt lirofridou
al builncu. He would respectfully tollclt
a renewal of former jialronage,
Dissolution iyouco.
ilHR noderilgncil lias this day Willi
1 'drawn from tbe firm of Tliomwon &
Jlavls1, aud will conlinuo tlio .prncllco of
.Metllclaf, tturcery odu uoiieincs, in
JackconvlUe ami vicinity, nml solicits n
tlmr nt llm nnlrnnai-c. Oflic-c at his resi
dence at the old Slurry Iloennlead.
t, u. it a via.
Dec. 131 h. 18C1 i!!l'i
Wnlclllnnkcl, nml Jeweler!
On Oregon street, flritdoor norlb of
llrcjiunos jacKtonvitie, ugn.
johnf. iiouck,
JIaunfacturcr ami repairer of
MiUonaof Watcbea, Obrononietera, Clocks
i
Jluilcal anil other jDSlrumenis, etc.
Alio, JKWKLUY wanufjclured nml
repaired, ofJer tbo most approved style of
tb& art, aud 'warranted for one year. Price
accordlog (0 times.
? JOHN P. IIOUOK,
1 Cliroiiooieter ami Walcbsuker.
Jacktonville, June 25, 1801. '3m
Oilicinl lUijinrl or Colonel
Drew's Owyhee Expedition.
(cOXTtXl'M) fBOM SWXTINXI. Of VKII. II.)
The UioU practical of tho panics leading
up into llio mountain are at lis soitthcnit
extremity. Tbo ono most jeiiemlly uud
liy the Snnka Imlinns however, is on the
opposite tide, leading In from tho northward,
nnd panltig tip from a point nearly .oppo
site tho soulhnd of Chrlitniu Tikc ; the
trolls ol lite Stitikrs from Hip norlliruit nml
west converging to It. These trails were
well beaten lmtgavo evidence or not being
In-eontlant nf .
Indian "ilgn" wni pleuly from llio tint?
wo cnlerid Warner's valley ; lint we saw
no Indications of any unusual force being
near, until we reached the north pais up
Warner's ninnnlalnt tho one last mentioned.
Here we found nbout sixty new and deser
ted lodges, evidently left not more limn
three duyt before, and In ami nround therii
fragments of beeves that their occupants
had fcnMcri upon. The tracks of Ameri
can hones, ponies, mules nnd cuttle, nil
coming in from Ilia northward, nnd past
ing up Into the mountain, were numerous
nnd but recently made.
The news of tbo nltack by the Snake
chief Pditlinl and Ills band upon Cnplnln
Drake's command nrar CuAnn City in .Muy
previous, In which Lieut. Stephen
Walton was killed, hat! rciiclicd tu baforo
wo Icfl I't.lvln!ntvlli.Thc affair by the same
Indians with ltichardion and others ut Sil
ver Like, we nlno bad full knowledge of.
From thcte facts and the Indication!
hero prricntcd, It was evident lo 111 that
Puitlinl and bis Indians bad fallen back to,
and were occupying this mountain fur
safely nnd the enjoyment of their plunder.
This supposition has liern (urlluly con
tinned by Puullnl himself, who slati that
be ttdi Unto at lhat time, ond that be pre
parid twice to tttluck ui ; but that he did
not do to bccauio we kept tuo chuely guar
ili.il, and bccauio he was afraid of llio "big
gun" our twelve-pounder Mountain How
Itztr. This Is Indian testimony, of couri,
but Ibe tame Indian gives n very iiecurnle
description of our aim pi nml route from
the Sierras lo and around Wuruer.'j motin
tain.. Ha alio describe! very accurately
our order of marching, putting Ilia
Ilnwllar In ponlllon Immcill.itcly upon our
arrival nt camp, picketing und guarding
our horses In the dnytlme, uud tying them
cloic ami guarding ut night, nnd oilier de
tails lhat were enforced during t!C entire
rcconnoWjancc, nu.I which lie mint have
leurnctl u lie lays be did, by following us
from the Sierras down into the country of
Ibe PiuJ.es.
Wo were In the vicinity of llio main
body of then Indians npwjrili of twelve
ihiys ; anticipating, aud pri uml fur an at
lack from Ihcin At any momeut. Having
u force of only tlilrly.ninevidiiUil men, und
tcternl families under our charge, and prop
erty to tho value of perhaps one hundred
ami forty thousand dollars to guard, not
lucludlng our own supplies In llio estimate,
I deemed "discretion the belter p.irt ofvul
m" and nvoideil acting upon tho offcutlve,
though always choosing ground fur tlio aV
Icruative should It be forced upon us. To
have attempted the offensive with so small
a force, and under Iheclrcumslnnces named,
would duubtleM have been futile, und prob
ably disaaleruus ; at It would have involved
Ibe urcertlty of dividing our strength and
llnujeopirtlizlng the safely of our camp,
trains and supplies, while our wholo force,
would have been liuufGcIent to attack the
Indians with any chance of a successful re
sult. Sleln'j mountain Is visible from Warn
er', being almost duo east, and distant forty-seven
miles. Another high mountain Is
also visible lo the northward, seemingly is
sol.iled In Its position, nnd Is probably In
the vicinity of Harney Lake. Borne of the
mountains around Ilia Pueblo District arc
also visible ia a direction a little cast of
toulli.
From Warner's mounlala to Pueblo val
ley, so-calleil, wc pasted In n southerly di
rection over tho moat sterilo country we
had yet seen j hardly n spot of grass that
wis In any way beneficial for our animals
to eat, for a distance of fifty miles, nnd no
water except a small muddy alkaline lake,
rendered uupalalablo by bIng the common
rendezvous el countless ducku, geese, and
all o"ber species of water fowls common to
tbe country. Hy digging boles nlonj its
bank wc obtained water that was barely
endurable for cooking purposes, but jiot nt
all palatable to drink. This we named, as
Its character suggested, Guano Lake.
Tbe Indian trails from tbe direction of
Warner's mountain, and that vicinity,
all except oae, which leads to (he east
ward, converge towards tbe bead oflhis
lake, where they join and form a wide,
heavy beaten truck, which continues thence
southward towards Pyramid Lake, and is
doublleu lie maiu Iudlan thoroughfare
between fbat region and. tbo Spake country.
On this trail nere ftcb tracks of several
American hones und numerous Indian
ponies; also, of n heavy lenm mule uew-
ly shod, rendering It npparcnt Hint the In-1
dians of Wurncr' mountain were still bov- j
crtnj around us, watching our movements I
mid seeking an opportunity to nttack us.
Near Hilt lake, one of the ludtea of the ,
trains traveling under our escort, was taken
violently III, taxing llio (kill of Dr. Orcer
to relieve her, and requiring the use of the
uttibulanco for her safely and comfort in ,
outtnulng her Journey. 1
1'rnm this point wc pofliri In a south
east direction out ol tho bain or trough
In which tlje.lukois sltttnlod, by a low nnd
smooth deprciiilon in tm rim, nnd enteral
upon n fcemlngly Inlrrmlnitblc field of the
largest nnd most vigorous sage wc had yet
seen. The surface of the country Immedi
ately along our route was generally clear
of rock, smooth and quite firm; but tbo
largo sago wos n severe clog to our wagoni,
adding greatly lo tho labor of our teams,
nml llio lullguc 01 1110 COIlimanu. Ulir .
lady patient, too, being regarded nl the
poitt of tlentli. and requiring, as nil bo
-" ' ..- 1
lictvd, a halt of several d.iy.i to mvc her,
II indeed she could bo saved ut till, added
to the general gloom nnd Intense anxiety
of that duy's march. To ball whore them
was neither water or grass for miles around
was Impossible, nud added to this was the
nncerlntnly of rcnchlug water, nt tho IicaI,
for n night and n day to come. Our Stir-
prise Volley guide knew whero there had I
lK-eniprings in j uno previous, anno tmiiii 1
10 which we were directing our ciiurse;
but It was now the 1-1 th of August, the
lima when sprtuga that aro not living foun
tains usually go dry, nnd our fuilh that wc
should find water at Ibis season anywhere
no the wide waste on which wo were Jour
neying, was hardly greater than tho grain
of milliard spoken of more than eighteen
hundred years ngu. However, oftcr twenty-sown
nnd 11 half miles nf hard marching,
wa reached the springs which had been so
noxiously coveted during the day, and
found ourselves "as well at could bo ex
pected under the circumstances."
These springs bunt from tho east aide of
n high table mountain, having n con!ca
peak mounted upon its summit nt this
point, which Is visible from Earners
mountain fifty miles distant, The largest
of these springs leapt directly out of the
solid roek or the mountain' side, well up
1 0 wards its summit, and all How through a
grassy ravine wido enough for tbe passage
of wagons, In the desert below. In com-
p'lmcht to 0r gu'ile
wc named, (hem
"Isuao's Springs."
T11 nil.llttiiii Ia .rnrwt wtilr llir ta 1ilr.
II .1(1.1. Wl. . M .,.... ...,.. J ....., - ...- -
an nbiiiidancc of cxeelliut binich-grats, , tribe. Willi the Plutes, Snakes, Klumalhs, I
growing upon the narrow slepies that rise
ono nlmvc uiiotbcr, and form (he mountain's
tide, nud ulso ou the summit of tho mouo
lain lltelf.
Thu Indians whnhad so long and zeal
ously watched and guardnl us. ubandoiicd
their post nt Guano Like, nut having fol
lowed or preceded us past that point.
Wc were now clearly In the country of
tho so-called Piules, all of them claiming
(o ba"Winnamucca's papooses," but over
whom thai chief exercises no apparent con
trol either for good or evil. The Indiuns
oflhis region, calling themselves Piutcs,
aie evidently oulsldo bauds of Snakes
having no recognlixd chief, and having
Ihelr habitation nuywbero between War
ner's mountain on the north, the old South
cm Oregon Immigrant road on the toulb,
tho Humboldt on the east, and the Sierra
Nevada mountains on the west.
From Isaac's Springs we proceeded In n
southerly direction, in tho mine lutentiiua
ble field of sage, but by a gradual dsseent
to Pueblo Valley; passing down a wide
ennon, having in many places high per
peudlcular walls ou cither side, and enter
ed a small tributary valley of the Pueblo(
wateied by a creek palling In from tbe
northwest, through a deep chasm "In the
high lublo thai encircles tho valley, ex
cept at its southern extremity, ar.d break
ing at U nor I hern sufficient lo admit of
our entrance. This creek evidently has Its
source Ic some alkalloo lake, perhaps In (he
imureous Uuano,and slightly cooled nnd
probably otherwise Improved by falling
down precipices, and running through sha
dy chasms. Qrasa along its banks, from
where It enlcr the vallev down a distance
of about four miles wlure it sinks, It plen I
ly, and for tbo region is of a very good
quality. Tho surface of tbe valley ts very
uneven, but strikingly uniform in its eleva
lions and deprewbos, resembling the waves
of a largo lake suddenly stapied after a
steady gale. In other words, it seems to
have been cut entirely too wide for the
place it cqvers, and then to have had its
side, first pressed down Inside of Its volctn
lo walls, Iwvlng I ho rest to fall in any posi
tion it might. The surface of somq of these
waves pro, moist and clastic, yielding readily
to n gentle pressure q(,tbc foot, aud rcsuta-J
log their shape when It s takeo.pll. .All
of them nnd ,tby would number by tbo
thousandr-range parallel with tbo walls
on either side, north, and south ii8tid.aiw
had lo croia tbctu diagonally, in ,calerlog
Pueblo Ynlley, wo wcru forcibly reminded I
of tho decidedly unpleasant sensations we
had felt when voyoglng on the Currlbbcan
Sen after a severe yule.
Tho Indians of this region are not very
numerous, nor arc they very shy of white
men. 'I hoy have hiding places in (he cnv.
cms nnd recesses or the mrrounding moun-
,..l., ln ...I.I..I. .!... ...I...I ....... .tl.
.u..m, w u,w, i,,rj ,11111.1 v,i,j uiyui (
while wo were In their vicinity, returning ,
lo the valley ngalu in the morning, and the
mules occasionally visiting our camp. One
ol these calling himself " Humboldt Jim"
a borrowed name, doublings could speak
tome Knglish. He hud a fine Philadelphia
tnado rilU.whleh he was vcry'anxious lo
tell a very good Indlcatlou that ho nnd
bis comruuu did not wish i in ooo.td.r.J j
belligerents, nud treated uccoidiugly. They ,
kntw nolblng whatever of the rclatiK
vulne of gold and silver, one or Ihcm.as
wc ofterwartls learned, having given a five
Jullar gold piece lor a dollar and n tpiartcr ,
m niTir, cviueimy 1111 me money mai uny
of them had, and wus grcully delighted
.... . ... . 1
with his bargain, having three puces of
money itiilcad of one, nod each of the
three much larger than the one, he seemed
to think himself something of n capitalist,
and of much more consequence In Ids tribe
than before his success us a broker1.
Though appearing every wny friendly
with our whole force present they wore en
tlrelv too Inquisitive In bo agreeable to
wurih some of the command that hud been
icm in niivnncc wiiii iwo 01 inc caiuo
inum 10 nuoiu whit nnnrin,' imiinuvj,
nt Isnnc's Springs for those who wero In ,
the rear. They aro doubtless aiuawlnt by
nature, but uro too cowardly to utlack ' thai Is to be taken from thcte tnlnes-'imi
any party of armed white men unless by ' consider themselves fortunate Indeed,' lf":
surprise. during the next year they loose at tho
There Is one virlne however, that these bands of tho Indians nothing more than
Indians nro tald to potci, that llio Imll-' their eattlo and horses, nml other penoruii1'1
am generally of the Paclllo Coast do not. cffecls. They hove a fonr-stamp steam ''
They do not prostitute lliolr sqnaws nor ul-' crushing mill In operation, tiling saga for
low them to turn prostltulcs themselves. In fuel, Tliclr enthusiastic fu!th in lb In
punishing the offense however, they manifest , M,Cno riches or these mines and the'flikbf '
more madness than reason, as tho woman 1 10 fl,,d nil else Ihey poef lo developing
is me oniy party unjuugcu giiiny, nnu
.speedy dmth, ollcn by burning olive,
her portion,
A irluc U here mcnlioncd at It U gen-
crally understood among christians, and '
; not In lite senso In which It Is practiced .
by Hie Indiuns of the western frontier, or
other barbarians. Among nearly all the In-
dlan tribes of Oregon nnd'norlhcrn Cal-j
Ifornla, murder, rnplur, robbery and theft,:
are vlrtw of Ihc hlghcit order; and In
proportion to the number of iuitanrcs In
whicii tneso iiavo uccii pracitceu, or strict 1
III fllt-rveil. til llio Illdllin T.lltcil III Ilia '
Modocs and Pitt rivers, It la virtuous to
seize and ravish the women of tribes with
whom Ihey nro at wnr, often among them
selves, and lo rclulti or tell litem nud their
children as slaves. Tlic'nclt which follow
the capture of women, under Iheto circum
stances arc regarded as lite greatest tribal
Insult that can bo ollcrcd, ond tho strong
est modo of di-claHng war. This custom
is doubtless the true source of tho virtue
mentioned os being so severely observed by
Piutcs, If not of the cases of rare clirii
Linn virtue so often boastfully chronicled
as being powcucd by tbe tlusky maidens
of tbo forest. Among the Klamatlui, chil
dren of slavo parcnta who, it may be
thought, stand In the way of the mother's
more profitable prostitution, or sale, ore
killed with as litt'e compunction as we
would feci at killing a venomous reptile.
Children too, who aro not slaves, sell
their widowid mothers for any purpose
for which they can find a purchaser.
Puulng around the south end of Pueblo
mountain Into Pueblo valley, wo
changed our course up the same towards
Ihc norlheait, iwtslng along between the
mountain and ft small alkaline lake, snl
near Us head a magnificeut hot spring,
shaped like a deep cauldron, and boiling up
directly in Its center, passlug alto what ore
known ns the "Pueblo mines," thence bear
ing still more (0 the northward and cross
ing a point of Stein's mountain, entered Ihe
valley of the same namojn which was lo
cated Camp Alvord, where wo met Capt,
Curry, 1st Oregon Cavalry, with his com
inaml. Stein's Valley and mountain aro
named In honor of Mvjor Stein, U. S. A.,
wJio explored them when opening n wagon
road Into that region from tbe Warm
Springs, situated not far from Fort Dalles.
Pncblo Valley as it Is called, Is an alka
line sand and sage plain, contatulng a few
islands of gross, and having partially grass
covered surrouadiDgs ; similar iu all re
spects to piaoy other portions of tbo great
desert of which it forms, a part just equal
lo its extent, It is about sixty mlks in
length, baying a geoerol course from north
to south, diverging a little to tbo westward
towards lis southern extremity, and is
about twelve mile in width. Pueblo
mountain forms, Its western boundary, aud
a mountain ealkl Vicksburg, with its con
tarnations to tho northward, bound Hon
tlio east. .Along the baso of Tusblo
mourttaio it is .qulte.woll watered by twill
streams and sprisg ; aud across .041 tbo
opposite sldcrKbttlng n ftJtn tb south-
oisl, Is n'consfdoroblo strccmcallcd Trout
Creik. This stream abonnds wlttufln"
mountain troat, but bow ii0X ever.. got
there la n mystery, as the crcckySJnlu
nlmost bclorc it reaches the tcrcl of tbe-
inin . nml it seem ntlerlylmposaiblcHliat
jt couj iavo ever conntctal wlib.n,.
.. . . . ,'. II .f
oilier stream or oouyjii miit, f
x10 best grating of thfs rrnion, Is on "
Trout Creek, nnd on Pueblo moHoUlri
Hunch grass Is the chief reliance, butlbentia
are other wild grant in spots on Troat -l
Creel:, some of them nfibrdlng a fcJoknl')T
Crowli for hay,
. , .it ' r
'i'ho willows 'otong tbo 'ilree,, ''
rCw collouwoinl frcos 'cif etf JmtM'fyttfy
aha , O.looi mounlaJrl mboVy, I :
n tho timber of which this region" ewi Z
boost. The Sierra Nevada mountains, .
about ono hundred am! PflJ" miles diriaat
by any known pass for wagons, affords the
nearest ttmbor for wice.hnplc; prposs
ii,t m, ycl been fOUUtl.
The Pueblo mines are In Pueblo rqoun-" .
tain. Thr-ynppcar lobe mainly copper,,,
though It it claimed by those who" own
tlitni lhat they arc rich In silver dntTgold,
Tho population numbers about ibtrly.raC 1
all resident mining claimants, and lkir.anM
plnyers. Their situation Is aneilreroW
isolated one, nnd except In tho way of their
rllles, they aro wholly unprepared to resist
any attack from the Indians, by whom',,,
they are surrounded on all sides, nod of
whom they aro hourly In danger. Reports
orjmlmn (leprcdallous may bo expected
fIOm this region nt any time, and the prosj "
pectlve owners of the Imaginative wcalih'r
ti,cm, clearly entitles ttifw to rlcti rwsu-
nlnry reward, much greater than It U1 at "
nil probable they will ecr rrctlr'fibt3
tho source they now expect It. KntertMri; '
my of this character howerer.dt seems !.'
ways best to encourago to a moderate "(W
grec, especially where tho encouiagrmeBt "
coils but little, as the public Is oflen lU'1
recipient of lubttantkl benefits' that ra"'
the result of mcaturet whose originators "
were considered visiooary wko tltcv tint
shaped nnd advocated then. Nothing ' "
lends to ucvelope n new country so mueu
nt llm lirliflil linnn Itiftl Mi1rl Irfttcur-'
H..0H. ...... .... .... .......
nro hid beneath Its surface; nml our I'ocblo''"
friends, by dint of hard work, and mnefc "'
delving, may uncover something that" wilt
enrich themselves aad add (0 tbe wealth of "''
the worhl. '
(TO UK CONTINTJim. ) ' ;''"
1 " ' l !- m i,
A Rp.tAmCAji!.s WouK--MrtJ. rrgSX,0
Pile diet! a few days ago is Wilson county(.
Tennessee, nged 103 yean. I'rom Jtr. rt
Thomas I). File, otic of bcr grandsons, we
learn that she was born on the 12th .of,
April, 17C1, nud was consequently ,103 t
years old on tbo 12th of April last, llcr
husband, Leonard Flte, Vat a soldier fa" ,
tbo revolutionary war, aud fought through- T
out the struggle as private, having sfedl
ly refused promotion. Mr. and Mrs, File
emigrated to Tennessee from North Ca'rc-' v
lloa, and settled hero when this pkee was '
kuown as Kath's Lick. In bose 1'(a.
Mrs. File oflen assisted in molding bul-,,,
lets, while her husband nnd othen be
longing to the "settlement" wero defeat!- '
lug themselves ogalust the attack of the. a,)
Indians. Mrs. lite has liittl with hex irli
third son, JaOob File, in Wilson couoly ,
(or a nnmtor of yeon.hcr hatband bavitifr
flint rnnnv vrara Iuj-a In Amltti wintv. f
-"- " - J .. ...m ih ...... ...
iy years tincc In titnltb county.
On tho 12th day of April, 1801. a larifo v
number of bcr descendants met at thehoufo r lt
owtcuit m, uu itKhrsw MiWim, ,
nmuivi(mijr n tin uutiiupj-. ji UHl lltuo
she bad 11 children living, her okll, a '"
son, being 60 yean old, aud tor youngest;
a daughter, 60; 7C Rrao4cblldra,v305. ,
great grandchildren, 71 great great grand
children, and two great great great
grandchildren In all, 400 living desceed-,
puts. At the time of her death'' bcr
grandchildren of tho Dllb generation b4
Incrcused to 21, and her grawUeo- fe4
quite certain her living tlfwendaBls .caw
number over 600. Mr- Flte was a re
markable woman, as wero all those who'"
actively participated in the straggles lu-
cldent of tho early settlement of tMf .,
State. She retained n vivid jceollectloo
of the revolutionary struggles, as veil as ',
th.010 which resulted in the establishment'
of tbe white settlement In Tcnnesate. 'Jlar
memory was clear and her bsallb good
almost to tho hour of her death. IoAicd, .
It may be truthfully said that sho llvett
until "the delicate HiacnUie" was Nlbely"
worn out, am! "tbe iwheabi, wry"o '
lire, at last stood tAVWJS'athvilU , bu. .
paldi, Nov. 10. 1' .,
Why is tbo devil a gentleman? BeMBsa '
Ibe Imp of darkness coukl not Ua-'laip 0-'
light. t . n Hub i: Ji
Ir you, visit a sweet girl, andif you are
won ftt-d the is wot), you' shall botbbo one? ,
.:.... ' Li t ji. Ms lo
Corn-dodecMarp greatly to, bo pwfiKred 'M
to artful qoJers: ' w , , .;.",,,,
Why ere ebkkeo- llbsralt' BeMB "
Ihey give a peek whoa ithy take k,' dw
il
- 1
IKwsS,