,4 THE EUGENE CITY GUARD. SATURDAY. DEO, O. 1Q70. EUGENE CITY". OREGON. From trie History of Two Par-tie. During the late political campaign Republicau speakers were wont to ask "What measure ot national import anoe has the Democracy advocated during tho past twenty-five years ?" and then follow the question by a parade of questions settled and muas ares advocated and accomplished by the Republican party. What has been done during Republican auministra tions mav be referred to without sbamo by thoso who value party moro than tbe country ; but if there is a pure pat riot in America who can review tbe acts of that party without shame, we must admit that we cannot sympathize with him, though we rejoice when tbe country prospers, nod feel grateful to any party or administration that advances the material interests of all the people; yet we find bat little la the history of Republican administrations that elicits joy or demands our gratitude. IJut without moralizing, let us review tue history of De mocracy and Radicalism in tbe United States. It is, or has been, the boast of Rad icals that tbey built tbe transcontinental railways ; that they saved the Union ; that tbey gave tbe poople the homestead and pre-emption laws and abolished slavery. Suppose that these things were done under Republican administrations, we know that all the people have foil tbe influence of these great achievements. The Republican party was In power and grunted millions of acres of public lands to companies to build tho Pa cific railroads and branches, and also donated millions of money, or loaned it, to tbe sain $ companies for the same purpose ; und if it is any credit to any party to build up great monopolies at tho expenso of all tbe people, then the Republican party can fairly claim it; (or it Is a well known fact that either the bonds, some 800,000,000 loum-d to those companies, or the lunus grunted were sulli cient to construct and equip the rouds. Then all the honor there was in building those roads Is offset by the fact t hut either mill ions of acres of tbe people's lands, or mill ions of dollars of tbe people's money were uselessly squandered to gratify the greed and hush the clamor of public plunderers, soul less monopolies, and "Credit Mobilurists." When tho people cume to rejoice over the comjietion of those roads, "riatun came a so;" and when we consider bow uiuuy homes for poor people have beeo squandorud how tbe price of what is left is double J, how long and how much we are to be taxed to pay in torest ou the sixty millions of bonds loaned, we feel ashamed for tbe country and willing that such doubtful honors muy rest on the Republican party, rut her than ou the De mocracy ; yet we know that all have to beur the burden alike ; tbero is no distinction of party as regards tho price of lauds nud mode and measure of taxation. That the Republicau party saved tho Un ion admits of an explanation not more cied itable to tbe party than tbe building of rail roads. If there bad been no Republican party with its f'luatical leaders denouncing the Constitution as a "league with death and a covenant with hell," with its "personal lib erty bills" io many States dcfyir.g and uul!i fylng the Constitution, decisions of tho Su preme Court and laws of Congress, there could have been no pretext for secession and would have been no disuuion. So the ques tion stands to day, if there had been no Radical-Abolition party bent on revolution aud preaching an "irrepressible conflict," there would have been no cause for saving the Lo ion, or for us bearing billions of a public debt to be transferred from generation to generation and continuity gnawing at the vi tall of our Institutions until it is paid or our institutions are overpowered and swept Into oblivion by the power of the "money chancers" of the world. Hut has the Union been saved T If we are to credit the boast ini of Radical orators it bos been. Uut if we heed the blustering harangues of Ulaine, Morton, (Jar Geld aud their ilk, or the milita 17 proclamations of Grant, the opiuions" ol his Attorney (Jeuerals, and the military or ders of his Secretary of War and General ol the Army, then we reulize that the Union has not been saved or else ut w dangers threaten it every year, or at every general election. As to enacting the homestead aud pre emption laws and their utility, tbere might be a question. Rut suppose these act were intended to benefit tilt people, bow have they been limited, thwarted, and converted iuto curses instead blessings? Wa venture to say that (be homestead law hits beeu the occasion of iu n fraud and perjury Ibao any one act ever parsed by Congress. 'I he in ducement was offered, and it was embraced by greedy cephalitis and ready tools to rob honest people of cheap bomes; and under the provisions ot thut act the records of laud of fices have become a registry of fa'? oaths This is degrading the public morals, if noth ing worse. Nor is this alt; for along lines of railroads on half of the land i given to tbe rosds, and homesu-adi are reducej one half io quantity and douUlid in price. Thus tbe poor nan's poverty is doubled, while tlie . monopolist's wealth is duplicated. So il the IVpoblican party has been kind to the poor man it has beeo oiorj than genrous to the wealthy. But if the Republican part j ha b.en mu nificent, if It has ben liberal towards the people and railfcaJ. il it has gWeii away 170,000.000 acres ef public lands to mua.ip- olic-s, w my U peruiitteJ to a-k Low tttt( party obtained the I mds ! What Jwrtfi rarciasid thtm? Under what aJo :ii:alra , tion were thep acquired f Tbe answer comes that Democratic administrations secured Florida, Louisiana, Texas and all tbe vast region from tbe Gulf of Mexico and tbe Mis sissippi river to Mexico, the Pacific ocearr and British America. All tbo vast area of public lands given to railroads west of the Mississippi river was acquired by Democratic administrations; snd while tbe Republican party boasts of its lib eralityprofligacy rutber we can truthful ly say that if tbe Democratic party had not Secured these lands by wise and statesman like foresight, the Radical party could not bave been so liberal. Tbe Democratic par ty, while it acquired land enough for em pires, wis liberal enough to provide for com mon schools, to aid occasional improvements, grant lands to soldiers and to those who came with Lewis and Clark to take posses sion of Oregon, and to donate lauds to act ual settlers in Oregon during a limited time; besides holding tbe public lauds . subject to sale at a price the poorest might be able to pay, and thus secure a borne aud a home stead ; tbe Democratic party put tbe lands into market, the Republican party has withdrawn them io many cases to force the people 10 truckle to railroad nabobs. Tbe Republican party abolished slavery by ecci deut or by fraud. Now, if by accident, was tbe accident evidence of Radical statesman ship? If by fruud, is that fraud evidence of Republican wisdom? Oue or' tbe other of these means is a plain maitor of fact, accord ing to tbe professions of Radicalism. Tbe war was prosecuted, tbey said, "to save tho Union,' and not to disturb the institution of Slavery, and if slavery was abolished by the war it was an accident; if it was not. then il must have beeu by Iruud, becauxe il was abolished in the oue way or the other per haps by the 15th Amendment, which was fraudulently ratiGed. So tho credit, at least, is not honorable to either the wisdom or vir tue of the party that claims it. To sum np, tbe matter stands thus. Tbe Democratic party extendnd our domain from tin Missis sippi to the 1'ueific Oceau und added more thai) a billion und two hundred millions ol acres to our territory, gave oue thirty-sixth of nil that to support common schools, gave soldiers lund warrants and gave the seniors ol Oregon donations of land, giwe flee hun dred thousand ucres to eueb now State for "internal improvements," put nil the survey ed laniN into market at a nominal price, then estililished our boundaries and left tbo peo ple iii repose ; )eace end plenty prevailed, tuxation.lor the general government was uu known, titer were 110 more lauds to purchase, no more worlds to conquer. Tho United States were uomnlelu us to territory, im provements were springing up everywhere, population wus rapidly increasing und the "star of empire" was moving went wurd with out noise or confusiou, und if the Democrat ic party advanced io great national ideas or propped no great naliuii.il measures, it was because it bad no excuse for revolution, and without revolution there existed iiocuiish for a change; we wuru free, untaxed nud pros perous; to rest, to prosper und grow, was ull that we had to do. We had grown from a few colonies to the greatest republic the world had known, and was it a ilitrucu to us as a people, il we reposed a while upon our laurels 1 it is true we did not dj wlml Rad icalism has done. We did not condemn I ho Constitution, we did not inaugurate ret-'ilu-tiou, wu did not plunder tho people, we did not squander the grout empire ol lands we had ucqiurcd, we did not halve the. poor mmi's properly to double tho wealth of our monopolies, wu had no Credit Mobilier, we bad no fraudulent conuilutioiml uiih'mI uieiits, we had uo bayonets to protect usurp ers and tyrants, wo bud no military necessi ties and iu short we had not aud have not much in common with Radicalism. We can point to the past with pride; not so with (he Radical party; for their war we have a uution ul debt; for the abolition of slavery we bave bayonet rule in the South; for the i'acidc railroads we have lands shut nut from the market nud recollections of the Credit Mo bilier. So far, good and ill have been very badly mixed by that party. For every blessing conferred a long train ol abuses lollowed. The negroes were set free but therelor the whiles have beeo enslaved, and for years to coma they are to be hewers of wood and drawers of water for tho capi talist of the world. The Railroad subsidy sy.atem, It is true, built up the lailrond system of the country, but it also corrupted Congress and State legislatures and (lie pure louiitain of legisla tion llim roiled may uever become clear again. While the Homestead luw gave the people opportunity to secure homes, itolTer ed inducements ai d rewards for perjury that bave been accepted and embraced to a lear lul extent. The territory of the Union is all under one Hag, but not under one law, military rule in the South is not the law of the land, though it may be il Radicalism is to be per petuated. Radicalism assumes virtue that it has nut, and powers Dot limited bv law, rea son or just ire. Saulh Carolina. Grunt lias weakened on his warlike attitude toward South Carolina. Dis patches of tho otli sny that tho mili tary has boon withdrawn and special constable appointed in their stead. The Democratic House lias by dele gations from 1I10 negro House obtain ed a quorum nud is recognized by the Supremo Court of the St:tti (ion. Hampton on th uth address ed the people aud is reported as fol lows: 1 an supported bv the property owner of the Stale and by irood men of all cbsse. Two mouth ago I said I would submit niv claims to tho ieoilo ot South Carolina and if elect ed Governor, that by tho Eternal (iod, I would have my place; since when, in spito of frauds and false hoods, all the powers of tho Mate Government and bayonet ot Presi dent Grant, I have by To,(KK) white men arid 17,000 colored tnep c!ioen to be Governor ot South Carolina, ami Governor I will be. The ballot box has announced the verdict of the I people, and I w ill bo tluir Governor or they fcliall have a military Gover-j nor. . j The KroMv.:i IWiu It. .is ait rut. nirsj utt aud d'J. j Oregon' Electoral Vote, , On Monday last before the crnvass of the vote of this State for presiden tiul electors was begun tbo following protest was filed with tho Governor: To Hit ExulUncy L. F. Grover, Governor of Oregon : We, lbs undersigned citizens of and legal voters in tbe State of Oregon, do hereby protest against tbe issuance ot a certificate of election to John W. Watts, a candidate for Presidential Elector, at tbe lute election, held ou the 7th day of Novem ber, 1870, for the reason that on that day, and until about the 13th orl-iib of the same month, be was a Postmaster, duly appointed and qualified as such by the proper authori ties of the United States ; and, iberelore, in eligible as an Elector, uoder section 1 of Ar ticle 2 of the ConBtitutioo of tbe United States. We ckim and insist that the votes cost for tbo said J. W. Watts at that election amounted to nothing, the same as if they Lad never been cast ; and, be being ineligi ble to tbe said office of Elector, it is tbe duly of the proper canvassing officers to give tbe certificate of election to tbe three qualified candidates having the highest number of votes. This protest was signed by James K. Kelly, W. W. Thayer, J. S. White, J. II. Hecd.W. F. Trimble, J. C. Ains worth, C. B. Bellinger, J. N. T. Mil ler, W. II. Eflinger, B. Jennings, B.J B. Acker, A. D. Shelby, T. Patterson, 11. B. Thompson, Geo. L. Curry, John F. Miller, Wot. Strong, J. T. Miller. The matter came up belore tho Governor on tho 5th, Senator Kelly opening the opposition to the issue of .1 certificate to Watts. Gen. Odell filed a couuter protest which was read and the argument proceeded with. It appears to have been con clusively shown that no certificate could bo issued to Watts; that the lie vised Statutes specially fix the time when these electors shall bo appoint ed, using tho language of tho Consti tution is tho guide. Section 131, page 21, under the head, "Tho Presi dent," and with marginal note, "Time of appointing Electors," says : "Except in case of a Presidential election prior to tho ordinary period, as specified in sections 117 lo 149 in clusive, when the ollices ot President and Vico President both become va cant, the electors of President and Vice President shall 1o appointed in each State, on tho Tuesday next after tho first Monday in November, in every fourth year succeeding every election of a President and Vice Pres ident. So certificates of election were is sued to Messrs. Odd!, Cartwrightand Cronin. A dispatch to the writer from a Republican in Salem on Wedm sday evening says tlio Republican electors refused to recognize Mr. Cronin as a qualified elector, whereupon ho de clared their places vacant and jro coeded to appoint men to fill tho va cancies. This being done tho vote was cast, two appearing for Hayes and one for Tildcn. The Republican electors also met und declared ft va cancy in tho board and elected Watts to fill such vacancy and cast their votes for Hayes. We believe that Governor Grover did right, and that tho vote of Mr. Croniu will bo counted for Mr. Til den. In disoussing this question tho San Frauoisuo Examiner ot a recent dato says : Tho Uadic.il journals endeavor to dispose ot a certain important propo sition, with reference to tho qualifica tions of Presidential Electors, very summarily. They manilest a levity in its consideration not calculated to command public confidence. Tho tacts eliciting these remarks aro as follows: One Mr. Watts, who was a postmaster in Oregon, aud oue Mr. Sollace, who was a postmaster in Ver mont, were candidates at the late elec tiou1 lor tho position ot Presidential Electors, aud chosen as such by the Radicals iu thetr respective States. It is true that both of them have, since their election, resigned their ottioos held under the United Slates Govern ment, but have not, by that step, ac quired the capacity to hold the Stale ollico of Presidential Elector. Tho Constitution of the United S'ates is so explicit, as to tho disquali fication of Watts and Sollace to act as Presidential Electors, that we quote it without further comment. "Article 11 Svotion 1 of the Constitution rvads as follow : Kacli State shall amount, in aneh manner aa the Legislature may mrwt, a nuiulvr of Klti-tors, niu.tl to the whole number of Senators' and KeprvsonUttvea to w hieh the SUte may I entitled iu the Con (nw; but no Senator or Kepresw-ntative, or pernou holding an orhYe of trtwt or profit under the 1'uito.l States shall be appoint! an Hector." Tho provision of tho Constitution, aboM iiuoted, suggest that the Presi dential Electors are to be ajtMiinted in some manner by the St.V.e Govern ment, All of the States, except the new one, Colorado, we believe, now elect them by popular vote. Ccnse queetlv, at the lime of their flection, a Electors, they mnt occupy the lime status that they would be com pelled to be in whin njfHinh by the States, it that were tho rule. The j Constitution is explicit on this point. 1 No po'tmsMer cm be rAw-if to such ' ofiieo if holding tho office of post master at the time of bis election, tors that tirue is coincident w ith tbe time j OFFICIAL VOTE Hayes & Wheeleri ijectora, i ST Counties. 3. or, V r Baker Itrnton Clackamas Clatsop. Columbia Coos. Curry. Douglas. Grant Jackson Tnxephiue Lane I-ake Linn Marion. Multnomah Pr.lk Tillamook. Umatilla. Union., Wasco 1..; ... Washington, Yamhill 319 615 950 432 150 671 131 1002 314 685 209 949 173 13-J4 17S2 2122 008 119 4Hi 300 491 692 810 318 615 949 432 157 671 131 1002 315 5S5 209 949 173 1323 17X0 2124 319 615 950 432 157 671 131 1003 316 m 209 949 173 1324 1781 2122 697 119. 46 3t 491 6! 811 608 119 4H6 3l)6 493 693 812 Totals 15206 15206 15214 of appointment prescribed in tho Con stitution. Any postmaster, was as utterly ineligible, that is not capable of being elected, as Presidential Elec tor on the da he was voted for if still postmaster, as he would have been to be apmutted as such Elector under any authority in his State, as provided in tbe Constituion. It follows, therefore, as a necessary conclusion, from the premises, that Messrs. atts and sollace cannot nil the oflico of Presidential Elector in their respective States. At the time they were votal for, to occupy 6uoh position, they were no more compe tent to do so than a dead man. The votes cant for them were simply thrown away, and whatever candidate, in opposition to either ot them, re ceived the bigheHt vote must be de clared theElector lrom Oregon and Vermont. This is a case for which no If anv State in tbe Union provide. stat Jles of all ot the States, lieve, declare to tbe e licet thai poraon lawfully chosen to the ofneo' of Presidential Elector dies, resigns, or is legally removed before the occa sion occurs tor him to discbarge the duties ot his office, a vacancy is there by crei.tid, which can be filled as pro- viuea uy 1110 icgisiaiion 01 uiu m.-vciai States. Uut where a person is voted for who is ineligible at the time of the election, though ho recoives a clear majority of all the votes cast, he can not bo declared elected, and bis ina bility to qualify cannot create a vacan cy. The candidate who is eligible, who has received the next highest number of voles though that may not be a majority is in that case elected. This is tho constilu'.ional provision on tho subject under discussion, and we believe that when tho case comes un der tho consideration of tho Supreme Court of the United States, as it seems most probable now it is likely to do, notwithstanding a majority of its metn'oers aro Radical in their views, that body will decide that a man ut terly iuooiupetHit lo be elected to of fice at tho very date ho was elected, although tho result ot tho clcctiou was not instantly officially proclaimed, could not qualify himself for such of lico by any act subsequent to bis eleo tiou thereto. Such are the sugges tions ot a common sense interpetation of tho Constitution, aud law is alleged to be the perfection of human reason. LoulMiann. Tho infamous returning board of Louisiana completed its villainous work on tho Cth inst by declaring the Haves and Wheeler electors, the Had ical candidates for State offices and tour Radical candidates for Congress to be elected. This they accomplish ed by throwing out betweon seven and nino thousand votes. But the end is not yet. The American peo plo bave a respect ilia? reaches to rev erence for the verdict of the ballot. Oi.ce made, it b always acquiescod in. To bo suro, each party recoguizes the fact that there are few elcctious that aro not tainted by fraud ou both sides, but they also seo that these frauds usually balauce themselves; that they are not large enough lo alter the result, and that they are usually com mitted by raeu who are candidates for minor offices, and aro seldom countenanced by tho men who aro at the bead of either organisation. So it is in Louisiana. It may be that some Democrats bave committed frauds or been guilty of intimidation, though there is no pre of of it, but it must be evident that tLis could not possibly have given Tilden this immense ma jority, for it is an immense majority on 0 small a vote. Brt when a la-turning Board assumes to throw out part of one parish and take tho rest, it is evideot that the whole principle of elections is destroved. There might as well be no elections at a!L The census reports would furnish the rela tive proportions of the white and black populations, aud no ballots whatever need be cast. The elec tions in Louisiana hare actually been decided in just this way. Imagine this principle applied to every Staie in the Union. It would result in an archy and civil war. There is 00 OF OREGON. iTildeniHeudricknj jCoojierAtarey Clecton. Congress. ? 2 3 I i 650 667 724 3H5 179 516 124 847 279 840 252 946 258 1404 1154 1528 642 76 742 625 621 423 674 649 567 724 386 179 512 124 847 279 827 252 946 258 1404 1154 1528 642 76 742 625 621 424 674 649 567 724 385 179 615 124 847 277 840 252 946 258 1404 1155 1525 542 76 742 525 619 423 674 1 17 77 22 22 22 S 3 43 '43 3 3 5 S 4 4 33 33 140 141 140 24 23 22 2 2 2 55 64 1 1 42 42 32 32 64 1 42 32 6 6 6 509 510 517 14157 14136 14149 15347 14239 Northern State whose vote might not be reversed in just this way. Once out loose from tbe sheet-anchor of the votes actually cast, and there is no knowinar where vou mav drift. Then O si there need be no question as to the result. But to undertake to revise the popular verdict, is simply to put an end at one blow to tbe popular crovernment. Why did not Gov Kellogg prevent the frauds and in timidation which he alleges to bave taken place. THE Sil l ATIO.V. After the castiug of tho eloctora! vote by the electors of the several States on the Cth, tv natter stands in this wiso : tef '". ' Ha 185 190' . .xe, a memo turning uoard denounce of the board, and grantb. to the Tilden electors. . . . . Settled. The telegraph 8 u'- ago brought a report that there wou probably be difficulty in canvassing the vote ot Nebraska, as the Legisla ture was tho only body authorized to perform that duty. The matter was stttled by tho couveuing "f ' latre and the canvass within the time prcsc Kkllogu's Ei.ectoks met their votes lor Hayes on tho Cth. "A dispatch stated that the Tilden elec tors would probably meet and obtain certificates lrom McEnery, dejure Governor. Tho Democrats claim that two of tho Republican electors aro in eligible, A. B. Lev isso being at the time ot election U. S. Commissioner, and O. II. Brewster being Commis sioner of Land Office. Vermont's Electoral Squabble. A Mootpelicr dispatch of the 6th says: AUnch, contesting elector, appeared this forenooo with counsel belore the electoral college. Counsel informed tbe college that Aldrich wished to take part in the proceed ings and protest against Henry N. Sollace taking part. Koswell Farnbam olijucted to hearing outside parties, and the college pro ceeded to ballot. Aldrich offered bis vote for Tilden and Hendricks, but it was refused, the Gve votes were declared for Hayes and Wheeler. Aldrich called special attention of the chairman to the fact that be offered bis votes. (Jeorge Nichols was appointed messenger to carry votes to tbe President of the Senate. Tbe college refused to hear anything lrom counsel for Aldrich, and ad journed. Aldrich submitted a protest to the electors ot Vermont against the action of the board in permitting Sollace to vote and excluding him from voting. Aldrich ask ed Nichols to carry bis vote to Washington and was refused. lie then appointed him self messenger snd signed bis own certificate of votes, which was in the common form, and gav Nichols notice that he should go to Washington at the same time be did, and present bis votes, and fight it oat in Con gress. Aldrich has not beeo sworn as an elector. FIREMEN'S GRAND BALL E.H.5L.C0.2T0.1 WILL Crvi THEIR 5th ANNUAL BALL ON CHRISTMAS EVENING, Monday, December 25th, AT LANE'S H.AJLL1. COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS. E. J. M.-CUnahaa. Geo. W. FU tcher. Je5 Smith, Go. W. Kinary. 4 I Is. Jacksua. COMMITTEE OF RECEPTION. C. W. Titch, G. S. KincaiO, Ja McCUren, FLOOR MANAGERS. Jrff Smith, J. N. Fninderter, . W. Ftrfaher, J.4n Obrien. TICKET, Inclwdlnc (tapper, $3. Tickets fit- salt at t" nun's Mwie SUc. T4 ul niuic will b rurciheJ fur LL occa- 329 640 651 594 952 734 430 387 158 197 653 530 131 128 1023 828 317 280 592 828 208 247 964 944 171 250 1371 W38 1780 1155 2109 1527 625 567 120 76 503 738 370 539 482 626 694 417 814 669 SUCCESSOR TO WALTON 4 LYNCH; In Dorri8' Brick Buildinj. DKAUBIir Groceries and Provisions Will keep on band a general assortment of Groceries, Provisions, Cured Meats, Tobacco, Clears, Candles, Candles, Snaps, Notions, Green and Dried I raits, Wood and Willow Ware, Crockery, Etc. Business will be conducted on a CASH BASIS, Which means tht ssma aw at) ft si Low Prices are UTamisnea Goodt delivered witboot charge to Bnyer ALL KINDS OF PRODUCE WANTED For which I will pay the highest market pric. For Sale. TWO GOOD DWELLING HOUSES. . Which are nuly located ana win M aula a nun. Terms easr. Uiqoireaieinrwn on. NDERWOOD. BEN. F. DORRIS, , DEALER IK STOVES AND RANGES. ' Plain, Fancy and Japanned SHOVELS AND TONGS, FENDERS AND FIRE-DOGS, CAULDRON AND WASH KETTLES, HOLLOW IRON and COPPER WARE, Porcelain, Tinned and Brass PRESERVING KETTLES, Drivea Well & Force Pumps, . Lead and Iron Pipes, Hose Tipes and Hose- ' IN FACT, EVERYTHING belonging tomjr iusines8, all of which I will sell at the LOWEST CASH PEICESr JOB WORK' . A rtlyr atjafaeto- For customers - At the Lowest Living Rates, WM,IRVIN0r EUGENE CITY. OREGOX YtTIOWL BISIXESS COLLEGE PORTLAND, OREGON. A Business Education is the sorest guaranty ot success ior persons in all pursuits of life. . 1 College Journal sent free to any aldreM. StFRAXCE c WHITE, m-1 Jm Lock Box 104. NOW IS . THE TIME TO Subscribe lor THE WEST SHORE, J uit entering iu aeoood year. 11 la ENLARGED AND IMPROVED, and worthy the patronage of Tary wall wuner ol tat racinc fturuiwMt. II at Beaofifallr Illustrated by the leading artiata on the ooast. 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