THE IETTER OF A PATRIOTS
SENATOR WOLCOTT TO COLORADO
' REPUBLICANS.
He Tells Why He Caaoof Support the Chicago
Platform, Even to Secure Free Coinage in
' America. -
f Under date ot July 31, 1896, Senator Kd
ward O. Wolcott, of Colorado, issued an
address to the voters ot that state, giving
bis reasons tor supporting McKlnley ana
-not roiiowing his colleague, Senator teller,
out of the-republican party, it is a man--;
iy. patriotic, strong and convincing letter,
auu nas rallied to his support a large ma-
: Jurny ot the repuDlieans of that stale,
xne reasons he gives are just as gooa in
- mis state as they are in Colorado, ana au
voters, of whatever party, who are tempt
l oy- tneir aesire tor tree coinage to ig
nore the grave dangers to which he cans
attention, should give tnem Woughuui
-conaiaeration. 'ihe address is as ipiiows:
"to tne Voters of the State ot Colorado;
The -people ot Colorado are entitled to
" know at Such a Juncture as ta fte vie.
-ot tneir representatives at Washington.
Among the great privileges we enjoy jin
oer republican institutions are freedom ot
conscience andtreeaom of speech, and"
l snouid hesitate on this or on any other
proper occasion to declare my belief and
Siy convictions on any public Question, f
nouio despise myseit even more than i
aesoise tnJse incendiary newspapers and
Hysterical uiaiviuuuo wuw -r -
tnreacs and vituperation can choke the
utwranceV of any eelf-respecting citizen
Si CoTorado, wno has an opinion to ex-.
' iresa or "a principle to aeclare. ' :
iie silver question is most vital. In-
-teruatloual bimetalism at the tormer ratio
iSToi course, be the most aesirable
me?of restonng silver as a .money .
metal because the disturbance of values,
wiiicn mignt follow tne inauguration ot
Trie couTaie by ihe United suites alone,
wotld oTavolued. and the question as to
ine exportation or hoaraing of gold would
Le eamUiatcd. in my opinion, however.
- &"oSSL Burtf- afpne d under wise
"Jl anouid deserve and receive the contt-2Sf5-iir
.Lii classes of our people-open
nTmlnts to the unlimited coinage of silver
and successfully maintain that metal at a
- . at tha ru fill tit lb tO 1. IB-
SepenVnuyotnera-ni of the wOrm.
iuug tne seven years of my puulioj serv
tee in ihe senate, 1 have always held this
'tww? My vote on all questions attecting
the currency has been identical w.tn that
of other senators usually Known as silver
senators, .and. while my utterances on the
iuVeriuetuon may not have been as fre-
BuyB " , nr nthura whose
quent or as wa u -ZZrn on
- views snare. v---- - ,
tnlA DUDJcCi 13 ticai ,
IUC YC TV a m
ta-";he financial plank of the national re
' publican plattorm is. In my opinion, far
Irom satlSiactory, and those members ot
tne party who believe as 1 beueve, will
struggle earnestly and hopefully for the
lull and complete recognition and adop
tion y the republican party 01 the hu
mane nrlncipie ot bimetalism, animated
by the belief that tne party which -on
every other great question involving hu
man freedom and the weliare of mankind
iiaa stood tor aii "
-ennobling, will yet realise that a conuu-
lurther impoveriaiiment and Buttering.
The platform contains, nowever. a most
. - - nlQlialnir T ha IMrtV
important suiLeiucui, -w . -
to "the turtherance ot binietaiiam by 1-
- a, K i enrtn tfl.lt II
of "hm pledge, the history of the party
Sn othei questions requires the luile-t
credence; me uvaououvn'-s
of the silver question makes it certain to
my mind that every effort will be earnest
ly made by tne republican party to secure
to- mis country me u,b . .77..
4:-v, apdvti Is ntv- sincere opictioft that,
Oliver wdlnberestoreditsp
.as a money u ' ZTui
that wnen wim jttuiMu w"v--' -be
accomplished through the action ana
efforts ot the republican party. Kxcept on
the money question, no man in Coloraao
who believes in the protection of American
labor and American proaucts and American
industries, and who loves his country, can
read the platform without hearty ap
proval: and no man doubts that Major
StcKlnley will bring to his high paice
every quality needed by a president of this
great people. " - n . -
MT DryaU I1U9 UCCU uu.iiti -
presidency on three separate plattorms;-
- . - xv. .J t nartv tllP TlODUllSt
Darty and by the sUver party. - The last
named party the silver T?arty does not
ueserve sriuus wuDmciawwM. ,
" members were present at its recent con-
venuon in ou uu, .r - , ,
report the convention hall as being less
than half full. The - democratic party
nominated Mr. Bryan upon a platform .the
-financial portion of which was everything
that could be desired, and the rest of it
everything that is, in my opinion, un
desirable and hostile to the interests of
our country. I decline to stand upon this
platform and vote for this candidate, even
with the alluring free-coinage plank. X
cannot do It. I am a believer In protec
tlon, and shall not abandon that belief.
The supreme court of the United States w
- .ki. irihnnil' Iho hitrhest 111-
; dicial tribunal in the world. - I will not
.help -to smircn it. x mo Suvc.iMi.
. be enabled to- pay Its running expenses,
purpose, and I fall to vote it supplies to
keep It aiive, I shall consider that I vio--Sate
my oath as senator. The recent re
publican congrees- ntut uccu uc.uc. " "7 v
f ul nor extra vagant, and I must decline
to certify to a statement I know to be un
true. When, some months ago, the rail
way strike at Chicago grew beyond con
: trot, and innocent lives were being sacri
ficed and millions of dollars'- worth of prop
erty was being destroyed by lawless men;
when the sheriff was powerless, and the
governor failed to perform hta duty, the
president of the United States, with fed
eral troops, under sanction- of law, saved
further bloodshed and destruction, and
thereby deserves the thanks or every man
who values our liberties and believes that
the rights, guaranteed us by the constitu-
- tion ought to be sacredly guarded against
lawlessness of every form. . - .
- -The recent travesty at St. Louis, the
popuhst. convention, has but illustrated
the- elements which naturally gravitate
toward -the candidacy of Mr. Bryan.
Every cranky quirk, every incongruous
and ludicrous and misshapen idea which
. the wheels in the brains of men . could
evolve, buzzed and whirled through days
of talk, but the net result was Bryan.
Government ownership of railroads, tele
graph and -telephone lines, initiative and
referendum, silver money and more money,
had their advocates, and at the end, on
assurances that all who voted for Bryan
would be equally recognized, Mr. Bryan
was the almost, unanimous choice of the
convention.
: "Because, therefore, I believe that free
coinage will come through the efforts of
the republican party, and because the
democratic and populist platforms, ex
cept on the money question, are odious
and hostile to the welfare of our country,
I shall not cast-my vote for Mr. Bryan.
' - "I hold my commission from the repub
lican party. Many of Its members, includ
ing some of Its leaders, in the exercise or
- their judgment, have announced their- in
tention of leaving the party. I shall stay..
My loyalty to the party which has hon
ored me is entirely consistent with my
loyalty to the highest and best Interests of
"the state I represent in the senate of the
United States, and I know no reason why
I should abandon my party or desert its
colors.- There is in my mind no reason
why (t was not as much our duty to vote
for Weaver four years ago as for Bryan
. today. The Omaha platform, declared for
free coinage, and was no more objection
able than the Chicago platform; and
Bryan Is vouched for by leading populists
as being 'as good a populist as lives.' The
populists have not changed in the past
four years. It Is we who are expected to
Join their' organization. Others may find
It a wise experiment, but I won't do it.
Whenever the course of events could make
it possible that I should speak from the
same platform as Tillman or Waite or Ig
natius Donnelly, in advocacy of the same.
6 residential candidate, I know there must
e something wrong with me.
"What we . need In Colorado Is less
hysterics and more common sense. - We
have glorious resources, yet In the Infan
cy of their development. We are suffering
from the Imposition of a mistaken finan
cial policy, which it Is -our natural and
proper desire to see overthrown asuipeedily
as- possible. We are one of 46 states In the
Union, each free and sovereign. Within
our borders live about one one hundred
and fiftieth of the people of the United
States. - We live in a republic where the
majority rules. - The vast majority of the
people of the. United States are honest and
of a high average of intelligence, and de
voted to the perpetuity ot free institu
tions. Our great desire is to induce a ma
jority of the people of the United States
to believe as we believe. The way to the
accomplishment of this result ia not by
vituperation and abuse. The press of the
country. Cast as well as West, is largely
responsible for the bitter sectional feenng
now sought to be invoked, it is for us
who do not own or control newspapers
and who are not in the business of throw
ing mud, to remember that of the millions
of people who will cast tneir ballots this
fall, nearly all are as patriotic as we are,
and with us equally desirous that this re
public shall live, and not die. The people
of the East are our brothers; we sprung
from the same loins, we have a common
country, a oommon death and the same
dear flag. ' This gospel of hate which i
now being preached should hnd no follow
ing among sane men, no welcome among
good citizens.
"We who believe In the free coinage of
both gold and silver at our mints at the
ratio heretofore existing will secure the
adoption of our views when we are able
to -induce the majority of our fellow-citi-ens
to share our belief; when people who
do not agree with us now shall be led to
agree with us, not alone because of our
arguments on finance, but because our
vie.wa on other great questions entitle us
to public confidence and respect.. Free
coinage will never come. In my opinion,
out ot the jumble and folly of the Chicago
platform, nor will it be heralded by the
cap and bells of populism. , '
"KDWABD O. VOL.COTT."
- Wages la Mexico. "
Chicago Tribune. '
A. J. Warner, the popocrat, ' discourses
thua:
.'it is now generally admitted that, while
the United States, on a gold basis, is suf
fering from prolonged business stagnation,
Mexico, on a silver basis, was never so
prosperous as now. The explanation of this
difference in the business and industrial
conditions of the two countries seems to
puzzle a good many people, and especially
those who hold to the belief that the gold nelr service with the respect and grati
standard is the condition rnder which a rt rliwi hrav nhle and aelf-sacrl-
country ought to. thrive best.,
The beet way to ascertain; whether -a
country is prosperous is to find out what
the reward of labor Is there and also: the
prices of those commodities which are in
common use. That country is the most
prosperous where a day's labor exchanges
for the greatest quantity of the necessaries
of life. - ; : -
Tried by that testr what does the Mexi
can prosperity Warner extols amount to?
The folio whig tables will throw some light
on the subject. The first one gives the
wages paid in the City of Mexico, which
has about 360,000 people. The first column
gives the actual , wages paid," the second
column gives their gold value, and the third
gives American wages paid in gold or Its
equivalent:
Mexico
Value in
OCCUPATION.
B"
Hi
Carpenters . :
Bricklayers ,
blacksmiths
Painters.. .- ..............
Masons .......... ........
Printers 4
Clerks in stores
Unskilled labor
House servants
Hotel help ................
Uooka
Factory- hands ...........
-Farm hands .............
Car drivers
"conductors1 ,-.v. v.'; .v..
Policemen .................
feliners .....................
Railroad engineers .......
Jiremen ...................
Conductors
brakemen
m 001
00
75
1 00
125
87
87
1 25
$2 00
3 00
2 60
2 00
4 00
4 00
2 50
126
50
-1 00
3 00
"- 2 00
1 60
2 001
2 601
1 75
1 25
2 50
2 60
- 20
17
: : 25
1 251
25
25
--37
50
75 -
1 25
50
25
6 00
4 00
s 00
1 so
3 001
2 00
2 m
75
: It will be seen that in a few instances
the Mexican working man gets as many
Mexican dollars at the American working
man gets 100-cent United States dollars.
Generally the wage-worker who Is paid in
Mexican dollars gets fewer ot them than
the American gets of full value dollars.
According, to Warner this is prosperity.
The second table deals with prices. The
first column shows what the Mexican pays
for the necessaries of life in Mexican dol
lars. The second column shows . what he
would be asked were he to pay in gold
value American money. The third column
shows the prices paid in this country:
"Mexico. U. S. Gold or
Value In silver equal
- silver.
Bold.
in value.
Tea, per pound. .12 00
Flour, per pound 08
Bacon, per pound 50 z
Lard, per pound. 30
Beef, per pound.. 20
Mutton, per lb.. 20
Coffee per lb.... 40
Sugar, per lb.... 10 ' -Beans,
per lb.... 10
Potatoes per Ib-. OS
Corn meal, lb... 20
Rice, per lb 09 "
From which it appears
H oo v
04
25
15
10
10 .
. 20
- ' 05 - -06
?o
OVA
that the
50
04V4
06
08
. 10
15
25
- 0594
.0214
. 01"4
.- 0214
Mexl
can gets less for his labor and pays more
for all he consumes.' The day's labor of a
car conductor there will buy 12 pounds
of flour and 6 pounds of beef. Here the
day's labor of a car conductor will buy al
most 28 pounds of flour and 12Vt pounds of
meat. . - : - - -
Nevertheless, Warner declares that labor
prospers in Mexico, and he proposes that
the American workingman cast his vote
for a candidate who will give him Mexican
prosperity. " . -',
Undoubtedly Mexico is more prosperous
that she was 20 years ago. -She has pro
gressed in - spite of her having a silver
standard. She has had a more stable form
of government. American capital has built
railroads, which have opened up the coun
try and given value to products whiah were
- valueless previously for lack of transporta
tion facilities. .
But with all the progress that has been
made, that which counts for prosperity in
Mexico would count for wretchedness in
the United States. American workingmen
who feel inclined to vote for Bryan should
t 11H v lha Ahnve tahlea at Wfleea and nricea
before they cast their ballots to Mexicanize
the labor of this country.
. - Brooklyn Eagle. '"..
William McKinley made a brief speech
Wednesday to the surviving members of
the regiment in which he served during
the war, and In the course of it he said
he believed "it. was a great deal better to
open the mills of the United States to the
labor of America than to open the mints
of the United States, to the silver of the
world.'.'. William J. Bryan made a long
speech at the Madison-Square garden, but
in the whole course of it he did not say a
thing which will stick In the minds of the
voters like this epigram which his rival
for the presidency coined in Canton. - -
If we coin a sliver dollar of full legal
tender below the current value of the gold
dollar,' we are simply opening our doors
and Inviting England to take our gold.
With our gold flowing out from us we
shall be forced to the single silver stand
ard, and our relations with the leading
commercial countries of the world would
be not only embarrassed, but crippled.
What gain-should, we make, therefore,
for the circulating medium if on opening
the gate for silver to flow In, we open a
still wider gate for gold to flow out?
James G.-Blaine. .
. - - .
1ffnnh1 loan -nartv
TtepUUlICtlU puny
"The
stands for honest, money and
the chance to earn it:!' ' ;
WIWAM mckinzmy;
McKlNLEVS LETTER Con. : from lgt page.
v FOREIGN IMMIGRATION. . .
' The declaration of the platform touch- :
lng foreign Immigration is one of pecu-
"llar Importance at this time, when our -own
laboring people are In such great
distress. . I am In hearty sympathy
with the present legislation restraining
foreign immigration and favor such ex
tension of the laws as will secure the -
; United States from Invasion by the de-'
. barred and criminal classes of the Old
World Wnilo we adhere to the public,
policy under which our. country has -raised
great bodies of honest,- Industri
ous citizens wno have added -. to the
: wealth, progress and power of the ooun-
try, and -while we welcome to our shores .
the well disposed and industrious im
migrant who contributes by his energy
and Intelligence to the cause of free
government we want no immigrant.- ,
who do not seek our shores to become
citizens. We should permit none to par
ticipate in the advantages of our civil .
izatlon who do not sympathize with o -acts
and form of government. - .
. should receive none who come to tnal e
war upon our Institutions and profit by
public disquiet and turmoil. Against all
such our gates must be tightly closed.
. OUR SOLDIERS AND SAILORS. -
The soldiers and sailors of the United
States should neither be neglected nor
forgotten. The Government which they
served so well must not make their lives :
or condition harder by treating them aa
auppuants for reuet tn 01a age or ars
tress, nor regard with disdain or con-
' tempt the earnest Interest one comrade
naturally manifests in the welfare of
an-ther. Doubtless there have been .
pension abuses and frauds in the num.- -erous
claims allowed by the Govern
ment, but the policy governing the ad
ministration of the Pension ' Bureau
must always be fair and liberal. No de
serving applicant should ever suffer e
cause1 of a wrong perpetrated by or for -another.
Pur soldiers and. sailors gave
, the Government the best they had. They
freely offered health, strength, limb and -life
to save the country in the time of
its greatest peril. And the Government
must honor them in their neea as in
flclnsr men. "who are justly entitled to
generous aid In their increasing neces
sities, -v ; .. ; ;-. .- . , -.
OUR MERCHANT MARINE AND
- - - .. - - NAVY. - -
- The declaration of- the Republican
platform in favor of the upbuilding of .
our j merchant marine . has my hearty
approval. . The policy of discriminating
duties in favor of our shipping which
prevailed in the early years of our his
tory should be again promptly adopted
by Congress and vigorously supported
until our prestige and supremacy on the
seas is fully attained. We should no
longer contribute directly or Indirectly
to the maintenance of the colossal ma
rines of forelen countries, but provide r
an efficient and complete marine of our
own. Now that the American Navy is. ;
assuming ' the position commensurate
with our Importance as a nation, a pol-x
icy I am glad to observe the Republic- -an
platform strongly Indorses, we must .
supplement It with a merdhant marine
that will give us the advantages in both
our coastwise and foreign trade that we
ought naturally and properly to enjoy. -It
should be at once a matter of public
policy and national pride to repossess
this immense and prosperous trade. -
CIVIIi SERVICE REFORM.
. The pledge of the Republican Conven-"
tion that our civil service laws "shall be .
sustained and thoroughly and honestly
enforced and extended wherever prac
ticable" is In keeping with the position
of the party for the past twenty-four
i years, and. will be faithfully
orjeerveu. .,
j5i)r-opporieats decry; those reforms.-
r -They appear willing to aoanaon aii tne ..
e oo advantages gained after so many years
1 00 of agitation and effort. C They encour
4 60 age a return to methods of party favor- :
2 00'itlsm which both parties have of ten de- ;
nounced, that experience has conaemn- .
ed and that the people have repeatedly
disapproved. The Republican party
earnestly opposes this reactionary and
entirely unjustifiable policy. - It will -take
no backward step upon this ques
tion It will seek to Improve, but never
den-ad e the public service.
IT DEMANDS SPECIAL ATTENTICJA'. .
'' There are other important and timely '-,
declarations in the platform which I
cannot here discuss. must content
myself with saying that they have my
approval. If, as Republicans, we have
lately addressed our attention with with
what may seem great stress and earn
estness to the new and unexpected as- -sault
upon the Ananolal Integrity of the
Government, we have done it because
the menace is so grave as to demand
especial consideration, and because we
are oonvlnced that if the people are
aroused to the true understanding and
meaning of this silver and inflation
movement they will avert the dangor. :
In doing this we feel that we render ths
hu nrvin rtossible to the country, and
. we appeal to the intelligent conscience
and patriotism or tne peopie, lrrespci.--tive
of party or section, for their earnest
support.
WILL MAINTAIN LAW AND ORDER-
We avoid no issue. We meet the sud
den, dangerous and revolutionary as
sault upon law and order - and upon
those to whom is confided by the legis-.
lation and the laws, the authority to up'
hold and maintain them which our op
ponents have made, with the same cour
age, that we have faced every . emer
gency since- our organization as a party
more than forty years ago. Govern
ment by law must first be assured, ev
erything else can wait. The spirit of
lawlessness must be extinguished by
the fires of an unselfish and lofty patri
otism. Every attack upon the public -faith
and every suggestion of the re
pudiation of debts, public or private,
must be rebuked by all men who believe
that honesty is the best policy, or who
love their country and would preserve
.unsullied our national honor.
SECTIONALISM ALMOST OBLITER
- ,- - - ATED. ...
The country is to be congratulated
upon the almost total obliteration of
sectionalism which for many years ,
marked the division of the United
States in slave and free territory and
finally threatened its partition into two
separate governments by the dread or
deal of civil war. The era of reconcill- -atlon,
so long and earnestly desired by
General 'Grant and many other great
leaders. North and South, has happily
come, and tne feeling of distrust and
hostility between the sections is every-,
where vanishing, let us hope never to
return. Nothing Is better calculated to
give strength to the national wealth,
Increase our power and influence abroad
and add to the permanency and secu
rity of our free Institutions, than the
restoration -of cordial relations between
the people of all sections and parts of
our beloved country. -
If called by the suffrages of the peo
ple to assume the duties of the high
office of President of the United States
I shall count It a privilege, even in the
slightest degree, to increase the spirit
of fraternal regard which should ani- .
mate and govern the citizens of every
section. State or part of the Republic .
After the lapse of a century since its
utterance, let us, at length and forever
hereafter, ' heed the admonition of
Washington: -There should be no"
NoptK no Sonth. no Bast, no West but
a common country." It. shall be my
constant aim to improve every bppor-,
t unity to advance the cause of good
government by promoting that spirit of
forbearance and lustics which Is so es-
aenuai to our prosperity ana happiness,
by. Joining most heartily in all proper
efforts to restore the relations of broth
erly respect and affection which in our1
early history characterized all the peo
ple and all the States. I would be glad
to contribute toward binding lrrindivls- -ible
union the different divisions of the
country, -which, indeed, "Have "every
inductmerit of sympathy and Interest"
to weld them together more "strongly"
than ever. I would rejoice to see dem
onstrated to the world that the North
and South and the East and West are
not separated or in danger of becoming
separated because of sectional or party
differences. - The war is long since over; .
we are not enemies, but friends,- and as
friends we will falhtfuliy and cordially
co-operate under the approving smile of
Him who has thus far so signally sua-,
talned and guided us to preserve in vie-,
late our country's name and honor,' iti
peace and good order and Its continued
ascendency among the greatest govern
ments on earth.
WTT.T.T AM M'KINLEY. w.
v A-PLAIN TALK TO JOHN SMITH. .
In Which He Is Shown How Free Coinage
- ;: W11L Injure Him. :
This means you, John Smith.' Ik
makes no difference what your calling
may be, if you are a workingman the
question which now confronts you is of.
the very greatest importance to yourself,
your family and your friends. -. - '
Smith, vote for the candidates Twhofavor
the free and unlimited coinage of silver
it -xr
do so on the ground that free silver will
make you more prosperous. You know
that you would like to get higher wages
have a better house -tcTlive in, wear bet-1
ter clothes land be able to provide more
comforts and luxuires for your wife and
children, and, being a hardworking
man who has not had much time to
study financial questions,, perhaps yon
are inclined to believe that there's some
thing in this talk of cheap money for
the workers. If so, here are some points
for you to think over : ' . -. ' -
This free silver agitation did not start
with you, John Smith. It began with
the owners of the silver . mines, who
wanted to get a higher price for their
product.; They were, cunning enough to
see that the people would not listen to
a barefaced scheme of special favors to
one small class, so they went to work '
to convince the farmers that prices of
farm products are too low. To them
they said, "If prices were measured in
cheap silver dollars, you would get twice
as much money for what you selL" '
They did not tell the whole truth, -that
the farmer would . also pay twice as .
much for everything he - buys, and so
they soon found themsleves with a con
siderable number of followers.,; Then
they tried the workers.-- To them they
said : ."Free silver will give the country .
more money. More money will give the j
workingmen better wages.- If you want
more wages, vote for free silver. "
j - In; the first place, John Smith, you
will notice that when the silver mine :
owners and their agents are talking to
the farmers they: don't say anything
about increasing wages. This is because
the farmer wants to get nis labor as
cheaply as possible. ; Then, when they
talk to you,' they keep mighty quiet about
raising prices. This is beoause . they
know you don't want to pay high prices
lOTwnatyon uuy. xes it is as OBriniii
as that two and two make four that if
goods are measured in 60 cent silver
-dollars your bread, meat, fish, vegetables
and everything yon ."eat your clothes, -your
furniture and everything for which
yon spend your wages, will be just twice
as dear as they are now. This is not gold
bug lies. It is what the silverites say
when they are talking cheap money to
the farmers. -
- Now. John Smithy do you see what
free silver means? And do you want a
system under which the price of every
thing you buy will be at once doubled?
Are you willing to vote for a certainty
of being paid in cheap dpllars which
have only half of the purchasing power
of those yon now get? The "16 to 1
Bhouters will tell yon . that your wages
will be doubled and that if . your em
ployer does not at once give yon twice
as many dollars per month or week you
will simply have to ask for more pay.
Do yon think you will get it, John
Smith? You know how hard it is for
the workers to get even a slight advance'
In wages. Yon know that there are
many idle men who would be glad to
take your place if you went on strike.
Can you afford to take chances with a
scheme which is certain to double your
living expenses for the sake of the bare
possibility of higher wages? Think . it
over, John Smith, between now' and
November. Talk it over with your fel
low workmen and' vote according to
your own best interests. -'.r ;
Inevitable Oonaeqoeneea,
- The experiences of all lands and of
all ages utterly exclude the possibility
that any one should profit by a depreci
ated . currency except an' exceedingly
small minority of money, dealers and
successful speculators in" public dis
tress. In the spirit of gambling that is
thus engendered in an epoch of depreci
ated currency very few of these persons
are permitted to enjoy their innings in
the long run. . When the prices of prod
nets nominally rise, the balance is re
dressed by a rise also in the cost of pro
duction and in the ' wants - of the pro
ducers. " Every rise in prices under an
inflated currency, as .well - as under a
sound system of money, is followed by
Increased production and by a depression
of prices through increased competi
tion. But a violent disturbance of busi
ness through a sudden change of the
monetary standard to a silver dollar
containing only - 53 cents of bullion
oould not be made without causing
- widespread distress. The only adequate
explanation of the course of
the advo-
cates of free silver coinage is that they
are but dimly conscious of the conse
quences that would follow the adoption
of their policy. Philadelphia Record.
A Sixteen to One Town. ;
' "Is this a 16 to 1 town?" asked the
drummer. -'"v. -
"It air on Sunday," answered the
native, r ; -- .;
- "On Sunday?" i:-. - "
. " Yaa, Sixteen goes flshin to one go
In to church. " Cincinnati Enquirer. ,
A MONEY CATECHISM.
SOME PLAIN ANSWERS TO IMPORTANT
v QUESTIONS CONCERNING MONEY- "
Why Gold Is Preferable to Silver
' Bulky, and Business of Civilized World Is
Adjusted to It iws' Cannot Make. It
-f Ims Acceptable Honey Senator Stewart
and Silver States Prefer Gold. " , -
Question.' What is money? ' Answer.
Any common medium of exchange which
ta accepted as payment in itself. '- '-
; Q. What is representative money? A. ,
Any common medium of exchange
Which promises to pay money.
, Q. What is meant byprimarymoney?'
A. This is a new phrase introduced to
confuse people by suggesting that there
is also" secondary money.-- "
-: Q. What is money of final redemp
tion? A. This is another late addition
to the American language implying that
there are several different kinds of
money. There is only one kind of money
in this country, j There, are several dif
ferent kinds of representative money.
. . Q. Give examples of each. .A. Gold
coin is money. - Everything . else that-
?irculate8' whether of metal or of paper,
" " """J-
r Q-" Is - silver com
representative
money, . 'A. It is. " ' ".
-.' Q. In what way does the government
promise1 to redeem its silver coins? A.
Bjr the act of congress of -June 9, 1870,
it promises to redeem all coins smaller
than $1 when - presented . in sums
not. less than f 20. . By the act of Feb.
'28, 1878, the .government promises to -receive
silver dollars at par. in all pay-;
'meats to itself. By the act of July 19,
1890, it declares' it to be the policy of
the government to keep the two metals
at a parity with each other. ; By - two
different acts the secretary of the treas
ury is authorized to purchase coin and
to issue the obligations of the United
States therefor, c". . ' -v - -
-' Q- What is the indispensable quality
and ffrst requisite of money? A. That '
it should be universally acceptable. -
Q. Is there any kind of money uni
versally acceptable but gold? : A. There
is not --. .
Q. Would not silver be equally ac
ceptable if it were equally legal tender?
.A. Silver dollars are legal tender. Give
any man the option ; of taking 100 of
these pieces or lO.goldpieces of $10
each and he will choose the latter.
Therefore the are not equally accepta
ble. : - v. - v
Q. Is the difference in weignt tne
only reason why gold is more acceptable
than silver? A. That is not the only
reason now, but it was the main if not
: the only reason when civilized nations
made their choice between the two.
.'- Q. What reasons exist now that did
"hot exist then?, A. A variation of 60
per cent has taken place in the value of
the two metald. In addition to being 16
- tiroes, as htavy, silver has lost one-half.
0f its value during the interval. . r '
j j. Are there any other reasons why
silver is :,not equally -acceptable with:
gold? A. Sea ; although a limited
; amount of silver (and also of nickel and
copper 1 ; ,is .used as a medium of ex-
change, it is now a commodity in the
markets of the world subject to the same
fluctuations as other commodities. Peo
ple do not like to use a fluctuating com-
; modity as moneyand will not if they
can get anything better.-
Q. Have you mentioned all the rea-
; sons why gold is acceptable as money
and silver is not? A. The most decisive
reason is that the civilized world has
- adjusted itself to the gold standard dur
ing a long period of time. All business
. is bottomed on it It is an accomplished
fact coextensive with the commercial
world. To change to another, standard
wonld be literally turning the commer
cial world upside down. v -
Q. Can such a change be produced?
A. Absolutely impossibla In a conceiv
able case one country may turn itself
upside down, but that feat would not
make gold less acceptable or silver more
so, even in that country. Acceptableness
is a state of the human mind which'
laws cannot change.
j Q. Is the preference for gold uni
versal? A. It is universal among civi
lized men. Even the silver advocates in
the United States prefer gold in their
business affairs, that is everywhere ex
cept on the stump. ' Senator Stewart of
Nevada makes his mortgages payable in
gold. ; When he was reproved for this
bad example, he said that .he merely
followed the universal custom on the
Pacific coast, where he ' lives. So we
have his authority for the statement
that in the section of the Union where
- the demand for silver is most vociferous
everybody prefers gold in his private
business. '
Q. Can you give any other examples?
A. The territory of Arizona brought a
bill before congress two or three years
ago, asking Authority to issue bonds
payable specifically '. in gold, on the
. ground that the money would be bor
. rowed at a considerable lower rate of
interest than if they were payable in
dollars without specifying the kind of
dollars. The state of Utah is negotiating
a speciflo gold loan now. for the same
reason.- . Yet both Arizona and Utah are
politically for silver.
Q. What do these acts signify? A.
Two things: First, that gold is prefer
able to silver in the general estimation
of mankind ;' second, that payment in
gold is an advantage to borrowers.
New York Evening Post. N '
' Bllvente Vampaign vims. '
-. The platform adopted by the silverite
wing which controlled the Democratic
-national convention contains abundant
material for stirring campaign mottoes.
L"Free Silver Inflation," "Debt Repudi
ation," ."Property Confiscation'' and
"Commercial Stagnation" are brief and
truthful statements of the aims of the'
' cheap money Democrats and the certain
results which would follow their success
in November. . Shouting these cheerful,
strains, the silverites can march to the
certain defeat which awaits all move
ments based on sectionalism, greed,' ap
peals to prejudloe and hatred of property
The silverite catechism.
In Which Free Coinage Theories ' Are ,
Plainly Stated. - , ,
What is money? Something made out
01 nothing by government. '.; . .
Is there any limit to . the ' amount ot -
money which government can., make?
Only the capacity of the printing presses -of
the country.' Z, -
What kind of money is the ( best?
That which has the least value. '
What does "cheap money" mean? '
Money that will buy very little wealth,
. Why. are some people poor? Because .
the money they get in exchange for ;
their products or their labor will buy a
large amount of goods. ' :
How can the poor, all 'be made rich?
By stamping 60 cents' worth of silver
"one dollar" and thus decreasing the t
purchasing power of money. s ' , -
What is a capitalist? A wicked sinner v
-who has worked hard and saved "up jr
little property. -
What is a patriot? A man who covets --.
his neighbor's property , and wants to ,1
get hold of it by law.
- What does "repudiation" mean? It is .. v
' a simple scheme for readjusting the in-- -equalities
between the men who worked
and the men who have not '
What is the golden rule of the silver
ites? Do others as they would not do
you. - . ' " -' "
-- What are we to understand by "hon--esty"
and "good-faith between men?" !
: That creditors are to be cheated out of
one-half of their property whenever the -
debtors control congress. .
- - Why not benefit debtors still more by
repudiating all the claims of creditor
That will come later. . The publio must -.
be educated into silverism liv detmMw.
- What is a creditor? A fiend in human v
shape who loaned 100 oent dollars and
doesn't want to be paid in dollars worth
50 cents. - , -. . -
; . How will free silver help the farm-" '.-7
era? By causing the withdrawal of all
' loans, paralysis of industry, stagnation - -of
commerce and idleness of millions of '
workers who now buy farm products. :
How will the 16 to 1 scheme benefit.,
the working classes? . By" making them- .
pay twice as much for everything they h
buy, while giving them little or no in- ' :
crease in wages. It wilf also confiscate "
half of their savings bank deposits.
What is a silver mine owner? A good,
kind, unselfish citizen, who doesn't .
want higher prices of silver, so that he - "
will get rich, but simply because he
loves his fellow man. '
Does his love for the workers lead - -him
to pay more than market rates for : .
his labor? Not much. Business and -
sentiment are two different things. Be-
sides he doesn't have to. -. -
What is a sound currency? - Dollars
with 50 cents' worth of silver and 50
cents' worth of fiat or paper dollars all " - ...
fiat. ."" . "
. What is the chief duty of a good citi
zen? To hate everybody who is Indus-' -
trions and thrifty, and . to meekly swal
low all the nostrums of the cheaD money -
office seekers. - . : ,-
j How oan the people be made prosper-- ,
vfB? Br xattiE (iLuu .rsaiiMfc';i2:i.-rTiw
oouraging the investment ; of capital ;
contracting the i currency by ruining ent '
ItlAvoN iltntrincr . nnf trrA ti1 Aval1. V -
Whidden Graham. . 'x..
' - - V.-. .-. - .
The Grand Army of Creditors. :-- '-
The gentlemen who think that they :
have made an attractive bid for votes
by proposing a 50 cent dollar for debtors -
. iaj pay uicir ucubs wiijxi uiu iiiwiiiug .. .
without their host. Every state of the
Union is full of creditors, and they will '
' never consent to defraud and cheat
themselves. J '
. Among these creditors are: ,
All persons who work for wages; sal-'
ary or by the piece.
All members of building and loan '
. associations. " ' . ''
All depositors In savings, national,
state or private banks. . . '
: All holders of life, fire and accident - - .
All members of benevolent and fra- v
temal insurance orders. -
All holders of industrial insurance.
' All widows, orphans or wards de
pendent wholly or partially upon the
income from investments.
' ' A1 educational and charitable iosti- -. " .
fnHnna iAriAnrlATil: whnllv m- In nnrt n T ' '
- on the income of their endowments. -.
In fact the 60 cent silver dollar o :
would be of advantage to- few persons f
in tne long run save tne speculators,
who would gamble on . the1 inevitable .
fluctuations in its purchasing power and 1
in the price of commodities. Exchange. . ;
Boma Things Nobody Can Do. IT
It is idle to ' 'hurl defiance' ' and boast -
of what this great nation can da It . .. .
rtoTror Yiaa Fiaoti aKIa tn mfl.1nfj1.1n himAtnl- "
lism under free coinage of both gold
and silver, even when the conditions -"
were far more favorable than now.
This nation is unquestionably "broad
enough to legislate for its own people -without
waiting for the aid or consent ,.
of any other nation on earth," but this.'
nation tried for over 80 years to. secure
bimetallism under a legal double stand
ard and completely failed, . And as this '
nation, "broad" as it is, is not able to v
mtMiiliu ik nan nn. mnm nArfarm u
such a feat now than it could in the past
Louisville Oourier-JournaL
. . .- -
" The Prwent Standard Bost For All.
The present currency standard should -'
be maintained because it guarantees an
honest dollar to rich and poor alike.
The farmer is sure of full value for his ' -products.
.The laborer knows that his
services .are paid for with honest money.
If the currency maintained on the pres- :
ent gold standard is the "money of the -wealthy,"
as the free silver advocates -assert
to awaken the prejudices of the
common people, by the same token it is
- acceptable to the poor.; -The wisdom of
the present basis is seen in the fact
that individuals prefer a gold standard . . .
dollar every time, and what is best for - -.
individuals is best for the nation. Do-. ,J -
troit Free Press. . . , -i ' -:
The ratio of summer girls to summer
men at the seashore resorts is 16 to L
atcKlnley is the choice of the people. .