THE CORVALLIS GAZETTE, FRIDAY, MAY 15,1891.
ISSUED KVERY FRIDAY MORNING BY
ZFIRA-TSTIC CONOVEE.
SU33G3IPTION RATLS
Ier Year,
Six Months
T.iree Months
ingle Copies
er ifear (when not paid in advance)...
J2 00
1 00
75
oc
2 SO
THE U. S. IN VOL VED.
Just at present it looks as though
the United States would become
involved in the Chilian trouble
notwithstanding our determina
tion to cake no part in the difficul
ties of other nations.
The law of nations protects the
rights of a neutral nation, but it
also defines the duties of a neu
tral, one of which is that it must
use all possible dilligence to pre
vent its citizens from supplying a
belligerent with offensive material,
soldiers or ships, arms, or muni
tions war; and a failure to observe
this duty renders the neutral liable
lor any damage which may result
therefrom.
The trouble which confronts us
is briefly this: An U. S. schooner
called the "Robert and Minnie"
at San Francisco recently took
on a cargo of rifles and other
munitions of war and conveyed
them to sea where they were
transferred to a Chilian transport,
the Itata, sent up the coast under
convoy of the man-of-war, Esmer
alda, for purpose. Before the
transfer was effected, the Itata,
putting into San Diego for some
purpose, became an object of sus
picion and was detained by the
authorities, an United States mar
shal being put in charge. While
the local authorities and the navy
department at Washington were
determining what further action to
take the Itata sailed away with
the marshal and dumped him off
at a convenient point to find his
way bade and report his discom
fiture. Then she proceeded to
keep her appointment with the
American schooner. Shortly af
terwards the U. S. authorities
started the swift cruiser, Charles
t6n, after the Itata in hot haste
for the purpose of recapturing her.
Latest advices say: "It was at first
doubted that one of the most pow
. erful of the Chilian warships
should go so far from the Chilian
eoast at this juncture, but it is
definitely known that the Esmer
alda is now in port at Acapulco,
on the Mexican coast, which tact
the navy department at Washing
ton was probably advised of when
the orders were given to
the Charleston. It is deemed
probable that the Esmeralda will
cruise north toward San Lucas, in
the hope of meeting the Itata be
fore the Charleston can arrive and
to protect the cargo and crew from
seizure, if possible, apart from
other considerations."
The Charleston and Esmeralda
are quite evenly matched and
there is likely to be a lively time
if they come togther. There are
no telegraph stations south of E:i
senada, just south of the boundary
line in Lower California, so that,
save such meager information as
may be brought -north by one of
the Panama or coast steamers,
nothing further is likely to be
lieard from her or the Itata, until
the Charleston returns, or is heard
from at some of the Mexican ports.
Tub cities all over Oregon are
voting municipal improvements.
Let us have a wide awake council.
Shake off the moss from your
drooping shoulders. Let the warm
sunlight of progress shine in upon
your weakening spine- and you
will: soon join the ranks of enter
prise with an elastic step
The city of Corvallis has little
or no indebtedness being only a
little over a month behind in the
Tegular expense incurred. for run
ning her municipal government.
Let u$- have a council for sewer
age, first, and take the chances on
the men who will be appointed to
fhie offices.
THE BEHRING SEA MATTER. '
The latest communication, sent
to Minister Pauncefote, in relation
to the Behring sea matter and
questions which it is proposed to
arbitrate, has been made public.
Much of the contention so far has
been occasioned by the assump
tion on the part of Lord Salisbury
that the United States claims that
Behring sea is a mare clausum, or
closed sea.
In the opinion of the president
says Blaine, Lord Salisbury is
wholly and strangely in error
in maiung tne tollowing state
ment: "Nor do they (the
advisers of the president) rely, as
a justification tor the seizure of
British ships in the open sea,
upon the contention that the seal
fisheries, give to the United States
government any right for that pur
pose, which, according to our in
ternational law, it would not other
wise possess."
The government of the United
States has steadily held just the
reverse of the position which Lord
Salisbury has imputed to it. It
holds the ownership to the islands
upon which the seal breed, that
the habits of the seal in regularly
repairing thither and rearing their
young thereon, that their going
from the islands in search of food
and regularly returning thereto,
and all the facts and incidents of
their relation to the islands, give
to the United States a property in
terest therein; that this property
interest was claimed and exercised
by Russia during the whole period I
of its sovereignty over the land
and waters of Alaska; that Eng
land recognized this property in
terest, so far as recognition is im
plied by abstaining from all inter
ference with it during the whole
period of Russia's ownership of
Alaska, and during the first nine
teen years of the sovereignty of the
United States. It is yet to be de
termined whether the lawless in
trusion of Canadian vessels in
1SS6 and subsequent years has
changed the law and equity of the
case heretofore prevailing.
The questions which will proba
bly form the basis of arbitration
are as follows:
First What exclusive jurisdiction in the
seii, now known as Bhriut; sea, and what
exclusive rights in the eal fisheries therein,
did ltussia assert and exercise prior and' up
to the time of the cession of Alaska to the !
United States?
Second How far were these claims of
jnrisdictiou as to the seal fisheries recog
nized and couceded by Great Britain?
Third Was the body of water known as
Behring sea included in the phrase "Pacific
ocean," as used in the treaty of 1825 be
tween Great Britain and Russia, aud what
rights, if any, in the Behrinn sea were held
and exclusively exercised by Russia alter
said treaty?
Fourth Did not all the rights of Russia
as to jurisdiction and as to the seal fisheries
in the Behring sea, east of the water boun
dary described in the treaty between the
United States and Russia, f March 30,
1S67, pass unimpaired to the United St.ites
under that treaty?
Fifth Has the United States any right,
aud if so, what right, of protection of pio
perty in the fur seals frequenting the islands
of the United States in the Behring sea,
when such seals are found outside the ordi
nary three-mile limit?
Sixth If the determination of the fore
going questions shall leave the subject in
such a position that the coHcurreucd of
Great Britain is necessary in prescribing
the regulations for the killing of fur seals in
any part of the waters of the Behring sea.
then it shall be further determined:
First How far, if at all outside the or
dinary territorial limits, is it necessary that
the United States should exercise an exclu
sive jurisdiction, in order to protect the
seals tor the tune living niyun the islands ol
tht United States and feeding therefrom?
Second Whether a -closed season, dur
ing which the killing of seals in the waters
ot liehring sea, outside the ordinary terri
torial limits, shall be prohibited, is neces
sary to save the seal fishing industry, so
valuable and important to mankind, from
destruction, and if so,
Third What months or parts of mouths,
should be included in such season, aud over
what water should it extend?
' According to an article in the
Forum by Arthur T. Iladley, the
average amount received by rail
roads in the United States for car
rying a passenger one mile is 2 1-6
cents. In England it is about 2
cents, in France not quite a cent
and a half, in Germany a cent and
a quarter, in Austria about a cent
and in. British India six tenthsof a
cent. The difference in these
rates are more than compensated
by the superior- service which
American roads give to their pas
sengers, and taking speed, con
venience and comfort into consid
eration, American railways afford
the cheapest passenger rates in
the world..--
BAYARD'S VIEWS.
The promptness with which
prominent leaders of the demo
cratic party have given their sup
port to Secretary Blaine in his con
troversies with the British Gov
ernment in regard to the New Or
leans lynching, must be pleasing
to every citizen. It show's that
however divided Americans may
be in regard to home affairs, no
sooner is an international question
in dispute than the whole people
and their leaders without regard
to parly, unite in defense of the
rights of the country. Nor has
the support thus given been either
weak or perfunctory. The article
written by ex-minister Phelps up
on the seal fisheries was one of
the most important contributions
that was made to the discussion,
and no doubt did much to confirm
all thoughtful citizens in their con
fidence in the wisdom and justice,
as well as m the strength and con
sistency, of Blaine's diplomancy.
Not less valuable is the paper re
cently published in the Forum
from the pen of Secretary Bayard,
who gives to his successor in the
office of Secretary of State the
powerful aid of his name and rep
utation in maintaining the position
which he had taken in reference to
the Italian demand for indemnity.
Bayard points out that there is
neither any law, treaty nor moral
obligation to support the Italian
claim, while there is in the history
of this country an unbroken line
of precedents against it. lie cites
the case of a British subject nam
ed Tunstall, murdered in New
Mexico in 1878, in which a claim
for damages was made, but which
was denied both by Secretaries
Evarts and Frelinghuysen, who laid
down the maxim that the relatives
of the murdered man had the
same right as a citizen of the Uni
ted States to sue for damages, but
could not establish any claim ex
cept through the courts and against
t he Territory. He also quotes the
Chinese cases in 1886, in which it
was again declared that the only
remedy for aggrieved aliens was
in the courts and that no action
could be brought against the Fed
eral Government.
Both China and England accept
ed the doctrine of tha irresponsi
bility of the Federal Government
for damages. In the latter case
Congress did vote relief to the
Chinese, but. this was done from
benevolence and not Jto satisfy a
legal claim. Futhermore Bayard
says that in the riots at. Pittsburg
in 1878 and in Cincinnati in 1884,
a great deal of damage was done
both to our own citizens and to
some foreigners, but in no case
was a claim of damages against
the general government establish
ed. The sufferers recovered dam
ages from the States of Pennsyl
vania and Ohio through the courts,
and a similar means is open for
the Italians to recover from Lou
isiana if a case of damages can be
made out. This similarity of
views between the leading states
men of both our great parties
shows at once the justice of our
cause and patriotic determination
of our people to sink all party
differences in its maintenance, and
is therefore grateful to every citi
zen. San Jose Mercury.
President Harrison, in congrat
ulating Oregon on her rainy
weather, which he seems to thin!
is more conductive to good charac
ter . than that of California, said:
"How can a boy or young woman
be well trained in self-denial who
dGes not , know what it is to have
a picnic spoiled by a shower?"
Well, a boy can be trained by
having his picnic girl go off and
flirt with another fellow, and the
girl can learn it when the other
fellow neglects to set up the ice
cream. There is no lack of char
acter-making "things in California
San Jose Mercury.
Disastrous forest fires are rag
ing in Pennsylvania, Wisconsin
and Miclugan. Towns are being
swept away and the loss of life is
reported great.
NICARAGUA CANAL.
Warner Miller, who has just re
turned from Greytown, Nicaragua,
says in regard to the canal:
'Few people have any idea of
the value of the canal to this
country, but thinking men know
it is an absolute necessity. I had
a long chat with Secretary of the
Navy Tracy, and he spoke of the
imperative necessity of the canal.
He said to me that in war alone
it would be of incalculable value.
kIn such a state of affairs, as exists
at present between the United
States and Chili,' said the secre
tary to me, 'I could send the West
India squadron into the Pacific
ocean inside of forty eight hours.
That is now impossible, and we
must virtually sustain two navies.
If the canal existed in fact, the
money now spent in the main
tenance of the Pacific squadron
could be expended for the benefit
of the navy in its entirety and the
facility with which either ocean
could be reached would enable us
to save money in connection, re
pairs and equipment.' '-The canal
will positively be finished in six
years," concluded MiUer. '-It will
take about $75,000,000 to finish it,
and at present we have spent only
about $5,000,000. Our plans are
perfect and we know, to a pound
just how much we must excavate."
Statistcs compiled for the use
of the Congressional Committee
on Coinage show that France has
the largest amount of gold and
silver currency in the world, hav
ing $900,000,000 in gold and
$700,000,000 in silver. The Unit
ed Stales comes next with $702,
01S,S69 in gold and $4S2,0J 7,346
in silver. England has $550,000,
000 in gold and $100,000,000 in
silver. Germany has $500,000,000
in gold and $145,000,000 in silver.
The total amount of coinage of the
world is estimated at $3,727,018,
869 gold and $3,820,571,356 in sil
ver. There is riiore safely in a sewer
age system than there is in an
army of policemen, whatever their
qualifications. We can insure our
houses and bar our doors against
fire bugs and burglars, but the
only protection against the dan
gers which lurk in the cesspools
of the city is good drainage.
Do not cast your ballot blindly
for councilmen next Monday. A
council that will favor a sewerage
system is ot vastly more import
ance than one elected simply on
acccunt of its views in regard to
the qualifications of the different
candidates for appointment to
office.
EAW ASBEwF-STEAK.
Baby's Fearful Suffering from Skin
Disease Covering Kntire Body
Cured by Cuticura.
My baby was taken very sick when lie
was three months old. and in a few days be
gan breaking out. We employed both of
the home doctors, and they could do noth
ing for him. Then we sent for the best
doctor in Knti.n Rapids, Mich., and he doc
tored in in tor two
weeks, and he nob
worse, all the time;
and then I took him
to Jackson to a doc
tor who atti-nds es
pecially to skin dis
eases, and vhen he
got worse than ever.
Then I told my hus
band we had better
try the Cuticura
Remedies any way; did not have any idea
they would do any good, but in les3 than
two months from the time we began giving
them to him he was entirely well, and not a
soot on him. His hair beg in growing right
off, and we had thought he would always
lie bald-headed. There was not a spot on
his whole body, face, and head, only his
nose and eyes, but what was as raw as a
beef-steak. So poor there was not any
thing but bones, aud so weak he could raise
neither hand nor head.
Mrs. Fkakk Barrktt, Wiufield, Mich.
Cuticura Resolvent.
The new blood and Skin Purifier, and great
est of Humor Remedies, cleanses the blood
of all impurities and poisonous elements,
and thus removes the cause, while (.'UTI-
cura, the great skin cure, and Cuticura
Soap, an exquisite skin beautitier, clear the
skin and scalp, and restore the hair. Thus
the CmoCBA Remediks cure every species
of itching, burning, scaly, pimply, and
blotchy skin, scalp, and blood diseases,
from pimples to scrofula, from infancy to
age, when the best physicians fail.
Sold everv where, Price, Cuticura, 50c;
Soap, 23; Resolvent. $1. Prepared by the
Potter Lru and Chemical Corporation,
Boston.
43"Sencl for "How to Cure Blood Diseases. '
BTT)'Y''QSkm and Scalp punned and beautified
AD 1 Oby Cuticura Spat. Absolutely pure.
RHEUMATIC PAINS.
In onk mixctb tub Cuticura Anti-Pain
Plastkr relieves rheumatic sciatica, hip.
kidney, chest, and muscular pains and
weaknesses, rnre, zm.
6
EM'S FURNISHINGS.-
E ARE NOW READY FOR
13 Varied Stock of Clothing of all
We are showing many fine makes ot IMPORTED GOODS. Also
Clothing ot
Oregon and Albany Wollen Mills Manufacture.
Our Slock ot Men's and Roys' Furnishing Goods is very complete.
The Larjrtst Stock of Men's and Boys' Shoes in tOTrn.includ
ing a fine line of the celebrated S., L. fc Co.'s make.
Men's and Boys' Ventilated Tennis Shoes.
Hats in Endless Variety, from
"Workingnien, Mechanics, and Painters' Outfits.
TRIJXJCS, YALISES, SA.TCHEL8.
Clothing Made to Order 300 samples to select from. We Guar
antee a good fit or no trade.
Before you buy your Spring suit call and examine our bright new
Stock. Our Prices are Right.
SPHeadquartcrsf
BEEKEEPERS!!
Send for
tmmm of
I JMS. i , i. i - i in
All (oods at Eastern Prices and the very best Workmanship.
NAM! & SIlKKF, Nashville, Benton Co.
gyS warms of Bees wauled: for cash or in exchange for hives.
Type-Writers,
New and Second-Fland.
TYPE - WRITING SUPPLIES,
Fine Linen and Carbon Papers, llibbons. etc.
General Agent for '-SMITH PREMIER1' Type-Writer, EDISON
"MIMEOGRAPH," Automatic Steel Copying Presses, Cook's Auto
matic Postal Scales-and Rival Filing Cabinets.
I can furnish you with a complete Office Outfit. Send for Catalogue.
IT. W. REYNOLDS,
29, Stark Street, Portland, Oregon.
GEO. EL J
Corvallis,
Charter : Oak : Ranges!
With Wire-Gauze Doors.
Fire-Backs Warranted for 15 Years.
Argund Stoves and Ranges,
"Ventilated Ovens,
PLUMBING R00FJITG, REPAIRING.
P ISO'S REMEDY FOS CATAKKIL Best. Easiest '
tr nso ( !hr:irisf,. Reiiof is immediate. A cure is .
jj certain. For Gold in the
ifes&MSJ?-4 Wen
W0i ' It is an Ointment, of
EM) to the nostrils. Price,
B&J by-maiL Address, ,
SPRING TRADE with a Lanre and
variety of styles and ratterns.
GOATS
a $5 Stetson to a 10-cent Straw.
Corvallis
ft4 Oregon,
or Men's Outfits.
Our 1891 d
W QUEEN BEES.
PISH,
Oregon.
Head it has no equal.
mm
which a small particle is applied '
50c. Sold by druggists or sent
E. T. Hazeluke, Warren Pa. '