nmwiiniwwm
JWOWPllWWCT
THE OREGON SENTINEL.
'
jM-iwi.iwf-jyg'".?'
fVm !. smm
Jiw5j.-5u. j
jiijiuMi wiwi iwii iiiniiMirTiiri iiwintriiii i
SM IX ADVANCE.
JACKSONVILLE, OREGON, SATURDAY, JULY 12, 1S62.
YOL. VII NO. 26.
-.-. - ! Vf W
TIM' OHI.VU SL..MJ.Wili.
lir.NUV DltNMNonil. I'uVr nml frnp'r.
(i f owr Clugiigt If Drum's Slullts.
currTWN One year, in advance. Four
n IrS.x months, Two Pollun and Fitly
u three months. One llultar niid t Ifi;
.it. I nle renewed, paper will be dlfcnn
f.; a' the expiration of " time Tor which
..." uvt t unpaid.
i,r.'MAu-Oiw square (10 line orlec
J,,m:tti'n.TbrI)olUw: uneh stib'eqiieiit
Kfii.m Kti- Dollar. A dl-eimnt of tlfty per
V. .! nude to thwc who admtk by the
Jif
ADVERTISERS.
pr jpr'uoBtlon to Postmaster awl Mull Car
rtn uu can lenrn that the Ohwios. Sbxtimh.
w, K far a !rrf circulation In the eeuntrw
, Jk'on. Jo-epliine and Dousla. Oregon,
L !.' Sort-, California, than any ether pa-
twj w superior medium for udvrrtWttg.
!. of Agcnti for iho Oregon Sentinel,
,i- rc nuth"rlHl to transact any business
,jruiiig tbi paper, lu lit mime rf the pub-
i P F.h-r Sa Frnnc!.
Ui -' : .V"?
uifU Ashland.
j,-ert .OJVW
iS DualT
; jr r itiubiw.
a.e m li
v ll t i.art.
tj ! . - ...
M -.i
Ml Ta-irn
Iifai Msllory . .
p. Mr-a .
f J KUtwortb
f Cwman
5 ttak-fl. M
Bnj.min t'ouk
J .-tnitb
.VilMnmrric
..Kartwvilie
. .YTalrto
ItEDttTIOX OF ritlCES
-IX-
Stoves & Tinware.
G. I?. DORRIS
lias now opened a
Stove and Tinware Shop
On Third Street, near the Post Office,
Jacksonville, Oregon,
Wtnrc 1 will keep en hand the best pattern
-or-C00K1NO
STOVKS.
PARLOR STOVES.
SALOON STOVKS.
Ami every klml of
Tin, Iron and Coppcnvnrc,
Resides n great variety of Culinary article
too numerous to tiMM.tion
Permit wl.hittg nnrihlng In my line are re
t prelfullv invited to chII awl esumlne ttte qiMil
lt mtd iWc or my ware.
Uvry klml of Joll WOHK done to order.
3I- on Wan ltrinlirt IVIllinnt t'tinrs
CKOKtiU U. nuntu..
JaekMnellle. N. . 1m. 1.
..Kertmllbr
Wa
AN ADDRESS,
Mirrmion I txrmkm of Mr OMritfwfi f lM
WrM V July, lcC2, ( AMoml, Onfn.
r o. jacoos.
Corrt.lMiiiclcnre.
AiiiiaNn, July 3th, lfr.2.
0. J.uiiiH. Fj. Mf Sir: lly the unani
mous vote of the lnrcc nudlenee, ilial Ikteued
to xour aiMref. dclierd at AMml on the
Fmirth of July, It l mnde our plenliiR duty,
a the Committee of Arrunpemrntf, to rpjet
mi in imIIU1i the Mime In the Skktinbl Wi-
hope vm will r'.lfv the w lUea or.vwi numeroui
frlwl lv didiiK mi.
Yours for the Tnlon.
K. Kvn:nr, )
A.I). ll:t.Mix. .Com.
A. V. Gii.u.tti:. )
JArMriu.K, July Tib. 1P2.
tMtlta iMtte ta me of the Mb
or July natlvn wi the wnif dav on whkb
I. . 1.1.. Ilt u... l.ulfatlMM t llAt'r
ftMtattd to wmjdy with the riuert of the
Rood ittple of Abtml awl vlehdiy. Hopln
Omt tlie adtlraM nv Imve mme ttimH iet In
ilrHbilnp IbedelermlnntMi or the lKunie
ind Mul to HMlntnln the UiiIm at nltlmmnl,
and lou
1 retaalH. yuure,
To il iMwr,
0. jAClllat.
It. IIKI.MVN, Com.
V.tiiu.crrs.1
axu-
1 SS j2u33XXaEI3E:L"5r
L. P. FISHER'S
Advertising Agency
o. (WO VbIiI"(;"I Slrrel.
.Swr't oppoelte Mapulr.'s Opera. ltM,
tfAN" KUAN CISCO.
ttJa.JZ.TZTZ.7Z: "BS 5S &s
aldo
Alrtwe !
, CaHyMvilKF I
ltnaetwrj
Salem
ItngeneCity
II....UI Pit
"""?:.! .u-t.r : ... . . ...j -1-..1.1 .1.
Aiwny. ' rpHK wl'riBnu wiwhi rwpwjFuny m forefainer unou ainnwBr jo www" "
Cwrmlli., 1 ibe cltteetHi of Jlw awl Bdj.dnitir j . . rf , UpvoiyHon, jHwrlup imt
All Kinds f Sntlfllcrj- K Hanies-i Ilea which we art; permitted Xo wdoy; while
UMlar thote libertic r twlRg itHetmeu wim
of
Fw.:wCrriM: :
We have cntntmil loilay tor Ike ocklira
tlott of the eiphiy-dxth awdvcrwiry of Aitwri
can IndepemtencB. Wt lve met under ctf
cumetancw diflererit from thw thai ivor r-roumli-d
i More. White we cwnmt morale
the patriot rrrittw of onr forefclhcf. v.-e
mom the ilejretittaey f a portion of tlwir
iVecedaut. i:ithtrlx yeM ntjo or nation
wm born and today it ts UiR ndeemed by
patriot' Mood. Kifthtycbc yean ft and oar
,lrerti-nwnti and .ub-erH'tl wile ted
I,-1 'iiaui'S w:.tix:i- and ot tbr priw:lpl
trr on the I'aeirte cm. AderlHtB
hmrU.t: o pnr (mbllfbvd lu any portWi uf
tk'AUauiA Mali.
"dusinisss CAnbs.
OKAXGi: JACOllS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
jM.Uulirlllr, rrj;n.
'ILL attend lo bwifw in tl Corts tl
I the First Judiciul Uutrk-t. and w w
O f4jf -fj
haareoie t.iuru
"
Men .it
IIrv Draupht Harm- (Ump ad hort tug) ! oniethin(t of the fame plrlt nml wllh all ol
'Owieonl Manei. !- IIw their reaiathw w. Kyi.t y ?
(double and ince) ,i. trM Df Hberte km planted by patriot
Sp.nW.Sad.ll";. tree WMowk . ; . . fa w ..w Anwko, otal
I-dw- addh-, Joekey Nill,
Sinfclh-Wp, HthMa,
uiMele, FinlWw,
Csrrxnmilrt
Whip. U'hjHrts.
Awl all other arnclea awiUy fwJ m a
frol-cltitt slock uf
A LI- WOIl It W A li II A N T K 1
In b SoutMiel H riWine;, L'aiiiwnm
iii:miy judoi:,
Store
atreet.
JjctooarInVf.Hiv.2l. 1I.
4if
HIM a. m.c
1V.C Ai JIAJ-1-OUY,
5L. f . D- HAINES & BRO.
..
j Are now Closing Out
ATTOEN-EYSAT LAW, . t fc of
IU.o,D,Bl..tai.rr.Oj;,w. tilt-U Vt
IU. attend ta any JitHlne! nWJ .l' nnlc GlOCCl'iCS &
tkw. is the Kverul CWU of the 1 iwt , fjfUUUA, ,tl u'
Liquors, at the Very
i
Jwhekl pHtrkt
prnae C"irt
of Oteeofl. and W theivt-
(Velotiw 2fl-.tt
WAR SCRIP, WAR SCRIP.
B. F. DOWELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
T.II1 aratiee in all tfi OurM r tiie TbW
JadUial DWrict. the ptm CKt o!Ut
ea. and In Vrwfcu. Cal.
He ba an ageut at WaJiInjton. nwl eaew
t tWl that eHv and the Atlantic tbK Samawr
i4FiU.awlaByliutla will receive r-r
luiiM try.:l
aualMia.
3tivj?a.'9as
Barker SHop,
HivofXae Siatt Saho,"on Third St.
QHAVIN'O. Halr-eHltlHR. Shampooing Cup
J hue awl Hale lyinR-
AU. a genuine article ol Flh' .UIbkw
tsaATUEud Criidru' Aw lv W
,tl. Jackonville. Jan. 2l I
Lowest Rates,
FOR CASH !
OIf n a eall. at the I'4 0 HalM
lac. eT"r f California ad 0e '
April 1. )W- '"-
"Wanted in Exchange!
- AT THE -
BOOT & SHOE
Lt ElaosJJs:,
PV7TEH 1311 ITT,
PHOTOGRAPHIC ARTIST JoATS, WHEAT &BAC02a
Jnrk.oiit lllr, Orf(;uii
Irrepmlto tke l'loturei In every aiyiew
Art. HB lUI ine vxvcm imi..
tHy. a Mrrietl lej;ioa ol CO0.000 wnrrion ore
ready ta water it with their Wood, tirow 11
wilW-ftonrwH It nwt or n rniliwo (vf jiatrlol
warrkiea will (Wep their lat ileep beneath H
eaml and bhwte.1 branch. Dwpoti may
rejoice, nml traitor may rtevekvp their
mod rcbrmca ol dWIntegratlon and death;
but liberty nml eoMtitutionol freedom will
live, and SoorUli. and triamph ferntr.
How hallowed are the Watwic awocmtloM
ctNtnected with ltd day ! How thrllliap ore
the rocHwh that It awake : How proadly
4eMiiHr te every American the rtHectww,
that while every where t-tfC.oll vnt the Uee
iof Uo.IV earth, the clank of the opprewoe
1 ihain l heard, and the Iron keel ei the deaput
I U felt, be alone 1 he.
A the day and all of Its aMMiallow Jiotat
t the Mt. thitiwr let m f, and rtfreth oar
patriotkwi by a Ubrf wrvhjw c4 tb men and
eeM of revolatiowtry time.
Waehinflon and lUmUton. Adaaa awl
JtfcVMH. PmHkliu and Haucoek, Owew and
Knox. Itnwy awl Amn. with a boat I
other, leap from their pram npon thhi hal
luwed dav and jm in wilt review before m.
demaudmr a KMuf notice and our eternal
grutitw!. They jwwed lhroth the fearful
baptim of fire and blood, and Mood in Ter
ror '1 cwlnl lioar the unwavering advocate and
lU dauntlew deftndtn of tw riglits or man.
Tkv have pawed from the tew of mortal
Ity bulitill tliey lic; lic today In the af
fection of their loyal countrymen, and ever
will live in the memory of tl oppred and
,kn-trodd all over the foce of Uod green
earth. Not till advancing time tlmll have
eflketd frere tl memory of man the recollec
I'khi of the cruillyof mllernl noU. will
they reap their full reword of glory, ai the po
litical saviors of lite world. Heroic action
and noble deed constitute the mott cndarlnt;
foumkitlen for earthly Iwnor and immortality
.-'BCJ'Jb'JCJBCSS
ron -
ti
3ff"JB
d nt rive tatlfactwn.no charge will be madr
01I at FunkV aar Store, or ul the Gallery on
t) Hill, and kc bl l'ktur. L
P. H. IilriVII.
Wboleialc and r.eUil Dealr In
Foreign and Domestic
T .TtQTTOllS,
WINES, SYRUPS & CORDIALS,!
-AT TJS -
EXPRESS SALOON,
.Corner of Callfuri.ta and Thiol bUtel.
Next door to IWckman'a Exprea.
.rJt'All order prompjlyjllltd; ?5iL-
.INSURANCE AGENCY,
JACKSONVILLE.
llotclf. Store,
Harness, Bridles and Saddles,
Of nil kind., and all kiud. or Saddle rlgsioS-
sir Hoot "1 Shoes made ami re-
paCd to order la a neat and workmanlikf
manner, imjuire of j. R. CilAI'IN.
l'liwnlx. Feb. W. ?
NEW STOCK!
J. KTEU3BB.
. !- .n.t 1tflrt.
TTAS recently receivcu 0 iarSc "'
J.1 tied aiurtmni in
srniNu ANDWi:iour
CLOCKS.
RIT.YKll WATCHES.
-"" .- ......... l.V
DIAMOND JIS n. , .
1'EAUL. EMIillALD, and CAMEO falTI S
Together with 0 plendld lot or otbur
yean ngo, to day, that wonderful elate paper
received the unanimous sanction of the Colo
nial Congress. The hoar of its adoption will
ever be considered the nitst eventful hour in
the history of free governments. It was a
manly blow, struck by an icTant nation at the
power of centralised despotism, whose benifi
cent effects can never be fully estimated " un
til the wreck of matter and the crash of
world."
x us call np the historic scene npnn which
patriots have ever looked with feelings of exult
ant hope, and tyrants with fearaiKl trembling.
The Colonial Congress is in session. The que
tlon of Independence is before tliem. Those
earnest ami patriotic ncu feel their momtn
tunes responsibility, and move with becoming
deliberation, l-'ull will they know that on
their action bang, far weal or for woe, not
only the dertlny ol tlie American continent,
but that, on the ultimate consequences ol that
eventful liour, hung the destiny of the down-
trod nml nnnresfcd millions for tee ret to
roll en. If thev made the Declaration and
failed to support It, they not only staled their
own doom, bat they effectually scaled the doom
of n continent.
Kneiaml wa a strong, arrogant, nod pow.
erful iinthm. She ld wealth, a powerful
navy, n standin; army, and all tlie munitions
f war ; and, above all, she was backed by a
popalatloo of thirty millions of loyal subjects.
The cofonfo were weak, feeble and dependent
Slates. They lmd no wealth, no national
credit, no navy, no standing nrmy, nod wc
oVa-titnle of nearly all the munitions of war,
and only numbered some five millions in all.
Under the cirenmetaoew, tliey were about
to defy the power of tlie strongest nml proud
eel Uorernment on earth. To those bo arc
goreriH-d by no higher motive tlien expe
dience, the action of lansc eontcientkHM men
mnt ever appear m od act ol unpardonable
rMbMM and felly. Hnt when we remember
the trwit that tly were aectffle.l to repcc
in the HliM((fnwiBn of the rgAf. end llielr
reliant eonOdencc in the inlerveBtion of the
.uiwenM llnlcr of the Universe in their be-
Iwlf, the act kose it attribute of opparcnt
rahM, ai4 rise In regou gnndtHr end
motel mUmtly until It challenge the history
ol the world for n parallel.
It was urged on the one hand by the timid
and wavering among tliem, ihut, notwithstand
ing ISawbinil mtiattliifC l'r f-rc 10
ora.li not their constitutional rights as Kng
tumtttti. uwl tuuteribruw (lie colonial Union,
that wmUI'tfmi nml fnvtim hiiciIhiwhi
puarantees of their ultimate rights.
It was answered on tue outer, umi j.ngiauu
wnnld seoner treat with them on the basis of
mtire Independence tbau to stullify herself in
the fcee of the world by the bnmlltatleg nc
knowkdinment that lr eonrse had been ty.
ranirnl and owwive that the bad violated
the law of nations, and oalugvd the ooairoon
nr incil hrt of hnmauit r
The time (or speakinK had past the lime
for action had eowe. The anbjeet had been
presented in every llebt of wl'ieh it was sus-
revtible. awl. to e the langnaf e or one 01
their own number, Sink or swim, survive or
,1.1. thi- were fur the Declaration."
The immortal document wn befwe them. It
contained a nervous aud punsent enumeration
of their wrongs, and an efctfpKiit statement ol
their grievance, and closed by a manly appeal
to the clvlllwd world iu favor of the justness
of their cans.
In faet It was the Erst solemn and earnest
assertion of the absolute ami inalienable rights
of man tlie world lad ever lieard.
Tlie final vote was about to be taken. Oh,
rnv Cod I what an boor ! How many o! the
.1..,., tuini and most rocred rtebts of
I humanity were all ooneenterwl in that event'
fni tx.nr ! How many tnrooe rrouiu ue
sltakeo. Uw many Government overthrown,
bv tlie ultimate eonewtuenees of that Joleran
Ur!l
Having made the Declaration, they freely I olbcrs hesitated and debated long, but finally
pledged ' their lives, their fortunes, and their! passed it j while others still, after long debate
sacred honor, to support it j ' and how nOUy
was that pledge seconded by ao indignant na
tion t
Often as I have reviewed the history of my
country have I wondered at the sublimity of
the spectacle to sec a few Colonists, sur
rounded by savage foes, destitute of arms and
w Ithout the munitions or wnr, relying implicitly
on the justice of their cause and the prolccling
aid ol Heaven, iu the defense or ll.e Inaliena
ble and Heaven-conferred rights ol man.boklly
defying the power of the strongest and proud
cstOovtrnment of earth I It required moral
courage end moral heroism or the highest
order i but the Colonists, tuueht In the severe
school or adversity, were equal to the task.
There Is tw parallel in the history of the world,
unless it be in i'ic noble and rcnowed patriot
ism or the three hundred Spartans, who threw
themselves into the Pas of ThcrmopoVo, and
ami delay, attached some amendment to it,
which effectually defeated the whole scheme,
and remitted It back to Congress again. The
Congress of the Confederation resembled an
assemblage or envoys or ministers from sover
eign powers more than it did n legislative as
sembly. Thirdly and lastly : The Congress or the
Conrederation could only act npon States In
tbelr corporate capacity, and had no power to
act upon Individuals. This was the grand de
rect or the whole system.
With all the light that we possess on the
science of Government, it Is very palpable to
I ... ,1... ....I. n M..rr. nf f!nrffnmrnt nl tlifit
US lUttl FUUI U rjJil',1 - v-w. ... --
embodied in the Articles or Confederation
would not work. Hut we must remember that
our patriot rorefathcrs were very differently
circumstanced. Tliey bad fill the crushing
weight of centrullaeil Governments, and it was
called the immortal gods to witness, that, be- very natural for them to err on the other hand,
fore the proud millions or Xerxes should roll i and tojorm a Government too weak In its sov
over their beloved native laud, they roust pass creign energies to accomplish the end had in
over tlicir lifeless bodies.
The Colonist felt and knew llat they were
view.
Under the
old Confederation, the Colonics
wn?lni? no uidust war no war of plunder, were fast drifting to anarcliy ami contusion.
subjusatlon and conquest but were striking j Washington ami his compatriots clearly saw
In vindication or the sacred rights or man, and the breakers ahead, and warned ihim of tlicir
their trophles.ir tliey won any.wooMbc higher I danger. A Convention was caiieu, ami our
atd nobler than desolated countries, wasteu pirsenl uonsiuuiion nuopici. n isii
iranlres and smoulderlne cities. with the people, was adopted ny itic pcopio,
ii .W l.!,.wJ and tolll and suffered, and is a uovcrnmrm ..y .. i-w,
r.. .. !.. r,r. In i!.e caust of Liberty cuage Is : " We, the JVeff
and Independence, under the leadership ol lite
The soldtar who falls onml the roar ol uause, ,j1iere WBS K, Amid the silence a
go down In tlie prime of life to on lionorable mmltT Btow nnd propowd, before they regis
grove, nwl. will ever be temtmbered by LW i lef tl0fr ,, to what seemed to be their
(Pm
' . . Mill.
ttl!K5.:r"n "J"" " he mo.t f-vorWc
.v uwriiiRKi. ""?"," nintj. Goo. hue,
rtc. un
Sra,!SsJ?S!fUSS
And otber
nice.
j8:Zl
K. C SESSIONS. Agent.
Agricultural Implements.
1 LAHGE and varied assortment or Agri
A ;"r.i t-.um.nia. nf ull kinds, on hand
XV. cunurui iujiv ....-. --- ,
crateful coantrymea
Conneeted with tld day arc tl battle (kid
of the Devolution. A bale of historic glory
till gather around those brHebt owl g.oriuus
spot. Patriotic alWolton sum lingers niuum.
and mourn over the grave of Freedom' mar
tyrs. To freemen how dear, to dtepoU how
Terrible. Here freedom' martyrs Ml, fell as
hcrowand patriot ought to fall. "with tlrtlr
back to the fktkl and their fret to the foe.
looking proudly to heaven from a deathbed
of fame.
There is a voice heard from these consecra
ted spnUcrying-0 ! Despot, thy day of doom
is at hand !
There is a silent eloquence speaKing wiui
Tviii'ce nathos to every Ameriean'tlitnrt.ad-
iiirim.' him by the sufferings of the past, and
the fast developing glories of the future, to
consider the fearful price paW fur ins lioonu,
Urvast-Pins. llrooche.
Ear-Kin?. Finder Kings,
Lockets, lluukU. Clasps,
UrnceleU, Sleeve Uuttons,
JfccUacvs.
Wolch-CImins,
Cliatelains
and Seal.
All of which will be sold at uw r-iCES and
. warranted. ..,! nKPAIR
WATCIIlfir JEWELKY ;J CLOCKS.
a heretofore, in tno uesi maniiei-ni. ' -"V
V i ii L.inio. in i 1 e manufactured
tai eonsrnntlr arriving, for sale on the most j PJ":,,- wllll ..calne,. Cull and see hi,
fvWWe terms nnd nt the losmt clly prices-1 PP M mndf corner of Third and
. . m. ' ... . . T....lrsr.nVlllf 4411.
t:ainornia airccig. v "" :
.liik.warraut. that they ull ohotiUl kneel In
ailent prayer. The prepoiilwi wusK'Oooded
with one neeord ; and tliO irnt nnd con
wkmtious men knelt In prayer, aud sought the
protecting aid of Heaven, lu their Couutrys
most eventful and feoriul liour.
What a sitfUt was that, my countrymen !
Hitory is baulked for n parallel, ond words
ure inadequate to give anything of a just con
ception of the moral grandeur of that solemu
and prophetic r tne.
Tliey arose, nod the roll-call commenced j
and as their names were announced, walked
forward, nnd, with unfaltering bonds, signed
the Di'elaratiun of Independence.
It is said that an old and venerable man,
whose head had been bleached by the frosts of
many winters, was placed In the old church,
to ring tlie bell whenever it was announced
ilmt U.e Dfdaratlon had been passed. When
and to remain firm nod devoted to the Govern- i 1)lC cvctm act was done, a boy, imployed as
J, D, ARTHUR &. SON,
Ofxxa.jpc,r-ojp
Oa Donlori
Corner ol Washington nod Darts fttrcew.
SA, FRAN01SC0. -t
PACK-SADDLES constantly on hand at
Han, and ffSt
n,0,,i. tiun-Lased with the suffering, cemenlttl
with tlie blood, and formed by the wisdom of
tho revolutionary aires.
O.mv Uod I that Americans, born nmid the
sacred 'monument of tlie Revolution, oud
reared amid it benignant glories, participant
in its blessings and the object of it munifi
cent benefactions, should disregard the warn
ing ol the patriot dead nnd strike a deadly
hCw at the liberties of tlicir country I
Intimately connected with this day, and an
essential part of its historic glory, is the Declo
.ii,,n of American Indcpeodeocc-that remark
able document, o eloquently read in your hear--
,ji.. or.d which has ever been the won
der and admiration of the world. Wghly-lx God's greco earth.
moticnger on me occasion, rao iu un uiu
rlmrch ahoutliic. with all the enthusiasm of
youth, "King J ring! ring J the Declaration
is passed '." And tbc old- iKliman aia ring.
The prophetic echoc of that bell, proclaiming
liberty and independence to man, are to-day
soundiog with hope and joy, not only to tLe
loyal millions of America, but to the suffering
victims of centralized despotism wherever they
may be whether wasting away in the dismal
dungeons of the Old World, or famishing amid
arlstocratlcal pomp ond regal power. May
it echoes ound on, until the emblems of Lib
erty shall have been planted on everr hill-top.
and float In every 'valley an otit ii mv
great Washington, the history of our country
mournfully, yet cxultlngly, tell. No sacrifices
were too great, no labors loo arduous, and no
insurmountable, to tliosc energetic and consci
entious min. In the defense or tl Inalienable
rights or man, tbey boldly weot forth and
faced undaunted tlie booming cannon, or
breasted tlie bayonet reeking with the blood
or their slaughtered countrymen. Often were
tliey o destitute or tbc necessaries or life, that
they coekl Imve been tracked by the blood
that ooned from their unshod feci, as nicy, uw
and faint, bat steadfast still, tro.1 over tue
froxn ground, In retreat from a well furnished
and victorious army, or movwl to the dread
encounter under the cheering cry of Liberty
and Independence.
But why need I nttempt n aescripuon
of that long and bloody struggle. J-vcry stu
dent or American liWlory Is femlliar with Its
fearful trial mA know It glorious resnlls.
ludeiK'tiJtiikb .l.U't, A M,rt (r
aud the prayer or the devout pilgrims an
swered. Hat tl most trying nnd dangerous period
in the history ol our country was Jnt at hand.
Would the Americans I able to retain nod
perpetuate the liberties whkh they had pur
chased at so fearfol a cost. One false step
bete and all 1 lost. Tl blood of the Ilevolu
lien would have been kd in vain tl n of
Liberie, now irradiating tl world with it
.pfendor. would go doan In darkne end
glown, and tl Inst Iwjic or the oppressed mil
lion of earth, wemkl be extinguished forever.
Revolution had not bean cnfmiuent la the
annal of the world. History Is terete with
example of nations, smarting under some
lrcu and cruel stroke of arbitrary power, its-
ing in the might of their latent ewrgle. ami
liurllnir the bloody despot from tl throne he
dWcraced 2 but ere the thirsty earth had drank
up the msonguined Hood, nml ere itic sikiuuch
the giddy multitude bad dittf oway, onoiuer
Annal trampled on their dear-bought rights.
as recklessly and as heedlessly os ever. Would
such be the result in America T uouu tue
history of ancient republics become Ler his
tory !
Their prospects were, indeed, discouraging.
War had dwoloted their country and bank
ruptsd their finance iinjioverWied tlieir re
source, nnd left them with a heuvy notional
debt on thoir hands. A yet, they bad do or
ganlzed system or Government. They saw
nd Ml the necessity of one. Delegates were
chosen by the several State, nnd a system of
Government was speedily Inaugurated, ueuonii-
naled the Confederation or Colonic.
Ai there teems to be a fatal misunderstand-
tni? ninontr many as to the provisions of the
Federal Constitution, and os that grew out of
the radical defect lo the Articles of Conieu
erailon. pardon me for briefly colling your
utteotion to the leading characteristics of the
old Confederation t
1st. The Articles of Confederation were
unnnted bv Sovcreicn Statcs.actiog as distinct
and Independent Jiolitieal corporations, and
not by tl people of the Colonies, acung
the cltlrens of a notion. It was a league or
friendship a compact among sovereign pow
ers. It resembled the league now exi.tiug
among tlie little Germanic sovereignties, en
tered into by them for the double purpose ol
protection and safety. It was in no sense an
organized aud efficient Government. It bad
no common head, and lacked the pewer to en
force iU decree It had no national judiciary,
lienee do tribunal could be appealed to in the
in the settlement of the difficulties which might
arise bctaeeo the citizen of the dittvrcnt
State.
2d.Tle Congress ortbe Cooftdcratloo.stricliy
speaking, possessed no legislative power. T!y
could only act by requisition ond advisement,
ond their enactment had not the force and
dinuity of law 5 in fact, they bad no force
whatever without the sanction of the State
Legislatuies. They could pas, for Instance,
0 general appropriation bill. After It received
theireaoctioD.it went to the State Legisla-
Its Ian
of tl United
tales, in order to form n more perfect Union,
establish justice, insure domestic tranquility,
provide for the common defense, promote tue
general welfare, and secure tl blessings of
liberty to ourselves and our poWrny. do ordain
and establbh thl Constitution for ll United
States or America." It is not a compact be
tween sovereign Slates, but a Government by
the People, tl only legitimate fountain or
political power, it acts upon Individuals, and
not upon Stales, In all its legislative, executive
niHl ludiclal departments. It corrected all or
the defects In the Article1 or Confederation
made Congres 0 kfWntivc power, provided
for an independent judiciary, and wisely lim
ited the unrestrained sovereignty oftbebtates.
Its beneficial effect were tmmedictcly seen and
felt. 'II debt Incurred by the several Slate
In the prosecution' of the Revolutionary W.r
was assumed by the Gsneral Government,
fonded.nnd means provided for Its liquidation.
England proud, selfi.h, arrogant ond doral
netrlar Enrland was compelled to give up
her chain or military posts lu the west, and,
for the first time, entered Into treaty stipula
tion with the Government of the United
States.
When ewr present Constitution came from
the hands of It patriot authors, it was stamped
with tl Impress of their own Immortality, and
In despite of the mad schemes of traitors iu
arms against their Government, will descend
to future ages as a monument of their nisaora
and statesmanship, and as the wonder and
glory of the world. It Is strop In it arrange
ments, just In its precision, beolfkrent Iu all
it operations, and grand In all it retails. It
is the fouiidalloo of our Union, tl bulwark
of our liberties, ond the sheetar.ehor or all our
hop. It has worked admirably iu the past,
is fitted for the present, will survive the mad
ness of factious, uud, under God, will reuia'.n
forever.
Under the benign Influence of this Consti
tution, America has Increased from five to over
thirty millions or Inhabitants from thirteen
feeble Colonies, desolated by the war of the
Revolution, to thirty-four sovereign ond pow
erful State, ond more knocking at the door of
the Union. Her increase in wealth, power,
and national greatness, is unparalltd In the
history of the world.
Tl light of the past, as It comes stream
ing down tl pathway or history, throws out
no such miracle or national greatness nod
power In o short a time. Rome, the wonder
or the past, and once the proud and Imperial
mistress or the world, three hundred years
after It was founded, was but a feeble colony.
confined to a narrow extent ol territory.
Cut America, eighty-six yenr from it birth
day, spreads over the goodly portion or a con
tinent and U Oiled with teeming million of free
men. " Westward tlie tar of empire take
it way," ond westward the surge of Eastern
population still roll. Eighty six years ago,
tLe eastern base or tbe Allegheny mouniain
wos the western boundary or the American
settlements. Since then, emigration has rolled
over the Allegheny mountain, spread Itself
throughout tLe great Mississippi Valley, beat
for awhile against the eternal base or the
Rocky mountains, rolled over it rocky ram
parts, and i fast occupying the gold Gelds or
California and the fertile valleys and gold-pro-during
mountains or Oregon. Indeed, who
can set bounds to tLe expansive power, who
calculate the progressive energy of free
Old World. And, If we remain united, this
laflacncc will still continue to act with accum
ulative force and grandeur, until the last
bloody dospot or earth stall nhako like Ucl
shazzar on his crumbling and toppling throne.
Our sails whiten every sea, our steamers
plough every ocean and our commerce visits
every port.
Our vessels, our telegraphs, our railroad
and agricultural Improvements, all the result
or American Ingenuity, arc the envy aud ad
miration or the world.
Our Hag, that sacred personification or r
freeman' right nnd a freeman' home, has been
flaunted by American daring farther north,
nml has been fluttered in the storm breear
forther south, than the flag of any other na
tion. In cfinclusion, let me ask, shall our Union,
the palladium or our hoios, ami not of ours
only, but of the world' tho Union, tho
foundation of our prosperity at homo ond of
our consideration abroad the Union, with nil
Its expansive power nnd energy, with all Its
triumphs In the past and nil the glories that
await It in the ruturc the Union, purcnatci
by the valor, formed by the wisdom and ce
mented by the blood of tl revolutionary
sires, shall that Union, torn by tlie vlowcco
and madneu or melton, go down nmtd tho
proudest monuments or its post triumph", and
ere it has accomplished Its proud mission ?
Forbid It, lleaveu ! if It falls, constitutional
liberty fall with it. If it perishes, our na
tional prosperity ami glory Hill be unrici
nmkl its ruins, if it goes down, tho datkne
or despotism will cloe around tl world : tlie
light or hope will be cxllnguWied in 11 ur-om
or the oppressed, and Freedom will bid ti.o
world farewell.
Tbc path tlwt led to ll Union ws stained
with martyrs blood cod lined with the grave
of patriots.
It can never be destroyed without des
perate struggle. " It foil will demand a ftcM
of blood, and 0 million live to gic proper
dignity and tolemnity" to the funeral obse
quies of freedom.
The rast history of our uovcrnmrm snow
that It Is sufficiently strong lo resist foreign
Invasion, nod the present fiery ilrugglo
through which we are passing Is fust demon
strating to tho world that its Inherent encr
8;H rc fuffitieuiiy potential lor sdf-prcscr-ration.
The mad Iufatuatton or armed trait
or may disturb Its tranquility, but they can
never overturn the proud temple or constitu
tutional freedom, reared by the wisdom or tho
sages of the Revolution. 'Ilicy may drcncli
ail this fair land with fraternal blood, but
still the American Uulon will be restored In
all lis Integrity and glory.
The sacred cnIgn or the noble republic,
truck from one third of tl Union by armed
uml organised treason, Is rust being replaced
by tl rrltln valor or the loyal mse
burled by rebels In arm oyalnst lire most be-
ntScent Government on oarllr, It has uireauy
beard tl resurrection trump, and eoroe forth,
"And long may It ware o'er the land of tl
free nnd ll liotr of tl brave," a terror hi
despot ond a solemn memento of power f
traitors. Tl martyr of the Revolution,
who poured out their bleed like water to es
tablish the American Union, speak to us from
tlie grave, ond adjure os by tl icmrmbranci
cf the suffering tly endured, to maintain
and perpetuate It and to carry on the glorious
demoastrtlon of the problem of self government,
so successfully began by them.
The Union must uot, will not, bo 0 failure.
Like the roek mid the dashing billow or old
ocean, it will bid defkince to tho violence of
traitors, and live on until
Wrant In flame tl realms of ether glow,
And Heaven' last thnndw shake the world
btdow."
lures. Some or them adopted it at once ;
can
institutions and free men, united under one
general Government, liberal enough lu it pro
visions to encompass ll worm j
Wherever an American treads the soil, he
carries with him a hatred of oppression and
tyrrany, and on ardent love for tLe institutions
or bis country. Aod litre, taday, near three
thousand miles from the seat of Government
and the spots rendered Immortal by tho blood
of tho Revolution, we feel the same Jove ol
liberty ond Union as those who live near the
Capital, or dweM oir.ld the monument of the
Revolution.
The silent Influences of our Institutions,
unaided by war and conquest, hare secured the
annexation of more territory thao I contained
In the largest oad proudest mouarcby of tbe
The Wad or 1812. '11 "hole number of
American killed and wounded during the war
of 1812. extending from June 18rJ to March
1815, was 7.738 i of these 2J31C were kilW
thl Inclnde both naval nnd land force. Tl
largest number in ll naval fore was tt n
engagement between the Chesapeake uvi
Shannon, where the number of Americans
killed and wounded was 140. ard ll Hiitah
85. At tl battle of New Orlecw H- bis
32 Americans oud 2,071 Drills, killed and
wounded. The Americans appear to havo
suffered most at the Utile of IfrUlgewnler,
where they had 743 killed and wounded, ond
the Urltith Ct3. In the various skirmishers
among the Indian tl Americans hod 1,00a
killed ond woundtd. In tbe engagement be
tween the Constitution srJ Java, the Ameri
cans had 3 J ond tl British 1CI killed nml
woundid. During the whole war ll.e number
killed and wounded Is put down at 8,774, of
whieh number 2.500 were among tho killed.
How Nr.vr Yobk Stakds the Wa.-T1.
great Empire Stale has farnULed 10C.C0O
men to the Union army ; jet despite the with
drawal of so many from active iDduslrial pur
suits, the State tax for 18C2 Is less by nearly
one-fourth than It was in 18C1, and the pub
Co debt Is steadily decreasing. Tho tax for
Slate purpows I only three wills on tho do!
Jar ; added to which tl tax for national pur
posesto meet the Federal War tax-Is two
mills.
How Youn Asterisk T The " Congress
loDal Directory," at the head of It olphbetl
cal list of Senator and Representatives, say
in bracket "The oslerl.lt ') oenote mow
whoso wive accompany them." This has
given rise lo the new lng word in Washing
too society, " How' your asterisk t" bcini;
tbe commou Inquiry for Congressional wan',
busbacdi