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About The Eugene City guard. (Eugene City, Or.) 1870-1899 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 24, 1887)
WOMAOKD HOME. SUGGESTIONS AS JO OF THE KITCHEN THE CARE FLOOR. Cooktaa; nml Temperance A I'aWnl Oax muni Married WonNiii' l.lvet .Nihim filmpla ltfiinetlieaSiilC.il I'sri-nl .Nl HygieneIf ouxiliold llliii. The care of the kitchen floor la iMiinotliliitt h which nil Rood housewives are Interested, lor a kitchen never attractive where this 1 (M lxxtu neglected. No matter how iieut and orderly llio rest of tlio room may be, If the floor Is not c!t-nn the room never lool.s tidy. It it mill that a nicely polished utove and a clean kitchen fliKr ura the badges' of good bousewivei, mid, however true liila mny he, certain it ia tlmt tho care of these articjis goes good way toward giving to the room a lidy p-ienraiice. Many women, In washing a white, un- ttaiucd oft wood flW, un the hot mid from the boiler tlmt 1st J.-ft after getting through the family washing, which in a vmy poor plan, Indeed, fur thu tendency of amis la to darken the floor if the board nre not thor oughly riifoil with clear water afterward. Ai these women eldom think of rinsing the. boards, the floor of their kltehens always Lave a dark, uncarcd .for appearance. To keep a floor nice and clean Is not audi very hard work If one goes nbout it proerly. lie aura to have a clean flannel cloth to begin with, for there Is nothing like flannel for this purpose, nnd old flannel underwear i Jut the thing. Hot water has lung been the standing rule for washing floors, and with plenty uf soap and energetic- line of the scrubbing brush has often mccoedeil In whitening the flixiis; but the best authorities now say cold water is the best. Into a pail of clean, cold water put two bihlcapoorifuls of ammonia, Hiveep thor oughly Ixfuro commencing to wash the floor. If the floor la very dirry some good soap can be used, but usually the ammonia Issufllcient. No scrubbing brush Is needed, for the am monia more than lakes its place; and really, if this liiuld never did anything but banish the scrubbing brush, it has accomplished something for which all womankind should be thankful, for of all the articles hi the household for wasting strength, the scruhllug brush stands at tiio head, The nine under the store should lie thor oughly cleaned before the rest of tlio floor Is touched. Ue.;in tlio floor at one coi ner of the room, uud, If convenient, work toward the door. Use plenty of water, and only wash as small a piece of the flix r at it time as you can conveniently without doing much reaching. Have a dry, clean cloth especially for wiping, uud always wlpo down the length and with the grain of the lion ids. If wiped across the Ixmrds the floor is npt to be Streaky. In Hushing each piece wmb lie jroud the joining line, s'o'tlut when done there will not be a dark mark between them, which there surely will be If this is not done lArefully. 801110 women prefer using a mop for this Work, Hhilo others declare they cannot use fine, mid would much rather go down on lliolr knees to do It, For a woman who uses It properly a mop Is the best thing for wash lug tlio kitchen floor, or, in fact, any floor. Any woman who uses clean, soft cloths and plenty of ammoniu water, and good map il desired, in mo ping the floor, will huve just as nice, cleun floor as her next dixir neighbor, who does it. in the old way, Ixn-lde saving a great deal of strength and time, Boston Uudgct. (inod ("nnkliiir anil Temperance. The condition of the poor in so called eiv HUed countries ia for the most part wrotchel Chiefly because the masses knew nothing of the proier methods of prepuring fixsl, or of the selection of it. They, ns a rule, waste their fcsxl fund In extravagant anil injudici ous puivhnscs, nud then they spoil htilfthey imy through their culinary incapacity. Out Of thesuKKnleil meals outof ull tlilsliidige-.t-Ible, unpalatable food; out of the disgust Which Mich barbarous cooking breeds arisiw the craving for drink which urlves thousands and bins of thousands to the eaioju for com fort nud comjicusalloit. It may confidently bo asserted that not 10 percent, of the men who drink do so solely localise they relish liquor. When such a positive love of drink ex s'.s it is generally a symptom of disease. &j -u are led to drink or driven bill by external conditions most often, and nothing is mora coniUfive to this end than the miserable Uittlng which is the com mon lot of the poor. The man who knows that he litis a wholesome, tnvory meal await ing him at homo is not likely to linger at the saloon. The life which grows up about the hitter plnee is not a natural One. The customers of the bur seek tlmt place as an alternative quite as often na beenuso they like it. They are fugi tives from discomfort, from bad and repul sive foou, from dirt und evil smells; not sel dom from the foul moods bred in their womenkind by misery and rum and beer. Women a.e driven to drink by the hopeless ness of milking homes for their husbuuiU and children. Their Ignorance of cooking ami housekeeping thwarts all their efforts, and they attribute tlio squalor in which they veg late to their poverty, and fall back on the saloon aa a source of forgetfulnesi. Teach them or their daughters to cook, and at once light is let in 011 their daikftied lives. They then hold a talisman which will bring their hnsl winds from the rum simp, and keep them at home, which is more. They ran then establish something like a family circle, and Hie nucleus fixed, new means of extending the Wholesome Influence will develop of them selves, Thu whole chnracbir of the average worlingiuim can he improved, elevated, sweetened, by Hi is one instrumentality. Teach the girls to cook, and au immense deal of fric tion will I eliminated from modern life. Tenqieranooand wholesome food are natural allies and pnrtncin, and bad food Is the great est incentive to drink that can be named, lly all means, therefore, let the cooking schools Im heartily approved and supported. Sew York Tribune. A I'sefut Garment. A pretty spreu ia one of usual ibape, pleated Into n alstland, w ith a full bib or plastron front, gathered at the top or bottom. The apron Is left the whole width of the goods at the lower part, and a small sloie cut off gradually a few Inch.- from the lower edge, until at the wait the gore rutting Is alwut three inches wide. A few pleats are fixed 111 the waist of the apron at each tide, making a flight hollowing hi tlio center. Blitehona two and one half inch band for the waist; mw 11 -.,. on 0110 ldd and then on th other, so that no rough ixl-es are left. Cut a piece for the bib; turn up the lower edge 011 the right side and run in two gather ing thread. lraw up to about six inches ill length, und the lower edg., Ui the lower ed e of the apron band ol tlio back, stitching tho P1T edge of the baud to the bib, so as to hide the upp-r row of gathering thread Turn down the upper ed,; of the bib two Inches 011 the wrong si l and make two row of gathering about one-half inch Mow the top edtf', so aa to leave a Uulo frill atwve. Fold u little Und of stuff, six inches long and on Inch deep; fix a t the hack, and neatly Hirange tlie gatherings on this, draw ing tltui up to Ot the Uu4 lu length, tw by hand and arrange to set well. The horns on the apron and the tipjier edge and sides of tho bib can l trimmed with work or luce, or tucks, Insertions, feather stiU'b, etc., can at employed to decorab). A neat way to fasten the bibs Is to slib'h two uirrow bands about an Inch wide, and fasten them at the back o' th two upissr corner.1 of die bib. puss theni t'Vsr the slioulder, aiid f-iteu toil button ot taw dress alxiut hull wa-f down tho bock. U Leu the dress Is not loUj ed behind, cut tb bands longer, cross like braces, and fasten on two buttons, placed one each side of the button that fastens thealstof the apron, This apron looks very pretty when made in ecru sprigged muslin, trimmed with lace; tho bib edged with lace and the lower edge gath ered and sewed outside tho band, mo that a frill of lace falls below the waist. Bows of ribbon or ribbon wuMi.andsnre added. With an apron to match a morning gown, the hit ler will Inst clean half as long again. rhila ilelphia Times. Lives, of . Married Women. American women many too early and live too secluded. Many are scarcely out of school before they have settled down as wives and housekeeper. The cures of a family are devolving 011 them before they huve the strength und nervo to m-i f 01 111 them. One reason that our female ancestom lasted longer and had better health was that their minds were not so much taxed nor the nerves so highly strung. Th"y had the full use of their ponem. Their physic.il health was better; their constitution stronger. Those that had much mental activity generally had sufficient physical exertion to counterbalance it. Mit women know not enough of the laws that govern health and of 'he disease inci dent to their sex and children. How often do we see peevishness manifested by a sickly wife and mother that, by a knowledge of the laws of health and strict observance of them, iplght lo strong and healthy, nud lilted for her responsible and arduous duties; 1 lie majority of married women, with families of small chil ren, need mora relaxation and a greater variety of Innocent rtcrcution. Many of them become so chained down in Ixxlv anil mind by the mention of household cares and hilmr that their health and spirits sink beneath tho load, and in -pt uraiii e, strength and spirits they prow pre maturely old. Some housewives sutfer much iiiiiioynco from hi ( servant, and some per form drudgery for which they are unfitted. The indoor labor ierformed by many Amer ican women is astonishing. What affects the body influences the mlii'L When one is worn and irritated it acts on the other. English women usually huve better servants and more of them. Tbcy are trained thoroughly for the special departments of house and kitchen work. English women walk uud ride- more, marry later, and have by nature better con stitutions. Virginia Fenny in Courier-Jour-Dai. Young; Housekeepers Should Know N Thulbuttormilk will take out mildew stains. That bottle are easily cleaned with hot water und flue coals. That old napkins and old tablecloths n.uke the very best of glass cloths. That it Is well to keep lurgo pieces of chnr coal in damp corners and in dark places. That three tenspoonru s of kerosene put in the wush boiler w ill greatly assist in the IokI rubbing. That if the hands are rublxxi on a stick of celery after jx-eling onions, the smell will be entirely removed. That tula will not warp ortcrack open if tin precaution is taken to put a pail of water into each, directly ufter use. That chloride of lime should be scattered, at least onco a week, under sinks and in all places where sewer gas is liable to lurk. Th I it is an excellent plan to have a penny haul;, to be ox-ued onco u year, when a book may Isj purchased or the contents tnuy be Used in liny way desired. That 0110 pound of fine tobacco put into a pud of boiling w ater and ullowed to partially o, when put upou a carpet with a soft brush, will brighten the colon and remove ut 'fare iUi'U That turentinA and black varnish put into any good stove polish, is tho blacking used by hardware dealer for polishing heating sbives. If properly put on it will last throughout a season. Tlmt tablo linens should always be hemmed by hand. Not only do they look moredniuty, but there is never a streak uf dirt under the edge after being laun.irivd a with machine lew lug. Ill's. V. II. Maher ill Good House keeping. Soma Simple Iteiuedles. For a soro throat, cut sllcta of fat, boneless bacon, pepper thickly nud tie around tut throat with a flannel cloth. When stung by a bee or a wasp, make 1 paste of common earth and water, put on the place at once and cover with a cloth. For a cold on tho Chest, a flannel rag rung out in boiling water and sprinkled with tur pentine, laid ou the chest, give the greatest relief, S hen a felon first begins to make jts ap pearance, take a lemon, cut oil one end, put the (lager ia, and tho longer it is kept there the better. For a cough, boll one ounce of flaxseed In a pint ot water, strain and add a little honey, one ounce ot rock candy, and the juice ot three lemons; mix and boil well. Drink as hot as possible. O.'bm after cooking a meal a person will feel tired and have 110 appetite; for this beat a raw egg until light, stir in a little miik and sunr, and season with nutmeg. Drink half an hour before eating. For a burn or scald, make a paste ot com mon bakingtodu and water, apply at once ud cover with a linen cloth. When the skin is broken, apply tiie white of an egg with a feather; this gives instant relief, as it keeps the air from tho flesh. At the Hist signs of a ring round, take a cupful of wood ashen, put in a an w ith a quart of cold water, put the pan on tho stove, put your linger in the pan, keep it there un til the water begins to boil, or as long as it can lie borne, lb-pent once or twice ii uecce ary. "K L" iu Good Housekeeping. Selfish Parents to Maine. A generation or two ago plain American father and motliei jlid not entertain th fanciful idea that the state should take chsre of everybody education, moral and habits. They lielicvcd that it wo their duty to keep an eyo on their boys, nud in cases of uilsliehavior they resorted without compunc tion to a tough hickory or a barrel stave. Thirty cr forty yea ago, if a Georgia father hud been told that his sixteen yir-ol,l boy was in danger of having a congested bruin from tho smoking of cigarettes, bo would have rushed the youngster out into tho back yard and sailed into him with a stick. In thin days people didu't appeal to societies or a Vomn's Christian Teuiiwrnn:- Union or the legislature when their boy went wrong. They simply inude a family affair of it uud sti ai-lit. 11, U it out satisfactorily. The other day we said that there conlj l no givnt improvement in liWals until we re stored tho thorough aud cl'.U iciit system of family education and government which formerly prevailed. What we said applies directly to this cigarette evil If boy nre to lie ullowed to be their own mastei i, cboot tlieir coiiianions and dispose of their time. J1. J1 uril that th maj'Vity sU 1 ck np ninny rice that will Injure them lii ho future. Do you want your boy to grow up pure, honest, sober and industrious Degi your work on him at home, aud keep at iu Good luws and good Schools can never tako the place ot the Old-fashioned family train l"R. We cannot afford to hare a lot of tobacco hearts and congested brains pushed into so ciety and business circles. The great prob lems and gignntio concern of this age de mand men who enjoy the lnrgest mrauro of physical and mental health. We must havo them at any cost. If they cannot be pro duced under our present system, let u go back in some degree to tho common sense simplicity of our father. It will not hurt the Youngsters; It will tie their salvation in more ways than one. Atlanta Constitution. The Knowledge of Sewing. A generation ago it was thought shocking if a girl married having no knowledge of tewing. Instruction in how to cut and make her own underclothing, and to do plain aud flue mending of nil kinds, was esteemed ai. important part of a young woman's educa tion. Although sewing machine were prac tically unknown, mont mothers made nil their own and their children's and husbands' under wear. Now that shopwork has to a great ex tent superseded homo sewing, it is probably cheaper for a wonmn to buy garments ready made than to spend her time in fashioning them herself, K: ill, she ought to possess the ability to do the work should an emergency arise that would compel her to attempt it. Many a girl has married in utter ignorance of any sort of sewing Ixvyond the merest rudi ments, and has been forced to teach herself with infinite pain to fahiou tho tiny gar ments she could not afford to buy. Even if one has no skill iu rutting and fit ting, the should at least perfect herself in nil branches of mending, from laying n patch by tho thread to darning stockings well. Tho last is an uceompli-hinent owned by few. Nearly any nursery maid will profess herself fully competent to mend stocking!", whoso Inborn in tho slinpo of cobbled holes, knotted thread, and pulled fab.! would disgrace the niere.tt tyro in tlio art. Christine Terhuno Horrick in Harper's Bazar. During to Good Advantage. "Never buy anything lx?cause it is cheap," was one of Poor Richard's maxims, and a good one, too. This does not forbid that fore thought that looks forward into the future, and selects n hat one knows can soon be used to good advantage. At the end of a season there are always times when remnants and broken lots ot staudnrd goods may be ob tained for a very low price, becauae the mer chants would rather sell them thus than to "carry them over". to tho next season, involv ing the trouble of packing and unpacking, and ot keeping cajitul locked up which might be at work and earning something. Thus whit summer goods, ginghams, chambrays and various things of that sort may be gotten In tho fall at a very low flgui-e often, and if one hns children or can forecast her own needs for the) materials she may often buy to great advantage. Care should always be taken, however, to purchase standard goods. and not those passing fancies of one season. which will be suro to look very much out of place the next Boston Globe. Need of Hygiene. Beside being well ventilated, our house should bo full of light and sunshine. Floors should be kept clean, and walls and ceilings fre quently freshened. Sleeping rooms should be furnished w-itU rugs instead of carpets, that tney may Do thoroughly cleaned each week. Chamber utensils aud crockery should be kept scrupulously clean, and when possible the windows of sleeping rooms should be left open during the day and nearly or quite closed nt night In cold weather an opening of an Inch at the top ami bottom of a window is sufficient. Persons should hover sit or sleep in a draught of air. Kvery sleeping room shonld hnve outside windows, ojieuing nt top and bottom, and sunshine at ome part of the day; also means of ventilation. It would be better for peopieto live In tents tho whole year round than in some of the damp, dark pluces In which they are huddled in our cities, where are 110 possibili tie of cleanliness or pure air. Mrs. E. G. Cook, II. D., in Deuioresl'a, Gardening For Women. That unhappy divorco between Eve and Eden has surely not been handed down to her daughters, for they are today the most en thusiasts gardeners in the worhL It is de lightfully frequent hereabouts to see city women in wide sunshades and gauntlet gloves bending over their garden plots, digging, pruning nnd clipping away energetically at outdoor plants. "It is a joy without canker or cark, a pleasure elernnlly new." Day by day the lovely living things grow gladly under enre and attention, f one bo puzzled, fretted, cross or sorrowful, there is no panacea like a bit of homely gardening. Just try picking off the dry leaves, loosening the packed earth, hunting for blighting insects and generally doctoring the ailing shrub, a well as feeding and pelting the healthy plants; it is like being gcod to children, they are so grateful too in their perfumed gratitude. New Orleaus Times-Democrat. Girl on Horseback.' The wisdom of making young girl ride on the right as well as the left side is very ob vious. The crookedness which accompanies nil one sidod exercise is avoided, and they be come better horsewomen. Of course, diHei ent saddle are provided, and the old fash ioned saddle with its two upright pommels is quite discarded. The Princess of Wales In variably ride on tho right side, owing to the stiffness in her right knee, which prevent her from bending it all. She no longer rides in the Kow, however, nor dare the young prin cesses rido there. Home Journal. To Have Tretty Teeth. The Taris Figaro soys that if you want your children to have pretty teeth you must begin with the second dentition to press back with the finger every morning th teeth which have a tendency to project forward and to pull forward thosa which tend back ward. As a wash, boil m a tumblerful rf water a pinch of quassia wool w ith a pinch of pulverired cacoa. It strengthens hegum Mid whitens th teeth without injuring the cuamel which covers the boue. Wush th mouth after each meal with lukewarm boiled water. New York Run. The I prlgtit Piano. Don't place an upright piano with its back to the walk Set it across a coi ner, the back to th room. Place a mirror in tho b.u-k draped on either side with embroidered Oriental muslin. Groupa collection ot hand comely po ted Oriental plants in front of this, aud you will have converted an essentiallv u.-ly piece of furniture mtoa "thingof beaut an I a Joy forever' to rybody but vom parlor uiufd.-New Y- k CsHimieroiiU Adver tiser. Napoleon's Trlf u. Perfect love is ideal banni.ess: both am equally visionary, fugitive, mysterious, Inez pbeatik Lor should be th oecuDatiou of i the idle man, th distraction of the warrior , uv k iu ura sovereign. iapoioon. "AGAINST 'SEWER GA"S.."' WARNING WORDS CONCERNING OR DINARY DRAIN OR CESSPOOL AIR. Evil KffeeU Which Are Cumulative In the Human System The Worst Gases Often OdirlesaKarth Closets Two Sanitary Injunction. Sewer gas is not a simple substance of uni form composition, but it varies in its consti tuent at different place and at different times, while its effects are not always the same upon different individuals or under changing circumstances. Ordinary drain or cesspool air, in it usual state of dilution, is not deadly, otherwise most American house holders would always be ill. The fart that thousands of persons are living amid leaky drum pities, without serious annoyance, proves that some forms of sewer gas nro less hurtful than others. An ordinary privy is harmless, but a tight cesspool, even if it contains only, kitchen grouse, may crente sufficient poison to des troy a whole family. Not long since three men were overcome on entering a cesspool at Newark, N. J., and two of them died from suffocation. At Clevelund, 0., a similar catastrophe occurred. The bad odor of sewer gas is due mainly to sulphui'etfeil hydrogen, which causes debility, boils and similar skin discuses, but one may breathe this compound iu the chemist's laboratory with impunity. If a 1 erson, how ever, Is exposed for a long time to such influ ences the effect is cumulative and may ren der him lens liable to resist infection. . 1 On the other hand, btibit may exert some Influent In tho mutter. Any one 011 entering a crowded theatre or school, or a room filled with tobacco smoke, will feel discomfort and hardly be able to breathe, yet in a few min utes the sense of annoyance will disappear unless the xrson has very delicate lungs. Men working in sewers feel no bad effects from their surroundings, and persons actively occupied aru less liable than other to suffer from breathing sewer gns, Plumlier com plain mostly of rheumatism caused by dump, but they aro often sickened by inhaling foul air when working over open drains. Women mi children nml others who lead a sedentary life are most subject to this poison. bewer ga limy bo created where there is neither a sewer nor a cesspool. Every inch of wu.sto pipe that has lieen long coaled with freu.se, soap or slime will evolve offensive odors unless it is well flushed or ventilated. Lertaln forms of bottle or resorvoir traps are tnly miniature cessixxils. So long as there i chance for filth to putrefy foul air will 1x3 irown off. All the elements for fermenta oii ar present in waste pities heut, moisture nd animal matter. In an ordinary basin waste the hot wuter, soap and scurf from the ikiti are sufilcient material to start Uecompo- lition. Much also depends upon the condition of the individual. If in robust health ho niav vo unharmed for years amid unwhnle ome conditions, hut if prostrated by a slight ill ness, or depressed by worry or fatigue, a iinglo whiff of sewer gns may bring 011 seri Dus results. A slight cold, in that case, mny Jevelop into diphtheria, or an ordinary fever ' assume a typhoid form. 1 ho risk of brenthing sewer gas is not from tho amount of bad odor perceptible. The worst gases are often odorless. To quote a b authority, "there is always danger in irenthing sewer nir, and this danger is not in proportion to the amount of bud odors resent, nor can it always be overcome bv being much in the oiwn uir. The danger is not so much a great probability of evil as a unull probability of great evil." Many persons are not susceptible to bad Ddors; others think such odors aro not harm ful unl they are very strong. Still others become habituated to smells which, to a vis itor, seem very offensive. A faint, fetid, nuudcaling odor, which comes in slight puffs from a wash basin or bath overflow, is al ways ti be feared. A stench, as from a barnyard or sw ill tub, is merely annoying. It is not asserted that filth alone can create disease. Foul pig stys do not generate ty phoid fver, nor is a simple stench unwhole some. It is fermenting or putrescent filth which Is dangerous to heiilth, nnd the infec tion is twlievcd to Ixj duo to sjieciflc germs of disease, which have been transmitted from tome iutieiit through the agency of air, water, mi k or other food. Where dependence is placed upon cesspools these mtbt lie made tight to guard against the change of soil and well pollution, and abundant ventilation must be provided. All rossiKxiU are abomination and makeshifts at best, and the sooner they are abolished the better. Almost' any other method of sewer age is preferable. Earth closets are practica ble lu small communities or single dwellings, whilo what is known as the sub-irrigation lystem may be upplied in home which now depend upon cesspools. "Ventilate!" "Ventilate!" "Ventilate1" ibould be rung into tho ears of every house holder. One cannot have too much ku' within hi drainage Bybtem. Air is nature' disin fectant and surpasses all others. It is a safe guard against leaks, rat boles, cracks, evap oration and the ordinary wear and tear to which all mundane thingi nro subject. Let the interior of drain be constantly purified by a steady current of atmospheric air pass ing through them, and diluting their con tents, and there need be no anxiety about lewer gns. Col. Waring' "Perfect Sanitary Formula" embraces two injunctions: First, to allow no organic decomposition within the dwelling or within drains uudcr unhealthful conditions; tccond, to allow no drain air to enter the house under any circumstances. I would add to theso tho following: Drain, purify and ventilate; eradicate every hint of dampness from the sito and foundations; do not store up anything capublo of decomposi tion, within or about your dwelling; let' the hidden things be revealed; use plenty of hot water, soap-uud elbow grease; let the broom nd scrubbing brush be the scepters of domes tic supremacy ; biko nothing for granted, and remember that eternal vigilance is the price of health, as of liberty ; distrust amateur ad vice on matters ot health; test all things, but hold fast to that which is good and iu occord with common sense. Charles F. Wingute in Youth's Companion. Ktalilcrit Foreigner In Teklng. All foreigners reside iu the Tartar city, but the glimpso wo got of it was not more en couraging than what we hud seen beyond it pates; lu fact, it all looks like a vast suburb. The street', ungraded and unpaved, are dust swept iu winter, and quagmires in summer, with green sufTocating pools iu the hollows, that would create a pestilence in any other climate The heavy cart wheels sink into bottomless pits during the wet season, and people havo Mutually been drowned in the streets, Tho odors then beggar description, nor aro they improved in tl-e dry season, when, to lay the blinding dust, the sewers are opened, ami every afternoon the liquid from them is dashed recklessly about by moans of long pole w ith a bucket at the end! Gar bage and clo are thrown in trout of the house, and the city scavengers, dogs, ran Pl,r al magpie fet at their leisure, C aiMm m Aiuericaa jujuuia A LOT OF FAM0U3 CRIMINALS. The Colony of New Caledonia Hotter than the Slum of Pari. An interesting account of tho present stntu of the notorious French criminal in Now Caledonia has been furnished by au olll ciul who ha Just returned from that penul colony. The most rcsectnble, as well as the senior, of all tho convhjts is Derezovski, the Pole who fired at the Emperor Alexander II during the Paris exhibition of I807. Frequent application have been made for the libera tion of Borexovski, but they havo all lieen refused. He is now in the Mum I of Noti, where be occupies a litlle room apart from all the bad characters, unit uu even a small . . . nL,i rue. hini.ir Ho roams about the ISiailll, WHICH IS UHO-IUUI IU Jk llio pirn "i Paris, at his own sweet will, nud bis conduct has always been irreproachable. Ho receives a large quantity of newspaxrs, books and pamphlets from different countries by every mail, lierezovski is now old and feeble to an extreme degree. Of a different clnss are Gillies and Abndie, the murderer of tho Paris grocer Lecercie. These worthies aro employed as street scav engers ut Noumea, und their occupation is lixiked upon by their companions In penul servitude us a good one, for it is cosy, and ul.-o enables them to pick up bits of tobacco uud various odds nud ends, including occasional alius. Guichard, who mur dered a bank messenger at Marseilles, is iloiug well as n store clerk, and hopes one day, if not to get to Australia, nt least to settle down in New Caledonia as a colonixt. One of tho most comfortable and thriving of tho convicts is Feimyrou, tho chemist of the rtoulevjrd Mnlesherlx'S, who led the lover of ..is wifo into an umbush at Cbu ou, and then murdeied him in a most atrocious manner. This criminal has passed through tho various categories until he arrived among the first class convicts, lie has 11 chare in a farm, which he npd his wifo superintend, nnd he has under his orders some of the lower class of criminals. His lifo suutenco bos been commuted to one of twenty years. Tlw doc tor who was condemned last year for having sent poisoned game to n colleuguo is giving sati-fuctiou, and li -pes to be ublu toutiaiu the privileges accorded to Fenny roil. On the whole, I ho educated criminals, even those who aro undergoing sentences for seri ous crimes, nro highly spoken of by tho gov ernor of Noumea, and the most unmitigated rascals are the Paris gamin and th.) brutish peasants or laborers, moot of whom nre mur- lerers. Every year a certain number of these has to be shot down. The official who uses his revolver against tlio convicts is tried ns a formality by 11 court nmrtial and acquitted. The number of convicts is 10,000 or more, uud there ure in addition 240 female convicts, who, however, were sent out to Nc-uniea of their own accord Ironi the Muisoii Central f Paris for the purpose ot marrying first ,-luss misdemeanants. These women atij su liervLscd by nuns. There are on tlie h-land KX) warders. The number of first class con vict amounts to 1,000, and some of Chem, dke Feuuyrou, have been allowed to-ssrid for iheir . The state furnishes them with igncuif.-al Implements, food, and even a i'ew hen.i jf cattle, when they are permitted to begin funning, and they geneiully con trive to do well. Another class, npurc from all the othei-s, is composed of skilled trades men and mocbnnics, miiMciniis, and even ac-toi-s. Theso have a savings bank of their iwn, a kind of club, and are almost too pros perous for convicts. The bandsmen are said to be as good as many regimental performers, ind they play programmes of soleot music lief ore the governor's iiiiuision twins a ".reek, Inside giving occasional concerto. From this it will be seen that the life of many con victs is far better than that which is led by thousands in the slums of Paris, and is no wonder that, i-uclj lx?ing the enso, numerous transgressors against the law of the Jahd, in .ludiiig those who commit tho uiost terrible L-rhnes. should view with longing and delight their disputed to New Caledonia by tho cloin 'iit. mandate of tho president of tho republic. London Telegraph. A Modest Millionaire. In his former days of prosperity the pcr sonul hab:ts of Mr. Henry Viilard and his family were ot the most modest character. A friend who saw tho family at the opera 'escribes tho scone as follows: "In looking about me nt the new opera house the other "veiling it is the thing to look nbout you up there; the boxes would bo awfully cut up if you did not rake them nil over I noticed across the aisle from where I snt (mine was nly a xor $0 orchestra chair) a family of three father, mother and daughter. I was particularly struck by the plainness of their appearance, contrasted with the glint and fitter of the rest of -the house. They were well enough dressed, the father in evening saiff, tho mother in a white rrepo shawl and Ixiunet; the dau-hter, a f resh looking girl in her teens, wore a brown silk dress aud a black felt hat, trimmed with feathers, set square upon her head. She evidently felt the cold winds that rushed Un-ough the lower part of tho house, and had pulled across hershoul dcrj a white woi-sted breakfast shawl. I don't think that there is unything in the way of a wrap much uglier than one of these crocheted breakfast shawls; but I liked the ;iiT independence iu wearing it. I will wager u $10 biil that there was not another iu tho house, and, what is more, not another young lady in the house who would have i-sl to wear one. In chatting with a friend between the acta I suid, for want of something better to say I wonder if that girl wears a breakfast shawl to the ojx'i a becauso sho likes it, or because she can't nfford a cloak. He looked and laughed. 'Thut girl could afford to wear twenty opera cloaks if she wanted to. Don't you know who she isT 'No,' sai l I. 'Is she anybody!1 'Well, her father is; that big, Oriuan looking man sitting by her side is her father, and bis iiamo is Henry Viilard, aud his business the Northern Pacitlo rail road, ns you ore probably aware.1 For once I saw a millionaire who did not flaunt bis millions, w ho sat in an orchestra se t rather than in a box, whoe wife was not sown with diamonds, uud w hoso daughter could wear a worsted breakfast shawl to the opera." A millionaire who, together with his family, could bo us mod.-st as this in the davs of bii prosperity will find few who w ill not wish him the very best success in these davs of his returning good fortune. New York Graphic. A Hill for 013,000. The fees demanded bv eminent Vew Vn.-ir lawyers nre i-cldom small. A prominent lawyer relates that in a matter of litigation ho recently called iu tho rviees of a dis tinguished Wull street nttorney, w hose career ia public life has given him great proinin once. Tho affair terminated in 11 settlement outside of tho court, priding which s me dinners were given, ot which tho prim-ma's and their attorneys enmo toother. When thebaiker asked lor bis bill from tho attor ney tho fi-un-s were t-15,000. It struck the mail of money that this was a trifl.j hi h, and ho akcd for an itemized account. The itom-ii-'d bill read as follows: To Man. ,Jm To attendance on five dinnerc at ixb luuim-ua, jiao eaca lo.oro Total.. . .. T no mreiy to invite lawyer to dtiicer berettfter.-f York Tribune, :.5nin WHO MARRY A Pen.. SECOND.. A Memorable Serlea of s. .r fi.....i t rn"'w . uiillll la.tn .i KUc, Attire of the lr,e. Weddings. itli ll,r . I . French niurringe custom. known, so far as n, . .. i I linges, W but as regards second .. .... . ""mi mn-..;. 1 nine lias yet Ix-eu wrnt r,"' ,, 'Ti 1 maiTtn'j-ci l.-ieb n,.. .. I!S tiJ III a 1111 ...... j .. "t oiiiuisis the sauce 11 ..... 'l Jills luaVeT.I little notice is taken of them. 1 emeu uisposiiion In France to 'i I . , 1 . . . I IU.M. i who marry en second, stlllini'a it ou tail.....:!.. . 1-atujf. 1 Ue (lopmur sentiui,.nt , 1 Y ww-t that a person fc " right to be bom once, to imri, (lie once. 1 hose who li . , nnv of IliPMi mi..i.(.fi,... ' ' a n iiin . ... ..j,. ,,.,,,, iwipgg,. Hill. . ' goiirmuiKiize. it must Isj . admit.ta.1 i. iimv pnoiiu opinion re K!ctinir rinees is much m,.i wuiiil: - b'M.eious with urn man man With ri'L'nrd .1 "n "an, There is n social ami r..lkon. . H o6..,ii tnu Kvuiiu muri-iie-u tho second muni,,,.. w, eseciully when these havo reached .....I l. I.:l 1.. .. "iicil niJ.Y ngeaiiu nave cliililren The religious prejudice wn. illustrated a fow years ago hv ,n ",7V who, in the course of the menio'rtib J K sermons tlmt ho nreuched in P..-!- . . " obluined for him thn u.i.n. .. V for him mo severe m..,. .. ? geuerui 01 me liomiu 1 - . . , .ui,U( nd hi t he m.ii ." relegation to n little island hi tlle j an as his ix.'imiioo, attacked tho the second mnri-incn nt J,., "f mnrriugo of women win, . . 7 Hieiiuo nun, I'luiuuimiy astonished theco. gution, among whom were some rTr considered tho sermon a grossly n-J , ....,.,,. H...I .. 1,.. m ... .--.s...w '"u. in-tail uau not (U w hat tho Latin proverb advise, tlw dim! cobbler to do he hail gone Uyoiul hishT r , J -""u puipit fw tU ing woin-ii who entered for the seco,,,! tZ lllA ,11,tla!llltllfll tf.in Pl. 1 piniit-u in ex.enso 111 some or tbe pniiei-. s Jl llimlu fl mvilir-i.ilia nn... ......I . 1.. . j.. . . . why the Dominican father was so bard ml women and so lenient toward men. TlieS cussion took a turn that was not eiwtl, Mienlocicnl nw nlrl,.,nl. D t . ' , "- 1 ere UUKjq very imprudent in exprei-ing hi, opinion,. strongly, ho nevertheless caught up and m into woi-ila flnntlii i.ulii,..,. . 1.. . n ...,bl. mra.snaj,, Vila, ia vj uu means ol recent aute, GOOD TABTC AND ETIQUETTE. There aro certain rules of good tatts itf etiquette with regard to second nism u France which are usually unserved by Uj, uuuui:u laassea. 1 ue wuote ceremonial mat be quiet and unostentatious. The festive nr. parations must lie on a modest scale. It a not considered becoming for the bridepooa and bride to appear very happy. They nut be S'vlate and calm, with an expression nf n cueillement in their faces. Something Ud to the memory of tho dear departed. Thi k especially the case if a lady is a widow. 81 does not take from her finger the ring places there by her first husband. Her second spoi, would be considered n man of bad feeling and bad taste if he objected to this mark of is. Iect paid to bis predecessor. Moreover, U the lady hns children the first ring rntistbers tninod out of regard for tlie memory of their father, and sho would be passingaslichtupos them by tuking it off. If these chil.lrea are grown up they must not keep aloof from die wedding party, but must bo present it the ceremony. They nre not expected In look joyful, but their absence would girt rise toscnudal. The religious services must he very simple without iloral decorations or inking. Tlie widow nt her second nmrriajj nust not wear gray or mauve, for sucbeolon .votild be suggestive of half mourning, which 'ier second huslxuid might not bike total lelicate allusion to himself. IW color is dso forbidden, 011 the ground that ft is too i-'si'. The heuddress Miould be a black or wiite mantilla, with a few flowers srattend wer it certainly not orange flowers, which nn only lx) worn once on such occasions, nor h'ysaiitheuiums uud scuhiouses, which in r.-i-med "widows' flowers." A breakfast or dinner follows the religious ceremony, tat ': bull is given iu the case of a second mar .iuge. Silver mnrriages are veiy pleasing festi vals iu France. When a couple have com pitted twenty-five years of married life tb ''vent is celebrated with all the show of joy mil festivity possible. Iu the first place, "icre is a religious ceremony in church, i liich has a good deal of the outward form it a genuine wedding. The lady is again ailed the bride, and her toilet is superb, sup Kwing her position iu the world justifies it i'ho flowqrs which she is ejpecteil to wearart targe white ox eyes known iu Franc 11 rcines marguerites. The bridegroom ween Iress coat The pair nre surrounded by their liildren and grandchildren if there areany. Vll relations are invited, for a grand family ouster is considered essential. A dinner il jiven, followed by a bail, which is opened by ho newly remarried couple, the lady dancing with her eldest son ami her husband with hit ildest daughter. Golden weddings aro much rarer than silver weddings. Death only al lows a very small proxrtion of married peo ple to live fifty years together. The Cere nt,,,., ,' tl.n - . . 1. .. - cilffAF ne'.l 13 VII a BM111U n3 111 UIB CttSO VI bu . v. weddings. There are ivw great-grandchild-as well as grandebi dren present, and th ld people open the ball with the eldest of th last generation of their deceudauts. Psril Cor, Boston Transcript. Oldest of the Sciences. Metallurgy is the oldest of the sciences. It ;vus born iu the efforts of the alchemist to ransmute metais into gold, and has com Jowu through tho centuries less changed than any other science. While the earliest records aro not full and complete, the nlloyi nade in those old acres, and the slags fonua ibout some of tho oldest workshop discov ;red, some of them dating back to the aje of "Joses, show prettv tlcnrly whut the metal lurgical methods of those days were, '"1 Jiow that they were much tho Rime as tb methods now i:i use. The slugs give proof liiutlime was used as it is used now, and that ulphur wns a bugbear as it is now. & advances huve been made have been niore a mechanical nature thus in the way of dis covering new laws or tii incioles of chemistry. Public Opinkitu A Wlndowr of Sheila. Its windows were a curiosity, the first I had ever seen in India wb?re tho panes " of the pearl oyster shell, cut thin, and nbout an inch nnd a half square. This wa the Fr' tugunie window. T1.0 labor of making P' windows of such small pieces of shell n-atly rut und smoothed mut havo lieen jinnx-ose, even for one building. At least one-half"1 !i;;htnasobstrucbilby the six 11 strata, when one adds to this the wooden fianunl for the shells, there must hnve Ixvn a consid" era! le addition to the semi-opnqueiirss. Bui then this i.s Iuuia. and it is always a stui'y kei p out the gbra of the sun. HiUTer Magazine. The eWtrin light is now being used in Scotch &hi.rkt with great cucoea'