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BY
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THE INDEPENDENT
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VOL. 3.
HILLSBORO, WASHINGTON COUNTY, OREGON, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1875.
NO. 38.
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A Mother's Prayers.
The sweetest sound heard through our earthly
home
The brightest ray that gleams from heaven's
dome
The. loveliest (lower that tVr from Earth's
breast rose
Tlie purest tlaine that, quivering, gleams and
glows
Are fouiul alone, where kneels a mother
mild.
With heart uplifted, praying for her child.
The stream of tears tun never cease to How
Long ud Life's sun shall thine on us below;
Ami many ungels have been sent by God
To count the. tear drops wept upon Life's
road.
Hut of all touts that How, the leut tie tiled
Are when a mother prays beside her ehild.
lieeiiuse it is to mortal's eyes unseen.
Ye eull it foolishness, a childish dream.
In vain; ye cannot rob me of that thought.
That legend, with such heavenly sweetness
fraught.
That Messed angels hare for ages smiled
To see a mother praying for her ehild.
Ctiiiintter' Jimrnnl.
My Convict Acquaintance.
lie was rather a slight built man, of
about five ami thirty, tolerably dressed,
ami having a foreign, tanned look about
the face that told of residence abroad,
lie was my right hand neighbor in the
tront row of thepit of the Olympic Thea
tre, during th performance of "The
1 Icket-ot-Leave Man, and ho had drawn
my attention to himself by the intense
eagerness with which he had been listen
ing to the dialogue, as his eyes seemed to
devour every situation in the clever
drama.
More than once I hail heard him utter
a faint sigh, evidently unconscious that
he was heard ; and at last, when the hero
is hemmed in by difficulties, and perse
cuted by the black shadow of his own
character w hich follows him w herever he
goes, my neighbor rested Ids hands upon
the partition which separated us from the
stalls, bowed his head, and remained un
moved for quite half an hour.
And this during one of the most interest
ing phases in the drama.
I saw at a glance that this was no or
dinary play goer, but one wlio for some
reason was evidently moved by the fic
tion enacted lefoie him; and I tried to
respect his emotion, which showed itself
every now and then by a convulsive heav
ing of the shoulders.
At last he turned a sallow, haggard
face toward m and rose from his seat.
"Will you let me go by?" he said. "I
must get out of this."
I let him p"ass, and, after a moment's
hesitation, followed him into the fresh
air; and it was well I did so, for the poor
fellow gave a lurch as soon as he was out
side, and would have fallen if I had not
caught his arm.
A few minutes afterwards, I had led
him down into the Strand, where in the
retired lx. of a well-known colTee room,
be revived under the influence ot a little
cold spirit and water, and gave me a fee
ble smile.
"I am very thankful to you," he said,
Tising. "Cod-night. I am spoiling
your evening's entertainment."
"If you will take my advice," I said,
"you will sit quite still for another hour.
You are not detaining me, for I have seen
the piece before, and only dropped in to
refresh my memory. It seemed to move
you."
He looked at me sharply.
" Yes," he said, after a pause, and speak
ing with intense bitterness "It is so
true!"
"I suppose it iV I said, vaguely. "I
have heard so."
"SupMse heard!" he said, excitedly.
"Man, it is a fact dressed up in the form
of fiction. I know it, to mv sorrow."
"Indeed!"
"Yes," he siid, in an undertone, as he
rose once more for his excited manner
hail made a" shabby looking old pressman
look up from his paper. "Yes, I know,
and I could prove it all. (Jool night, sir,
and thank you. Yours was the first act
of kindness I have encountered for many
u long day. Perhaps I should not have
received it if you. had known that I was a
ticket-of-Ieave man myself."
I must confess to giving a start; and he
saw it and smiled.
"I don't see why the fact of your hav
ing been in trouble should have precluded
my affording you help," I said.
"Hut it is the custom," he said bitterly.
"You can't touch pitch without being de
filed." "I object to being rided by your old
proverbs, on principle," I said. "Half of
tlirm are bosh, and a lot more are of the
most contemptibly selfish tendency. If
the pitch touching theory held good,
there would be no Christianity. I say
you can touch pitch without being defiled.
You may make yourself look black, but
pitch is n god, honest, wholesome vege
table gum and does not want blackguard
ing." "You are a philosopher," he said, half
sneering ly.
"Not I," said I. "We profess here in
London to be a Christian people, and I
was trying for once in a way to act like
one."
"Christians!" he exclaimed, bitterly.
"Well, yes that's what we make a
great parade of being; but I'm afraid
wo are very hard on , any one who has
climbed over the palings very hard in
deed on a man; and as to a woman, poor
wretch ! it would have leen better for her
if she had not been born."
lie stood 9taring at me, hesitated, then
was passing me to go; but I caught hii
coat in my hand. 1
"Sit down, man," I said; "you look
faint. Come join me in a chop and a glass
of stout. You see, I. want to act like a
Christian, but you won't let me."
He hesitated still; then he glanced
down in my smiling face, and once more
took his seat, to half cover his face with
Ids hand, remaining silent; while I or
dered some 9iipper, took out a cigar of
fered him one, winch was refused and
then began to smoke.
"And so you are a ticket-of-leave man,
are you I" I said, in a low tone; but he
started, and glanced around, with a half
frightened, half haunted look.
There was no one heeding us, though;
and his eyes sought mine once more.
"Yes," he said, "jWvas sentenced to ten
years' enal servitude, and I served five,
w hen they let me free, and I came back.
I had better have staved."
"I suppose it is hard to get on without
recommendations?" I said.
"Hard? Man, it's next to inijxssible.
Look here, sir, you have sought this out;
you have led me on to speak, or !od
knows I would not have said a word. You
see here a man driven to desperation
broken-hearted, despairing without a
friend to turn to; set free to get an hon
est, living, but distrusted by everybody,
and doggetl by the police. Why, sup
iosiiig I got u decent post, I am bound
to yo to the police office to have my ticket
signed at intervals, and if I did not I
should be taken before a magistrate.
"I will not ask you to believe me how
can I expect you to, when I say I was in
nocent of the crime for which I have suf
fered? It is the cry of every criminal,
fn m the murderer down to the boy who
pilfers trom a till. You will tell" me I
was tried by a jury of my own country
men, before a judge, and had impartial
treatment. Yes, I grant all that; but I
was innocent all the same. I)o you wish
to hear more? Shall I go?"
"More? Yes. o? Why?"
"You are sitting face to face with a re
turned convic.."
"I'm afraid that I've sat face to face
with a good many respectable members
of society who ought to be convicts un
returned. Go on, man. We shall have
the chops here soon."
His face worked as ho looked at me,
and hit voice had a good deal altered, as
he went on
"It was an emlezzleruentcase for which
I was tried," he said at last. I was one
of the clerks in a large Lancashire
cotton house, and there were defalcations
discovered.
"Why they pitched ujtou me, I never
knew ; but one morning I was called into
the private room of the firm, and ques
tioned respecting certain amounts, and
could give no explanation. There had
been a certain amount of cooking in the
books, and in a couple of years by the
professional accountant's showing, about
three hundred were missing.
"Fancy being suddenly called from
your desk to go smiling into a room, ex
pecting words of encouragement the an
nouncement that you are promoted, or
your salary raised and then to le sud
denly charged with einlezzlemcnt.
"I was completely stunned. I know
I felt cold and damp, and I suppose I
flushed and then looked pale signs
which those present interpreted to mean
guilt. I faltered and grew confused, too,
in answering questions in short, I was
completely overcome; and at the end of
an hour I was I)eing taken to the police
station, stunned, overpowered by this sud
den charge.
"Before we reached the police station,
though, the light had come; for on pass
ing a newspaper office, there in large let
ters upon a bill were the three successful
horses of the Doncaster St. Leger, and
they were neither of them the runners
that John had backed.
"I saw it all in a flash; he had Wen
losing again. The race was three "days
before, but I took no notice of such mat
ters, leing a lxokworm, while John was
gay, and had sporting tastes. That was
it."
"I shivered as I thought of it all, and
seemed to see my mother's agony when
she heard of it, as she must before many
hours were over. She worshipped John,
who was a fine handsome young fellow,
and idolizeJ his young wife. John was
two years older than I, but my junior in
the counting-house; and I groaned in the
bitterness of my heait as I thought of the
agony it would bring upon these two wo
men w hen they heard of his, disgrace.
"I say his disgrace, for I had not a
doubt now. I knew him to be the cul
prit, and in my misery I forgot my ow n
sorrow, longing the w hile for an oppor
tunity to warn him of his danger.
"I shall weary you with my long story.
Let it suffice there was examination after
examination, and to my horror my brother
was placed in the w itness Imix to confront
me; and he did so quietly, and without a
shade of emotion, save at the last, when
he broke dow n, and the magistrate told
him that his display of feeling w as most
creditable to him.
I was astonished to see how a net was
closing in around me innocent words
ami deeds now seem to have suddenly
taken a guilty color; and at last, to my
horror, I was committed for trial, bail be
ing refused.
"John came to see me then, and faced
mo trembling in the prison; but I turned
my back upon him, and would not speak
unless he came to me as a suppliant.
"He came again, this time begging me
to hear him.
"'Ned, Ned, old fellow,' he cried, sob
bing like a child, 'I did it I own I did
it, but I can't acknowledge it. Ned, it
will break our mother's heart, and Kllcn
will despise me. Oh, this cursed gam
bling!' "And weakness. I said, bitterly, as I
realized it all everything that he had
said, and knew it to bo true, 'bo iacK
to them, John,' I said, 4I will never betray
you. Tell Mary
"I could sav no more, but sat down on
my bench, blind, choking, and half
mad.
"Hut, there, I need not go into the story
of my love. I bore it all, and never un
closed mv lips. I took the credit to my
self, as I was accused, of being the thiet
who had robbed his employers; for I
knew that if I opened my lips I should
be in effect my mother's murderer, and
the blight upon the happiness of John's
young wite.
"'It will be a lesson to him,' I said.
'I'm of little consequence in the world;
and as to Mary she will forget me.
"My trial came on, and I was sentenced,
as I told you; the bitterest trial of all be
ing to see John stand there, calm and un
moved, one of the witnesses by whose
words I was coademned.
"I parted from my mother leaving her
undeceived. Why should I shatter the
idol she worshipped? And in bitter
mockery her words, urging repentance for
my crime leu upon my ears. -nary, tne
woman I loved, I did not see: but she
wrote and told me she did not believe me
guiltv, and would wait.
"It was her promise that enabled me to
bear up during the tune I was at one and
another of the convict prisons, till the
day I stood leaning over the bulwark of
the transport ship that was bearing me
down Channel away to Yan Pieman's
Land a convict.
"I thought my heart would break, as I
leaned there in the tight, half grotesque
convict garb, my cloo cap drawn down
to my eyes, my iace cleanly shaven, and
my hair cut short. It was so hard to le-
lieve that I was the same man, compelled
to asix iate with a set who were nine
tenths rutliaiis, with scarcely a redeeming
trait.
"And there was the soft, blue sea, and
across it the gray and ruddy cliffs of the
Cornish coast. Land s Lnd would soon
be in sight, for we were close to the Liz
ard, ami soon we should bo out upon the
open sea.
'wood-bye, I muttered, with my
hands firmly clasped 'good-bye, home
mother Mary. Brother, you have been
to me as Cain, for you have taken my
life.'
"I did not move, but stood watching
there until we were ordered below, and
the next morning home was far astern.
"At the end of five years, after the hard
IaIor of a convict in the colonies, I was
back hero in England, a broken man.
The hope seemed crushed out of me, and
I exitected nothing now. Still, my heart
leat high, as with a little money, my own
earuings, I was, after the usual prelimi
naries, set free, with plenty of advice as
to avoiding my former evil courses, all of
which I heard patiently before setting
off for the north.
"I arrived to find that my mother was
dead; my brother had sailed for America
two years before.
"I had one more hoe my greatest.
Had Mary kept her word?
"(od bless her! she had; and was toil
ing on and waiting patiently for my re
turn. Sir, can you wonder at my emo
tion as I sat and saw that realistic piece
to-night? It was as if the writer had
known my lite. I could not bear it, and,
as you know, I came awaf .'
"Wellf"
"Well! I am a ticket-of-leave man. I
cannot get employment, and if I do I can
not keep it. CtiKl help me, I have a hun
dred times been nearly driven intocrime;
and but for the thought that she who
waited five years through evil report is
waiting still, I should pish! why should
I worry you?"
"There's such a thing as patience in
the world," I said, quietly.
"Patience!"
"Yes; ah, yes chops. You are faint."
The hot plates were thrust down before
us at this moment, ami my newly acquired
friend, after a little forcing, partook of
his supper.
We parted that night an hour later, he
with a card in Ids lMH-ket, I ruminating
on the words of certain people who gave
me birth that I had a natural tendency
for getting into bail company.
I had an idea that night that my new
acquaintance would find that the title
had turned in the morning; and I lelievc
he did find that to be the case, for ho is
now in the employment of one w ho knows
his story, and is getting on.
"Hut, my dear sir," I said to his em
ployer, one day, "you surely are not such
a fiat as to believe that story of his about
his innocence?"
"Friend Gray," he said, buttonholeing
me, "I never trouble myself about it. All
I know is that I never had my lxoks kept
so well lefore; that his sweet, pale-faced
little wife i an angel; and that I kicked
a warehouseman out of my office for tel
ling me I had a ticket-of-Ieave man in my
employ. If your acquaintance robs me
after this, may God forgive him, for my
part, I will."
"You feel comfortable in your own
mind, then, about what you arc doing?"
I said.
"Perfectly, my dear boy, and so do
yu- . . . .....
And, do vou know, l think my old
commercial friend is quite right.
"Om Put." General Israel Putnam,
the hero of Hunker Hill, is described by
his grandson, Dana; "The old fightor was
of middle height, erect, thickset, muscu
lar, and firm in every part; his counte
nance was open, strong and animated;
his teeth fair and sound till death. He
heard quickly, saw to an immense dis
tance. When animated in the heat of
battle his countenance was fierce and ter
rible, and his voice like thunder. His
whole manner was admirably calculated
to inspire his soldiers with courage and
his enemy with terror. His penetration
was acute, his decision rapid, yet remark
ably correct, and the more despcrato his
situation the more collected and undaunt
ed. With the courage of a lion he had
a heart that melted at the Bight of dis
tress; he could never witness suffering in
anv human being without becoming a
sufferer himself; even the operation of
blood-letting has caused him to faint."
Onco after a battle, on examining a fatal
bullet-wound through the head of a fa
vorite officer, Capt. Whiting, "he fainted,
and was taken up for dead."
Prof. Pkoctoh rejects the cosmotronv
of Moses and accepts the cosmogony of
Tyndall. lie doesn t believe the world
was created in six days nor "nuthin' like
it, and as to Adam and Lve why the
author of the Pentateuch was mistaken.
and he was prepared to say with Topsy,
"I 'spect they growed." We are glad
now that Moses is dead. It would be
very uncomfortable for him to encounter
two such antagonists as Proctor and Tyn
dall, who have gone through the universe
with a rake in one hand and a spy glass
in the other, multiplying knowledge
enough to drive the Hebrew law-giver
crazy. Brooklyn Argua.
Not Worthless. Even dead letters
have some value, as the Government
realizes about $4,000 annually from their
sale as waste paper.
Common Sense Ventilation.
Col. G. E. Waring, Jr., writes in the
Octoler as Atlantic follows: "The best
practical statement I have met about
ventilation was contained in the remark
of a mining encrincer in Pennsvlvania
'Air is like a rope; you can pull it letter
than you can push it.' All mechanical
appliances for pushing air into a room or
House are iiisaniMMuniii;- ' ai we neeu
to do is to pull out the vitiated air already
in the room; the fresh supply will take
care of itself if means tor its admission
are provided.
"It has been usual to withdraw the
air through Openiug9 near the ceiling,
that is. to carry off the warmer and there
fore lighter portions, leavitfg the colder
. i' . i . i
strata at tne bottom 01 me room, wmi
their gradual accumulation of coled
carbonic aeid undisturbed. Much the
better plan would be to draw this lower
air out from a point near tin; Moor, allow
ing the upper and warmer portions to
descend and take its place.
"An open fire, with a large chimney
throat, is the best ventilator for any room;
the one-half or two-thirds of the heat
carried up the chimney is the price paid
for immunity from disease; and large
though this seems from its daily draft on
the wood-pile or the coal-bin, it is trifling
when compared with doctors bills and
with the loss of strength and efficiency
that invariably result from living in un
vciitilated apartments."
Cakk ro tiik KiXiTs. One o" (lie
greatest troubles of the neat housewife in
the country, results from the muddy
boots of those members of the family who
have to work in the fields, the stables.
and the barn-yard. The wet boots must
be dried, and are generally leu under the
kitchen stove, where their presence is
very disagreeable. Now, to have a neat
kitchen, there should be a boot-rack
placed behind the stove, in which the
lamp boots may ie placed to ury. such
a contrivance as the following, which has
long been in use in some families, is found
to Ik; a great convenience: It has three
shelves alxut four feet long, ten inches
wide, and placed a foot apart. At one
end a boot-jack is fixed by hinges, so that,
when not in use, it may be folded against
one end of the rack and secured by a
button. Thero is also a stand for clean
ing hoots at the front, which also folds
up when not in use, and the blacking
brushes arc placed on the shelves behind
the stand, and are out of sight. Such a
rack should le made of dressed pine
Ixiards, and stained some dark, durable
color.
Danokii from Impure Wateh. The
Journal of Chemistry warns the drink
ers of water of wells near dwelllng to
lieware of the typhoid poison, sure to be
sooner or later in those reservoirs if any
of the house drainage can percolate them.
The gelatinous matter often found upon
the stones of a well is a poison to the
human system, probably causing by its
spores a fermentation of the blood, with
abnormal lieat or fever. Wholesome, un
tainted water is always free from all'color
and odor. Tt test it thoroughly, place
half a pint in a clear Ixittlo with a few
grains of lump sugar, and expose it, stop-
iH-red. to sunlight, in a w indow. If, even
after an exjosure of eight or ten days.
the water becomes turbid, bo sure that it
has been contaminated by sewage of
some kind. If it remains perfeetly clear
it is pure and safe.
Fixoer Itoi.i-s. To three half pints
of the best white wheat Graham flour
add one-half pint cold soft water, and
when well mixed knead on a board until
juite homogeneous. If properly managed
it need not be worked more man Ironi
seven to ten minutes. Hare little or no
flour on the board at last. Make into an
roll as large as the wrist, then cut into
pieces and make rolls threo-fourths of an
inch thich and three or four inches long,
or longer, if you like. Then bake into a
oven so hot that they will scorch in
twenty minutes, lnefore which time they
should be done. They should bo light,
spongy, ami tender. Insufficient wetting
and long baking in an oven not hot enough
makes them very hard.
It is well known that nobody makes
more delicious corn bread than the negro
women down South. One of them told
an inquiring young lady how she does it,
ami for the lenefit of our housekeeping
renders we give the receipt. Says Dinah:
" hy, darlin , sometime gen ally I takes
a little meal, and sometimes gen'ally I
takes a little flour, an' I kine o' mixes 'em
up with some hot water, an' I puts in eggs
enuff an' a little salt, an' then I bakes it
jist 'bout enuff. An' you do so, jess so,
honey, an you 11 make it as good as I ito "
Soi'asii Pik. Take Hubbard squash;
treat in all respects as for pumpkin pies;
cut, stew, mash add milk, eggs, sugar
and spico to taste. Bake nicely. They
are much superior to pumpkin pies.
These pies can be made very wholesome
to dyspeptics by the crust being made or
Indian meal, thus : Uuttur tne pie disn
nicely, and sprinkle over it evenly the
meal, say one-quarter or an inch thick.
Will cut out nicely if just right.
Powdered charcoal will keep meat over
which it is sprinkled, good, and will re-
move tne taint irom nesn decayed. A
piece of charcoal boiled in the water
with meat or fowl, will render them nice
and sweet. Hams, after being smoked,
can be kept any length of time by pack
ing in powdered charcoal.
Mast housekeepers complain of soggy
pie-crust when making squash, custard,
lemon or other moist pies. To prevent
this, beat an egg well, and with a brush
or bit of cloth wet the crust with it before
putting it in the mixture. For pies with a
top crust this gives a beautiful yellow
brown.
Is packing away summer clothing, it
is advisable to lay bits of charcoal here
and there among the folds, as this will
prevent the unpleasant odor which is
often perceived in clothing from which
the air has been excluded.
Vert good apple-jelly can be made
from good, sour dried apples. Stew them
till tender, pour off the water and boil it
down; put in as much sugar as you
like.
Is the Ked-Man a Humorist?
They had a dispute in at Barbara's one
day, over the assertion that the North
American Indian has no humor. Moody
said that every human b?ing was fond of
tun, and, after a good deal of talk, Jloody
said lie d investigate the subject while on
his approaching trip to Colorado, and
would send home an account of the rc
suit, fin his way out there the party
stopped one night at a Sioux camp, and
Moody thought he would undertake his
experiment. He led one of the chiefs
aside, and said to him confidentially:
"Why u a lame dog like an inclined
plane?" The chief retained a passive
countenance, and shook hi head, and
then Moody said: "Becaut" it's a slo
pup," ami then Moody laugUed vttcifer-
ously, but the nolili savage scowled and
went back to his siipjer of baked dog.
Moody tried that conundrum on sixty-
four braves, seventy squaws and a pa
poose, without inducing a smile, and he
was about to abandon Ids theory, when
he happened to remember that the Sioux
have not yet learned the English lan
guage.
He felt then that perhaps something in
the nature of a practical joke would le
more likely to develop the a1original
sense of fun; and he got two candle-
Ixjxcs out of the wagons ami placed them
on the ground about two feet apart. Then
he spread a blanket over them and put a
bucket of water Ijetweon them. Then he
sat on one lxx ami the driver of the mule
team on the other, and he invited Kicking
Horse, the head chief, to take a seat in
the middle in the soft place. Just as the
Indian sat down Moody ami the other
man got up, am Kicking Horse went
sousing into the bucket. Moody was
surprised to observe that the chieftain did
not laugh. On the contrary, Kicking
Horse arose with great dignity, and ap
proached Mr. Moody. That gentleman
thonght maybe he was coming to ask how
the thing was done so that he could play
it upon some of his friends. But Moody
was mistaken. The chief tangled Mr.
Moody's hair among his fingers, whipped
out a knite a couple of feet long, and
snatched off Mr. Moody's scalp. Then
he Kcalied tho mule driver, and tied loth
of them on the backs of their mules and
started them across the country.
A week later Mr. Moody sat down at
the hotel at Colorado Springs to write
out his report. He had on an oiled silk
skull cap, held on by a skate strap w lucli
buckled under his chin, and he looked
gloomy. He admitted in his report that
the North American Indian, so far from
being a humorist was serious enough for
an entire funeral procession, and then he
devoted the rest of the document to an
appeal to Congress to declare a war of ex
termination hgttiiint the Sioux Indians.
The Worth of Fine Manners.
It would be vain as it would be ungra
cious to combat against the favorable in
fluence of charm of manner. Lngaging
manners and bright conversation must
and will always sway those brought under
their attraction, ami it is right that they
should do so, for they are good qualities,
though they may be only natural ones;
and the enjoyment of them in others may
c accepted as one of the amenities of
our lot, if we meet with them in tho or
der of Providence, and do not go out of
our way to put ourselves under their in
fluence. What a catalogue of social vir
tues it needs to make a man generally be
loved sweetness of tcmcr, good nature,
a yielding will, ami ready compliance, a
toleration of others' infirmities, and for
bearance under small slights ami hinder
ances; sympathy with others' mode of
feeling, and delicacy of adaptation.
Many a hero we may add, many a saint
is without tiiem, and manes m great
cause to suffer from their absence. The
reward of his labors is sought in a higher
sphere, not in the praise of men; and his
greatest admirers have often to become
his apologists in the minor details of de
portment and manner, conscious that he
who would sacrifice h;s life tor the sake
of religion, or for the 4Tkx1 of his fellow-
men, yet failed to make himself agree
able to his personal acquaintances. But
because from the infirmity of our nature
great interests and high aims often make
men regardless of lesser proprieties, let
us not esteem the want of them as ether
than a fault, nor grudge the domestic
philanthropist who cheers his neighlxirs'
resides, who raises their dulled spirits,
whose presence brings refreshments with
it, who enhances their eveiy-day jovs,
and sympathizes in the little trials that
each day also brings in its train though
it may lie only through the Impulses of
his genial nature his reward, in his in
dulgent hosts of friends, with their warm
welcomes, hearty praises, affectionate ex
tenuations, tender regrets.
Pastoral, but not Poetic. The
shepherd's pipe" is not always a musical
one now-a-days:
A story is told by Horace Smith of a
town lady who had read much of pasto
ral life, and made a visit to the country
for tho purpose of talking with a real
shepherd. She at last found one with his
crook in his hand, his dog by his side, and
the sheep disposed romantically around
him; but he was without the indispensa
ble musical accompaniment of all poetic
shepherds, the pastoral reed.
she. "tell me, where' your pipe!"
The bumnkin scratched his head and
murmured, brokenly,
"I left it at home, miss, 'cause I ham t
got no baccy." -
A cakk said to be 900 years old has
been brouzht to the office of the , Bing-
hampton Itfpubliean by Mr. Howell. It
is made ol reeu, nas an ivory ion, auu
also a brass ferule. It is claimed for this
interesting staff that it was first owned
bv Prince Howell the uoou oi waies, in
the ninth century, and Sir. Howell claims
that he Is descended from the Prince and
the legitimate Inheritor or the cane.
ThU relic of "hizti-liorn Hoel" U to be
exhibited at the Centennial Festival.
Reckless ship captains are most apt to
be wrecked.
Old maids are politely called belated
sisters.
The History of Postage-Stamps.
The introduction of tho postal system,
as it at present exists in all countries on
the globe, has been credited to England,
when, in 1830, covers and envelopes were
oeviseu to carry letters over tho kingdom
at one penny the single rate. Tbi plan
was dopted through the exvrtious of Sir
Kowland Hill, w ho has been aptly termed
the "father of itostajrc-suimiM." It now
apears. however, that thero is another
aspirant for the Introduction of the stamp
system, in itaiy, as rar back as lbl,
letter sheets were prepared, duly stanicd
in ine leu nana lower corner, while let
ters were delivered by specially aimoint
cd carriers, on the prepayment of the
money which the stamp represented. The
eariy stamp represented a courier on
horseback, and was of threo values. It
was discontinued in lSIJfJ. Whether Italy
or (treat IJntaiu first introduced postage,
stamps, other countries afterward availed
themselves of this method for the prepay
inent of letters, although they did not
move very promptly in the matter.
Great Britain enjoyed the monopoly of
stamps lor three vcars, and, though the
first stamps were issued In 1840, she had
made fewer changes in her stamps than
any other country, and has suffered bo
change at all in the main design the por-
irau oi inecii victoria, in otner coun
tries, notably in our own, the Sandwich
Islands, and the Argentine Republic, the
honor of jsirtraiture ou the stamps is usu
ally distributed among various high pub
lie officers; but in Great Britain the Queen
alone figures on her stamps, ami not even
the changes that thirty-five years have
made in her face are shown on tho national
and colonial postage-stamp.
The next country to follow the example
of England was Brazil. In 1842 a series
of three cent stamps was issued, consist
ing simply or large numerals, denoting
the value, and all printed in black. Then
caine the cantons in Switzerland, and
r inland, with envelopes which to-day are
very rare, and soon after them, Bavaria,
Belgium, France, Hanover, New South
Wales, Tuscany, Austria, British Guiana,
Prussia, Saxony, Schleswig Holstcin,
Spain, Denmark, Italy, Oldenburg. Trini
dad, Wurtcmburg and the United States.
Other countries followed in the train, un
til at the present moment thero Is scarcely
any portiou of the civilized globe inhab
ited by civilized people which has not
postage-stamps. at. Nicholas for AV
tetitber.
Largest Hotel in the World.
In the face of the Keening Mail's argu
mcnt against large hotels, which we
proved weak and incorrect a couple of
weeks since, a hotel is now to I to erected
still larger than the immense Palaco 1I--tel
of Sail Francisco. St. Iouis is the fa
vored spot this time, the following state
ment from the Jlepublican, of that city:
Some weeks ago we made mention of1 a
movement having in contemplation the
erection in this city of a hotel to be the
largest in the world, and that some Bos
ton capitalists were at the lottoin of the
enterprise. V e are now able to tate that
the negotiation has been concluded for
the grounds, the agent of the parties hav
ing placed his signature to the final pa
jkjis yesterday; Tho hotel grounds will
ie on the old homestead property belong
ing to Daniel 11. Garrison, on the south
east corner of Grand ami Page Avenues,
and will cover four and a half arpents
about four acres of ground. Tho mam
moth structure to lie erected will bo called
the "Hotel Grande." It will have a front
age on Puge Avenue of four hundred feet,
and on Grand Avenue of three hundred
feet, the space occupied covering 120,000
square feet, being of much greater extent
than the San r rancisco hotel considered
the largest one in tho world which
covers only 90,000 square feet. Tho St.
liOius structure will contain two thousand
rooms. There will Ihj elegant faeade on
each of tho four sides, but the grand en
trance will bo on Pago Avenue. I he in
terior court will have a dimension of ir0
by 2"0 feet. In the centre of the court
will bo a splendid fountain, with four
smaller fountains in the comers, and the
rest of ' the space will be occupied by a
conservatory. The plans and peclfica
tions arc in the hands of the architect. The
parties having control of tho matter pro
pose to begin the erection of this mam
moth hotel in tho spring, and to have it
opened by September 1, 1877. The cost
of the hotel, independent of the furniture,
will be nearly two million dollars. New
York Paper.
"Vot You Lives On?" So accustomed
arcour German fellow-citizens to beer and
tobacco that some of them cannot con
ceive how a man can live without using
those injurious articles. Tho Toledo
Jilade tells the following story :
A citizen of Toledo, in tho ordinary
current of business, became iiossessor of
the note or a German saloon-keeper. I lie
note becoming due, he took it to the man
and presented it for payment. Tho man
was not prepared to liquidate the obliga
tion, and asked for an extension of time.
This being granted, and tho conditions
settled properly, he was taming to leave,
when the German said, "Shoost wait vou
lecdle whiles, unt I gifts you ein glass
goot peers."
"No, I thank you, I don't drink beer,"
was the reply.
"Veil, den, I gifts you vecskecs thot is
petter as so mooch."
"No, thank you, I don't drink whisky."
'"Shoo! den I know how I fix you; I
haf goot vines," jerking down a bottle
with a flourish.
Again the quiet, "No, thank you, I don't
drink wine."
. "Votl you don't trinks nodding; veil.
I gifts you cin goot shegar."
Once more, "No, I thank you, I don't
smoke."
"How strange!" exclaimed the Dutch
man, throwing up both hands; "no peers,
no veeskies, no vines, no dobacco, no nod
dings vot you lire on, anyways pota
toes, ehf '
Men mar give their money, which
comes from the purse, and withhold their
kindness, which comes from the heart.
The School ami the Press.
Tho periodicals and newspaper printed
in the United States very nearly equal
those of all the rest of tho educated world.
In 1870 it was estimated that 7013 wn
published in Europe, Asia, and Africa,
and in our country 5S71, Since that time
our publications have increased, it is sup.
posed, nearly to nn equality with those of
all the world besides, and our forty mil
lions of jieoplc read as much as all the
rest of the hundreds of millions upon the
same globe who can read at all. To our
free institutions much of this inquisitive
spirit is due; but to the common-school
system we owe the capacity of gratifying
our curiosity and cultivating u gcnciul
kuow Udge of the)coudition of our fellow-X
men. It is estimated that tho number of
copies of uewspaMrs and jwi iodlruls
printed in Great Britain in 1870 was 330,
000,000, and an equal nuinW in Fiance.
Tho census returns show that iu the same
year 1,500,000,000 copies were printed in
the United States. Our readers consume
and pay for a periodical literature twice
as great as that of the two populous cen
tres of European civilization; and the
census reports show how closely the pro
gress of a demand for newspaper is con
nected with the advance of tho common
schools. Where thero are no public
scluols, thero aro no newspapers; whero
the teacher leads the way, tho press fol
low. In uneducated Georgia, tor exam
pie. with a population of nearly 1,200,-
000, there ar only 123 newspapers and
periodicals; iu Massachusetts, with a
(Mipulation of nearly 1,500,000, there are
280. The circulation of tho newspaper
of Georgia Is 14,447,:SS8; of Massachu
setts, 107,091,952. In educated Ohio.tho
annual circulation was, in 1870, 1). 1,000,-
000 in a population of 2,002,081. In un
educated Texas, five-fold as large a
Ohio, with a imputation of 885,000, the
circulation was 5,81.1,432. Only seven
copies of a newspaper are printed yearly
in Texas for each inhabitant; in Ulilo.iio;
in Massachusetts,?! 5 in Pennsylvania, 07;
in New York, 113. The total number of
publications in North Carolina, we are
told, would allow only one paper to each
inhabitant every three months; New
York prints 113 copies a year for each or
its people.
Caliionila stands next in lius propor
tion, and allows eighty-threo copies a
year to each Inhabitant. It people prob
ably consume at home more nowspaiier
in proportion to their numbers ' than any
part of tho world a proof that tho emf.
irrants to the Golden State have been well
educated, and their common schools ef
fective. It would, Indeed, be ungeuer
ou to pursue further this contrast be
tween the literature and inieiugciico oi
the different portions of our country.
TeniKiary obstacles have divided us iu
this particular. We may reasonably trust
that the common school will win at last
an equal victory and control in every
section of the Uuion. Euoknk Law..
kknc k, in Harper's MagatiM.
Yoursolf.
You cannot find a more companionable
person than yourself, if proper attention
be paid to the individual. Yourself will
. . sit i
;o w ith you whenever you uxe, and come
uway when you please, approve your
jokes, assent to your proportions, and, iu
short, bo in every way agrccaoie, ir you
only learn and practice the true art of
being on good terms with yourself. This,
however, is not so easy as some imagine,
who do not often try the experiment.
Yourself, when it catches you in com
pany with no other person, is apt to be a
severe critic on your faults aud foibles,
and when you are censured by yourself,
t ii generally tho severest and most intol- .
crable sccics of reproof. It i ou this
account that you are, at raid ot yourself,
and seek any, associate no matter how
inferior, whoso bold chat may keep your,
self from playing the censor. Yourself!
likewise a jealous lricnd. If neglected
ami slighted it become a bore, and to
bo left even a short time, "by yourself7'
is then regarded as a cruel peunanco, a
many find when youth, health, or wealth
have departed. How imoi taut 1 it then
to "know thyself," to cultivate thyself, to
respect thyself, to love thyself warmly
but rationally. A sensible self is the
best of guides, for few commit error but
In broad disregard of it admonition. It
tugs continually at tho skirt of men to
draw them from their cherished vices.
It hold up It shadowy finger in warn
ing when you go astray, and it sermon
izes sharply on your sin after they have
been committed. Our nature is two-fold,
and it noblest part i the self to which
we refer. It stands on the alert to check
the excess of tho animal impulses, and .
though It becomes weaker in tho fulfill,
mcnt of its task by repeated disappoint
ments, it is rarely so enfeebled a to be
unable to rise up occasionally sheeted
and pale, like Richard's victims, to over
whelm the offender with bitter reproaches.
Study, therefore, to be on good term
with yourself; it is happiness to be truly
pleased with yourself.
A Clever Fiiknch Tinier. The Pari
correspondent of tho London Daily Tele
graph writes to that journal s "There is
rejoicing in the iolico over the capture of
a bold scoundrel who ha long given
them work to do. This fellow hung
around the Lyons Railway station about
evening time. On catching sight of a
traveler who looked simple he made ac
quaintance in a lonely spot, and mysteri
ously offered to sell patent watch-chain
of amusing beauty and incredible
strength. Try it,' said he; 'you'roafiuo
man, but even you can't break my chain.'
So the chain was twisted around the fiuo
man's wrists, and snapped to. While he
struggled with It the vender would calmly
lay lum flat, take all valuables and make
off. For years this ruffian has been
playing hi ingenious game, going some
times into the country. Ono night lately,
at the Lyon Hallway, he founds victim,
chained him up, plundered him and ran
away. But the countryman chanced to
be particularly string and swift, i lls
broke the handcuff aud caught tho thief. '
New York sends out 40,000 foreign
letters a day.