tllCAOoX J:
4.OOQ.OOO
ilTH the completion or me
rent drainage canal, the tnx
MH of Chicago ran reckon
,ruiou suin of Ct.'I.OtN).M)0
. I.,n t I 1. 1., .lit.. I.
i.y have I'ufc imw -'- '"M 'iih.ii.
ft possible incioeuioi npN 01
lifteou iuiiikiu tanner aiong
ably more tbar 100.000,000.000,000 peo
ple to coiiKume It. It It were IpCMd
flat over the surface of the earth to the
depth of one Inch, It would cover 111
noli, MiuiuitoUi, Wisconsin, Iowa,
Missouri ami a good portion of Nc
bruska. Ooold It lie attenuated to a
Ucpm or three and a half feet, a row
orU 1 monument to tne en- boat could travel over It for mere than
a .1... IUI. lIlLl '.. HjW.itril t.lllS. Wj il I lull. .J I n Mb.. ......I.... I, lb. . I ,, ..
f 01 rvl" i'u.v j ' uun n, t , a uie ruiuv, tuiunoig
and yet it csiimnieu inai out l . canon or water per minute, were
' SjOOOuOli lple residing In Cbt- to ottempt to pump the channel dry.
jmjO.UW) "nve uovcr si-en the It would he oivupled over Nl days In ! (Hi the north wall Ktand- the controll-
i 0i wnom a isrgo proHirtion ; doing no. in continuous depth it is lug works. Where the river waters en-
niam chunnel ends at Lockimrt abrupt
ly lu a wait tlx feet thick, made of
stone, and backed up by thousands of
tons of stoue damped In from the "poll
banks." There the channel widen
from 100 feel the regulation width of
the cut- to a "wludage biuln" ! feet
w Ida, In which the largest ships can be
turned around. Th.s basin, of course.
Is locked on throe sides by stone walls
extending 17 feet above the surface of
the water when the channel Is tilled.
rive' is so nasty, to nllert with as vagv
poison that even I he toughest o' tl!l
w ill not approat b It.
Some. h,.weer. say also that it will
I lie possible to see the bottom of the
J Chicago Rlvar, something ttia present
generation of eitiMM has been do
I prlveil of. from the Illinois Central's
I bridge at the mouth of the river to the
i end of either branch no glimpse of the
river's bottOB Is imv; poMltlsl Within
I the coming year It I believed all of
I the seerets of the depths w 111 lie revenl-
cd. luste.nl of lining a Isittom of
mud. the river will replace that with
tell where It starts or where It the largest channel In the world con
I almost passes umlerstand'.ng structcd by man. over 40.00n,(Kjo ruble
IjlsnT" work mat lias ts.su nc- j yam or material navuig ooea taken
HKAIl TKAP DA M, LOCKPOBT.
ipllshed-nnd thw labor done ahowa
It Is lsisslhle to construct tne ,it-
igun ( anal .VI per ceut. cbosis-r than
anticipated. It was a little sotue
g for the engineers to dig a ditch
trough snud for the conatructlon of
s IN (anal. It was heroic for the
rl;er to face fever and miasma at
mama, the Krle canal was quite n
i of work, but In coat. In mngultude.
idllhVuItics to overcome, the drainage
btimel of Chicago Is not rivaled by
iee.
channel Is divided Into two great
Classes of work the earth accretions.
here nil the excavatlona have been
1 Biade In the dirt, and the rock sections.
In const met fug the watercourse It wits
found wet-saury to literally take up a
river, move It to one side, give It a new
.i-o. and run the chaiinel through
Die old course. When the flnnl route
0l the channel was determined It was
found by the engineers that It would
I be necessary to divert the DesplajfMM
I lllver from Its then course the same
channel through which It was coursing
Iwhcii La Salle. Hennepin and Jollet
Irame and thought It so great a body
Of water that they could not Indicate
their maps w here Its western banks
Eere. in summer tne stream is ni
lints a mere brook, but In the spring-
when the freshets conic, It la one
the most powerful bodies of water In
State. Taking Into account, then,
it a portion of the channel Is now
.what was once the bed of the Ilet-
IBM, ns entire ro,, Mouth of
out of It. of which over 13,000,000 cu
bic yard Is rock. More thau loti.oOO
men have been employed lu Its eon
structlon. the largest number of men
at work at one time being 8,000, The
possibility exists of developing along
the channel a water power equal to
I'l.OOO horse power. Public sentiment
ut present Is against utilization for
mechanical purposes, but the power
which can 1h developed would be sii 111
dent to Illuminate every street and al
ley lu Chicago with electric light. Less
than two score of lives have been lost
In the construction work, and no wages
have bee'i paid of less than $I.W 1st
day for labor. Between $11,000,000 and
$7,000,000 worth of land was purchased
by condemnation or otherwise for the
right of way.
The history of the construction of the
canal Is Interesting. After years of
preliminary surveys and llguring. prec
edent necessarily to such a gigantic
undertaking, earth was tlrst broken lu
the great waterway on Sept. 3. 1803,
on the Lemon t rock cut, and Hie day
has since ticca celebrated ns "school
day" on each succeeding anniversary.
Since then the contractor have cut
through twenty-eight miles of solid
earth and rock, making u canal approx
imately 100 feet wide. If the earth,
loose stoue. top soil ("glacial drlff'l ex
cavated were dumped Into Lake .Michi
gan, Into forty feet of water. It would
make an Island a mile square, rising
eight feet above the surface of the
water.
counter the stone walls, they pass
through the sluice pates and over the
dam. The small gati-s can be lowered.
cutting off the flow of the water, and I
the dam can be raised, cutting off some
more, when It Is neceasary. The gates
can be shut down altogether, present !
lug an Impenetrable front, and the rear
drop dam can be raised until It Is as
high as the level of Lake Michigan.
Then the water will stand still. It can
not Mow uphill.
Each gate weighs 20 tons, but so
ulccly ore they counterbalanced that
but few men nre required to work the
machinery to raise or lower them. They
are built In solid tnasoury. which sug
gests ih" frowulng front of a fort, but
this Is necessary, as the pressure
gainst them Is tremendous The heavy
granite and brick wall contains seven
other spaces for additional sluice gates.
which are now bricked in solidly. aw ait
ing the time wlnti Chicago's Mipulatlon
has so greatly Increased that the ca
pacity of the channel can be doubled.
Then these gate will be put In to per
mit an lin-renscd uOW Into the lies
plnllies. Hut the gates, while massive
I of engineering work, are not
enough without the bear-trap dam. It
Is called a bear trap because Its shape
Ugg its roe old deadfall bear traps
which were ouee lu use by early set-
I
raswTt-i" n
SSOTlOji or aATM oats.
sand. The coagulated masses of sew
age will disappear. Where there tins
been no current there w 111 be u rapidly
running stream, sweet and pure.
The mass of tilth which bus aeon
mulatcd at the stockyards will dlsup-
lH-iir. The foul air which hns lufected
the district about the yards will t)S n
placiMl liy pure ulr. While the sewage
will be Immediately perceptible at th
mouths of the sewers where It enters
GOING AHOl'T INCOG.
MONARCHS SOMETIMES HAVE
8TRANUE AOVEN TLMES.
Amnsing stories of Koyal I'rraon-
..f v ho lluve I'Ufiif I Tlimnelfi
nt All Hlgns of Tbrlr Hunk and
li.i, Mr i i ..in I'rniile.
COMPLETED CHANNEL IN JOLIBT,
CALL'MET TERMINAL BRIOOI OVEK CHANNEL.
Chicago lllver through lta aouui
sia nch to the town of Summit; by
irth excavation to Willow Springs;
Slough the old led of the Desplalnos
Lemoot, partly by solid rock; cui-
tag to Iorkport by the same process;
rough the controlling works, past
omen, to Joliet; to Lake Jollet; thence
the Illinois River, and through that
the mighty Mississippi. The entire
etigth of the channel, maiming uuu
wrtlon of the Chicago River used. Is
aiHtut forty mCies, formed at a coat per
Slue of aliout $.S2:,000.
If Chicago did not stand at the sum
mit of the watershed between tne
basins of the Mississippi and the St.
Il.nw rencc Rivers, the drainage channel
might not have been constructed, and
Illlteted or boiled water might have
ben good enough for the millions. Hut.
standing on the crest, an engineer eou.a
readily see that If the wuter supply of
the city lay on the St. Lawrence side of
the slope. It was absolutely necessary
that the sewage should not be deposit
ed that. This being decided, the re
maining question was bow to cross the
divide and start the sewage west and
south. Hence the drainage channel,
innd that Is nil there Is to the problem
taken up In 1880. In Its natural state
tin- water of Lake Michigan Is unpol
.IuimI and healthful. The carrying away
lof the sewage means the doing away
with costly aqueducts and great orti-
Iflelal storage basins. New lork goes
A'')' miles for Its water supply, ami
the aqueducts which convey It have
frost over $30,000,000. Hoston Journeys
twenty miles, and has paid $13,000,000
'or a brick conduit and storage basins.
Philadelphia la spending $'JO,000,000 In
an effort to find mire water. Chicago
by paying $33,000,000 for the drainage
canal has pure water at Its lake front,
frss of cost, save pumping through the
mains. The supply comes from a nat
ural basin 840 feet deep, with an area
of 20.000 square miles 320 miles long
snd 80 miles broad.
The channel of the canal Is 38 feet
deep, has s capacity for thirty-five feet
of water, and a current speed of one
mile and one-fifth per hour. Either
tiers. It consists of two hinged metal
leaves which present an Inclined face
100 feet In width to the waters. The
place of Joining, known as the crest of
the dam. can be raised by hydraulic
power, the turning of valves allowing
water from upstream to tlow Into cham
bers under the dam und easily raise lis
million pounds of weight. It has a total
OSClllUUOli ..r ... fiM funt- I
It cm be lalscd that much from Its
lowest point If neceasary. To lower it
other valves are turned and the water
from the chambers under the dam are
released to Sow out into the tall race
and the great metal barrier settles
slow ly iIoh n to the required level. Over
the top of the dam the trees, sticks,
barrels and Ice floating on the surface
will be allowed to pass which would
never get through the sluice gates for
the reason that the water will pass un
der the gates, leaving the surface al
most placid and Immovable, holding all
floating objects, nml In the course of
time the windage basin at the end of
the channel woulil be tilled with float
ing debris from the twenty-eight miles
of canal all hurried down against the
end wall. These things will easily pass
over the dam.
The greut Intercepting sewer system
which Chicago has Inaugurated is. of
course, part of the plan for keeping the
lake free from sewage and directing
the flow of the sewers toward the river
and thence to the drainage canal and
away from the lake. In'j which they
have heretofore emptied. All of the
city sower are pnrt of the system to
deposit contents In the drainage canal,
to be carried away to the Mississippi.
So thoroughly will the sewage be dl-
ln order to arrange for "river diver
sion," and control the stream at all
times, so that It could not overflow and
back up the 'Jhlcago River Into the
lake again, n channel was cut, chang
ing the course of the liosplalnes, nt
Lock port Thirteen miles of channel
200 feet wide was dug parallel to the
mtiln drainage cliiiunel, and a leVOe
nineteen miles long was constructed to
keep the Dcsplalucs from flowing Into
the main drainage channel lu "flood
tides." At the head of the diversion n
spillway was also built, which Is aptly
termed a safety valve. It consists of
a great dan) of concrete and stoue, 307
feet long, and having a crest sixteen
feet above thu surface of Lake Michi
gan. Many contractors underestimated, to
their cost, the work necessary lu exca
vation. Finally the bulked effort was
to accomplish the maximum of work
with n minimum if men, and the great
cantilever crane, steam shovels and
other devices were a result. Incline
railway carrying cars wen' used, vast
sb l pans employed. A half-ton blast
of dyunmlte on the rock sections was
but on ordinary charge, tired several
times a day. Millions of pounds of
giant powder were used. The boring
was done by pneumatic power drills.
When n signal whistle niinouneed the
tiring of the holes, the men scurried to
shelter sheds. Tremendous explosions
followed. At one time eight tons of
dynamite were used In a single day.
The controlling works at Lockport
constitute the most Important part of
the drainage system. These provide
against the water ever diverting the
current. Tbey consist of seven Im
mense sluice gates, through which wa
ters cau proceed to the "tall race," and
thence to the Iiesplalnes ami a "tall
trap dam." This dam Is in itself a
wonder, and has been studied and ad
mired by engineers from all over the
world.
v- ..,,1,- nr flio sluice rate and the
. ." a m mm. in nf AixhU In for light water craft from the lake to
lug iium t 1 1 rv --
but are necessary ai
the river or channel, no greut discolor
atloll of the wnter will take place.
The inhabitant- of the Valley of the
Illinois, those of Jollet, will not suffer
ul effect from the waters of the chan
nel. The old picture w ttlch was drawn
of Jollet overcome by fumes from the
stream of the chunnel Is u false one.
The water will be entirely pure when
I J.M lt.nMplk I .1 , 1 1 i . I . ..I..,, 11.
Illinois River. In fact, It Is believed
that It will be purer tnan the water
now In the Illinois.
An element of the construction of the
canal was the effort systematized to
control the large number of workmen
employed, and maintain peace and or
der throughout the sanitary district.
A force of sanitary police was enlist
ed, a uniformed, orgnnlr.cd body, which
did excellent work In preserving the
peace and enforcing the laws. It will
I lie rendlly understood that this great
body of workmen, not of the highest
order of Intelligence nt best ami sur
rounded at the stsrt with a hundred
nml one low dives and saloons which
sprang up In the canal towns and set
tlements, were a bit hard of manage
meut. Hut there never was any seri
ous trouble on the channel, not a strike
of any consequence or a riot. Pay days
brought the usual grist of drunkenness
ami slight affrays, bur no trouble as
serious as was anticipated by the city
police ever occurred.
The $33,000,000 expended on the
drainage channel Is a large sum; It Is
fully two-thirds of the COS) of cutting
a ship canal to connect the greet lakes
with the Mississippi, navigable to all
steamers plying between New Orleans
and St. Louis, when plans for changes
I.Oi)KIN; CP THE til M .
luted by the time It reaches the great
river It will make the Itliuols far clean
er In appearance than the Mississippi
Is now, and so far us the fear of resi
dents of St. I-ouls and towns In Cen
tral llllnota that the drainage channel
will bring disease and death to them
are concerned, eminent scientists have
declared tliat tlsh will live lu the drain
age canal throughout Its entire length.
With the lake soirlng Into the Chicago
river channel at a speed of one snd oue
fourth miles per hour fishermen msy
cast their lines from sny of the docks
along the river, which will be filled
with pure, clean lake water.
I he channel offers a pieejsnie way
the
all times, for the sanltory district must
by law control alsoluteiy ua smouni
800,000 or 000,00 cubic feet of water of water Bowing through the channel.
can he carried through It per minute.
If the water covering this forty miles
could be taken out and land-locked. It
would make a larger lake than any In
Illinois, and fully the equal of Mlnne
tonka or White Hear In Minnesota.
If an effort could be made to drink It
Hp at one guJj It srviitd take cunslder-
aud must not let It exceed 300.000 cu
bic feet a minute.
This dam and these gate can be so
manipulated that oatf a pint of water,
nr no water st all. can Is- allowed to
flow Into the It.-eplalnes. and again
they can be so arranged that the capae
. . . a i a rW
itj of the channel can Ut doubled. The . rival at present.
Lockport that can tie equaled nowlitre
so far i sarety is ronceruea. me
Jourm-v down the stream through the
beautiful alley of the liosplalnes Is
extremely picturesque. With water
practical! v odorless, none of the foul
features of the old State canal are pres
enL Lug : - - '.aim tbst for the first
time In nearly forty years fish con lire
In the Chicago lllver. Home pi-ople lo
not know that tlb csnnot live Id the
This is true, ine
In the M Isslppl are curried out. Ht HI.
the Investment will show amply for the
pains and labor Involved, for the drain
age channel will be navigable by all
vessels of draught not more than tWSB
ty-three fist, and It will enable the
next move with facility the Improve
ment ol the Deeplslnes ami the Illi
nois Hi w i s as far ss I' tics.
Fool D 2 a Ipldet In Ills Parlor.
A nc -t Housing and Interesting cv
periuieiit Is In the reach of everyone
who bus u tuning fork. Take It to a
spider's w.b, set the fork vibrating
and tom h tne edge of the weti lightly.
Mr. Spider has the honing sound eon
rend to tdnt by the thread or his
web. Be will run to the center of the
web quickly und feel oil around until
be touches the thread against which
the fork Is sounding; then, taking an
other thread along. Just as a man
would take an citra piece of rojie, he
will run out to the fork and spring
upon It. Imagining Hint a fly has l-eu
enmeshed, fur the soundlug of the fork
against the web eSMttf sliuuloUrs the
bussing of a &x.
Many amusing stories are told of l he
adventures of royal personage wh-n
they have divested themselves of what
may ! culUsI their oitbinl di-s and
assumed the guise of ordinary mortals.
And no one lows more to tell these tales
of misadventure than the revalues
themselves.
The Czar at MI recounts the story of
all ex pet W'lioe he had some years ago
lu Scotland. It was In the early duve
of his cycling cutbustnMii. and lie was
riding lu company with Princess Maud.
When the rOMj cyclists were walking
with their machines up one of the steep
hills near Ha'.moral they overtook an
o'.d Scotchman, vv ho vv Ished Hu m "goods
diiy" and Seemed disposed for gossip.
The young pair entered into the spirit
of the adventure nml chatted merrily
slwul their cycling until they rcuched
the top of the hill. Hcfore they re
mounted the garrulous old iiuiti looked
wondering!)1 at the muctuuc and said:
"Wcvl, wvcl. they're grand thing for
you toon lasses and laddies." When
they had got out of hearing the royal
pair literally laughed until they cried,
mid the Cxur even yet answers to the
name of "the toou laddie" among his
cousins.
Not many months ago the (iertnnu
BmperoC sustained a shock. Like King
Leopold of Belgium, tlie Kaiser lOfW
ucciudoiuilly to take a solitary nimble
In the country, due day last summer
wlillo at l'otsdilin he hud wandered
farther than usual, und at dusk found
himself, dusty ami vveury, still a dozen
inlles from the palace. When at tills
stage a country woman driving a cart
Overtook him he greeted her politely
ami asked her to allow hint to take a
seat lu the cart. The woman ksikisl
down critically ut the dusty and dlebot
clcd i. ..iii, and whipping up lwr horse
said: "Not me; I don't like the look of
you." Some distance uheiid a mounted
patrol stopped the woman ami asked
what the KmperoV had said to her.
The KalserV" she queried In amaze
ment. "What Kaiser'" Then, as the
truth gradually dawned on her site
turned pale, gave a frightened look at
the dusty llgure coming nearer and
drove rapidly away.
Ex (Jmvii Emma of the Netherlands
nml her daughter, the (Jueen of to
day-, had many nmtixlng experiences In
their wanderings Incognito. Last sum
mer, when they were staying ut MM of
the hotels 111 the Tyrol, the young
queen won all hearts by tier sweetness
of disposition and vivacity. There was
(uie young Englishman who was so
overcome by her charms that he fol
lowed her everywhere In spite of a
frowning uiiiminu, and. It must be wild,
with some mischievous encouragement
from the daughter. Ills attention nt
last became so marked (hut one day
the young girl and her mother disap
pears! without warning, and It was
only some days after the young Eug
llHhmnti leunssl through the nevvspn-
frtn llmt ttSSI VWISPJSJ !nltT bS lllo! WIMM-d
so iMTHlstciitly was the Ijiiccu of Hol
land. Many good stor! are told of the cu
rious adventures of lucn Margaret of
Hiiy on her niouiitnlinvrlng rieur
siotis. The story of how she entertain
isl a party of tourist climbers lu one of
the mountain huts Is well known, but
few wiio have heard Of another little
adventure which befell her last sum
mer. The Oueiii, whose energy Is al
ways the envy and diwpnlr of her suite,
had wondered away from her attend
ants, and had not only lust her way but
was Isrth hungry and fatigued, when
she saw a peasant's cottage In the ills
ta tics'.
Making her way to It, her knock was
enewered by an old is'iisant woman,
WhOCfl she asked for rest and refresh
melit. "Come In, my dear, and wej
eoine." the kindly old peasant said. The
Queen entered mid Insisted on helping
her hostess prepare the simple men! of
milk and bread. When the belated nt
tendanta reached the cottage they
found the (Jnccn and the old woman
gossiping and eating with all the free
dom of old frh-nds. and It was not
until some days later, when a hand
some present arrived at the cottage,
that the woman burned how she luid
enssTtalnad iwr Queen.
BANOOR'S DEAL TRADE.
Once Prosperous Industry In the Old
Mslne Town (lets Nw Life,
Itangor's deal trade, after many
years, bus come buck again, and to day
there are scenes uloiig Hie river that
recall the times when mUiloiis of Pen
obscot logs, sawed Into thick plunks,
were shipped nwtiy every your to the
porta of the United States and ail over
continental Europe-1 be limes when
prices of IihiiIht mid everything else
wen- high, and WBOfl the Yankee wood
en sailing ship was still a queen In the
fleet and winner lu (ho race for the
world's deep-water coiinneree. As
Annie Iixlcy used to slug with tender
regret of "the dujs of '49," so the liSli
gor suiloriiiun uud lumberman sings lu
his heart of the days Just Is'fore or
those ofliT the war. when shlm were
many hen- and business brisk.
Away bui k befOTS the war 1! ii, g.-r
did a smashing business lu luiuts-r
with many srts lu four continents,
and after tin- war the buslio s was re
fired ti some extent. Countless mill
ions of feel of ileal were scut to th
DnMed Kingdom and vast quiiutlttca
of "3 -by -U stuff" to South Africa, while
the wealth of IVuulsK-ot's clear ami
wide white pine was sent tend all over
the West Indies. Prices were for the
most irt gisid. wages high fiw stove-
don-s, freights also high, and sailors'
pockets were seldom empty. Times
were flush In the port of Hungur In
those iluys.
The vessels that used to come to
Hongor In that time for foreign loading
were among the beet specimens of
wooden construction ever turned out
anywhere, and the tbs-ts that used to
gather at High Head ibs k were a de
light to the sailor's eye and a satlsfsc
SJol to the heart of all imlrlotlc Amor I
cans. In rcistit years there luive hfMffl
some notable sea congresses at theee
oaiue docks, but there Is a vast differ
ence between the aid flattg and
new. Nowadays the foreign trad
done sline-t entlrrtl In foreign
loins, and even the foreign sailing
sc. are being er-wiled out hv lit
and Norwegian trump teumslilis
carry so much ul a loud and g qu
and cheaply.
Hut Hangor I (hipping ib-ol
with a lot of other stuff, to f
Mrta, ami I glad of It. even If the
no is doue in foreign steamed
year LV.Oisi.Oul fvt of deal wen
11. and this year the cXrtntlot
Is- as much or more. Some of
steamers take a much as
feet; others from 1,000,000 to JM
tine of last year's Heel Mntod
o feet.
The trump steamers load qu
carry a big cargo, ami onss the
lu ills-ill fourteen days. They imit
men, have no resilrs that can lx
On this side, and leave Utile nionl
the Hirt. which Is one n-avui why
are not liked. Sometimes a in:
four or live of Hie deal steamel
In Hangor ul a time, loading of wt
for cargo, and strangers are sun . . . .
inch b i shins so nt np i ning in thlS lllLG
stater river, Borne of the eteame O mm
of 8,000 tens gross, and draw tvvl SlTtA. 1 I lOtS Ol
and twentj four fis-t of
loaded, Hut the Penobscot is art GlldS VrV lCW
r ,r. ami with the expenditure '
moderate sum for dredging cou
made safe for almost any vessel
navy, at a distance of twenty live
from the bend of the bay.
arance
i
all
u
per
iiibii
Old I. sees.
It was linen, embroidered Hid cot
work, sometimes combined with what
is now known as dnwn thread work,
from which the laivs of to day SVOlvod.
The cut work was made by the nuns
when practically nil Industrie! vveie
curried on within the walls .if the con
vent. "Nuns' work" It was called, mid
an old manuscript Is extant which sets
forth that n certain great lady wns "as
well skilled Iii needlework a If she
bad been brought up lu a convent."
Prom tin- darned netting to tin- lace
with light ground, such ns are used
Slow, Is mi easy transition; then the
beautiful "stitches In the ulr," ns ills
Unci from stitches worked on g tlrm
ground, wns made, nml the evolution
of luce was complete.
It Is delightful lo think Hint the
finest stitches which wen- employed nt
Venice, Alencon ami Argon tan, when
those places were at the height of their
glory In the sixteenth and seventeenth
centurion, are not a forgotten on. Hy
melius of microscopes and patient toll
on the part of Hie workers, tin- method
of making Hie delicate effects has been
rediscovered nml Is used III the fac
tories of to day.
Should one go Into n luce shop now
und nsk for "u prelty winter luce," "n
nice length of spring lace" or a "use
ful autumn variety." the seller would
doubtless think the designing pur
chaser was a lunatic. In Hie reign of
Louis XV, however, no such Idea
would have entered Ills head, for so
INipular was lace that the fabric was
specialized In this milliner. Argeiitan
ami Mem on rather thick nml massive
laces, for those days Hie designers were
still under the Venetian Influence
were culled "winter" laces; the fabrics
of England and Mechlin, on Hie other
hand, ere re "summer1 laces.
HnMKlfKX
' m i a u ana a m
How The Ham I'ln Money.
The English society woman ds-s not
hesitate to turn an honest H-imy lu
many ways which women of equal
standing In other tuitions might con
sider lufru dig., says a writer In Har
per's Hasar. It Is n NOUfjfnJMd fact
that many a well lsrn dome ha traded
Upon that station of life In which
Providence was pleased to place her
by selling the eiitn e to Hie most select
driiw lug rooms to such of her newly
rich country women ns desired to pur
chase the privilege; also, the noble
lad Of limited purse will lend her name
to the invitations and her presence nt
the entertainments of the socially am
bitious woman who Is able to pay for
the benefit lo Is- derived therefrom.
Latterly ninny stories have lss-n afloat
of some American women who have
thus gain- -I 0 root hold iiMn the social
ladder of the English metro;s)lls. Only
this season It has ls-eti rumored that
Miss Astor was ls lug chapj-oned by
an imp, unions countess of Scotch ex
traction, who was to h- reimbursed for
tier II and trouble by the tidy sum
of glft.OOO. An easy way to pay one's
tailor's bills has hecu devised by an
other member of the Hritish nristoc-
rucy, who has allowed the aforemen
tioned tailor to print the following ml
verUeemoul in a Dumber of fashion
Journals: Linly Mury Suckvlllc writes,
saying of street Is the ouly
tailor who has ever given her u long
wulstcd effect"
I'mpss-sdns ( nttlnss In Hind.
There are ninny plants purchased
which could Is- easily produced from
cuttings, uud such work should be done
early In the ynr. The Kansas Experl
meut Minimi has given th mailer
Us attention, uud bus made the work
of propagation by cuttings much better
understood, especially on the part of
women, who have heretofore relied
mostly ou outside sources for new
plants. It Is not too soon lo begin root
ing the cuttings of plants In 1-Vbnntry
or March, ami It may be also done biter
ileninlums that are from cuttings
early In the season should be covered
with blossoms In summer. Among the
plants that may be propagated by cut
Hugs an- the coleus, Iresiue uud iilther
manlhaila They may US started lu s
box In a window, the box to be of any
size desired lllld live Inches di ep, tilled
with clean sand. Wheii the cuttings
are tlrst made they should be shaded
during Ibe heat of the day, and sprin
kled several limes a day until (he cut
tings become thoroughly established,
the ssnd to be kept always moist and
wet. Cuttings are also sometimes root
ed lu a deep plate tilled with sand that
Is kept moist. It Is not difficult to se
cure plants from cuttings with care In
the work.
Visitor to Hliaksp sre's ilous".
The a mi ii al meeting of the Lrusteo
of Shukspcam-'s MrUipluce was held
the other day ul Sirutford-ou-Avon.
i'h committee reported that during
t: . ..nr more than .'H.(i persoua hud
paid for siluilaalon to Nhakapcan-'s
bouse, n-prcaeirHiig thirty-five different
nationalities, and UMTS thsn lOO.OUl
hsd vlsltisl Anne lluiuuwuy's cottage
St bhvOUsrjr.
the state
Judge luid eel
which in- express
ami vet In- was - "
trial, lie therefore am.
plriint In this way: "Yov-
yon will give me your word ilia "
won't steal when vou get to Alhil.
I'll see what kill be done about setidii-
you there." "Judge drover," replied
th voting man, drawing himself up
with great dignity. "I go to Albany un
pledged, or 1 don't go nt nil."
Mrs Siillle Marshall Hardy, who Is
d. s, en, hint of Chief Justice Marshall,
visited the Supremo Court chamber lu
Washington ns-etitly. and was Intro
duced lo Justice Harlan by a function
al of the court. She wns thee seated
under the bust of her distinguished an
cestor, and JiiMtlce Harlan whispered
to Oh lei Justice rullari "That little
WOBMUI there under Marshall's bust Is
his great granddaughter." The Chief
Justice look.-.l toward the little woman.
nml then said: "Tell her I am afraid
the bust may fall on tier." "I'm not
afraid," returned Mrs. Hardy; "noth
ing nil earth could please tne so much
as to have my great-grandfather's head
fall on my shoulders."
An Australian, coming up on a re
cent steuiuer, fell lu with two sharper
who led him Into many wngers. They
were so Invariably successful that ho
became suspicious that tlfey were "flx
Ing" the Is'ts, but each new proposi
tion was so tempting that he could not
resist It. At Inst, ns they approached
the Qdldeg Hate, he counted up the
remnants of hN roll. "(Jentleuien," he
said to them, "I find I have Just twenty
two dollars In American money left.
Now. I will risk It nil If you will let me
MUM (his Inst ls-t." The others were
curious, and, knowing they could not
lose much, consented, and asked what
his proposition wns. "It Is this." be
said; "I'll bet you twenty-two dollars
Hint I can yell louder than the ship's
lleeiB WhlnlsH Of course, I'll lose," ho
added, "lint, by Jingo, I know the wnls-th-
can't Is- fixed."
Prank '-. Man tea InBa in the Atlanta
Constitution Of a couple who applied to
a rural Justice of the s ace for total
dlvuri-o. The Justice called the bailiff
and asked lu a whisper: "What's the
law on that pint?" "You enn't do It,"
replied Ibe bailiff; "It don't come under
yer Jurisdiction." "We're wlllln' to pay
cash fer It," replied thu husband, not
understanding the nature of the con
sultation; "I've got Hie money In this
here stockln'." The Justice looked
grave. Then, adjusting his spectacles
ami addressing the man, he said: "You
know ed 'fore you come here that
'tvvarn't fer tne ter separate husband
an' wife, an' yet, you not only take up
the lime o' this here valuable court
with yer tall, in', but nckchully perpoae
ter bribe me with money! Now, how
much has you got In that stockln' T"
"'Hunt six dollars an' a half, yer
honor." "All right, then, I fine you Ave
miliars fer lirils-ry, an' a dollar an' a
half fer tak in' up my time with a case
whn I my Jurisdiction Is out of, an' may
tin- Lord have mercy on yer soulP
Why I'urplo lleosme Imperial Color.
Purple Is-came the imperial color be
cause of Its enormous cistt and rarity.
The only purple known to the nnch-uts
WHS the Tyrlllll purple, which WUS ob
tained In minute quantities ouly from
s Mcdlterrnuellll species of shell fish
called the mures. In the time of Cic
ero, wisil, double-dyed with this color,
was so excessively dear that a slnglo
pound weight cost n thousand denarii,
of about 3.1 sterling. A single murex
only yielded u little dnp of the secre
tion, consequently vary large uumtiers
had to be taken In inter to obtain
enough to dye si in a very small
i unit of wool. Amo.ig more thou one
of Hie nations ,,r antiquity It was deaUS
for any one but Hie sovereign or so
pn no- Judges to wear garments dyed
with Tyrliui purple. I'pan the aeeeSNhm
of Julius Caesar a luw was passed fur
blildlng any private person to wear IL
New I iploalt IV
A (b-rmiiu bus produced a new explo
sive. It Is couissM-d of liquid oxygon,
sulphur ami i-arhou. It has to Is- pre-pun-d
Just before ri-qulred for use, snd
must be exploded by iiw-fuis of a deton
ator. There Is consequently no danger
in transport or from on outbreak of lire
. to tho explosive when ready fur
service.
In the Horseless I- mure.
The following Is the Chicago Trib
une's prognostication:
"What was Hie mntter with that cub
river you were culled to see last
.cek'r" asked iKx tor Squills.
"As m-srly as I cau describe bis
ease," answered Doctor Kalluuiel, "It
Is automobillouaucss."
A Flsln lr ,lt.
Jane I umb-rstoud she comes of
very old family.
Lily Yes; you ran aee the family
t rait In ber very clearlj.
June What trait?
Uijr Age.-Tit Ilk